SAGD Drilling Experience SAGD鉆井服務(wù)培訓課件

**SAGD

Drilling

ExperienceSAGD鉆井服務(wù)Sperry

Drilling

Services

ChinaSeptember

2008Agenda

目錄*What’s

SAGD?What

does

it

do?SAGD

ApplicationWhat

are

the

results?Case

Story2The

basic

theory

behind

SAGD

is

to

injectsteamatslightlyhigher

than

reservoir

pressure

into

the

upper

well.

A

steamchamber

is

created

as

thesteamcontacts

the

bitumen

and

condenses.

The

condensed

steamand

melted

bitumen

fall

by

gravity

drainage

and

are

produced

from

the

lowerwell.Steam-Assisted

Gravity

Drainage

蒸汽輔助重力泄油*What

does

it

do?能做什么？It

involves

accurate

drilling

of

well

pairs

in

the

formation.Steam

is

injected

in

the

upper

well

to

assist

productiolower

well

準確進行成對水平井的作業(yè)。蒸汽由上部井眼注入提高下部井眼的采收率。4*Typical

coordinate

uncertaintyLateral

VerticalRequired:

○

2

○

1

metersUncertainty

at

end

of

well:MWD:

○

30○

4

metersGyro:

○

10○

3

metersUncertainty

of

SAGD

Well

Separation

Using

Conventional

Survey

MethodsSeparation

calculated

using

conventional

survey

methodsis

subject

to

cumulativeerrorsexceeding

SAGD

tolerances利用常規(guī)測量手段所產(chǎn)生的累計誤差遠遠超過SAGD的精度要求Why

is

well

bore

ranging

required?為什么需要控制井眼間距？With

SAGD

wells,the

proximity

of

the

well

bores

to

one

another

is

critical

formaximum

recovery

對于SAGD井，平行井眼之間的距離是獲取最大采收率的關(guān)鍵Typicalcoordinateuncertainty典型的測量誤差Lateral

橫向

Vertical

垂向Required

要求:

2 1

metersUncertainty

at

end

of

well

井底誤差:*MWD:304

metersGyro:103

meters5Typical

coordinateuncertainty(

between

2

&

5%

of

separation

)Lateral

:

○

0.1

-

0.25

metersvertical

:

○

0.1

-

0.25

metersAt

5meter

separationWhy

is

well

bore

ranging

required?為什么需要控制井眼間距？Each

ranging

survey

measures

separation

precisely

given

an

independent

determination

of

wellseparation

and

coordinates

每次的控制間距測量給出一個獨立的分離距離和坐標數(shù)值*Typical

coordinateuncertainty典型的坐標誤差(

between

2

&

5

%

of

separation

)(介于2

和5

%

的分離)

Lateral

橫向:

0

.1

-

0

.25

metersVertical

垂向

:

0

.1

-

0

.25

metersAt5meterseparation當分離距離為5米時6Control

the

separationVertical

and

horizontal

separation

measured

within

the

precision

of

a

few

inches

from

the

reference

well

bore.Control

the

separation

with

links

to

Halliburton’s

MWD

System

與哈里伯頓的MWD配合使用控制井眼間距TTyyppiiccaall

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00..11

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mmeetteerrssAAtt

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mmeetteerr

sseeppaarraattiioonnMagnetic

Guidance

ToolTM

磁性導向工具*7Magnetic

Guidance

ToolTM

–

Theory

of

OperationMagnetic

Guidance

ToolTM

–Theory

of

Operation

磁性導向工具的測量原理Operational

Procedure

作業(yè)程序8*The

RMRS

usesamagnetic

bit

sub

in

combinationwitha

wireline

receiver

tool

to

precisely

control

the

separation

of

a

SAGD

well

pair.

Verticaland

Horizontal

separations

are

measured

with

a

precision

of

afew

10ths

of

a

meter

while

drilling

the

2nd

well

bore.Rotating

Magnet

Ranging

System

TM旋轉(zhuǎn)磁性測距系統(tǒng)How

it

works

如何工作？9*Rotating

Magnet

Ranging–Theory

of

Operation旋轉(zhuǎn)磁性測距的測量原理Operational

Procedure

作業(yè)過程Separation

Distance分離距離RMRSTM

Sensor

傳感器The

amplitude

of

the

axial

magnetic

field

component

goes

through

aminimum

as

the

RM

bit

sub

passes

the

sensor通過旋轉(zhuǎn)磁性接頭的傳感器的軸向磁場的振幅最小The

measured

distance

between

the

two

maxima

approximates

theradial

separation

between

wells測量兩口井之間最大的徑向分離距離*10Choosing

the

right

system

選擇正確的系統(tǒng)Operational

Procedure

作業(yè)過程Distance

距離MGTTMRMRSTM5-10

meters2%

of

separation(0.1

–

0.2m)5%

of

separation(0.25

–

0.5m)10-25

meters5%(0.5

–

1.25m)5%(0.5

-

1.25m)25-50+

metersOut

of

Range5%(1.25

–

2.50m)*The

MGT

has

a

slightly

better

accuracy

at

close

proximities

increasingseparation

control

between

well

bores

當井距較近時MGT精度較高The

RMRS

has

a

significantly

increased

range

and

is

suited

forobservation

well

positioning

RMRS用于井距較大時，適合于觀察井11Choosing

the

right

system

選擇正確的系統(tǒng)Comparison

兩個系統(tǒng)的比較Consideration

內(nèi)容MGTTMRMRSTMFit-For-Purpose

主要用途Horizontal

well

tracking

水平井Well

Intersection

交叉井Proven

technology

成功實例400+wellpairssince1993自1993年完成400多對100

pairs

since

2001

自2001年完成100多對Hz.Well

to

Hz.Well

Precision(<10

m)水平井井眼的距離精度+/-

2%

(10

–

20

cm)+/-

5%

(25

-

50

cm)Operational

Simplicity

配套設(shè)施MWD’s

can

handle

MWDAdditionalspecialistreq’d其他專家Signal

Isolation

信號隔離No

impact

無影響Impact

of

motor

and

bit

freq.受鉆頭和馬達的影響NPT

due

to

re-shots

重復(fù)測量的時間2

–

3

minutesWipedepthintervalrequired交叉深度段需要Multiple

Casing

Strings

套管串的影響Calibratedforallcasingscenarios標定所有的管串Reductioninsignalstrength降低信號的強度Operating

Temperature

Range

作業(yè)溫度Maximum

of

1400

C最高Maximum

of

850

C最高Redrill/In-fill

Well

Ranging

重鉆/加密井距Preferred

首選Not

Preferred

(casing/temp)非首選（套管/溫度）Vertical

Well

to

Hz.Well

Precision

直井到水平井精度距離Max

25m

range

最大25米Range

beyond

25m

大于25米*12Any

Application

where

one

well

bore

must

be

accurately

referenced

to

anotherSAGD

Well

PairSAGD

Observation

wellsCoal

Bed

Methane

De-gasifying

wellsWell

Bore

to

Well

Bore

intersection

wellsWhere

is

it

used?應(yīng)用范圍？Accurately

referencing

two

well

bores

精確地參照兩個井眼Any

application

where

one

well

bore

must

be

accuratelyreferencedby

another.一口井必須精確地參考另外一口井進行作業(yè)SAGD

Well

Pair

成對SAGD井SAGD

Observation

Wells

SAGD觀測井Coal

Bed

Methane

De-gasifying

wells

煤層氣除氣井Well

bore

to

Well

Bore

intersection

wells

井眼之間的交叉*13The

advantages

–Sperry

representative

on

rig

for

first

job

onlyEasy

local

maintenanceNotes

–Initiates

correction

at

0.2

degrees

inclinationBit

driven

by

GeoForce?

motorDesigned

for

limited

rotationNo

particular

bit

pressure

drop

requiredSperry

representative

on

rig

for

first

job

onlyCheck

shots

if

required

by

anything

from

Totco

to

LWDEasy

local

maintenanceHole

sizes

12

?”

to

~20”,

changeable

on

rig.First

commercialtools

available

Q406.Where

is

it

used?應(yīng)用范圍？Steam

Assisted

Gravity

Drainage

(SAGD)蒸汽輔助泄油Steam

Assisted

Gravity

Drainage

is

a

production

method

used

to

increaserecoverable

reserves

from

heavy

oil

&

bitumen

reserves蒸汽輔助泄油用于重油或瀝青油藏的增產(chǎn)開發(fā)Improve

Recovery

Factors

提高采收率Cold

Production

5-15%冷油藏5-15%CSS

17-25%(single

well)CSS

17-25%(單井)SAGD

70

to

80%

SAGD70-80%Increase

Production

rates

提高產(chǎn)量Use

heat

to

mobilize

slow

moving

heavy

oil

利用加熱驅(qū)動重油緩慢流動Production

Rates

of

500–1500

BBL

per

day

每天產(chǎn)量500–1500

BBL*14Heavy

Oil

Drilling

Experience重油鉆井經(jīng)驗*

Sperry

Drilling

Services

is

a

leader

in

heavy

oil

drilling

exp

worldwide是世界范圍內(nèi)重油鉆井經(jīng)驗的先導者Located

in

many

parts

of

the

world

including

Canada,Venezu

Indonesia,Russia,China

遍布世界的許多地方:加拿大,委內(nèi)瑞印度尼西亞,俄羅斯,中國Technology

Experience

技術(shù)經(jīng)驗Conventional

heavy

oil

常規(guī)重油開采Multilaterals

for

heavy

oil

多分枝重油開采Steam-Assisted

Gravity

Drainage(SAGD)熱蒸汽重力瀉油(SAGDWell

intersections

and

complex

well

geometries

交叉井和復(fù)雜面井15Out

of

all

the

SAGD

pairs

drilled,

92%

have

been

drilled

by

Halliburton

–

Sperry

Drilling

Services.

A

small

handful

of

other

wells

have

beendrilled

by

other

companiesSAGD

Statistics

SAGD作業(yè)統(tǒng)計*380

-

400

SAGD

pairs

drilled

worldwide世界范圍內(nèi)鉆了大約380-400口SAGD成對井,分別由以下公司完成:86.0%

–

Halliburton

–

Sperry

Drilling

Services9.0%

–

Precision

Drilling

–

Computalog5.0%

–

Directional

Plus

–

(Independent)0.0%

–

Baker

Hughes

InteQ0.5%

–

Schlumberger

–

Anadrill16This

project

is

currently

being

planned

as

the

longest

toe-to-toe

well

intersection.

Because

of

the

distance

and

depthinvolved,

acombinationofsurvey

accuracy,

declination

monitoring

and

geological

control

techniques

will

be

used

to

get

the

two

wells

in

range

to

be

intersected.Once

the

wells

are

in

range,

magnetic

ranging

techniques

will

be

used

to

intersect

the

wells.Sperry

Drilling

Services

Toe-to-Toe

Intersection

–

Can*Sperry鉆井服務(wù)公司的水平井終端與終端相交–加拿大Completed

October

2004完鉆時間：2004年十月Wellheads:

3,000

m

apart井口相隔：3,000

mFormations:

1,500

m

deep底層深度：1,500

mAccomplished

using:應(yīng)用的技術(shù):Survey

accuracy

and

real-time

magneticdeclination

monitoring精確測量和實時磁偏角監(jiān)測Geological

control

to

control

TVD地質(zhì)導向控制垂深Sweeping

the

boreholes

across

each

other

until

they

intersect相交后互相清洗井眼17*

Two

SAGD

injection

wells,

H314-2

&

H313-2

,

were

successfully

drilled

in

PanLiaohe

Oilfield

from

19th

June

to

19th

July

2008.2008年6月19日至7月19日，在遼河油田成功地完成了兩口SAGD的作業(yè)

Halliburton

provided

EMWD,

MGT,

ABI

Motor

in

both

the

12-1/4”

and

8-1/2”Hole

Sections.

哈里伯頓公司提供了12-1/4”和8-1/2”井眼的EMWD,MGT和ABI導向馬達技術(shù)服務(wù)Halliburton

also

provided

well

planning

and

anti-collision

services哈里伯頓同時也提供了注汽井的軌跡設(shè)計和施工過程中的防碰作業(yè)Total

operation

14.5

days,

10

days

ahead兩口井的總作業(yè)時間14.5天，比設(shè)計提前了10天SAGD

in

China

SAGD在中國18SAGD

in

China

SAGD在中國

Halliburton

equipment

operated

with

very

littledown

time,

and

data

accuracy

was

tested

with

therequest

of

re-shooting

MGT

surveys.

All

of

whichwere