【英語】四川省眉山市東坡區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上11月期中聯(lián)考試題(解析版)

四川省眉山市東坡區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上11月期中聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)略第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AOverthelastcentury,engineersallovertheworldhavesparednoefforttoachievetheunachievableinbridgedesign.Danyang-KunshanGrandBridgeNobridgeisaslongastheDanyang-KunshanGrandBridgeintheworld.The164.8-kilometre-longbridgebuiltin2011inChinaservesaspartoftheBeijing-ShanghaiHigh-SpeedRailway.ThetripfromNingbotoJiaxingthatpreviouslytook4.5hourshasbeenreducedtotwo,thankstothisbridge.Rio-NiteróiBridgeCompletedin1974,theRio-NiteróiBridgeinBrazilisthesecond-longestbridgeinallofLatinAmericaconnectingthecitiesofRioandNiteróiacrosstheGuanabaraBay.TheRio-NiteróiBridgeistechnicallyknownasa“box-girder(箱形梁)”bridge,madeofspecialconcrete.Itreceivesanastonishing140,000(ormore)vehiclesperday.HartlandCoveredBridgeTheHartlandCoveredBridgeistheworld’slongestcoveredbridge.The1,282-foot-longbridgewasopenedin1901andhasbeenonCanada’slistofNationalHistoricSitessince1980.Althoughitwasoriginallybuiltwithoutaroof,thebridgewascappedwithwoodenmaterialsduringtherepairsin1921.JiaozhouBayBridgeThenewly-builtJiaozhouBayBridgeinChinawasnamed“world’slongestbridgeoverwater”byGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsin2011,atitlepreviouslyheldbytheLakePontchartrainCauseway.Thedisputewassettledwhenthetitleof“l(fā)ongestcontinuousbridgeoverwater”wasgiventothecauseway,withtheJiaozhouBayBridgereceivingthetitleof“l(fā)ongestbridgeoverwater”.1.Onwhichofthefollowingcantrainspass?A.Danyang-KunshanGrandBridge.B.Rio-NiteróiBridge.C.HartlandCoveredBridge.D.JiaozhouBayBridge.2.WhatisspecialabouttheHartlandCoveredBridge?A.Itisabusybridge. B.Itwasbuiltin1980.C.Ithasaroof. D.Itisawoodenbridge.3.Wherecanyoufindthelongestbridgeoverwater?A.InAmerica. B.InBrazil. C.InCanada. D.InChina.【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了過去的一個世紀里人類修建的四座有特色的橋梁?！敬鸢浮?.A2.C3.D1．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Danyang-KunshanGrandBridge中“The164.8-kilometre-longbridgebuiltin2011inChinaservesaspartoftheBeijing-ShanghaiHigh-SpeedRailway.(這座164.8公里長的大橋建于2011年，是京滬高速鐵路的一部分。)”可知，因為丹昆特大橋是京滬高鐵的一部分，由此可知，火車可以從丹昆特大橋通過。故選A。2．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HartlandCoveredBridge中“Althoughitwasoriginallybuiltwithoutaroof,thebridgewascappedwithwoodenmaterialsduringtherepairsin1921.(雖然這座橋最初是沒有屋頂?shù)模?921年的維修期間，橋上覆蓋了木制材料。)”可知，加拿大哈特蘭廊橋的特別之處在于它有木制屋頂。故選C。3．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JiaozhouBayBridge中“Thenewly-builtJiaozhouBayBridgeinChinawasnamed“world’slongestbridgeoverwater”byGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsin2011,atitlepreviouslyheldbytheLakePontchartrainCauseway.(2011年，中國新建的膠州灣大橋被吉尼斯世界紀錄評為“世界上最長的水上橋梁”，此前該頭銜由龐恰特雷恩湖堤道保持。)”可知，在中國你可以找到最長的水上橋梁——膠州灣大橋。故選D。BWhenArvinKuipers,whograduatedfromBeijingUniversityofChineseMedicinein2017andlovesChineseculture,askshispatientstostickouttheirtonguesohecandiagnose(診斷)theirillness,manyareconfused.Kuipers,30,practicingTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)inAmsterdamintheNetherlands,said,“InTCMIneedtodofaceandtonguediagnosis.That’sstrangeforpeopleinmycountry.”O(jiān)neelderlywomanhadbeenvisitinghimoccasionallyforadvice,butherfirstexperiencewithTCMsurprisedher.Shehadneverexperiencedacupuncture(針灸)oranyotherTCMtreatment.“Shecamein,andIexaminedherfaceandtongue,”saidKuipers.“Itoldthepatientherkidneyswerenotdoingwellandthatshewasn’tgettingpropersleep.”Thewomanwasshockedbyhisinsightandaskedifhehadbeenspyingonher.“Actually,itwaseasytodiagnoseherconditionwhenIsawthedarkringsunderhereyes.Herenergylevelswerealsoverylowatthetime.”KuipersopenedhisTCMclinicinSeptember.Mostofhisworkinvolvesperformingacupuncture,cuppingaswellastuina—aTCMmassagethatpatientsintheWestlikethemost,hesaid.Insomecases,healsogavehispatientstraditionalherbalmedicines.KuipersusuallymakesacupofChineseteatocalmhispatientsiftheyarenervousabouttheacupunctureneedles.Healsoexplainstothemthemeridian(經(jīng)絡(luò))system,whichisacentralconceptofTCM,yinandyang,andotherconcepts.“InTCM,goodhealthrequiresbalancedyinandyang,sopractitionersnotonlypayattentiontoapatient’sillness,butalsotohisorheroverallphysicalcondition,”saidKuipers.“TCMisalsoadifferentcultureandoffersanewperspective,insteadofbeingacuringmethod.”AsofearlyApril,Kuipershastreatedmorethan200patients,manyofwhomcometohiscliniceveryweek.“TCMdoeswork,andworkswell.Mypatientsreallyfeelbetterwithit,soIvalueit,andwhenmypatientsfeelbetterIalsofeelbetter.”4.Whatcanwelearnfromtheelderlywoman’sstoryinparagraph2?A.TheelderlywomantrustedTCMtreatmentinthebeginning.B.TCMisverydifferentfromthetreatmentinhercountry.C.TheelderlywomanusedtovisitKuipersalotforTCM.D.Theelderlywomanwasshockedatherkidneysnotdoingwell5.WhichTCMtreatmentismostwelcomedbythepatientsintheWest?A.Tuina. B.Acupuncture. C.Cupping. D.Herbalmedicines.6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.WhyKuipers’patientsarefondofChinesetea.B.HowKuipersexplainsmeridiansystemtohispatients.C.HowKuipersappliesChinesecultureandtreatmentstopatients.D.WhyKuiperspayslittleattentiontooverallphysicalcondition.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TopraiseKuipersforhisTCMtreatments.B.TostressthevalueofteachingforeignersTCM.C.ToshowthepopularityofTCMwithpatientsintheNetherlands.D.TotellthestoryofKuiperspractisingTCMintheNetherlands.【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了畢業(yè)于北京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)的ArvinKuipers在荷蘭阿姆斯特丹開設(shè)中醫(yī)診所行醫(yī)的故事?！敬鸢浮?.B5.A6.C7.D4．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Oneelderlywomanhadbeenvisitinghimoccasionallyforadvice,butherfirstexperiencewithTCMsurprisedher.Shehadneverexperiencedacupuncture(針灸)oranyotherTCMtreatment.(一位上了年紀的婦女偶爾會去找他咨詢，但她第一次接觸中醫(yī)的經(jīng)歷讓她大吃一驚。她從未經(jīng)歷過針灸或任何其他中醫(yī)治療)”可知，老婦人第一次接觸中醫(yī)時感到很驚訝。她從未體驗過針灸或其他中醫(yī)療法。由此可推知，中醫(yī)與老婦人所在國家的治療方法是非常不同的。故選B。5．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Mostofhisworkinvolvesperformingacupuncture,cuppingaswellastuina—aTCMmassagethatpatientsintheWestlikethemost,hesaid.(他說，他的大部分工作包括針灸、拔火罐和推拿——西方病人最喜歡的一種中醫(yī)按摩)”可知，最受西方人歡迎的療法是推拿。故選A。6．【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“KuipersusuallymakesacupofChineseteatocalmhispatientsiftheyarenervousabouttheacupunctureneedles.Healsoexplainstothemthemeridian(經(jīng)絡(luò))system,whichisacentralconceptofTCM,yinandyang,andotherconcepts.“InTCM,goodhealthrequiresbalancedyinandyang,sopractitionersnotonlypayattentiontoapatient’sillness,butalsotohisorheroverallphysicalcondition,”saidKuipers.“TCMisalsoadifferentcultureandoffersanewperspective,insteadofbeingacuringmethod.”(如果病人對針灸針感到緊張，Kuipers通常會泡一杯中國茶來安撫他們。他還向他們解釋了經(jīng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)，這是中醫(yī)的核心概念，陰陽和其他概念?！霸谥嗅t(yī)中，身體健康需要陰陽平衡，所以從業(yè)者不僅要關(guān)注病人的疾病，還要關(guān)注他或她的整體身體狀況，”Kuipers說。“中醫(yī)也是一種不同的文化，提供了一個新的視角，而不是一種治療方法?！?”可知，本段主要介紹了Kuipers在治療病人時應(yīng)用了中國文化。故選C。7．【解析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文前三段介紹了Kuipers學(xué)習(xí)中醫(yī)、在荷蘭用中醫(yī)療法給病人看病，最后兩段介紹了Kuipers使用的中醫(yī)療法的效果。由此可推知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是講述Kuipers在荷蘭實踐中醫(yī)的故事。故選D。CThejackfruitisadeliciousfruitfoundthroughoutcertainpartsofAsia.Butthereismoretothefruitthanjustitstaste.Whenconsideringthefruit’sEnglishname,itiseasytobecomeoverwhelmedwithquestionslike:“WhoisJack?Andwhydoeshehavehisownfruit?”Surprisingly,“jackfruit”isn’taperson’snameatall.Thefruit’snameoriginallycomesfromthesouthernIndianwordchakkapazham,withIndiathoughttobethefruit’splaceoforigin.Portugueseexplorerswhojourneyedtothisregionwentontocallitjack,whichleadsustothecurrentEnglishnameofjackfruit,accordingtoNationalPublicRadio(NPR).Unfortunately,noonecalledJackhasbeenproventobeinvolvedatanypointinthisprocess.Thereisanotherfood,however,thatwasdirectlynamedafteraperson—thesandwich.Inthe18thcentury,playingcardgameslateintothenightbecamefashionableinBritishhighsociety.JohnMontagu,the4thEarlofSandwich,startedthehabitoforderingpiecesofcoldbeefbetweentwopiecesofbreadinordertogetalate-nightsnackwithouthavingtoleavethegamingtableoruseaknifeandfork.Thisnewly-createdsnackkepthandscleansocardplayerscouldcontinueonwithoutdirtyingtheircards.Themidnightsnackquicklybecamepopularamongeverydaypeople,andbeforelongeveryonewasmakingtheirownsandwiches.Thatishowthesandwichwasinventedandgotitsname.Awayfromtheworldoffood,therearemoreexamplesofnamesinspiredbypeople.Longjohns,thewarmtrousersthatkeepuswarminwinter,aresaidtohavebeennamedaftertheUSboxerJohnL.Sullivanwhotooktowearingasimilartypeofgarmentinthering(比賽).Therearemanyotherinterestingetymologies(詞源)intheEnglishlanguagelikethese.Sothenexttimeyoufindaninterestingname,whynotexploreitshistorytoo?8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overwhelmed”inthefirstparagraphprobablymean?A.Puzzled. B.Excited. C.Worried. D.Annoyed.9.Wheredoesthejackfruit’snamecomefrom?A.AplaceinIndia. B.AnIndianword.C.APortugueseexplorer. D.Adiscovererofthefruit.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthesandwichaccordingtothetext?A.Itwasnamedafterapopularcardgame.B.Itwasonceeatenasasnackinthedaytime.C.ItwasfirstpopularamongtheUK’smiddleclass.D.Itwascreatedfortheconvenienceofplayingcards.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthisarticle?A.Toraisereaders’interestinetymology. B.Tointroducethingsnamedafterpeople.C.Tostresstheimportanceoflearninghistory. D.Toexplaintheeffectsofpeople’snamesonfood.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了英語中一些單詞的起源以及背后的故事。【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.A8．【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文““WhoisJack?Andwhydoeshehavehisownfruit?””可知，人們對這種水果的名字存在疑問“杰克是誰？他為什么有自己的果子呢？”，即對名字感到困惑。故劃線詞意思是“困惑的”。故選A。9．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thefruit’snameoriginallycomesfromthesouthernIndianwordchakkapazham,withIndiathoughttobethefruit’splaceoforigin.(這種水果的名字最初來自印度南部的單詞chakkapazham，印度被認為是這種水果的原產(chǎn)地)”可知，杰克果的名字從一個印度詞來的。故選B。10．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inthe18thcentury,playingcardgameslateintothenightbecamefashionableinBritishhighsociety.JohnMontagu,the4thEarlofSandwich,startedthehabitoforderingpiecesofcoldbeefbetweentwopiecesofbreadinordertogetalate-nightsnackwithouthavingtoleavethegamingtableoruseaknifeandfork.(在18世紀，打牌玩到深夜在英國上流社會成為一種時尚。三明治伯爵四世JohnMontagu養(yǎng)成了把冷牛肉夾在兩片面包之間點餐的習(xí)慣，這樣就不用離開賭桌或使用刀叉就能吃到夜宵)”可知，三明治是為了方便打牌而發(fā)明的。故選D。11．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Therearemanyotherinterestingetymologies(詞源)intheEnglishlanguagelikethese.Sothenexttimeyoufindaninterestingname,whynotexploreitshistorytoo?(在英語中還有許多其他像這些有趣的詞源。所以，下次當你發(fā)現(xiàn)一個有趣的名字時，為什么不去探索一下它的歷史呢？)”可推知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是提高讀者對詞源學(xué)的興趣。故選A。D“Ilikepigs,”WinstonChurchillsupposedlyoncesaid.“Dogslookuptous.Catslookdownonus.Pigstreatusasequals.”WhetherChurchill’scontemporaryGeorgeOrwellalsolikedpigsislessclear.Buthe,too,surelysawsomethinginthemthatwaslackinginmanydomestic(馴養(yǎng)的)animals,foritwastheywhoendeduprunningtheshowinhisnovel,AnimalFarm.Pigs,then,areintelligentsocialcreatures.And,likeallanimals,theysometimesfight.Somepigstendtobeattackers;otherstendtobevictims.Whoiswhatdependslargelyonweight.Amongpigs,poundsmeanpower.Theattackermightbite,kickorpushthevictim.Mostconflictsendinseconds,butsomelastaminuteortwo.Inmostanimalspeciesfightswouldbelikethat.However,manyoftheconflictsamongpigsDrNorscia,abiologist,observedhadinterestedpartiesbeyondthefighters.Hethereforewantedtounderstandtheroleofthesebystandersinsolvingconflicts—andwhatthissaysaboutpigs’cognitive(認知的)abilities.Sincetherewasusuallynotenoughtimeforabystanderpigtobecomeinvolvedintheheatofaconflict,thoughthisdidoccur,DrNorscialookedatwhathappenedinthethreeminutesimmediatelyfollowingafight.Sometimes,hefound,thefighterswerereconciledwitheachotherontheirown.Themoredistantlyrelatedthefighterswere,themorefrequentlythishappened.DrNorsciaguessedthatrelationsbetweencloserelativesaremoresecuretostartwith,sorebuildingfriendlyrelationsrapidlyislessnecessaryforthem.Onotheroccasions,however,athirdpigsteppedin.Sometimesthisbystanderinteractedwiththeattacker,whichreducedthenumberofattackscomingafter.Sometimes,thebystanderinteractedwiththevictim.Thisappearedtocalmthevictimdown,foritreducedanxiety-relatedbehavior.Socialintelligenceneednot,though,beentirelyselfless.Pigsaremorelikelytostepinafteraconflictiftheyarecloselyrelatedtoeithertheattackerorthevictim.Thisisprobablyanexampleofkinselection(親屬選擇),whichfavorsthedevelopmentofbehavior.12.WhyareChurchillandOrwellmentionedatthebeginning?A.Toshowtheirpreferenceforpigs. B.Toaddsomerelatedbackgrounds.C.Tointroducethetopicofthetext. D.Topresenttheirattitudetoanimals.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutpigs’fights?A.Theylastalittlebitlonger.B.Theyhappenmoreofteninthewild.C.Pigswithmorepoundstendtobethevictims.D.Therewouldnormallybeaudiencesduringthefights.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“werereconciled”probablymeaninparagraph4?A.Lookedup B.Madeup. C.Keptintouch. D.Figuredout.15.Whichofthefollowingreflectspigs’socialintelligence?A.Offeringcomforttovictimpigs.B.Formingspecialbondswithstrangers.C.Adjustingtheirbehavioraccordingly.D.Caringforotherswithselflessdevotion.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了豬打架后如何和解，這證實了豬是非常聰明的?！敬鸢浮?2.C13.D14.B15.A12．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中““Ilikepigs,”WinstonChurchillsupposedlyoncesaid.“Dogslookuptous.Catslookdownonus.Pigstreatusasequals.”WhetherChurchill’scontemporaryGeorgeOrwellalsolikedpigsislessclear.(據(jù)說溫斯頓·丘吉爾曾經(jīng)說過:“我喜歡豬?！薄肮纷鹁次覀?。貓看不起我們。豬對我們是平等的。”與丘吉爾同時代的喬治·奧威爾是否也喜歡豬就不那么清楚了。)”并聯(lián)系下文對豬的探討可推知，作者一開始就提到丘吉爾和奧威爾是為了引出本文要探討的話題。故選C項。13．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“However,manyoftheconflictsamongpigsDrNorscia,abiologist,observedhadinterestedpartiesbeyondthefighters.Hethereforewantedtounderstandtheroleofthesebystandersinsolvingconflicts—andwhatthissaysaboutpigs’cognitive(認知的)abilities.(然而，生物學(xué)家Norscia博士觀察到，在豬之間的許多沖突中，除了打架者之外，還有其他利益相關(guān)方。因此，他想了解這些旁觀者在解決沖突中的作用，以及這對豬的認知能力有何影響。)”可知，豬打架的特別之處是它們會有旁觀者。故選D項。14．【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“Themoredistantlyrelatedthefighterswere,themorefrequentlythishappened.Dr.Norsciaguessedthatrelationsbetweencloserelativesaremoresecuretostartwith,sorebuildingfriendlyrelationsrapidlyislessnecessaryforthem.(打架者的親緣關(guān)系越遠，這種情況發(fā)生的頻率就越高。Norscia博士猜測，近親之間的關(guān)系一開始就更安全，因此迅速重建友好關(guān)系對他們來說就不那么必要。)”可知，Norscia博士發(fā)現(xiàn)，打架者會自行和解，建立友好關(guān)系。故可猜測劃線單詞reconciled為“和解”的意思。A.Lookedup抬起頭來；B.Madeup和解；C.Keptintouch保持聯(lián)系；D.Figuredout弄明白了。故選B項。15．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Onotheroccasions,however,athirdpigsteppedin.Sometimesthisbystanderinteractedwiththeattacker,whichreducedthenumberofattackscomingafter.Sometimes,thebystanderinteractedwiththevictim.Thisappearedtocalmthevictimdown,foritreducedanxiety-relatedbehavior.(然而，在其他情況下，第三只豬會介入。有時，這個旁觀者與攻擊者互動，這減少了隨后的攻擊次數(shù)。有時，旁觀者會與受害者互動。這似乎使受害者平靜下來，因為它減少了與焦慮相關(guān)的行為。)”可知，旁觀者在解決沖突中起到了一定作用，安慰受害者，與攻擊者互動，這反映了豬的社會智能。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WhyCookingMealsatHomeBenefitsMoreThanJustYourWalletWhenhungerstrikes,theconvenienceofenteringafast-foodrestaurantororderingtakeoutcanbeterriblyattractive.____16____However,whenitbecomesaroutine,yourwaistline,yourwalletandyourhealthcanbebadlyaffected.Herearefourreasonstomakecookingathomeyouroption.·It’scheaper.Youcouldspend$100atafancyrestaurantforonedinner,whilethesameamountofmoneycouldbuyyougroceriesforaweek.Whenyoushopsmartandgetcreative,youneedn’tspendmorethan$1onbreakfast,$2onlunchand$4ondinnertopurchasewholesome,healthyfoods.Here’show:____17____·Itmayreduceyourexposuretocertainchemicals.Themostsurprisingbenefitofcookingathomecandecreasetheamountofharmfulchemicalsyou’reexposedto.____18____Commonintakeoutandfast-foodpackaging,thosechemicalshavebeenassociatedwithmanydiseases.Foodpackagingcanalsocontainotherdamagingcompounds(化合物).·Youcanbetterestimatecalories.____19____Thatiswhypeopletendtoconsumeextracalorieswhendiningawayfromhome.Onthecontrary,youhavecompletecontroloverthefoodmaterialswhenyoucookinyourownkitchen.Choosingfiber-packedvegetablesandmeatcontaininglessfatwillhelpkeepyourcaloriesundercontrol.Sowillthewayyoucookyourfood.Ratherthanfrying,chooseroasting.·____20____Manychefsusealotofsaltwhilecooking.Whilesaltcanmakefoodtastier,toomuchofitislinkedtoserioushealthissueslikeheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.Athome,youcancontrolthequantityofsaltonyourplatebyseasoningfoodinotherways,likeusinglemonjuice.Thesamegoesforsugar.Youcanusesmallerquantitiesofnaturalsweetenerslikehoneytoaddsweetnesstoyourfood.Toomuchaddedsugarislinkedtosomediseasesaswell.A.Youcanreduceaddedsaltandsugar.B.Eatingoutcanmakecaloriecountingtricky.C.Buyinlargequantitiesandsticktostore-branditems.D.Saltandsugararebothessentialsincookingdeliciousfoods.E.Relyingonfoodawayfromhomeoccasionallyistotallyacceptable.F.Peoplearealwaystooengagedintheirworktocookathomepersonally.G.Peoplecookingathomehavelowerlevelsofdangerouschemicalsintheirbodies.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了在家做飯的好處?！敬鸢浮?6.E17.C18.G19.B20.A16．【解析】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Whenhungerstrikes,theconvenienceofenteringafast-foodrestaurantororderingtakeoutcanbeterriblyattractive.(當饑餓來襲時，進入快餐店或叫外賣的便利可能非常有吸引力。)”可知，饑餓的時候叫外賣非常有吸引力。而空后內(nèi)容“However,whenitbecomesaroutine,yourwaistline,yourwalletandyourhealthcanbebadlyaffected.(然而，當它成為一種習(xí)慣，你的腰圍，你的錢包和你的健康可能會受到嚴重影響。)”則表明外賣對我們的錢包、身體都有影響。選項E“Relyingonfoodawayfromhomeoccasionallyistotallyacceptable.(偶爾在外面吃點東西是完全可以接受的。)”承上啟下，承接上文的內(nèi)容，指出偶爾出去吃是可以的；同時引出下文經(jīng)常在外面吃飯并沒有好處。故選E。17．【解析】根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Whenyoushopsmartandgetcreative,youneedn’tspendmorethan$1onbreakfast,$2onlunchand$4ondinnertopurchasewholesome,healthyfoods.(當你聰明購物并且有創(chuàng)意時，你不需要在早餐上花超過1美元，在午餐上花2美元，在晚餐上花4美元來購買健康的食物。)”可知，上文提到的其實是不需要花很多錢在吃飯上。而空前內(nèi)容“Here’show(方法如下：)”則暗示，空處為具體操作方法。選項C“Buyinlargequantitiesandsticktostore-branditems.(大量購買，堅持購買商店品牌的商品。)”與上文內(nèi)容一致，指的都是聰明購物。故選C。18．【解析】根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Themostsurprisingbenefitofcookingathomecandecreasetheamountofharmfulchemicalsyou’reexposedto.(在家做飯最令人驚訝的好處是可以減少你接觸的有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)的數(shù)量。)”可知，在家做飯可以減少你接觸的有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)的數(shù)量。選項G“Peoplecookingathomehavelowerlevelsofdangerouschemicalsintheirbodies.(在家做飯的人體內(nèi)的危險化學(xué)物質(zhì)含量較低。)”與上文內(nèi)容一致，指的都是在家做飯可以減少接觸有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)。故選G。19．【解析】根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Thatiswhypeopletendtoconsumeextracalorieswhendiningawayfromhome.(這就是為什么人們在外出就餐時往往會攝入額外的卡路里。)”可知，空后指的是人們在外面就餐時攝入的卡路里較多。選項B“Eatingoutcanmakecaloriecountingtricky.(外出就餐會讓計算卡路里變得棘手。)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，指的都是在外面就餐攝入的卡路里較多。故選B。20．【解析】空處為小標題，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Manychefsusealotofsaltwhilecooking.Whilesaltcanmakefoodtastier,toomuchofitislinkedtoserioushealthissueslikeheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.Athome,youcancontrolthequantityofsaltonyourplatebyseasoningfoodinotherways,likeusinglemonjuice.Thesamegoesforsugar.Youcanusesmallerquantitiesofnaturalsweetenerslikehoneytoaddsweetnesstoyourfood.Toomuchaddedsugarislinkedtosomediseasesaswell.(許多廚師在烹飪時使用大量的鹽。雖然鹽可以使食物更美味，但過多的鹽會導(dǎo)致心臟病和高血壓等嚴重的健康問題。在家里，你可以通過其他方式調(diào)味食物來控制盤子里的鹽量，比如用檸檬汁。糖也是如此。你可以使用少量的天然甜味劑，比如蜂蜜來增加食物的甜味。過多的添加糖也與一些疾病有關(guān)。)”可知，本段主要講述的是在家做飯可以減少鹽和糖的使用。選項A“Youcanreduceaddedsaltandsugar.(你可以減少添加的鹽和糖。)”正是本段主要內(nèi)容。故選A。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Onceayear,Igivemytwochildrenmoney.Theonly___21___is,theyhavetogiveitaway.Igivethemeach$100.Theyknowitisalotofmoney,sotheyare___22___howtheyuseit.Itistheirjobtofindoutwhoinour___23___isdoingthingsthattheyfeelgoodabout,andthen___24___whowillgetthemoney,andwhy.Givingawaymoney,evenifitisonlytenortwentydollars,isawonderfulwaytolearnaboutthe___25___workpeoplearedoingrightinyourownneighborhood.Itmakesusgetoutofour___26___zone,askaround,talktopeoplewewouldn’t___27___talkto,andaskquestionsaboutwhattheproblemsareandwhatpeoplearedoingtomakethembetter.Everyone___28___.Mykidslearnaboutthecommunityandthepowerofgiving.Andpeopleinthecommunity,whoareoftenvolunteeringtheirowntimeandmoney,feelthattheireffortsareseenand___29___insomeway.Lastyear,theybothchosetogivetheirmoneytoashelterforrunaway____30____.Theyvisitedafewplacesthat____31____suggestionsorinstructionstoyoungpeople,andfeltthisplacewasespeciallywelcoming.Whentheyhandedthe____32____tothedirector,whohadnoideathesechildrenwere“philanthropists(慈善家)”,everyonewasin____33____howgoodthedayturnedouttobe.Thisexercisemaybe____34____asoftenaspossible.Itcannotpossiblyfail.Youdonotneedto____35____holidays,andyoudon’tneedchildren.Youcandoityourself,onanydayyoulike.21．A.request B.question C.complaint D.action22．A.nervous B.anxious C.careful D.ambitious23．A.school B.world C.community D.family24．A.indicate B.decide C.decline D.reject25.A.physical B.accurate C.complex D.positive26．A.development B.time C.security D.comfort27．A.simply B.normally C.remarkably D.partially28．A.gains B.attempts C.sighs D.talks29．A.impressed B.honored C.spared D.pursued30．A.adults B.teammates C.teens D.workers31．A.offered B.collected C.committed D.created32．A.survey B.budget C.campaign D.money33．A.thought B.person C.practice D.surprise34．A.spread B.repeated C.hosted D.consulted35．A.believein B.bringin C.waitfor D.setaside【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者每年都會給自己孩子一些錢去做善事，以此來教育孩子要樂于助人的故事。【答案】21.A22.C23.C24.B25.D26.D27.B28.A29.B30.C31.A32.D33.D34.B35.C21．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：唯一的要求是，他們必須把它贈送出去。A.request請求，要求；B.question問題；C.complaint投訴；D.action行動。由下文“theyhavetogiveitaway”可知，作者這里“要求”孩子們把錢贈送出去。故選A項。22．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們知道這是一大筆錢，所以他們在使用時很小心。A.nervous緊張的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.careful小心的；D.ambitious雄心勃勃的。由上文“Theyknowitisalotofmoney”可知，他們知道這是一大筆錢，所以要“小心”使用。故選C項。23．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的工作是找出我們社區(qū)中誰在做讓他們感覺良好的事情，然后決定誰會得到這筆錢，以及為什么。A.school學(xué)校；B.world世界；C.community社區(qū)；D.family家庭。由下文“Andpeopleinthecommunity,whoareoftenvolunteeringtheirowntimeandmoney”可知，這里指孩子們需要在“社區(qū)”找要贈送錢的人。故選C項。24．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的工作是找出我們社區(qū)中誰在做讓他們感覺良好的事情，然后決定誰會得到這筆錢，以及為什么。A.indicate表示；B.decide決定；C.decline下降；D.reject拒絕。由下文“whowillgetthemoney,andwhy”可知，作者這里讓孩子們“決定”把錢給誰。故選B項。25．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：捐錢，即使只有十或二十美元，也是了解你所在社區(qū)人們正在做的積極工作的好方法。A.physical身體的；B.accurate準確的；C.complex復(fù)雜的；D.positive積極樂觀的。由下文“peoplearedoingrightinyourownneighborhood”以及語境可知，這里指捐款是了解你所在社區(qū)人們正在做的“積極”工作的好方法。故選D項。26．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它讓我們走出舒適區(qū)，四處詢問，與我們通常不會交談的人交談，并詢問難題是什么，以及人們正在做什么來讓他們變得更好。A.development發(fā)展；B.time時間；C.security安全；D.comfort安慰，舒適。由下文“askaround,talktopeoplewewouldn’t______talkto”可知，這里指要走出“舒適”區(qū)，去四處詢問，與他人溝通。故選D項。27．【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：它讓我們走出舒適區(qū)，四處詢問，與我們通常不會交談的人交談，并詢問難題是什么，以及人們正在做什么來讓他們變得更好。A.simply簡單地；B.normally通常；C.remarkably顯著地；D.partially部分地。由上文“talktopeoplewewouldn’t”可知，這里指要和“通?！蔽覀儾粫徽劦娜私徽?。故選B項。28．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：人人皆有收獲。A.gains獲得，收獲；B.attempts嘗試；C.sighs嘆氣；D.talks談話。由下文“Mykidslearnaboutthecommunityandthepowerofgiving.Andpeopleinthecommunity,whoareoftenvolunteeringtheirowntimeandmoney,feelthattheireffortsareseenand_____insomeway.”可知，這里指作者孩子和社區(qū)的人皆有“收獲”。故選A項。29．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：社區(qū)里的人們經(jīng)常自愿投入自己的時間和金錢，他們覺得自己的努力在某種程度上得到了認可和尊重。A.impressed給……留下了深刻印象；B.honored尊重；C.spared不遺余力；D.pursued追求。由上文“feelthattheireffortsareseenand”可知，這里指社區(qū)人們感覺自己的努力獲得了認可和“尊重”。故選B項。30．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，他們都選擇把錢捐給一個收容逃亡青少年的收容所。A.adults成年人；B.teammates隊友；C.teens青少年；D.workers工人。由下文“suggestionsorinstructionstoyoungpeople”可知，這里指捐錢給“青少年”的收容所。故選C項。31．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們參觀了一些為年輕人提供建議或指導(dǎo)的地方，覺得這個地方特別受歡迎。A.offered提供；B.collected收集；C.committed承諾；D.created創(chuàng)建。由下文“suggestionsorinstructionstoyoungpeople”可知，這里指他們參觀了一個給年輕人“提出”建議或指導(dǎo)的地方。故選A項。32．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當他們把錢交給負責人時，負責人根本不知道這些孩子是“慈善家”，每個人都驚訝于這一天的結(jié)果有多好。A.survey調(diào)查；B.budget預(yù)算；C.campaign運動；D.money錢。由上文“theyhavetogiveitaway”以及“Igivethemeach$100”可知，這里指孩子把“錢”給了收容所負責人。故選D項。33．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當他們把錢交給負責人時，負責人根本不知道這些孩子是“慈善家”，每個人都驚訝于這一天的結(jié)果有多好。A.thought想法；B.person人；C.practice實踐；D.surprise驚喜。由下文“howgoodthedayturnedouttobe”以及語境可知，這里指人們都“驚訝”發(fā)現(xiàn)這一天是多么美好。故選D項。34．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：可以盡可能頻繁地重復(fù)此活動。A.spread散布；B.repeated重復(fù)；C.hosted主持；D.consulted咨詢。由下文“asoftenaspossible”以及語境可知，這里指這樣的活動應(yīng)該盡可能多地“重復(fù)”做。故選B項。35．【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：你不需要等待假期，也不需要孩子。A.believein相信；B.bringin引入；C.waitfor等待；D.setaside擱置。由下文“Youcandoityourself,onanydayyoulike”可知，這里指我們不需要“等待”到假期時才做，我們隨時都可以做這樣的好事。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThisisthefamousSanxingduiRuinssite,whichisinSouthwestChina’sSichuanprovince.TheSanxingduiRuins____36____(believe)tobetheremnants(遺跡)oftheShuKingdom,datingbacksome5,000to3,000years.Ancientcitywalls,palacesandmanygold,ivoryandbronze____37____(artifact)unearthedhere____38____(true)provedtheexistenceoftheancientShuKingdomandthediversityofChinesecivilization.The____39____(culture)relicsunearthedherelookquiteexotic.Themostrepresentativeoneisabronzemaskwithprotrudingeyes.Themaskis66centimetersin____40____(high)and138centimeterswide.Itsweightisabout71.9kilograms,similarto____41____ofanadultman.Ithasupturnedbrows,almondeyes,hugeearsandamysterioussmile.It’seyesstickout16centimeters,justlikeatelescopelookingupatthesky.Itsmysteriousappearancehasarousedheateddiscussionamongresearchers.TheexaggeratedeyesandearsreflectadesireoftheancientShupeople,____42____wereunabletoseeorhearanythinginthedistanceduetolackofnecessarytools.Therefore,whenmakingtheb