名詞與冠詞第二節(jié)冠詞的基本用法課件 新人教版

第一p冠詞的基本用法冠詞分為不定冠詞(a,an)、定冠詞(the)和零冠詞。一、不定冠詞的用法1指類人或事，相當于akindofAplaneisamachinethatcanfly.第一次提及某人某物，非特指2iAboyiswaitingforyou.3表示“每一”相當Westudyeighthoursa于every，oneday.表不“相冋”相當于thesame4Wearenearlyofanage.5用于人名前，表示不認識此人或與某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事AMr.SmithcametovisityouwhenyouwereoutThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.acoupleof,abit,once6用于同定詞組中uponatime，inahurry,haveawalk，manyatime用于quite，rather,many,half，what，such之后7Thisroomisratherabigone.用J*so(as,too,how)+形容詞之后8Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.二、定冠詞的用法表示“一家人”或“夫婦”6theGreens，theWangs用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞、副詞比較級、最iHj級前7lieisthetallerofthetwochildren.川于國家、黨派等theUnitedStates,the8以及江河湖海、山CommunistPartyofChina,川群島的名詞前theFrench9用于表示發(fā)明物Thecompasswasinventedin的單數(shù)名詞前China.101112在逄十的復數(shù)數(shù)1詞之而，指世紀的inthe19905s某個年代川于表示單位的名詞前1hiredthecarbythehour.用于方位名詞，身體部位名詞，及表Hepattedmeontheshoulder.示時W的詞組前三、零冠詞的用法零冠詞就是名詞前不用冠詞，有以下幾種情況:1專舍名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、人名、地名等名詞前BeijingUniversity,Jack,China,love,air2名詞翁有this，my,whose,some，no,each,every等限制時1wantthisbook,notthatone./Whosepurseisthis?3季甘、月份、星期、1假日、一日二餐前March,Sunday,NationalDay，spring4表示職位、身份、頭銜的名詞1/x刖LincolnwasmadePresidentofAmerica.5學科、語言、球類、棋類名詞Helikesplaying、刖football/chess.與by連用表7」彳交通丁具的名詞前6bytrain,byair，byland7以and連接的兩個相對的名husbandandwite?knife詞并用時andfork,dayandnightHorsesareusefulanimals.[81表示泛指的復數(shù)名詞前四、近四年廣東高考語法填空中每年都出現(xiàn)了冠詞的考點2007:theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto_______smalltownsome20kilometresaway.【答案】a表示不確指概念，故用不定冠詞。2008：

Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintlieSongDynasty(960—1279)wasveryanxioustohelp______ricecropgrowupquickly.【答案】his/the此處有“helpsb.dosth.”，所以，不i亥再填入其他動詞，而選用his/the特指“他自己的莊稼”。2009：

Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot_______pleasantexperience.【答案】a表示“一次”愉快的經(jīng)歷。2010:Ayoungman，whiletravellingthroughadesert，cameacrossaspringofclearwater*______waterwassweet.__【答案】The這里的water就是特指前句提到的aspringofwater,第二次出現(xiàn)用定冠詞The。由此我們可以看出冠詞足高考語法填空的重要考點之一，根據(jù)語法填空的特點，我們可以根據(jù)以下幾個規(guī)則去填冠詞：1）可數(shù)名詞沒有用復數(shù)，其前而一定要填一個限定詞（一般是代詞和冠詞）；2）名詞前面如果是填詞，一般是填限定詞；如果是變詞，當然是把所給詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~；3）填限定詞時我們一般是根據(jù)意義“一個”“那個”還是“某人的”來判定：4）上而的一些固定用不定冠詞或定冠詞的除外。............................一、用適當?shù)墓谠~填空。1?

TVs__________goodfeelingforpeopletoadmiretheShanghaiWorldExpothatgivesthempleasure.2.Ifwesitnear_________frontofthebus，werllhave_________betterview.3.Thevisitorsherearegreatlyimpressedbythefeetthatpeoplefromallwalksoflifeareworkinghardfor_________newJiangsu.4.Thereareover58,000rockyobjectsin__________about900ofwhichcouldfelldownonto_________earth.space,5.Firstimpressionsarethemostlasting.Afterall，youneverget_________secondchancetomake_________firstimpression.6,Everythingcomeswith_________price;thereisnosuch_________thingasfieelunchintheworld.7-Manylifestylepatternsdosuch___________greatharmtohealththattheyactuallyspeedup___________weakeningofthehumanbody.8.In__________mostcountries,auniversitydegreecangiveyou__________flyingstartinlife.【答案】1.agoodfeeling并非特指，故用a5句意為“人們喜歡N每世博會給它們的快樂，這足一種不錯的感覺”agoodfeeling,一種不錯的感覺。2.the;a句意應(yīng)為“如果我們坐在公共汽車的前部，就會有更好的視野?！北硎尽澳晨諉杻?nèi)部的前部”時，front前要加定冠詞the;haveagoodview足習慣搭0H，表示“視野開闊，視野良好”之意。3.a在Jiangsu前有形容詞new因此，應(yīng)加?ainja表示一個全新的江蘇。4./;the句意：太空中有超過58,000的巖狀物體，其中大約900個有可能掉到地球上。考杏始詞。第一空inspace是固定短語，不用冠詞，第二空名詞earth屬于獨一無二事物的名詞，其前必須用定冠詞。5.a;a很多同學錯在第二個空tomakeafirstimpression上了。在做題的時候不夠細心，因為此題的句意是：第一印象是最持久的?？傊阌肋h不可能有第二個機會去再給別人留一次第一印象。木題強調(diào)的重點是第二個機會asecondchance；第二次留一個第一印象，makeafirstimpression,first為干擾因素。若句意改變?yōu)?你沒有機會去改變你的第一印象Younevergetasecondchancetochangethefirstimpressiono

此處再填the合情合理了。6.a；

/price意思是“代價”，為可數(shù)名詞，第二空前邊^(qū)fno，后面的名詞不用冠詞。7./;the句意：許多生活方式對人類的健康有害，他們加速了人類身體的衰退。本題考杳冠詞，“對……有害”用短語“doharmto”表示，中間無需冠詞；之后的weakening是由動詞的ing形式表示抽象的名詞，表達一種概念、狀況時需要加ao上the。8J;amostcountries此處表泛指，most前不加定冠詞the。第二個空處應(yīng)為“一個高起點的開始”，故用.:、閱讀下面的短文，用適當?shù)墓谕蚶ㄌ杻?nèi)所給詞的適當形式填空。ASandy’stripwaswritteno￡Heencountered1,ushipwreck.Theshipwaswreckedontherock.Therescuingteamfoundthewreckof2.

the

ship.Sandywrenchedhimselffromthetwiningseaweeds.Buthiswristwaswoundedheavilybyarock.Arescuingpersonwrappedabigwraproundhimtokeepwann.Someapassengersdiedofthewreck,sosome3survivors(survive)putsomewreathesontheseasurfece.Sandyhadbeenputoutofworkformonthssincethewreckbecauseofhiswoundedwristlater，hefoundajobin,computercompany.As4.______computerfan,SandyworshipedthworldwidefamousBillGatesverymuch.Sohecherishedtheopportunit'verymuch.Hewasalwaysatworkin5.lheworkshop.Hekepthiwordtodohisjobwelkinreturn,hissalaryworkedup.Oneday，thecomputersystemwentwrong.Inotherwords,thesystembroke.Thisworkedup6.Sandy's

(Sandy)attention.Hethoughtitthatsomeviruscausedthis.Whatvirusintheworldwasit?Hewrinkleduphisforeheadinpeip1exity.Later,Sandyfoundoutitwas7.uwormvirus.Hecheckedtheprogramwordbywordanddecidedtorewriteit.Hethoughtitworthwhiletohave8.______try.Finally,Sandyworkedoutthe9.solution

(solve)!Inaword,heprovedhimselfaworthycomputer10.programmer

(program)onceagain.Hewasmoreandmoreworthyinhiscolleagues'eyes.BItwasrathercoldthatday,fivebelowzero.Wepaid1.h

yearlyvisittomyuncle.Myunclelivedin2.thetemperatezone.Togettohishouse，weneededtopass3.uzigzagpathandcrossedseveralzebracrossings.Weparkedourcarinmy4,uncle's

(uncle)yard.Myunclehadhisyouthfulspiritat65.Hewasfatandslow,andyetpeoplelikedhim.Buthehadn'tmamedasyet.Myuncleshowedgreatzealtowelcomeus.Wenoticedsomethingwrongwithhisleg.Heexplainedhewasgoing