2023年中考英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)（2）冠詞

學(xué)生李文昊教師填寫時間2023年7月17日星期一學(xué)科英語年級九年級課時統(tǒng)計第（3334）課時教學(xué)目標教學(xué)知識內(nèi)容初中英語中考總復(fù)習(xí)專題冠詞個性化學(xué)習(xí)問題解決通過專題夯實基礎(chǔ)、拓展提升教學(xué)重點讓學(xué)生全面了解冠詞的基本用法，并能熟練運用教學(xué)過程教師活動冠詞復(fù)習(xí)目標能靈活運用冠詞冠詞用法口訣：泛指用a/an，單數(shù)可數(shù)；特指用the，不特不the。釋：1）泛指用a/an，單數(shù)可數(shù)——泛指的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前要用a/an。2）特指用the——如果是特指，那么無論是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞前均要用the。3）不特不the——不特指則不用the，包括泛指的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前用a/an，泛指的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前不用冠詞，泛指的不可數(shù)名詞前也不用冠詞三種情況。定冠詞：特指雙熟悉，上文已提及，世上獨一無二，序數(shù)最高級，某些專有名，習(xí)語及樂器。（1）the用在“特指”談話雙方都知道的某個人或某些人或物前。如：Whereistheteacher？老師在哪里？（2）the用在上文已提到的人或事物前。如：Icanseeacat.ThecatisLucy’s.我能看見一只貓，那只貓是露茜的。（3）the用在世界上獨一無二的事物前。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球圍繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。（4）the用在序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級前。如：Mikeisthetallestofthethreeboys.邁克是三個男孩中最高的一個。（5）the用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。如：thegreatwall（長城），thepeople’spark（人民公園）等。（6）the用在一些習(xí)慣用語中或樂器名詞前。如：intheday（在白天），playthepiano（彈鋼琴）等。不用冠詞：代詞限定名詞前，專有名詞不可數(shù)，復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指，學(xué)科球類三餐飯，季節(jié)星期月份前，顏色語種和國名，稱呼習(xí)語及頭銜。（1）名詞前已有作定語用的this,that,these,those,my,your,his,her,our,their,some等限定詞時，不用冠詞。如：thiseraser,herpencilbox,someboxes,thosewomen等。（2）泛指的不可數(shù)名詞前一般不用冠詞。如：meat,rice,water,bread,tea,milk,juice等。（3）復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示泛指時，不用冠詞。如：Thepeopleintheroomaredoctors.房間里的那些人是醫(yī)生。（4）在表示學(xué)科的名詞前一般不用冠詞。如：Chinese,English,maths,physics,history等。在三餐飯和球類運動名詞前一般不加冠詞。如：havebreakfast/lunch/supper,playbasketball/football等。（5）在季節(jié)、節(jié)日、星期、月份前不用冠詞。如：autumn,summer,winter,spring,teacher’sday,children’sday,Sunday,February等。（6）在表顏色、語種和國家名詞前不用冠詞。如：white,brown,French,Australia等。（7）在表示稱呼語的名詞之前，以及職務(wù)、頭銜的名詞前不用冠詞。如：Doctorgreenisascientist.格林博士是位科學(xué)家。有水無湖、有球無星、有山無峰、有獨無歐（二）、有（足）族無球（運動）、有文無章、學(xué)而不專：1）有水無湖：海、洋、海灣、河等，都用the;單個湖不用the,(但多個湖用the);theredsea,thepacificocean,thePersiangulf,theYangtzeriverthegreatlakes(五大湖)；lakeErie(伊利湖)2）有球無星：地球，月亮用the;行星不用the:mars,venus;3）有山無峰：theHuangShanmountains(黃山)；mountEverest(珠穆朗瑪峰)；mount(ormt.)tai(泰山).4）有獨無歐（偶）：獨一無二的，theearth,themoon,thesun用the;歐洲等七大洲不用the.Europe,Africa,Asia,northAmerica,southAmerica,Antarctica,Oceania5）有（足）族無球（運動）：種族用the:theindians(印第安人)；球類運動baseball,basketball6）有文無章：歷史性的文件用the;小說等的章節(jié)不用thetheconstitution(憲法);chapterone7）學(xué)而不專：學(xué)校放在詞組的前面時用the;專有名詞放在詞組的前面時不用the;theuniversityofFuDan;FuDanuniversity題組訓(xùn)練一（問題習(xí)題化）單項選擇()1.LastnightIsaw＿＿＿UFOflyingintheskyandtookpicturesofit.A.aB.anC.theD.不填()2.Timhadtriedtwice,andhisfatheraskshimtohave＿＿＿thirdtry.A.theB.aC.anotherD./()3.Manystudentsinourschoolcanplay________guitar.A.theB.aC.不填()4.LiuChangchunis_________firstChinesetojointheOlympics.A.aB.anC.theD.不填()5.Ithinkit's_________usefuladvice,soIwillalwaysrememberit.A.aB.anC.theD./()6.—Willyougetthereby_______train?—No,I'lltake_______taxi.A./;aB.a;theC./;/D.the;a()7.Iread_____story.Itis_____interestingstory.A.a;anB.a;aC.the;theD./;an()8.Wealwayshave_____ricefor______lunch.A./;/B.the;/C./;aD./;the()9.______trainisfasterthan_______bus.A.A;aB.The;/C.A;theD./;the()10.Januaryis______firstmonthoftheyear.A.aB./C.theD./()11.Einsteinwon______NobelPrizeinPhysicsin1921.A.aB.anC.theD./()12.Ilikemusic,butIdon'tlike______musicofthatTVplay.A.aB.anC.theD./()13.______girloverthereis______Englishteacher.A.The;anB.A;/C.The;/D.A;a()14.Weoftenhavesportsafterclass,andIliketoplay_____basketball.A.aB.anC.theD./()15.Morecollegegraduateswouldliketoworkin____westpartofourcountry___nextyear.A.the;theB./;/C./;theD.the;/()16.Weworkfivedays________week.A.aB.anC.theD./()17.There's_______“u”and_______“s”in______word“use”.A.an;a;theB.a;an;/C.a;a;a,D.a;an;the()18.That's______usefulbook.Ihavereaditalready.A.theB.anC.aD./()19.______Whiteshavemovedtoanewhouse.A.AB.AnC.TheD./()20.Avatarissuch____wonderfulsciencefictionmoviethatIwanttoseeit__secondtime.A.a;aB.a;theC./;theD./;a知識點梳理考點一不定冠詞a,an的用法不定冠詞通常用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，a用于以輔音音素開頭的單詞前，而an則用于以元音音素開頭的單詞前。1.表示類別，泛指一類人或物。2.表示某人或某物，但不具體說明是何人或何物。3.表示“每一”，相當(dāng)于every.4.表示數(shù)量，有“一”的意思，但數(shù)的概念沒有one強烈。5.兩個名詞前只用了一個a或an,就表示一個整體或一個人具有兩個特征。6.用于固定短語中?？键c二定冠詞the的用法定冠詞the與指示代詞this,that,these,those意義相當(dāng)，用于不可數(shù)名詞、可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)前，表示某個或某些定的人或事物。1.表示特指時用定冠詞the.2.表示說話雙方都知道的人或事。3.指上文已提到的人或事物。4.用于世界上獨一無二的事物前。5.用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級前。6.用在某些由普通名詞所構(gòu)成的專有名詞形容詞前。7.用在樂器名詞前。8.用在某些形容詞前，表示一類人。9.用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫婦倆”。10.用于某些固定搭配中?？键c三零冠詞的情況1.復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞表示一般意義而不指具體的人或事物時，不用冠詞。2.名詞前有this,that,my,your,their,whose,these,some,any,no,each,every等代詞時，不用冠詞。3.學(xué)科﹑球類﹑三餐前不加任何的冠詞。4.顏色和具體的語言前不加任何冠詞。5.在國名和地名前不用任何的冠詞。6.職務(wù)﹑稱呼語和頭銜前不加任何冠詞。7.用于一些固定短語中。題組訓(xùn)練二（知識網(wǎng)絡(luò)化）單項選擇()1.Igotthenewson______radio.A./B.aC.anD.the()2.—Whois_____maninablackhat?—It'sJimBrown.Weoftenplay_____basketballtogetherinourfreetime.A.an;aB.a;/C.the;aD.the;/()3.______excitingnews!We'reneverhad_______longvacationbefore.A.What;suchaB.Whatan;suchaC.How;suchaD.What;soa()4.What_______interestinggame!Letmehave______try,OK?A.an;aB.a;anC./;aD.an;/()5.—Whatdoyouthinkofthecartoon?—Oh,itisreally____fantasticone.A.aB.anC.theD./()6.________sadnewsitis!Wemusttryourbesttohelpthemoutoftrouble.A.WhatanB.WhatC.HowanD.How()7.—WhatcanIdoforyou?—Iwant______MP4playerformydaughter.A.aB.anC.theD.不填()8.—Ihearthere’llbe_______talkonteenagerproblemsnextMonday.—Doyoumean________talkourteacheraskedustolistento?A.a;theB.a;aC.the;theD.the;a()9.—WhatwasMarcdoingwhenhismothergothomeyesterday?—Hewasplaying______guitar.A.theB.aC.anD./()10.Look,Simon,______WalkmanthatIboughtlastyearisn'tworkingproperly.A.a B.an C.the D.不填()11.—Didyousee________dogjustnow?—Isit______blackdog?A.the;aB.a;aC.the;不填()12.Heis______kindman.Heoftengivesmoneytocharity.A.a B.an C.the D./()13.—Doyouknow________womaninpinkoverthere?—Yes.Sheis_______officeworkerofLijingHotel.A.a;an B.the;the C.a;the D.the;an()14.Don'ttalktoTomlikethat.Heisonly_______elevenyearoldboy.A.a B.an C.the D.不填()15.—Whydidyoulaughjustnow?—Tedwantedtotellus____veryfunnystory,butheforgot_____endhimself.A./;theB.a;anC.a;theD.the;the題組訓(xùn)練三（與中考鏈接）一、單項選擇【中考預(yù)測】()1.Thereis________“s”intheword“six”and______“s”isthefirstletteroftheword.A.a;theB.a;anC.an;theD.a;a()2.—Isit_______Englishdictionary?—Yes,anditis______usefulone.A.a;aB.a;anC.an;aD.an;an()3.—Tina,couldyoupleaseplay_____guitarformewhileI'msinging?—Withpleasure.A.aB.anC.theD./()4.—Whatwouldyoulikefor________breakfast,MrScott?—Threepiecesofbreadwith______cupofblacktea,please.A.a;aB./;theC.a;theD./;a()5.—Doyouoftenlistento_______radio?—No.InfactIhaven't______radio.A.a;anB./;theC.a;theD.the;a()6.______Nanjingisoneoftheoldestcitieswith_______longhistory.A./;aB./;theC.A;theD./;the()7.Youcan'tsee________sunat________night.A.a;/B.a;TheC.the;/D.the;the()8.—Where's______keytothebox,Jim?—It'sinmybag.A.aB.theC./D.an()9.Inordertomakeitclear,Imustgoupto____secondfloorandaskhim____lotofmoney.A.the;aB.the;theC.a;theD.a;a()10.Giveme___booknexttotheTVsetandIalsoneed________pencil.A.a;theB.the;aC.a;a()11.Thisis______songI'vetoldyouabout.Isn'tit_______beautifulone?A.the;aB.the;theC.a;aD.a;the()12.—Whatabout______speech?—Itwastooboring,youknow,_____speechforme.A.a;theB.the;aC.the;/D.a;a()13.—Howdoyoulike________TVplayDaeJangGeum(《大長今》)?—Oh,it's______wonderfulone.It'soneof______bestTVplaysIhaveeverseen.A.a;a;theB.the;the;theC.the;a;/D.the;a;the()14.Inhisfreetime,heoftenplays_____guitarand_____football.A.a;aB./;aC.a;theD.the;/()15.Thefirstletteris___“u”intheword“useful”.Weoftensay“_________usefulbook”.A.a;aB./;aC./;anD.an;an【中考鏈接】()16.－Doyouknow_____boyoverthere?－Yes,helikesplaying_____basketballverymuch.A.the;不填B.a;theC.a;不填()17.－Whatdoyouknowaboutkitesurfing?－Itis_____excitingwatersport.A.aB.anC.the()18.－Doesyourfathergotoworkby_____careveryday?－No,hesometimestakes_____bus.A.A;theB.the;aC.不填;a()19.SomesmallshopsinBritainusuallyclosefor_____hourat_____lunchtime.A.an;theB.a;不填C.an;不填()20.Readingcanmakeyoubee_____expertandchangeyourlife.A.aB.anC.the()21.－Icanplay_____piano.－Wow,you’resogreat.A.aB.an()22.—Doyouoftenplay_____piano?—Yes.Iwanttobe____musicianlikeLangLang.A.the;aB.a;theC.the;an()23.－Haveyouseen_____filmwherearewegoing,Daddy?－Yes,it’squite_____interestingfilmsothatIhaveseenittwice.A.a;theB.the;anC.a;an()24.Danny’sgrandmotherisillin_____hospital.He’11gotheretoseeherafterschool.A.anB.theC../()25.TheWhiteshaveplannedtovisit_____GreatwallinChina.A.theB.an()26.－Haveyouseen_____filmWhereAreWeGoing,Dad?－Yes.It’s____interestingfilm.A.a;theB.the;anC.a;an()27.Hisunclewillgivehim_____birthdaypresent.It’llbewonderful.A.aB.an()28.Thereis_____goodrestaurantnearthatquietlake.A.aB.an()29.Manypeoplegaveawaymoneyto_____pooraftertheearthquakeinNepal.A.theB.a二、在需要的地方填入適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~，不需要的地方填“/” (1)______friendofmine,SandyMilton,wantedtobee(2)_____dancerwhenshewas(3)_____littlegirl.Everymorningbefore(4)______schoolsheusedtopracticein(5)______livingroomat(6)_____home.Dancersneed(7)_____lotof(8)______exercise,soSandyusedtogoto(9)______gymtwoorthreetimes(10)_____week.In(11)_____endshegot(12)_____jobin(13)______theaterpanyandbecause(14)______actress.In(15)_____fact,(16)______lastweekIsawherin(17)______programon(18)______TV.中考題歸納測試得分：考后總結(jié)：第II部分語法精講條件狀語從句例句觀摩1.

If

peopleobeythetrafficrules,therewillbefeweraccidents.2.

If

werideatnight,weshouldhavelightsonthebicycleorwearlightcoloredclothes.3.

If

webreakthetrafficrules,wemay,getafineandevenbeindanger.請你根據(jù)我們前面所學(xué)的狀語從句的知識,說說上述句子是什么從句;仔細觀察從句用的是什么時態(tài)，表示的是什么時候的動作?？梢詫?dǎo)條件狀語從句的從屬連詞有很多，例如if(假如，如果)，unless(除非），suppose(倘若),aslongas(只要)等。我們現(xiàn)在主要學(xué)習(xí)由if和unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。如:Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,wearegoingtotheGreatWall.

如果明天不下雨，我們就去長城。Ifyouaretired,youmaygotobed.

你如果累了，就去睡覺。Hewon'tbeabletocatchupwithusunlessherunsfaster.

他不可能趕上我們，除非他跑得更快此。He'llgothereunlessitrains.

如果不下雨，他就會去那兒。溫馨提示1.if引導(dǎo)的狀語從句經(jīng)常可以和unless引導(dǎo)的狀語從句互相轉(zhuǎn)換。如:He'llgothereifitdoesn'train.

=He'llgothereunlessitrains.2.和部分時間狀語從句一樣，在條件狀語從句中，如果主句是一般將來時，從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。如:Ifeveryone

obeys

thetrafficrules,theroads

willbe

safer.1.Yourdreamwillnotetrue_____youkeeptryingyourbest.

A.whenB.unless

C.whether

D.because[解析]B

句意為“你的夢想不會實現(xiàn)，除非你一直努力。”unless意為“除非”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。故選B。2.We'llachieveourdreamssomeday_____wekeeptryingandnevergiveup.

A.aslongas

B.eventhoughC.sothat[解析]A

考查連詞。aslon