2023屆高三英語閱讀拓展訓練6：土樓（含解析）

高中英語閱讀拓展訓練6：土樓

閱讀訓練：閱讀短文，從題中所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

Tulou

Tulou,aspecialresidentialarchitectureofFujianProvince,wasincludedontheUNESCO'sWorldHeritage

Listduringthe32ndsessionoftheWorldHeritageCommitteeinQuebec,Canada.

Inthefourthcentury,HanChineselivingintheCentralPlainsareabegantomigrate（遷移）south,gradually

gatheringinFujianandformingtheHakkacommunities.Asadefenceagainstenemies,theHakkaschosetolive

incompact（緊湊的）communities,andthetulouwastheirpreferredhouses.Tensofthousandsofsuchearthen

structureswereconstructedinFujianProvince.

Mosttulousaretobefoundinthevalleys,surroundedbyhighmountains,andsomeareinthedepthsofthe

greatmountains.Mostarethreetofourstoreyshigh,andlooklikecircularblockhouses（堡壘）.Roomsonthefirst

floorareusedaskitchens,roomsonthesecondfloorareusedasbarns（谷倉）,androomsonthethirdandfourth

floorsareforbedroomsandlivingrooms.Fordefensivepurposes,theroomsonthefirstfloorhavenowindows.

Rawmaterialsforthetulouwereobtainedlocally.Theirmainbuildingmaterialwasamixtureofclay,sand,

limeandwater,andeggwhites,brownsugarandricewaterwereaddedasadhesiveagents（黏合齊!J）.Itwasthen

mixedtoformthewalls.Oncetheydried,thewallsweresohardthatdrivinganailintothemwouldhavebeen

difficult.Firbranches,whichareextremelystronganddonotrot,wereusedtostrengthenthem,andmany

centurieslatertheyhaveremainedtheiroriginallook.

Tulousarelocatedinaregionwhereearthquakeshappenfrequently,andtheircircularconstructionhelps

themresisttheregularshocks.

TheprovendesigneveninspiredonefamousPeruvianarchitect,whopaidseveralvisitstoYongding,tobuild

atuloubackhome.Notlongafter,anearthquakestruckonly10kilometersaway,andwhileallthehousesaround

theearthenbuildingfelldown,histulouremained.

1.Fromthepassage,weknowthattulou.

A.isaspecialresidentialarchitectureofHanChineseinFujianeventoday

B.wasoncetheplacewheretheHakkaschosetolivetogether

C.isalsomodernpeople'spreferredhouses

D.lookslikecircularblockhousesbuteasytofalldownintheearthquake

2.Fromthethirdparagraph,wecaninferthat.

A.mosttulousaretobefoundinurbanarea

B.Hakkasmightliveanorganizedandharmoniouslife

C.peoplelivedonthesecondfloorinthetulou

D.nowindowsareonthefirstfloortokeepthetuloustrong

3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.HakkasbuilttulouswhentheylivedintheCentralPlainsarea.

B.Rawmaterialsforthetulouwereobtainedfromfaraway.

C.Itisdifficulttodigaholeintothewallsofthetulou.

D.Firbranchesmayhelpthemresisttheregularshocks.

4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.OneofUNESCO'sWorldHeritageList

B.TheFunctionofTulous

C.YongdingCountyandtheHakkas

D.TheSpecialEarthenArchitectureofFujian

變式訓練1：語法填空

在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式并說明原因。

Tulou

Tulou,aspecialresidentialarchitectureofFujianProvince,wasincludedontheUNESCO'sWorldHeritage

Listduringthe32ndsessionoftheWorldHeritageCommitteeinQuebec,Canada.

Inthefourthcentury,HanChinese1.(live)intheCentralPlainsareabegantomigrate(遷移)

south,2.(gradual)gatheringinFujianandformingtheHakkacommunities.Asadefenceagainst

enemies,theHakkas3.(choose)toliveincompact(緊湊的)communities,andthetulouwastheir

preferredhouses.Tensofthousandsofsuchearthenstructures4.(construct)inFujianProvince.

Mosttulousaretobefoundinthevalleys,5.(surround)byhighmountains,andsomeareinthe

depthsofthegreatmountains.Mostarethreetofourstoreyshigh,andlooklikecircularblockhouses(堡壘).

Roomsonthefirstfloorareused6.kitchens,roomsonthesecondfloorareusedasbams(谷倉),and

roomsonthethirdandfourthfloorsareforbedroomsandlivingrooms.For7.(defense)purposes,the

roomsonthefirstfloorhavenowindows.

Rawmaterialsforthetulouwereobtainedlocally.Theirmainbuildingmaterialwasa8.(mix)of

clay,sand,limeandwater,andeggwhites,brownsugarandricewaterwereaddedasadhesiveagents(黏合劑J).It

wasthenmixedtoformthewalls.Oncetheydried,thewallsweresohard9.drivinganailintothem

wouldhavebeendifficult.Firbranches,10.areextremelystronganddonotrot,wereusedto11.

(strong)them,andmanycenturieslatertheyhaveremainedtheiroriginallook.

Tulousarelocatedinaregion12.earthquakeshappenfrequently,andtheircircularconstruction

helpsthemresisttheregularshocks.

TheprovendesigneveninspiredonefamousPeruvianarchitect,13.paidseveralvisitsto

Yongding,tobuildatuloubackhome.Notlongafter,anearthquake14.(strike)only10kilometers

away,andwhileallthehousesaroundtheearthenbuilding15.(fall)down,histulouremained.

變式訓練2：翻譯句子

1.在四世紀時，居住在中原地區(qū)的漢族人開始向南遷移，逐漸聚集在福建，形成客家社群。

2.數(shù)以萬計的這種土制結構在福建省建成。

3.大部分的土樓位于山谷中，周圍都是高山，有些在大山深處。

4.杉樹的枝條非常強壯，不會腐爛，可以對土樓起到加固的作用。

5.土樓位于地震頻發(fā)地區(qū)，它們的圓形構造有助于抗擊頻繁的震動。

語篇解讀：

本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了福建特殊的住宅建筑——土樓。

參考譯文：土樓

土樓是福建省一種特別的住宅建筑，在加拿大魁北克舉行的第三十二屆世界遺產委員會上，被列入聯(lián)

合國教科文組織的《世界遺產名錄》。

在四世紀時，居住在中原地區(qū)的漢族人開始向南遷移，逐漸聚集在福建，形成客家社群。為防御敵人，

客家人選擇住在緊湊的社區(qū)里，土樓是他們首選的房子。數(shù)以萬計的這種土制結構在福建省建成。

大部分的土樓位于山谷中，周圍都是高山，有些在大山深處。大多數(shù)有三、四層樓高，看起來像圓形

碉堡。一樓的房間用作廚房，二樓的房間用作谷倉，三樓和四樓的房間是臥室和起居室。出于防御目的，

一樓的房間沒有窗戶。

土樓的原料可以就地取材0它們的主要建筑材料是黏土、沙子、石灰和水的混合物，并加入蛋清、紅

糖和米湯作為黏合劑，然后把它混合砌成墻。一旦它們干了，墻就變得如此地堅硬，以至于人們很難將釘

子釘進土墻?杉樹的枝條非常強壯，不會腐爛，可以對土樓起到加固的作用，許多世紀以后它們也仍然保

持原來的樣子。

土樓位于地震頻發(fā)地區(qū)，它們的圓形構造有助于抗擊頻繁的震動。

這個經過驗證的設計甚至啟發(fā)了一位著名的秘魯建筑師，他幾次訪問永定，回家后也建造了一個土樓。

不久之后，10公里外發(fā)生了一場地震，周圍的房屋都倒塌了，他的土樓卻炭然不倒。

詞匯積累：

defencen.防御constructvt.建造strengthen-A力口強.增強

閱讀訓練參考答案：

1.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句話“Asadefenceagainstenemies,theHakkaschosetoliveincompact

communities,andthetulouwastheirpreferredhouses.”可知，為了防御敵人，客家人選擇共同居住在土樓里。

故答案為B。

2.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句話“Mosttulousaretobefoundinthevalleys,surroundedbyhigh

mountains,andsomeareinthedepthsofthegreatmountains.”可知，土樓主要是建在四面環(huán)山的山谷里，有

些是建在深山里，可排除選項A；根據(jù)第三句”...roomsonthethirdandfourthfloorsareforbedroomsand

livingrooms.“可知，第三層是臥室，人們住在第三層，可排除C；根據(jù)第三段最后一