英語(yǔ)四級(jí)寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤分析和高分作文課件

英語(yǔ)四級(jí)寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤分析和高分作文

作文如何才能及格？——常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤分析一.防止無(wú)意義失分字?jǐn)?shù)120-150語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤（IisRoman）拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤（inportant）以上三類(lèi)低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤，讓閱卷者對(duì)你作文的印象大打折扣。二.得無(wú)意義的分13秒總體評(píng)分法（印象分）誤區(qū)“內(nèi)容好=高分”正確的寫(xiě)法應(yīng)該是：書(shū)寫(xiě)整潔三段分明段首句強(qiáng)悍用外語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作文，最容易犯的錯(cuò)誤是什么？一.語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤（一）句子結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤

1.主從句疊置

(1)Therearemoreandmorestudentsliketousethecomputer.(2)Therearestillmanyproblemsshouldbenotedandresolved.whothat2.簡(jiǎn)單句疊置Ilikechattingonlineverymuch,andIgotothenetbaralmosteveryweekend.so3.從句疊置Asisknowntoallthatcomputersplayanimportantroleinmanyfieldsofourlife.Itisknowntoallthatcomputersplayanimportantroleinmanyfieldsofourlife.,4.句子成分缺失Ifworkhard,wewillsurelybesuccessful.Workinghard,wewillsurelybesuccessful.we5.語(yǔ)序錯(cuò)誤1.Whycollegestudentsspendmoreandmoretimeonthecomputer?2.Ioftenwonderwherehavetheygottheirmoney.dohave6.語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤1.Ihaveexcitedseveraldaysatthenewsthatyouwillcome.2.Mostofthestudentssatisfywiththeserviceinthedinghall.beenaresatisfied(二).動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤1.時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤

Manypeoplethoughtthattheinternetwillbemoreusefulinthefuture.think2.單復(fù)數(shù)錯(cuò)誤1.Wisemanseekopportunitiesratherthanwaitforthem.Awisemanseeksopportunitiesratherthanwaitforthem.2.Someoneareafraidthatcomputersmaycontrolmeninthefuture.menpeople3.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤1.Doexerciseinthemorningisgoodforone’shealth.2.Havingstudiedinourschoolfor3years,thecanteenservicehaschangedalot.DoingIfindthat（三）代詞錯(cuò)誤1.Wecanusecomputersindoingeverythingyoulike.2.Acollegestudentshouldbeabletodotheirwashingontheirown.weCollegestudents（四）冠詞錯(cuò)誤1.Horseisanusefulanimal.2.TheexamwillbeheldintheDecember,2004.A\Thehorse(五）詞性錯(cuò)誤1.Iwishyoucanconsidermysuggests.2.Ifapersonwantstosuccess,hemustlearntoenduresufferingsandsetbacks.suggestions.succeed二.用詞錯(cuò)誤1.Studentsmustknowhowtoapplyacomputer.2.PeoplecantouchmanynewthingsontheInternet.3.Thepurposeofthisletteristoreactsomeopinionsontheserviceinthedininghall.operate\uselearnexpress三.表達(dá)習(xí)慣錯(cuò)誤1.Now6000yuancanbuyaP4computer.Now6000yuanisenoughforyoutobuyaP4computer.NowyoucanbuyaP4computerfor6000yuan.2.Aroomoftenlives6-8students.Ina三.表達(dá)習(xí)慣錯(cuò)誤3.Ithinkthisgreatchangehasthreereasons.Ithinktherearethreereasonsforthisgreatchange.4.Thereasonforthisisbecausesomepeoplewanttoearnplentyofmoneywithoutworkinghard.that四.標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)及大小寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤1.However,everycoinshastwosides,Ithinkthesurroundingsinourcanteenarethebestamongalluniversities.2.Themanwasracingdownthestreet.Becausehewaslatefortheclass.ThebestEnglishfilminmyeyesis《King》.coin.b,KingInternetorNewspapers?第一段：→Whenpeoplefacethequestion“howtogetinformation”,differentpeopleholddifferent（能換詞不）views.(有個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句，還不錯(cuò)。但是更精練的，有品位的可用分詞---Facingwithquestionof“howtoobtaininformation)

→Somearguethatitisagoodwayofgettinginformationtouseinternet.Because(這兩個(gè)句子應(yīng)當(dāng)是一個(gè)句子)it‘sconvenientandspeedful(用詞錯(cuò)誤）.（Somearguethatitisagoodwaytogetinformationbyutilizinginternetforitisconvenientandspeedy)→Therearerichresourcesininternet.It（能用定語(yǔ)從句不）canprovidevariousnewstousintime.(Internet,withrichresources,canconsiderablyprovidevariousnewstousintime.)（或Intime,withrichresources,caninternetconsiderablyprovidevariousnewstous.）第二段→Howeverothersstillthinkthatweshouldlearnrecent(current或recently-occured)newsfromnewspapers.→Fornewspapersisanthoritativeandcheap.Especially,it'sappropriatefortheoldwhocan'toperatecomputer.(可以變成一個(gè)句子Howeverothersholdstheoppositeviewthatthelatestinformationcouldbelearnedthroughpressorpublicationsforthey,asanauthoritiveyetcheapmeanstogaininformation,arehighlyappropriateforpeopleespeciallyfortheoldwhoarenotabletooperatecomputer.)低分作文的特征語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤較多Chinglish句型過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單啰嗦如何避免低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤1.寫(xiě)完整的句子典型錯(cuò)誤一：Jinjinholdingthetorchasifthatisherlife.1.寫(xiě)完整的英文句典型錯(cuò)誤二：SomepeoplethinkweshouldresistCarrefour.Becauseaboycott（聯(lián)合抵制）willmaketheFrenchrealizethatChinesepeopleareangry.2.要有一定程度的省略典型錯(cuò)誤一：TibetwasapartofChina,TibetisapartofChina,andTibetwillalwaysbeapartofChina.省略要正確典型錯(cuò)誤二：ChinaYaoalwayshasandwillalwaysdohisbesttowinthegames.--ChinaYaohasalwaysdoneandwillcontinuetodohisbesttowinthegames.3.句號(hào)一定要用對(duì)JayChou’snewlyreleasedmovie’KungfuDunk’hashitthecinema,Iamgoingtoseeittomorrow.---JayChou’snewlyreleasedmovie‘KungfuDunk’hashitthecinemaandIamgoingtoseeittomorrow.---…h(huán)ashitthecinema.Iamgoingtoseeittomorrow.中層次作文水平語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤時(shí)有出現(xiàn)內(nèi)容不夠結(jié)構(gòu)性詞匯不夠明顯內(nèi)容填充住在大城市的好處和壞處advantagesThereasonwhyIprefertoliveinthebigcitiesisthattherearemorejobopportunities,educationopportunitiesandbetterlivingconditionsinthebigcitiesthaninthesmalltowns.disadvantagesButthecostfortheprivilegeoflivinginthecityisalsohigh.What'smore,thereismoregasandnoisepollutioninthecity.四級(jí)作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)14分檔切題。表達(dá)思想清楚，文字通順，連貫性較好。基本無(wú)語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。11分檔切題。表達(dá)思想清楚，文字連貫，但有少量語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。8分檔基本切題。表達(dá)思想比較清楚，文字尚連貫；但語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤較多，其中有少量的嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。5分檔基本切題。表達(dá)思想不夠清楚，連貫性差。有較多的嚴(yán)重語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。2分檔條理不清，思路紊亂，語(yǔ)言支離破碎或大部分句子均有錯(cuò)誤，且多數(shù)為嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。評(píng)分原則評(píng)分原則：CET作文題采用總體評(píng)分（GlobalScoring）方法。閱卷人員就總的印象給出獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)分（RewardScores），而不是按語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)的錯(cuò)誤數(shù)目扣分。從內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言?xún)蓚€(gè)方面對(duì)作文進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)判。內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一體。作文應(yīng)表達(dá)題目所規(guī)定的內(nèi)容，而內(nèi)容要通過(guò)語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)。要考慮作文是否切題，是否充分表達(dá)思想，也要考慮是否用英語(yǔ)清楚而和合適地表達(dá)思想，也就是要考慮語(yǔ)言上的錯(cuò)誤是否造成理解上的障礙。避免趨中傾向。該給高分給高分，包括滿分；該給低分給低分，包括零分。一名閱卷人員在所評(píng)閱的全部作文卷中不應(yīng)只給中間的幾種分?jǐn)?shù)。從以上評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和評(píng)分原則可以看出，寫(xiě)作要拿高分必須內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言并重。內(nèi)容上，要切題并充分表達(dá)主題。切題即寫(xiě)作圍繞主題，不跑題、不偏題，不寫(xiě)與主題無(wú)關(guān)的內(nèi)容。只要大家認(rèn)真審題，準(zhǔn)確把握作文主題與要求，切題不難。充分表達(dá)主題意即文章要涵蓋全部寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)，論證說(shuō)理充分（或描述準(zhǔn)確詳細(xì)、說(shuō)明透徹到位）。語(yǔ)言上，則要表意準(zhǔn)確、前后連貫、沒(méi)有或很少語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。另外，根據(jù)筆者掌握的改卷經(jīng)驗(yàn)，考生還需注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1.保持字跡工整美觀，盡量不涂改或少涂改，最好先列提綱，動(dòng)筆時(shí)想清楚再寫(xiě)，避免不必要的印象失分；2.心中有“數(shù)”，不少不多，避免不必要的字?jǐn)?shù)失分；3.突出重點(diǎn)部分，即開(kāi)頭、結(jié)尾和主體段的主題句。開(kāi)頭與結(jié)尾在表達(dá)到位的前提下，要盡量突出新意與高度，適當(dāng)使用高級(jí)句式；主體段則要做到主題句直截了當(dāng)、簡(jiǎn)潔鮮明，例證準(zhǔn)確有新意，邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，銜接自然；4.慎用模板與萬(wàn)能句式。如實(shí)在難以擺脫，應(yīng)注意使用得當(dāng)，使其符合主題，前后連貫自然。下表為“2010/06—2017/06四級(jí)作文真題”的統(tǒng)計(jì)表。

由上表可見(jiàn)，從2012年12月開(kāi)始，四級(jí)作文已擺脫給提綱的模式，寫(xiě)作要求通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的提示給出，這就要求考生懂得通過(guò)閱讀寫(xiě)作提示來(lái)把握寫(xiě)作主題、內(nèi)容與形式。就話題而言，四級(jí)寫(xiě)作主要涉及社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)、校園生活和日常生活。主題涵蓋了教育、環(huán)保、學(xué)習(xí)、就業(yè)、友情、手機(jī)、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)等。就體裁而言，四級(jí)寫(xiě)作體裁主要有三種：論說(shuō)文、描寫(xiě)文和應(yīng)用文。其中，論說(shuō)文有兩種特殊出題方式，圖畫(huà)和圖表。論說(shuō)文占大多數(shù)，是考查的重點(diǎn)，描寫(xiě)文與應(yīng)用文近年來(lái)比例有所提升，應(yīng)該引起足夠重視。應(yīng)用文在最近八年里分別于2012年12月，2016年6月，2017年6月出現(xiàn)了三次，分別是申請(qǐng)信、感謝信與廣告?？疾齑螖?shù)明顯增多，應(yīng)予以一定重視。大家應(yīng)了解常用的應(yīng)用文類(lèi)型與其寫(xiě)作特點(diǎn)與格式，如家信、求職信、倡議書(shū)、申請(qǐng)書(shū)、感謝信、祝賀信、邀請(qǐng)信、招聘啟事、銷(xiāo)售廣告等。高分作文詞匯準(zhǔn)確多樣句式復(fù)雜有力2個(gè)注意點(diǎn)1、寫(xiě)作中兩類(lèi)避免使用的單詞口語(yǔ)詞Youknow,wellheyman,whatup?gonnawanna生僻詞(也別用太大了，考官不認(rèn)識(shí)怎么辦）ItpaystoBeHonestYoushouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.1.當(dāng)前社會(huì)上存在許多不誠(chéng)實(shí)的現(xiàn)象。2.誠(chéng)實(shí)利人利己，做人應(yīng)該誠(chéng)實(shí)。單詞閃光

14分的作文前幾句Althoughhonestyisbelievedtobeavirtue,therearestilldishonestpeopleinoursociety.Forexample,somebusinessmensellfakeproducttotheirconsumers;somestudentscheatintheexams.評(píng)論：幾乎沒(méi)有犯錯(cuò)。首先語(yǔ)法沒(méi)有什么錯(cuò)誤。第一句用了個(gè)therebe句型，無(wú)比庸俗，但就是沒(méi)錯(cuò)。其次，這個(gè)句子當(dāng)中有一些閃光詞：1）fakeproduct假冒產(chǎn)品,fake用的很好。有的同學(xué)到現(xiàn)在還可能只會(huì)寫(xiě)badproduct;2)consumer有的同學(xué)不會(huì)這個(gè)詞，只知道buyer8分的作文Inourmodernsociallife,therearemanyexamplesaroundusshow

manypeoplearecheated.Advertisementscheatpeople,salesmencheatpeople,evenone'sclosestfriendscheathimorher.第一句有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。第二句說(shuō)廣告騙人，銷(xiāo)售人員騙人，這兩個(gè)人都用的是people.這不太單調(diào)和低級(jí)了嗎？是不是可以換成consumer或customer呢？換上這些詞就馬上有了閃光點(diǎn)第二個(gè)cheat可以改成fool.第三個(gè)cheat可以改成lieto

showingthat2、用詞準(zhǔn)確多樣一、準(zhǔn)確性比如在圖表類(lèi)作文當(dāng)中呢我們會(huì)經(jīng)常表達(dá)“…有很大的增長(zhǎng)”，很多同學(xué)啊會(huì)寫(xiě)成---abigincrease.請(qǐng)大家注意big不夠準(zhǔn)確，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)寫(xiě)成asharpincrease.平時(shí)多注意收集準(zhǔn)確、地道、多樣的用詞，尤其注意收集和使用搭配。當(dāng)然是從閱讀中收集。具體來(lái)說(shuō)，可以收集以下三種搭配。形容詞+名詞如asharpincrease動(dòng)詞+名詞如makeamistake,commitacrime,commitsuicide.動(dòng)詞+副詞如expandsharply/dramatically多樣性

A.用同義詞替代例1:A對(duì)B很重要.1）AisimportanttoB.2）Aplaysanimportantrole\partinB.3）AisofimportancetoB.4）Bcannotlive\develop\grow\survivewithoutA.5）AistoBwhatthefoundationistoaskyscraper\wateristofish.6）Aisessential/significant/crucial/critical/vitaltoB.7）TheimportanceofAtoBcanneverbeexaggerated\denied\ignored.

例2

，不同國(guó)家不同背景的人在不同場(chǎng)合有著不同的觀點(diǎn)。

→Differentpeoplewithdifferentpersonalbackgroundsindifferentcountrieshavedifferentopinionsondifferentoccasions.Different在不同場(chǎng)合的同義詞有unlike、dissimilar（不同的，不一樣的），distinct、separate（個(gè)別的，單獨(dú)的），various、assorted（各種各樣的，多樣的）這句話可以改為：→Differentpeoplewithunlikepersonalbackgroundsinvariouscountrieshavevaryingopinionsonchangedoccasions.這個(gè)句子用了這么多“不同的”，也實(shí)屬罕見(jiàn)啊。其實(shí)表達(dá)類(lèi)似意思還可以寫(xiě)成：People’sopiniondiffer/vary/divergeasto…例3：如今，越來(lái)越多的人將越來(lái)越多的時(shí)間花在了看越來(lái)越多的電視節(jié)目上Nowadays，moreandmorepeoplearespendingmoreandmoreleisuretimewatchingmoreandmoretelevisionprograms.建議改第一個(gè)moreandmore為arising/increasing/growingnumberof，第二個(gè)moreandmore為alion’sshareof（最大的份額），最后一組moreandmore可以改為：akaleidoscopeof(萬(wàn)花筒一般的)。例四：First-yearstudentsmayencounterdiscouragingproblemswhentheyenteruniversitiesontheveryfirstday.Forexample,first-yearstudentsareverylikelytogetlostastowherefirst-yearstudentscanfindcafeterias.thesenew-comers/thesefreshmen(同義詞)they(代詞)

使用上義詞或代詞避免重復(fù)上義詞就是表示類(lèi)概念的詞，下義詞表示屬概念，上義詞和下義詞之間的關(guān)系是：下義詞屬于上義詞。Theflowerbloomsinsidethegreenhouse,buttheflowerwitherswhentheflowerisputoutside.這句話出現(xiàn)了三個(gè)flower，可以將第二個(gè)flower改為它的上義詞plant，第三個(gè)改為it.有能力的話把小詞變成大詞考生在寫(xiě)作時(shí)，同樣的意思，可能有很多詞可以用，如果能夠在所有可能的同義詞的詞群中挑選出更有難度的詞，拔高用詞等級(jí)，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)可能得到更好的分?jǐn)?shù)。詞匯高級(jí)化范本Thedevelopmentof21stcenturyhasseenabigchangeinsocial,culturalandtechnologicalfields.Theadventof21stcenturyhaswitnessedaprofoundchangeinsocial,culturalandtechnologicalarenas.例1：Hebrokethewindowinhisanger.他一怒之下砸碎了窗戶。anger這個(gè)詞可以改為rage(大怒)或者fury(暴怒)，表達(dá)就更加豐富了，而閱卷老師也會(huì)覺(jué)得你用詞比較上檔次，畢竟rage,fury是大學(xué)以上的詞匯了。例2．Yoursuitcaseisratherheavy-whathaveyougotinit?你的手提箱很沉，里面都放了些什么啊？heavy在weighty面前就是小兒科了，更不用說(shuō)ponderous了，意思是“笨重的”，讀音是“胖得要死”，剛好聯(lián)想法記住。例3．Itisaverycoldnight.這天晚上很冷。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，cold跟freezing（滴水成冰的）沒(méi)有辦法比，還可以替換成為icy（冰冷的）、frosty

（冷得凍人的）。但是大家一定要注意用大詞要精準(zhǔn)，不然容易鬧笑話

最長(zhǎng)用的36組單詞例：認(rèn)為

Think,believe,insist,maintain,assert,conclude,deem,hold,argue,beconvinced,befirmlyconvinced,befullyconvinced優(yōu)勢(shì)：Advantage,merit,virtue,benefit,upside,strength重要的：Key,crucial,critical,important,significant,vital,substantial,indispensable,imperative急劇地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably句型閃光被動(dòng)優(yōu)先句子復(fù)雜（狂用定從，多用狀從）一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)倒裝一個(gè)虛擬被動(dòng)優(yōu)先大家要養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣隨便寫(xiě)做個(gè)主動(dòng)的句子都要考慮能不能改成被動(dòng)句給大家總結(jié)一下兩種情況下常用被動(dòng)句1、當(dāng)漢語(yǔ)用“人們、我們或有人”作主語(yǔ)Eg:原句：Weshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestostopvariousformsofpollution.變?yōu)椤鶨ffectivemeasuresshouldbetakentostopvariousformsofpollution.2、漢語(yǔ)中的無(wú)主句1）Whatshouldonedoinacaselikethis?→Whatshouldbedoneinacaselikethis?句子擴(kuò)展當(dāng)我們把詞匯的問(wèn)題解決了之后呢，我們必然面臨到一個(gè)問(wèn)題就是句子總也寫(xiě)不長(zhǎng)。你老用簡(jiǎn)單句沒(méi)有錯(cuò)。但是如果一點(diǎn)復(fù)雜句都沒(méi)有那么肯定不會(huì)有高分。添油加醋法

我畢業(yè)于交通大學(xué)，寫(xiě)成：IgraduatedfromJiaotongUniversity這樣的句子只是一個(gè)S＋V結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)單句，怎么辦？IgraduatedwithhonorsfromJiaotongUniversity,oneofthemostprestigiousuniversitiesinChina,in1999,whenIbecameanEnglishteacher.英語(yǔ)句子寫(xiě)作的基本思路：將中文信息還原為簡(jiǎn)單樸實(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)→按英語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)完成英語(yǔ)→按照英語(yǔ)修飾習(xí)慣進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展。拉長(zhǎng)主謂賓，加上定狀補(bǔ)例：Iloveyou.I,

,loveyou.I,

,loveyou

.I,

,

loveyou

.I,

withallmyheartandsoul,whichisnevergoingtochangeuntiltheendofthetime,loveyou,whoseeyesarefilledwithloveandencouragement,

whichhassupportedmeallthewayhere,truly,Mom.狂用定語(yǔ)從句定從的無(wú)限魅力Thegirlisaseniorstudent.Sheiselectedasthe“CampusBeauty“.定從Thegirl,whoiselectedasthe“CampusBeauty”,isaseniorstudent.定語(yǔ)從句ThestudentsarefromBodybuildingClub.BodybuildingClubisthebestclubintheuniversity.定語(yǔ)從句ThestudentsarefromBodybuildingClub，which

isthebestclubintheuniversity.Iboughtthehouse.---主句

whichoncebelongedtomyneighbor.---從1inwhichmyneighborhaslivedfor30years.---從2whichisoneofthemostbeautifulbuildingsinthetown.---從3Oneroomofwhichisusedasmyreadingroomnow.---從4狀語(yǔ)從句希望至少有：BecauseWhenAlthoughSo…that兼職對(duì)全日制學(xué)生有用，因?yàn)樗麄儾坏苜嵉藉X(qián)，而且還可以獲得職業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。Part-timejobsareusefulforfull-timestudentsbecausetheynotonlyearnmoneybutalsogaincareerexperience.實(shí)用絕招絕招1介詞With是王牌1.With表伴隨狀態(tài)：PremierLikeqiangagainvisitedHunan,withstatetelevisionshowingpicturesofhimtellingprovincialofficialstodoalltheycouldtorestorepowerandotherservices.絕招1練習(xí)JetLiisasuperstar.Manyofhismoviesarepopularintheworld.JetLiisasuperstar，withmanyofhismoviespopularintheworld.劉翔站在天安門(mén)廣場(chǎng)上，手持火炬。LiuXiangisstandingontheTiananmensquare,withtheOlympictorchinhishand.LiuXiangisstandingontheTiananmensquare,Olympictorchinhand.練習(xí)一位美女從我身邊經(jīng)過(guò)，面帶微笑。Abeautypassedby,withasmileonherface.絕招2：主謂分割Seattleisagardencity,withoneofthemostdelightfulclimateintheworld.Seattle，

withoneofthemostdelightfulclimateintheworld，isagardencity.練習(xí)JetLi,withmanyofhismoviesarepopularintheworld,isasuperstar.LiuXiang,withtheOlympictorchinhishand,isstandingontheTiananmensquare,

絕招3：主謂分割+倒裝Agardencity，

withoneofthemostdelightfulclimateintheworld，isSeattle.LiuXiang,withtheOlympictorchinhishand,isstandingontheTiananmensquare.OntheTiananmensquare,withtheOlympictorchinhishand,isstandingLiuXiang絕招4分詞伴隨顯品位1.doing2.done用Doing和done做伴隨狀語(yǔ)的使用區(qū)別doing和done做伴隨狀語(yǔ)Seeingmyfriendsyellinganddemonstrating,Ican’thelptearing.Seenstealinginastore,hethoughthewasgoingtobecaught.原句Weweretouchedbytheteacher’swords.Wedecidedtoworkhard.

轉(zhuǎn)換__________bytheteacher’swords,wedecidedtoworkhard.原句Ididn’treceiveherletter.Ihadtowriteagain.

轉(zhuǎn)換

Not_____________herletter,Ihadtowriteagain.Touchedhavereceived造句從他的外表，我知道他是商人。Judgingfromhisoutlook,Iknowheisoneofthebusinessmen.倒裝句子是亮點(diǎn)加分句型（掌握3種倒裝）1.so…that倒裝（全倒裝）IamsohungrythatIcouldeatahorse.SohungryamIthatIcouldeatahorse.So…that倒裝練習(xí)食物因?yàn)橥ㄘ浥蛎浂绱酥F，我只能每天吃食堂。（通貨膨脹：inflation）FoodissoexpensivebecauseofinflationthatIcouldonlyaffordfoodinDinningHall.SoexpensiveisfoodbecauseofinflationthatIcouldonlyaffordfoodinDinningHall.2.only倒裝(部分倒裝）21stcentury：OnlybylearningourownhistoryandpresentingitinaconvincingmannercanwemakethewesternmediarealizetheinjusticetheydotoChina.2.only倒裝練習(xí)只有通過(guò)天天練習(xí)才能學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。Englishcanbelearnedwellonlybydailypratice.Onlybydailypracticecan

Englishbelearnedwell.特實(shí)用的onlyOnlyinthisway/undersuccessfulcontrol/specialcircumstances/aftercarefulconsiderationscanwe…….只有……我們才能……（常用于解決問(wèn)題型的作文）Onlyundersuccessfulcontrolcanweminimizethenegativeimpactsandmaximizepositiveimpacts.3.句首否定詞倒裝(部分）No,not,seldom,never,little,hardly;Atnotime,innocase,innoway;Notuntil,notonly;YoucanseldompassCET-6withahighmark.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型別忘記加分句型Itis…that…Itis/was+人+morethananyoneelsewhoItis/was+物+morethananythingelsethat虛擬語(yǔ)氣A:IfIwere……,Iwould+動(dòng)詞原形意思是如果我是……，我會(huì)…….B:Itishightimethat+一般過(guò)去時(shí)意思是……已經(jīng)刻不容緩了。這兩個(gè)句型基本每篇文章都能用到，而且基本都在最后一段。范文分析StructureSampleLanguage段落組織：開(kāi)篇開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，直入主題。

段末亮出觀點(diǎn)，觀點(diǎn)鮮明。TheHarmofPCGamesNowalmosteverystudentisequippedwithacomputer.Sadly,someofthemuseitmainlyforPCgamesratherthanforstudy.TheydevotemostoftheirsparetimetoplayingPCgames,andsometimesevenskipclassestoexperiencetheexcitement.ThisobsessionwithPCgamesisveryharmful.語(yǔ)言表達(dá)：首段長(zhǎng)短句錯(cuò)落，生動(dòng)有致；主體段與結(jié)尾段恰當(dāng)使用定語(yǔ)從句，狀語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句等復(fù)合句，句式豐富多樣。準(zhǔn)確使用銜接詞使文章邏輯清晰，如主體段的firstofall,second,third,asaresult,moreover，末段的consideringallthis；恰當(dāng)使用限定詞和短語(yǔ)，使表意精準(zhǔn)，如首段的sometimes,even，主體段的insomeworsecases,chronic；多樣化表達(dá)，避免重復(fù)，如文章分別用playPCgames，

experiencetheexcitement，fighttheirwayinthevirtualworld來(lái)表達(dá)“玩電腦游戲”；準(zhǔn)確使用短語(yǔ)與句型，如beequippedwith,devoteto,bepreoccupiedwith,takeatollon,exertinfluenceon,engagein,so…that…;Itissuggestedthat…

主體段分點(diǎn)論述，邏輯清晰。分論點(diǎn)細(xì)節(jié)充實(shí)，層層遞進(jìn)，邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，論證有力，語(yǔ)意連貫，流暢自然。Firstofall,PCgamesareabigdistractionfromastudent’sstudy.Gameaddictsaresopreoccupiedwithfightingtheirwayinthevirtualworldthattheyhavelittletimefortheirstudy.Asaresult,theiracademicperformancesuffers.Insomeworsecases,astudenthastodropout.

Second,addictiontoPCgamestakesatollonone’shealth.IfastudentplaysPCgamesforanextendedperiodoftime,itcanbequiteastrainonhiseyes.Moreover,achroniclackofsleepandexercisemayleadtosomehealthproblemssuchasobesity,andmusculardisorder.

Third,videogamescontainingviolencemayexertnegativeinfluenceonplayers.Therearestudieswhichrevealthemoretimeonespendsonviolentgames,themorelikelyoneistodisplayaggressivebehavior.尾段：總結(jié)（建議）

Consideringallthis,itissuggestedthatPCgameloverslimittheirtimeonPCgames,shungameswithunhealthycontentsandmoreimportantly,engageinothermoremeaningfulactivities.臨場(chǎng)考試寫(xiě)作四部曲審題構(gòu)思行文修改1.審題審題即認(rèn)真閱讀寫(xiě)作提示，其目的是明確寫(xiě)作主題、內(nèi)容與形式要求。以2015年12月第一套四級(jí)真題寫(xiě)作題目為例：Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying"Nevergoouttheretoseewhathappens,goouttheretomakessomethinghappen."Youcanciteexamplestoillustratetheimportanceofbeingcreativeratherthanmereonlookersinlife.Youshouldwriteatleast120words,nomorethan180words.

首先，指示里寫(xiě)道：“writeanessaycommentingonthesaying‘Nevergoouttheretoseewhathappens,goouttheretomakesomethinghappen’”，顯然諺語(yǔ)即是作文主題，接下來(lái)理解主題。“Nevergoouttheretoseewhathappens”好理解，字面意思是說(shuō)“別出去看發(fā)生了什么”，但有的同學(xué)可能不能準(zhǔn)確理解“makesomethinghappen”的意思。考試中如果遇到陌生詞匯和短語(yǔ)，大家要學(xué)會(huì)聯(lián)系語(yǔ)境來(lái)理解。這句話前面是否定，后面是肯定，構(gòu)成語(yǔ)意上的對(duì)比。前面說(shuō)“別出去看發(fā)生了什么”，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，“makesomethinghappen”應(yīng)該是“采取行動(dòng)讓事情發(fā)生”的意思。因此明確主題是“應(yīng)積極行動(dòng)，去成就事情而不要消極旁觀，等待事情發(fā)生”。繼續(xù)往下讀：“Youcanciteexamplestoillustratetheimportanceofbeingcreativeratherthanmereonlookersinlife.”顯然，這一句話明確了寫(xiě)作要求，考生應(yīng)該用例證法說(shuō)明在生活中拒絕當(dāng)生活的旁觀者，去主動(dòng)成就事情重要性。1.審題再看2017年6月第一套四級(jí)真題寫(xiě)作題目：Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanadvertisementonyourcampuswebsitetosellacomputeryouusedatcollege.Youradvertisementmayincludeitsbrand,specifications/features,conditionandprice,andyourcontactinformation.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.指示中第一句話“writeanadvertisementonyourcampuswebsitetosellacomputeryouusedatcollege.”明確了寫(xiě)作體裁與主題：寫(xiě)一則網(wǎng)絡(luò)廣告，售賣(mài)一臺(tái)大學(xué)里用過(guò)的二手電腦。考生寫(xiě)作時(shí)應(yīng)注意廣告的行文特點(diǎn)：第一，產(chǎn)品信息要清楚；第二，產(chǎn)品優(yōu)點(diǎn)要突出；第三，語(yǔ)言要活潑生動(dòng)，有吸引力。第二句話“Youradvertisementmayincludeitsbrand,specifications/features,conditionandprice,andyourcontactinformation.”提示了應(yīng)該涵蓋的寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)：電腦品牌、規(guī)格、成色（新舊程度）、價(jià)格以及個(gè)人聯(lián)系信息。由此可見(jiàn)，認(rèn)真閱讀寫(xiě)作提示至關(guān)重要，既能讓自己明確寫(xiě)作主題，還能清楚內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)以及寫(xiě)作形式與方法。2.構(gòu)思這里構(gòu)思包含思考寫(xiě)作主題、內(nèi)容、行文組織以及把思考結(jié)果寫(xiě)成提綱的兩個(gè)行為。構(gòu)思的目的有二。一是使考生能在行文時(shí)保持清醒、使行文不跑題、有邏輯；二是讓考生行文有據(jù)，知道寫(xiě)什么，怎么寫(xiě)。四級(jí)考試時(shí)，考生應(yīng)邊思考邊寫(xiě)提綱。考生思考的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該大致包括寫(xiě)作主題、內(nèi)容、行文組織三個(gè)方面。三個(gè)方面在審題時(shí)已有初步思考，在這一步，考生應(yīng)該將其具體化，落實(shí)到每個(gè)段落怎么組織。假如寫(xiě)三段，則應(yīng)思考首段怎么引入主題，提出觀點(diǎn)，主體段怎么論證（說(shuō)明/描述），尾段怎么總結(jié)。下面，仍然拿2017年6月第一套四級(jí)真題寫(xiě)作題目來(lái)說(shuō)明：Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanadvertisementonyourcampuswebsitetosellacomputeryouusedatcollege.Youradvertisementmayincludeitsbrand,specifications/features,conditionandprice,andyourcontactinformation.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.構(gòu)思環(huán)節(jié)——主題：售賣(mài)二手電腦；體裁：廣告；內(nèi)容：電腦品牌、規(guī)格、成色（新舊程度）、價(jià)格以及個(gè)人聯(lián)系信息。廣告的寫(xiě)作特點(diǎn)：第一，產(chǎn)品信息要清楚；第二，產(chǎn)品優(yōu)點(diǎn)要突出；第三，語(yǔ)言要活潑生動(dòng)，有吸引力；段落組織：第一段：吸引讀者，引出主題（awell-maintainedsecond-handcomputertosell）；第二段：介紹產(chǎn)品主要信息，突出優(yōu)點(diǎn)（itsbrand,specifications,conditionandprice;itsmerits,etc）；第三段：懇切呼喚買(mǎi)主，附個(gè)人聯(lián)系信息。（It’syourbestchoice!Don'thesitatetocontactmeat…）審題和構(gòu)思兩個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)一般應(yīng)控制在5mins中之內(nèi)。提綱應(yīng)盡量涵蓋文章所有要點(diǎn)，比如議論文的提綱應(yīng)該包括首段的中心論點(diǎn)，主體段的分論點(diǎn)以及主要論據(jù)（包括事實(shí)、實(shí)例、數(shù)據(jù)等）。另外，一些關(guān)鍵用詞和表達(dá)也可以先寫(xiě)出來(lái)。3.行文行文是動(dòng)筆寫(xiě)作成文的過(guò)程。在此環(huán)節(jié)，考生按照構(gòu)思環(huán)節(jié)所列提綱來(lái)組織語(yǔ)言，表達(dá)思想。行文過(guò)程，考生要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1）首段應(yīng)開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，快速入題，切忌拐彎抹角、鋪排過(guò)度；2）主體段落要有鮮明的主題句，讓改卷老師一目了然；3）慎用模板和萬(wàn)能句式。模板和萬(wàn)能句式可用，但一定要符合主題，表意準(zhǔn)確；4）勿盲目追求用大詞與高級(jí)句式，句式選擇和詞匯使用應(yīng)以達(dá)意為第一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。例如，一篇文章的題目是關(guān)于手機(jī)的使用是否會(huì)減弱我們面對(duì)面溝通的能力，學(xué)生的作文如此寫(xiě)道：Nowweliveinmodernsociety.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,peoplenowemploymobilephonetocommunicatemoreandmoreoften.Buttheirfacetofacecommunicationbecomeslessandless.Tobeginwith,utilisingmobilephonestocommunicatecanhaveacatastrophiceffectonone’sinterpersonalrelationship.Thereisnodenyingthatinthisday,manypeoplehaveharnessedmobiletechnologyforcommunication.Themoretheyusesuchtechnology,themoreproblemstheyhavewiththeirfriends.Anotherpointworthnotingisthattheywouldignoreface-to-faceconversationswithothers.Finally,theywillfeellonelyandsufferphysicallyandmentally.3.行文以上文章有幾個(gè)問(wèn)題：首先，首段入題太慢，沒(méi)有鮮明的觀點(diǎn)。文章的主題是手機(jī)是否會(huì)減少面對(duì)面交流，而“生活在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)”，“科技發(fā)展快”等內(nèi)容太泛太空，與主題聯(lián)系不緊密；第二，內(nèi)容貧瘠，對(duì)主題沒(méi)有進(jìn)行充分有效的論述，手機(jī)的使用為什么會(huì)減少面對(duì)面交流，具體表現(xiàn)如何，文章并沒(méi)有進(jìn)行充分的論證；第三，套話多且使用不當(dāng)。tobeginwith,itisundeniablethat,anotherpointworthnotingisthat,finally等表達(dá)的使用缺乏邏輯，思維跳躍；第四，用詞大而不當(dāng)。catastrophic過(guò)分夸張，employ,harness和utilise用來(lái)描述使用手機(jī)也不恰當(dāng)。下面是參考作文：

SampleAnalysisMobilephonehasbecomeanindispensablepartinourlife.[1]Whileitenablesustokeepintouchwithpeoplefarawayfromus,itisverylikelytoweakenourabilitytocommunicatefacetoface.[2]Theincreaseduseofmobilephonecanhinderface-tofacecommunicationinmanyways.[3]Tostartwith,heavyusersofelectronicgadgets[4]tendtobecomelesspatientandaremorelikelytointerruptandwonderfromonetopictoanother.[3]Besides,relyingtoomuchonelectronicsreducespeople’ssensitivitytonon-verbalsignals,whichoftentellmorethanwordsorvoicemessages.[4]Facialexpressionsandbodylanguagerevealourtruefeelingsandthoughts,butpeopleaccustomedtoelectronicdeviceslosetheabilitytonoticethem,nottosayinterpretthemcorrectly.[3]Finally,youngpeoplemay[4]formahabitofusingacronyms,abbreviationsorinternetcatchphrases,whichw