湖北省武漢市為明實驗學(xué)校八年級英語現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)人教新目標(biāo)版

現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)

presentperfect現(xiàn)在完成時1.過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等狀語連用。2.過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，常與for或since引起的一段時間狀語連用。動詞構(gòu)成：have/has+v過去分詞havebreakfastIhavejusthadmybreakfast.(現(xiàn)在我不餓)I’mnothungrynowmovedherein2004IstilllivehereIhavelivedherefor8years.Ihavelivedheresince2004/8yearsago.nowpastHeisfull

.Hehashadabigbreakfast.1.過去某一時間點發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響。功能：IhavelearnedEnglishfortenyears2.過去某一時間點發(fā)生的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或還將持續(xù)下去。助動詞否定haven’thasn’t疑問Haveyou…?Hashe…?

WhatarethekeywordsforthePresentPerfectTense?A:______yourbrother______hishomeworkyet?(finish)B:Yes,he‘salreadydoneit.Key

wordsHasfinishedyetalready注意：already用于肯定句，

yet用于疑問句和否定句中A:_______youever_______tothepark?(be)B:No,never.Key

wordsHavebeenyetalreadyevernever注意：ever曾經(jīng)用于疑問句中

never從不帶有否定意義I______just________thedesk,youcantakeittoyourclassroom.(mend)Key

wordshavemendedyeteverneverjustalreadyJust剛剛與現(xiàn)在完成時連用一般置句中Justnow剛才與一般過去時連用Tom___________inthefactorysinceheleftschooltenyearsago.(work)Key

wordshasworkedyeteverneversincealreadysince后面帶過去時間或有一般過去時的句子A:Howlong______you________inthisschool?(teach)B:For6years.Key

wordshavetaughtyeteverneversinceforalready+一段時間since:(自…以來)1)since+時間點He

has

stayed

here

since

5

o’clock.2)since+時間段+agoHe

has

stayed

here

since

5

hours

ago.3)since+從句She

has

taught

English

since

he

came

here.

for:(長達(dá)）for+時間段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for的用法:

Takenotes

用for或since填空Mr.BrownhashadhisTV________15years.I’vetakendrivinglessons_________lastmonth.Mysisterhashadhercellphone________amonth.Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme___________mybirthday.Wehaven’tusedourcar________alongtime.Shehasn’thadagoodcupofcoffee_________years.Tomhaswornglasses_________hewas7yearsold.forsinceforsinceforforsinceWe_______only____________100treessofar.(answer)Key

wordshaveplantedyeteverneversinceforjustalreadysofar到目前為止Key

wordsyeteverneversinceforjustbeforealreadysofarinthepast10yearstwice也可以是其他表示次數(shù)的詞howlonghave(has)been和have(has)gone的區(qū)別Wherehashebeen?Wherehashegone?have(has)been:表示曾經(jīng)到過某地，人現(xiàn)在不在某地。have(has)gone：表示已經(jīng)去過某地了，人現(xiàn)在在去某地的路上或已經(jīng)在某地了。翻譯：他去哪兒的？（他已經(jīng)回來了）他去哪兒了？（他不在這里）練：ShehasbeentoShanghai.ShehasgonetoShanghai.實義動詞分為:1)瞬間動詞(強(qiáng)調(diào)動作)

2)延續(xù)動詞(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))

瞬間動詞joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意:瞬間動詞不能和時間段連用.Payattention注意1.現(xiàn)在完成時句中常見的時間狀語A.表示從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,不能是具體過去時間

(1).for+表示一段時間的短語

(2).since+表示過去時間點的詞語

(3).since+表示過去時間的時間狀語從句eg.Ihavebeenateacher______ayear.Hehasbeenatthisschool_______1992.Wehavelearned1,000Englishwords_______wecametothisschool.forsincesince

B.just,already,yet,before/ever,never

有此類副詞時,常強(qiáng)調(diào)動作完成,不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的持續(xù).

eg.Haveyou_____beentoJapan?Ihave_____finishedmyhomework.Ihavefinishedmyhomework______.

Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomework____.everjustalreadyyet2.區(qū)分短暫性動詞與持續(xù)性動詞.

表示短暫性(瞬間性)的動詞在現(xiàn)在完成時的句中不能和一段時間連用.短暫性的動詞如：come，go，join，leave，buy等，在完成時態(tài)中不能與for,since短語或Howlong等引起的時間狀語連用。Ihavebought

thispenfortwomonths.Ihavehadthispenfortwomonths.Howlonghaveyou_____thispen.hadTheteacherhasleft.Theteacherhasbeenawayforhalfanhour.(beaway)method1:

動作狀態(tài)diebeoverleaveborrow/buyarrivebeginend/finishjoinmarrykeep/hadbeawaybeherebeon(上演）bemarriedbeinbedeadPleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectShehasboughtthecomputerfortwoyears.hadbuyhave/hashadPleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectHowlonghaveyoucometotheUnitedStates？beenincometohave/hasbeenin

buyhave/hashadPleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectAnnhasgonetoChinasincethreemonthsago.beenincometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeninPleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectMybrotherhasjoinedthearmyforfiveyears.beeninbeenasoldiercometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectIhaveleftShanghaifor3days.beenawayfor3days.cometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

leave

have/hasbeenaway

PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectIhaveborrowedthedictionarysince3daysago.keptcometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

leave

have/hasbeenaway

borrow

have/haskeptPleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectThefilmhasbegunfor10minutes.beenoncometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

leave

have/hasbeenaway

borrow

have/haskeptbegin

have/hasbeenon

PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectTheconcerthasfinishedforhalfanhour.beenovercometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

leave

have/hasbeenaway

borrow

have/haskeptbegin

have/hasbeenon

finish

have/hasbeenover

PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectHisdoghasdiedfortwoyears.beendeadcometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

leave

have/hasbeenaway

borrow

have/haskeptbegin

have/hasbeenon

finish

have/hasbeenover

die

have/hasbeendead

canyoudistinguish?have

beento

have

goneto

havebeenin去過某地已經(jīng)回來常與ever,never,once,twice,連用

一直留在某地與for/since連用用howlong提問去了某地還沒回來不與只用于第三人稱

Hersister_____________Australia,Sheleftthismorning.hasgoneto

canyoudistinguish?have/hasbeento

have/hasgoneto

have/hasbeenin去過常與ever,never,once,twice,連用在…與時間段連用用howlong提問去了說話時某人不在只用于第三人稱

A:WhereisBob?B:He____________Japanwithhissister.hasgoneto

canyoudistinguish?have/hasbeento

have/hasgoneto

have/hasbeenin去過常與ever,never,once,twice,連用在…與時間段連用用howlong提問去了說話時某人不在只用于第三人稱

A:Howlong____you_______China?B:I_________herefor3years.havebeenhavebeenincanyoudistinguish?have/hasbeento

have/hasgoneto

have/hasbeenin去過常與ever,never,once,twice,連用在…與時間段連用用howlong提問去了說話時某人不在只用于第三人稱

A:_____youever________thecity?B:No,never.Havebeentonowpastfuture一般過去時現(xiàn)在完成時一般過去時表示的是純粹在過去發(fā)生的事情現(xiàn)在完成時表示的是在過去某個時間開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作/狀態(tài),或者發(fā)生在過去卻對現(xiàn)在造成的影響

現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的比較

Isawthisfilmyesterday.

（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動作發(fā)生過了。）Ihaveseenthisfilm.

（強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。