高考英語大一輪復習 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero教師用書 試題

Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero話題詞匯1．a(chǎn)chievementn．成就；成績；功績2．a(chǎn)mbitiousadj.有雄心壯志的3．backgroundn．背景4．characteristicadj.典型的；獨特的5．contributionn．貢獻6．outgoingadj.愛交際的；外向的7．outstandingadj.優(yōu)秀的；杰出的8．haveagiftfor對……有天賦9．beenthusiasticabout對……熱心10．makeeffortstodosth.努力做某事話題佳作假設你是李平，請根據(jù)以下信息，向《英語測試報》的編輯寫信投稿，介紹一位傳奇人物。姓名：AllanStewart國籍：澳大利亞出生日期：1915年3月7日世界紀錄：2006年獲碩士學位時年齡最大學習態(tài)度：挑戰(zhàn)自我，永遠為時不晚。第一個學位：1936年獲得第二個學位：醫(yī)學博士第三個學位：80多歲時決定學習法律，2006年獲得碩士學位。第四個學位：2012年通過網(wǎng)絡學習獲得，善于合理安排學習時間，受到老師表揚。參考詞匯：碩士學位master’sdegree；博士doctor佳作欣賞DearEditor，HereisalegendaryAustraliannamedAllanStewart，bornonMarch7,1915.Hehasattained4degrees，thefirstofwhichwasobtainedin1936.Aftergettinghisseconddegree，adoctor’sdegreeofmedicine，Mr.Stewartdecidedtotakeuplawinhiseightiesandin2006heobtainedhisthirddegree，leadinghimtosetaworldrecordofbeingtheoldestholderofamaster’sdegree.Hewasawardedthefourthdegreein2012bylearningonline.Andheearnedpraisefromhisteachersformakinggooduseofhistimeforlearning.Yours，LiPing名師點睛本文有效地整合了題目所提供的信息，通過簡樸的語言和合理的行文順序把寫作要點準確地表達出來。文中運用了過去分詞短語作定語、定語從句、現(xiàn)代分詞短語作結果狀語等高級句式以及takeup，setaworldrecord，makegooduseof等短語的綜合運用，使得語言富于變化，增強了文章的表達效果。A．寫作必記單詞1．qualityn．品質；質量；性質beofgood/highquality質量高的inquality在質量方面2．a(chǎn)ctiveadj.積極的；活躍的beactivein在……方面積極takeanactivepartin積極參加3．devotevt.獻身；專心于(1)devotedadj.忠實的；深愛的bedevotedto致力于，獻身于；熱愛……(2)Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelping(help)othersrebuild.(2016·北京)(3)Hedevotedhimselftocommunityactivitiesandwaspraisedbythepeoplearound.→Devotinghimselftocommunityactivities，hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫)→Devotedtocommunityactivities，hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)4．peacefuladj.和平的；平靜的；安寧的(1)peacen．和平(2)atpeace處于和平狀態(tài)inpeace平靜地makepeacewith和……講和5．votevt.&vi.投票；選舉；n.投票；選票；表決(1)voteon就……投票表決put...tothevote將……付諸表決(2)votefor投票贊成voteagainst投票反對(3)SuHuaisinvitedbyhisuncletovoteforhiscousininthe“FutureSinger”competition.蘇華被他的叔叔邀請在“未來歌星”比賽中為他的堂弟投票。(2016·江蘇)6．equaladj.相等的；平等的(1)equalityn．相等；平等(2)beequaltosb.in...在……方面與某人相當(3)HeisequaltoTominability.(填介詞)(4)Learningtodealwiththesocialworldisequally(equal)important.(2016·北京)7．willingadj.樂意的；自愿的Hedidnotcompromiseeasily，butwaswillingtoacceptanyconstructiveadviceforaworthycause.他不輕易妥協(xié)，但他很樂意接受對一項崇高事業(yè)的任何建設性的建議。(2016·江蘇)8．escapevi.&vt.逃脫；逃走；避開；泄露；被遺忘(1)[寫出下列句子中escape的熟詞生義]①I’msorry，butyournameescapesme.被遺忘；被忽略②Howwillweknowifthere’sanygasescaping？流出；泄漏(2)Youareluckytoescapepunishment.(同義句轉換)→Youareluckytoescapebeingpunished.9．rewardn．報酬；獎金；vt.酬勞；獎賞(1)rewardingadj.值得的；有獎賞的(2)rewardsb.with...for...因為……用……獎賞某人(3)Whenitcomestothesellingofhouses，businessesalsousehighlyrewardingtactics.當提及售房時，企業(yè)也利用高回報的策略。(2015·重慶)(4)Irewardedhimwithabookforhishelp.(同義句轉換)→Igavehimabookinrewardfor/asarewardforhishelp.B．閱讀識記單詞10．meanadj.吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的11．generousadj.慷慨的；大方的12．foundvt.建立；建設13．principlen．法則；原則；原理14．guidancen．指導；領導(1)guidev．指導(2)undertheguidanceof在……指導下guidesb.to...帶領某人去……(to為介詞)15．legaladj.法律的；依照法律的illegaladj.非法的16．youthn．青年；青年時期用法點撥youth(青年人，年輕人)作主語時，謂語動詞多用復數(shù)形式，也可用單數(shù)形式。17．leaguen．同盟；聯(lián)盟；聯(lián)合會18．a(chǎn)ttackvt.進攻；抨擊；攻擊(1)underattack遭受攻擊(2)Thewhitebloodcellsprotectthebodyfrombeingattacked(attack)bydiseasegerms.19．violencen．暴力；暴行violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的20．educatevt.教育；訓練educatedadj.受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)的educationn．教育21．begvi.請求；乞求(1)begyourpardon對不起；請再說一遍(2)Hebeggedthathe(should)beallowed(allow)toleave.22．relativen．親戚；親屬23．crueltyn．殘忍；殘酷crueladj.殘忍的1．outofwork失業(yè)losework失業(yè)(表動作)2．a(chǎn)samatteroffact/infact事實上3．blowup使充氣；爆炸4．introuble在危險、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中havetrouble(in)doing...做……有困難takethetroubletodo...不辭勞苦地做……5．turnto求助于；致力于(1)Shehasnoclosefriendstowhomshecanturnforadviceorhelp.(填介詞)(2)Moreandmorepeopleturntocomputerscience.越來越多的人從事于計算機科學。6．loseheart喪失勇氣或信心(1)loseone’sheartto愛上；喜歡上(2)Weshouldnotloseheartinfaceofdifficulties.面對困難時我們不應該失去信心。(2016·天津)7．setup設立；建立；搭起8．besentencedto被判處……(徒刑)9．inone’sopinion在某人看來用法點撥在該短語中，opinion總是用單數(shù)。1．HewasthefirstmantolandonthemooninJuly1969.1969年7月，他成為第一個登上月球的人。(1)In1931，AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowin(win)theNobelPeacePrize.(2016·全國Ⅰ)(2)Ifwecouldshowconcerntoothersinneed，theworldwouldbeabetterplacetolivein.(填介詞)(2014·浙江)用法點撥(1)當被修飾成分前有序數(shù)詞或最高級及theonly，thevery等修飾時，常用不定式作定語。(2)作定語的動詞如果是不及物動詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點、工具等，不定式后面須有相應的介詞。2．However，thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.然而在那個時候，你要想住在約翰內(nèi)斯堡就非得要有身份證不可。3．Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress，untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權利，阻擋我們的進步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權利都沒有的階段。4．...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到那個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheofficedidsherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.直到莉莉走進辦公室，她才意識到她把合同忘在家里了。(2015·天津)用法點撥(1)“only＋副詞、介詞短語、從句”放在句首時，句子用部分倒裝形式。(2)“only＋從句”放在句首時，倒裝的是主句，從句不倒裝。5．IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給一群人作講解時，我感覺很糟。用法點撥(1)thefirsttime作連詞，引導時間狀語從句。類似的還有：themoment，theminute，thesecond，theinstant，each/every/next/any/lasttime，immediately，instantly，directly等。(2)forthefirsttime是介詞短語，它不能連接從句。Ⅰ.教材與語法填空Elias，apoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica，saidthatthetime1.whenhefirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofhislife.In1952，hewenttoseeMandela,2.ablacklawyer，foradvice.Mandelawasgenerouswithhistime，forwhichEliaswasverygrateful.Eliasbeganschoolatsix，buthehadtoleaveschooltwoyearslater3.becausehisfamilycouldn’taffordtheschoolfeesandthebusfare.Asaresult，hehadverylittle4.education(educate)．Aftertryinghard，hegotajobinagoldmine.5.However，toliveinJohannesburg，onehadgottohaveapassbook.Nothavingonebecausehewasnotbornthere，heworriedabout6.whetherhewouldbecomeoutofwork.ThenMandelahelpedhim，tellinghimhowtogetthecorrectpapers7.tostay(stay)inJohannesburg.HebecamemorehopefulabouthisfutureandlaterjoinedtheANCYouthLeague8.organized(organize)byMandela.JustasMandelaputit，theblackswereso9.badly(bad)treatedthattheyhadreachedastagewheretheyhadalmostnorightsatall.In1963，hehelpedMandelablowupsomegovernmentbuildings.Heknewthatonly10.byansweringviolencewithviolencecouldtheyachievetheirdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.Ⅱ.教材與短文改錯THERESTOFELIAS’STORYYoucannotimaginewhatthenameofRobbenIslandmadeusafraid.Itwasaprisonfromwherenooneescaped.ThereIspentthehardesttimeofmylife.ButwhenIgetthereNelsonMandelawasalsothereandhehelpedme.Mr.Mandelabeganaschoolforthoseofuswhohadfewlearning.Hetaughtusduringthelunchbreaksandtheeveningwhenweshouldhavebeenasleep.Wereadbooksunderourblanketsandusedanythingwecouldfindmakecandlestoseethewords.Ibecameagoodstudent.IwantedtostudyformydegreeandIwasnotallowedtodothat.Later，Mr.Mandelaallowedtheprisonguardstojoininus.Hesaidtheyshouldnotbestoppedfromstudyingfortheirdegrees.Theywerenotcleverthanme，buttheydidpasstheirexams.SoIknewIcouldgetadegreetoo.Thatmademefeelgoodaboutme.答案THERESTOFELIAS’STORYYoucannotimagineeq\f(what,how)thenameofRobbenIslandmadeusafraid.Itwasaprisonfromeq\f(where,which)nooneescaped.ThereIspentthehardesttimeofmylife.ButwhenIeq\f(get,got)thereNelsonMandelawasalsothereandhehelpedme.Mr.Mandelabeganaschoolforthoseofuswhohadeq\f(few,little)learning.Hetaughtusduringthelunchbreaksandtheeq\f(evening,evenings)whenweshouldhavebeenasleep.Wereadbooksunderourblanketsandusedanythingwecouldfindeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))makecandlestoseethewords.Ibecameagoodstudent.Iwantedtostudyformydegreeeq\f(and,but)Iwasnotallowedtodothat.Later，Mr.Mandelaallowedtheprisonguardstojoininus.Hesaidtheyshouldnotbestoppedfromstudyingfortheirdegrees.Theywerenoteq\f(clever,cleverer)thanme，buttheydidpasstheirexams.SoIknewIcouldgetadegreetoo.Thatmademefeelgoodabouteq\f(me,myself).Ⅲ.教材與微寫作寫作素材(關于人物介紹)1．作為律師，我熱愛我的工作。2．我相信法律面前人人平等。3．在大家處于困境時，我樂意不計報酬為大家提供幫助。4．事實上，很多人就法律問題向我求助。提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達，并且請使用when引導的時間狀語從句。連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文)Asalawyer，IamdevotedtomyjobandIbelieveallpeopleareequalbeforethelaw.I’mwillingtogiveahandwithoutrewardswhenpeopleareintrouble.Asamatteroffact，alotofpeopleturntomeforlegaladvice.Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2016·四川文星中學月考)Agreatloss—ShirleyTemplediesat85February12,2014BYDERRIKJ.LANG，AssociatedPressShirleyTempleBlack，whodiedonFebruary10thatage85，wasn’tjustachildstar.ShewasTHEchildstar—thesweetlittlegirlwhoseshiningsmilehelpedilluminesomeofthedarkestdaystheUShasknownduringtheGreatDepression.It’shardtodaytoimaginethesuperstarShirleywasonce“America’sLittleDarling”．ShesanganddancedherwaytothetopoftheboxofficeinsuchfilmsasBrightEyes，CurlyTopandHeidi.By1940，shehadappearedin43films.TempleteamedwithBillRobisoninfourmovies，andtheirdanceonthestairsinTheLittleColonelisstillalegendaryfilmmoment.Inthe1930s，hernameonamovieintroductionassured(保證)apackedhouse.Sheinspireddolls，dresses，dishes—evenadrink(alcohol-free，ofcourse)．USPresidentFranklinD．Rooseveltoncefamouslysaidthat“aslongasourcountryhasShirleyTemple，wewillbeallright”．Unlikesomanyoftoday’schildstars，Templedidn’tendupwithhernameappearingacrosstheheadlinesforbadbehaviors.Insteadofgettingherphotosonfrontpagesorstrugglingwithdrugsandalcohol，Templewentontoasecondcareerindiplomacy(外交)，includingpresidentialappointmentsasambassadortoGhana.Shesurprisedalotofpeoplewhodoubtedherwithhergrace，knowledgeandeagernesstoserve.Infact，hercareerinpublicservice(20years)waslongerthanhercareerinmovies(19years)．Theroleshevaluedmost，however，wasaswife，mother，grandmotherandgreat-grandmother.TheworldhaslostatreasuredHollywoodlegend.Buthermovieswillallowthatlittledynamicfiguretocontinuecharmingaudiencesforaverylongtime.語篇解讀這是美聯(lián)社的一篇新聞報道，告訴讀者秀蘭·鄧波兒辭世的消息。本文敘述了秀蘭·鄧波兒的生平簡介。敘述了她對于當時美國社會的貢獻，以及她個人的家庭觀念。1．Theword“illumine”inParagraph1means“”．A．shorten B．sweetenC．strengthen D．brighten答案D解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段的敘述，她是一名童星，她燦爛的笑容讓在美國的大蕭條時期中面對最黑暗時刻的人們看到了光明。shorten縮短；sweeten變甜；strengthen加強；brighten照亮。故選D。2．Temple，asachildmoviestar，canbestbedescribedas.A．sweetandlivelyB．gentleandkindC．smartandknowledgeableD．shyandattractive答案A解析推理判斷題。sweetandlively甜美活潑；gentleandkind溫柔和藹；smartandknowledgeable聰明且知識淵博；shyandattractive害羞且有吸引力。從全文對作為一個童星的鄧波兒的描述來看，“甜美活潑”最合適。故選A。3．Whatpartdidsheregardasthemostimportantinherlife?A．Atopmoviestar.B．Abusinesswoman.C．Herfamilyrole.D．Herdiplomacycareer.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Theroleshevaluedmost，however，wasaswife，mother，grandmotherandgreat-grandmother.”可知，她最為看重的角色是妻子、母親、祖母以及曾祖母。也就是在家庭中的角色。故選C。4．Wheredoesthispassagepossiblycomefrom?A．Abiography. B．Anewspaper.C．Amagazine. D．Aposter.答案B解析文章出處題。biography傳記；newspaper報紙；magazine雜志；poster海報。根據(jù)新聞報道正文開頭的時間和“BYDERRIKJ.LANG,AssociatedPress”可知，這是美聯(lián)社的一篇新聞報道，告訴讀者秀蘭·鄧波兒辭世的消息，應該是在報紙上。故選B。Ⅱ.七選五(2016·湖北黃岡中學模擬)Whilegoingthroughlifewiththepursuitofmoneyinourmind，we’reoftentoldthatmoneycan’tbuyhappiness.Butwhattruthisthereinthesaying?Istherearelationbetweenmoneyandhappiness？1Humansareverysensitivetochange.Whenwegetarise，wereallyenjoyit.ButsomestudieshaveshownthatinNorthAmerica，additionalincomebeyond75,000dollarsayearstopsimpactingday-to-dayhappiness.2Theyoftenendupspendingallthemoney，goingintodebt，andexperienceruinedsocialrelationships.Sosurelymoneycan’treallybuyhappiness.Well，recentstudiessuggestthattheproblemmayactuallybeinthewaythatwespendmoney.3Studiesshowthatpeoplewhospendtheirmoneyonothersfeelhappier.Asforthepeoplewhospendmoneyonthemselves，theirhappinessisunchanged.4Oneexperimentshowedthatinsteadofanorganizationwritingalargechecktoacharity，dividingtheamountupamongemployees，allowingthemtocontributetoacharityoftheirchoice，increasedtheirjobsatisfaction.Similarly，individualsthatspendmoneyoneachother，asopposedtothemselves，notonlyincreasejobsatisfaction，butimprovetheteamperformance.5Interestingly，thespecificwaymoneyisspentonothersisn’timportant.Spendingsomethingonothersistheimportantaspectofincreasingyourhappiness.A．Thesameprinciplehasbeentestedonteamsandorganizationsaswell.B．Moneyhasmoreeffectonthevastmajorityofpeopleinthelongrun.C．Insteadofbuyingthingsforyourself，trygivingsomeofittootherpeopleandseehowyoufeel.D．Andifso，howcanweuseittoouradvantage?E．Almosteverywherewelookintheworld，weseethatgivingmoneytoothersispositivelyrelatedtohappiness.F．Andwhileyou’resavingupforthesegreatestexperiences，don’tforgetthedailyjoysinlife.G．Infact，peoplewhowinalotteryareoftenreportedtohavebecomeextremelyunhappy.eq\x(語篇解讀本文講述了錢和幸福之間的關系。)1．答案D解析根據(jù)上一句“錢和幸福有關系嗎？”可知，下一句是“如果有關系，我們該怎樣把錢用得對我們有利？”故選D。2．答案G解析根據(jù)下一句“他們花光了所有的錢，負債累累”可知，那些贏了彩票的人經(jīng)常被報道說不幸福。3．答案C解析根據(jù)上文“問題在于我們花錢的方式”及下文“為他們花錢感到更幸?！笨芍?，此處應為“不要只給自己買東西，而要試著給其他人買些東西并且看看(那樣做)我們感覺如何?！惫蔬xC。4．答案A解析根據(jù)下文“oneexperimentshowedthat...”中的“experiment”可知，設空處應為總體介紹此法則在實驗中的測試。故選A。5．答案E解析根據(jù)下文可知，放眼看看整個世界，我們都可看到把錢給別人與幸福有著積極的聯(lián)系。故選E。Ⅲ.完形填空(2016·廣東湛江一中期中)Haveyoueverwatchedanartistpaintapicture？Heorsheworksclosetothecanvas1smallsectionsatatimeintheprocessofcompletingthewholepainting.Buteveryonceinawhile，the2muststepbackfromhis/herworkandlookatthewholepicture.Onlybysteppingawayfromwhatthey’reworkingoncanthey3theproperperspective(視角，觀點)．Theproperpointofviewis4totheendresult.It’snodifferenceforanyothercreation.5it’sabusiness，aprojectoryourlife，youneedtostepback6inordertogetitright.Froma7，youcanseethingsyoucan’tseewhenyou’reclose.Thedifferenceisinworkingonyourproject8workinginit.It’salltooeasytofocusonsomethingbut9theimportantpartsneededtocreateasatisfyingresult.StephenCoveycallsit“10thesaw(鋸)”．Itwouldbe11tokeepsawingwithoutstoppingfromtimetotimetomakeyour12sharper.Butunfortunately，that’swhattoomanyofus13.Justlikemusic，weneedspaces14thenotesinordertocreatethelovelymelody(旋律)．Acontinuouscollectionofnoteswithnospacesisnotgood—it’s15.Youmayneedtotakeavacationto16workorstudy.Atothertimes，it’sbettertotakeacourseorattendameetingto17somenewideas.Sometimes，itmaybebettertotakeacompletebreak，togoawayandjustdosomethingtotally18—takeonavolunteerproject，buildahouseforHabitatforHumanityorsomeotherworthycauses.Theimportantthingistotakethebreaks.Withoutthem，wearenot19andwedon’tenjoyourworkorourlifeasmuch.Ourpressure20andbothourworkandourhealthsuffer.語篇解讀本文說的是你在做任何事情的時候都要時不時地站遠了看，把視野放大一點，調(diào)整自己的方向。1．A.picking B．paintingC．losing D．enjoying答案B解析結合上一句中的“anartistpaintapicture”及空后的“completingthewholepainting”可知，此處指藝術家靠近油畫布畫畫。2．A.scientist B．teacherC．physicist D．a(chǎn)rtist答案D解析結合上下文語境，特別是該空后的“thewholepicture”可知，此處指的是藝術家(artist)。3．A.turn B．changeC．gain D．give答案C解析藝術家走到離畫布遠一點的地方是為了獲得(gain)更合適的創(chuàng)作視角。4．A.important B．specialC．ordinary D．popular答案A解析根據(jù)下一段的內(nèi)容可知，此處表示合適的視角對作品最后的效果很重要(important)。5．A.Although B．WhereC．Because D．Whether答案D解析不管(whether)是生意、工程還是生活，你都需要不時地往后退一些。6．A.finallyB．sometimesC．immediatelyD．slowly答案B解析不時地(sometimes)往后退一些是為了更好地進行下去。此處的sometimes與第二段第一句中的“everyonceinawhile”相照應。7．A.height B．depthC．distance D．length答案C解析fromadistance在遠處，與后面的“whenyou’reclose”相對應。隔一段距離(distance)，你能夠看到在近處所看不到的東西。8．A.insteadof B．togetherwithC．suchas D．lessthan答案A解析空格處連接兩種不同的情景，因此用“insteadof”表示轉折。9．A.meet B．destroyC．collect D．miss答案D解析做事情過于投入會漏掉(miss)一些重要的部分，而這些部分是創(chuàng)造出令人滿意的結果所必需的。10．A.repairing B．sharpeningC．touching D．hiding答案B解析結合上文語境及后面的“sharper”可知，此處表示使鋸鋒利。故選sharpening。11．A.foolish B．interestingC．clever D．practical答案A解析根據(jù)上文中強調(diào)的“后退”的重要性及“磨刀不誤砍柴工”的道理可知，一味工作而不懂得停下來是很愚蠢的(foolish)行為。12．A.way B．mindC．tool D．sense答案C解析根據(jù)上文中提到的“saw(鋸)”可知，此處應選tool。13．A.notice B．doC．find D．lose答案B解析但不幸的是我們多數(shù)人都是這么做(do)的，即一味做事而不懂得停下來。14．A.through B．beforeC．behind D．between答案D解析音符之間(between)需要有空隙才能產(chǎn)生優(yōu)美的旋律。15．A.music B．noiseC．sound D．pollution答案B解析該空與上一句中的“thelovelymelody”相對應。音符間沒有空隙的音樂，毫無旋律可言，這種音樂是噪音(noise)。16．A.lookforwardto B．catchupwithC．getawayfrom D．workhardat答案C解析也許你需要度假來遠離(getawayfrom)工作和學習。lookforwardto期待；catchupwith趕上；workhardat努力做。17．A.obtain B．proveC．desert D．explain答案A解析在其他時候，參加課程或會議更能獲取(obtain)一些新點子。18．A.difficult B．necessaryC．common D．different答案D解析該空后提到的事情是與平時工作不同的(different)。19．A.native B．creativeC．a(chǎn)ttractive D．sensitive答案B解析不注意休息，我們就不會有創(chuàng)造力。此處與上一段第二句中的“newideas”照應，故選creative。20．A.reduces B．disappearsC．increases D．improves答案C解析壓力增加(increase)，會使我們的工作和健康都遭受損害。Ⅰ.詞匯拓展1．depressionn．不景氣；蕭條；萎靡不振；沮喪depressingadj.令人壓抑的；沉悶的depressedadj.感到沮喪的；消沉的；蕭條的2．treasuren．寶藏；珍寶；vt.珍惜；重視(1)treasuredadj.珍貴的(2)IaminNovaScotiaonapilgrimage(朝圣)withLise，mygranddaughter，seekingrootsforher，retracing(追溯)treasured(treasure)memoryforme.3．charmingadj.迷人的；可愛的；英俊的(1)charmn．魅力；v.使高興；吸引(2)ItwasOurHome，smallandcharming(charm)，overlookingaquietlake.(2015·天津)4．a(chǎn)sfor關于；至于(1)asto關于；至于(2)AsformyfavoritefigureinChinesehistoryitmustbeWeiYuan，agreatthinkerinthelateQingDynasty.(2016·北京)至于中國歷史上我最喜歡的人物，那肯定是魏源，他是清朝末期一個偉大的思想家。5．a(chǎn)sopposedto與……相對；而不是(1)beopposedto反對……(2)Ihavebeenconsistentlyopposedtofeeding(feed)ababyregularly.6．intheprocessof在……過程中Ashighschoolstudents，werunintoonedifficultyafteranotherintheprocessoflearning(在學習的過程中)．Ⅱ.句式升級1．Shesurprisedalotofpeoplewhodoubtedherwithhergrace，knowledgeandeagernesstoserve.→Whatsurprisedalotofpeoplewhodoubtedherwashergrace，knowledgeandeagernesstoserve.(用what引導的主語從句改寫)→Alotofpeoplewhodoubtedherweresurprisedwithhergrace，knowledgeandeagernesstoserve.(用被動語態(tài)改寫)2．Whilegoingthroughlifewiththepursuitofmoneyinourmind，we’reoftentoldthatmoneycan’tbuyhappiness.(補全句子)→Whilewegothroughlifewiththepursuitofmoneyinourmind，we’reoftentoldthatmoneycan’tbuyhappiness.3．Similarly，individualsthatspendmoneyoneachother，asopposedtothemselves，notonlyincreasejobsatisfaction，butimprovetheteamperformance.(同義句改寫)→Similarly，individualsspendingmoneyoneachother，ratherthanthemselves，improvetheteamperformanceaswellasincreasejobsatisfaction.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theyarecompletelyfearlessandwillreadilytakeonacreaturemuchlargerthanthemselves，attacking(attack)inlargegroupsandovercomingtheirtarget.(2015·安徽)2．Secondly，suchaninclusionmaygiverisetoprejudicesoftheeducated(educate)againstthosewithlittleknowledgeofEnglish.(2014·江蘇)3．Youwillnevergainsuccessunlessyouarefullydevoted(devote)toyourwork.(2014·湖南)4．Thetwogroupsrememberedtheinformationequally(equal)well.(2015·安徽)5．ProjectORBISalsoaimsatpromotingpeaceful(peace)cooperationamongcountries.(2014·江西)6．Hewrotethereportundertheguidanceofhisteacher.7．Hopefully(hope)thatgivesyouagoodstart.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.(2014·新課標全國Ⅱ)8．Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears，noneofwhichhasbeenproved.(2016·浙江)9．Forfivedays，Edmonton’sDowntownParkistransformedintoonehugestagewhereartistsareabletosharetheirtalents.10．ThedriverdeclaredguiltymaybefinedamaximumofHK25,000andbesentenced(sentence)toupto3yearsinprison.Ⅱ.運用本單元所學短語完成下列片段Thesituationhasbecomeworseandworsesincethenewgovernment11.cametopower(上臺；執(zhí)政)．Iam12.outofwork(失業(yè))；Idon’tknowwhomto13.turnto(求助于)．Ithoughtofmyheadteacheroneday，whoalwaysencouragedusnotto14.loseheart(失去信心)andbehopefulaboutthefuturewhenweare15.introuble(處境困難)．Ⅲ.完成句子16．只有經(jīng)過一年的友好討論，Garza女士才最終答應了。(2016·全國Ⅰ)OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMs.Garzafinallysayyes.17．第一次看到SuzyKhan，我就知道我得幫她。(2014·北京)ThefirsttimeIsawSuzyKhan，IknewIhadtohelpher.18．這就是為什么許多成功人士建議你去做你喜歡的事情的一個很大的原因。Thisisabigreasonwhymanysuccessfulpeopleadviseyoutodosomethingyoulove.19．我真的想采訪他，因為他不僅是第一個去太空的中國人，而且他也是世界上最偉大的宇航員之一。(2015·安徽)IwouldreallyliketointerviewhimbecauseheisnotonlythefirstChinesetogotospacebutalsooneofthegreatestastronautsintheworld.20．很多年輕人前往偏遠地區(qū)去追逐夢想，他們中的大多數(shù)人都受過良好的教育。(2016·江蘇)Manyyoungpeople，mostofwhomwerewell-educated，headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.Ⅳ.閱讀理解(2017·吉林梅河口五中段考)Aqualifieddoctorwhorarelypracticedbutinsteaddevotedhislifetowriting，heoncesaid：“Medicineismylawfulwife，andliteratureismylover.”Russianwriter，AntonPavlovichChekhov，wasagreatplaywrightandoneofthemastersofthemodernshortstory.WhenChekhoventeredtheMoscowUniversityMedicalSchoolin1879，hestartedtopublishhundredsofcomicshortstoriestosupporthisfamily.Afterhegraduated，hewroteregularlyforalocaldailynewspaper.Asawriterhewasextremelyfast，oftenproducingashortstoryinanhourorless.Chekhov’smedicalandscienceexperiencecanbeseenthroughtheindifference(冷漠)manyofhischaractersshowtotragicevents.In1892，hebecameafull-timewriterandpublishedsomeofhismostmemorablestories.ChekhovoftenwroteaboutthesufferingsoflifeinsmalltownRussia.Tragiceventscontrolhischaracterswhoarefilledwithfeelingsofhopelessnessanddespair.ItisoftensaidthatnothinghappensinChekhov’sstoriesandplays.Hemadeupforthiswithhisexcitingtechniquefordevelopingdramawithinhischaracters.Chekhov’sworkcombinedthecalmattitudeofascientistanddoctorwiththesensitivity(敏感)ofanartist.SomeofChekhov’sworksweretranslatedintoChineseasearlyasthe1940s.Oneofhisfamousstories，TheManinaShell，aboutaschoolteacher’sextraordinarilyorderlylife，wasselectedasatextforChineseseniorstudents.eq\x(語篇解讀本文介紹了俄羅斯偉大的現(xiàn)代短篇小說家——契訶夫。)21．WhichofthefollowingistheRIGHTorderoftheevents?a．becameadoctorb．becameafull-timewriterc．startedtopublishcomicshortstoriesd．wroteregularlyforalocaldailynewspapere．enteredtheMoscowUniversityMedicalSchoolA．e→c→b→a→d B．e→c→a→d→bC．d→a→b→c→e D．a(chǎn)→e→d→c→b答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。要求排列事件順序，可用首尾定位法。第一個事件是“enteredtheMoscowUniversityMedicalSchool”；最后一個事件是“becameafulltimewriter”，故答案為B。22．AntonPavlovichChekhov.A．wasonceadoctorB．hadalawfulloverC．usedtobealawyerD．wasanillegalwriter答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“Aqualifieddoctorwhorarelypracticedbutinsteaddevotedhislifetowriting...”可知，契訶夫曾經(jīng)是名醫(yī)生。故選A。23．In1880，Chekhov.A．becameafull-timewriterB．publishedhismostmemorablestoriesC．studiedmedicineinMoscowUniversityD．practicedmedicineinhishometown答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“WhenChekhoventeredtheMoscowUniversityMedicalSchoolin1879”可知契訶夫1879年進入莫斯科大學學醫(yī)，由此可以判定契訶夫1880年正在大學學醫(yī)。故選C。24．WhichofthefollowingadjectivesCAN’TbeusedtodescribeChekhov?A．Sensitive. B．Cool.C．Quick-minded. D．Warm-hearted.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。文中講到了他的品質有：cool，sensitive(calmattitudeofascientistanddoctorwiththesensitivity...)，quick-minded(extremelyfast，oftenproducingashortstoryinanhourorless)，但沒有涉及到warm-hearted這方面的品質。故選D。Ⅴ.完形填空(2017·江西樟樹中學、高安二中等六校聯(lián)考)OnedayItookabuswithmygirlfriend.Itwasso25thatwestoodforseveralstopsuntilavacantseatwas26forher.Thenaprettygirlrushedtowardme，saying，“Hi，whereareyougoing？”IwassostruckbythestrangerthatIhadahardtimetryingto27her.Clearlyshehadtakenme28somebodyelse.Ireturnedhergreetingwithpoliteness，29togiveexplanationtomygirlfriendlater.Noticingmydialoguewithsomebodyelse，mygirlfriend30hereyesandfoundshewaspretty.Sheaskedjealously，“Who’sshe？”Theprettygirl，quite31ofthesituation，spokeoutfirst，“Hi，letme32myself.I’mNancy；weusedtobe33.Verygladtomeetyou.”Shebehavedvery34.ButIwas35tosearchinmymemoryforsomeonecalledNancyamongmyneighbors.Iwasworryingabouthowtoexplainthistomygirlfriend36theprettygirlagainturnedtome，“Willyougivemeyourcellphonenumbersothatwe37keepcontactslater？”Ihadtosubmit(服從)toher38.Thenthegirlgotoffthebusatthenextstop.AminutelaterIgotashort39onmyphone—fromastranger.Mygirlfriend40myphoneandreadthenote.Itwasfromthegirl，whosaid，“Justnow，twothievestriedto41yourpocket.Ihadtoactasanacquaintancetodrawyourattention.Ishouldhaveleftatthe42stopbutgaveupasInoticedthesetwothievesalso43toleaveatthesamestop.Becauseofthe44Idelayedmydeparture.Nowyou’llunderstandallIhavedonetoyou.Wishyouluck.”語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。講述了有一天“我”和女朋友在一輛公共汽車上，有兩個小偷想偷“我”的錢包，卻被一個漂亮女孩發(fā)現(xiàn)以及這個女孩如何幫“我”擺脫這兩個小偷的故事。25．A.tiring B．crowdedC．slow D．messy答案B解析根據(jù)本空后的“westoodforseveralstopsuntilavacantseat”可知，當時車上人很多，是很擁擠的(crowded)，故B項正確。26．A.ready B．specialC．a(chǎn)vailable D．suitable答案C解析根據(jù)本空前的內(nèi)容及“avacantseat”可知，站了好幾站，她才有座。available表示“可獲得的”，故C項正確。27．A.identify B．realizeC．remind D．judge答案A解析根據(jù)本空前的“Iwassostruckbythestranger”可知，作者并不認識那個女孩。identify表示“辨認出，識別”，故A項正確。28．A.on B．forC．with D．by答案B解析上文說作者并不認識這個女孩，所以此處指作者認為她一定是把他誤以為是別人了。takefor表示“誤以為”，故B項正確。29．A.preferring B．promisingC．managing D．planning答案D解析句意為：我友好地和那個女孩打招呼，準備稍后再向女朋友解釋。plan計劃；打算。故D項正確。30．A.fixed B．openedC．focused D．raised答案D解析根據(jù)本空后的“hereyesandfoundshewaspretty.”可知，女朋友抬起雙眼看那女孩。raise表示“抬高，使上升”，故D項正確。31．A.proud B．carefulC．a(chǎn)ware D．a(chǎn)fraid答案C解析上文說女朋友問作者這個女孩是誰，再結合本空后的“spokeoutfirst”可知，女孩意識到這個情況后，先開口說話了。beawareof表示“意識到”，故C項正確。32．A.explain B．introduceC．enjoy D．help答案B解析根據(jù)本空后的“I’mNancy”可知，小女孩在介紹(introduce)自己，故B項正確。33．A.partners B．friendsC．neighbors D．colleagues答案C解析根據(jù)下文中的“searchinmymemoryforsomeonecalledNancyamongmyneighbors”可知，小女孩說我們曾經(jīng)是鄰居(neighbor)，故C項正確。34．A.naturally B．generouslyC．cautiou