2022年10月自考00015英語(yǔ)二真題及答案含解析

英語(yǔ)（二）年月真題

00015202210

1、【單選題】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Itisbelievedthatminoritykids

oftenhaveself-esteemproblem.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：A

解析：根據(jù)文章第一段“Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,have

beeneducatedaccordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthat

thisdeficiencyiscentraltoanyproblems...”可知人們認(rèn)為一代又一代的孩子，尤

其是少數(shù)民族的孩子，缺乏自尊心。因此題干說(shuō)法正確，答案選A。

2、【單選題】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Anewresearchshowsthathigh

self-esteemisessentialtosuccess.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：B

解析：根據(jù)文章第二段“Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.”可知新的研究表明并不是自尊高的人成就比較大。因

此題干說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤，答案選B。

3、【單選題】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Parentsareresponsiblefortheir

children'sself-esteem.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：C

解析：全文未提及父母，因此答案選C。

4、【單選題】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Anti-socialbehaviorisrelatedto

lowself-esteem.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：B

解析：根據(jù)文章第二段“Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengagein,far

moreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.”可知高自尊的人會(huì)比

低自尊的人做出更多的反社會(huì)行為。因此題干說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤，答案選B。

5、【單選題】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Racistshavelowself-esteem.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：B

解析：根據(jù)文章第三段“Racists,streetthugsandschoolbulliesallhavehigh

scoresontheself-esteemtests.”可知種族主義者在自尊測(cè)試中有很高的分?jǐn)?shù)。因此

題干說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤，答案選B。

6、【單選題】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Peoplewithhighself-esteemare

hurtmoreeasily.

True

A:

False

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：A

解析：根據(jù)文章第三段“Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularly

offendedifotherpeopledon'ttreatyouthatway.”可知自尊心強(qiáng)的人會(huì)因?yàn)閯e人不

像想象中這樣對(duì)待自己而感到非常生氣。這題通過(guò)推理可知自尊心強(qiáng)的人更容易受到傷

害。因此題干說(shuō)法正確，答案選A。

7、【單選題】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Collegestudentsarefacedwith

higheconomicpressure.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：C

解析：全文未提及經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力，因此答案選C。

8、【單選題】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Collegeteachersareoftenannoyed

withstudents'highself-esteem.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：A

解析：根據(jù)文章第四段“Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthe

highself-esteemoftheirstudents.”可知大學(xué)老師經(jīng)常抱怨學(xué)生自尊心太強(qiáng)。因此題

干說(shuō)法正確，答案選A。

9、【單選題】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Highgradeshelpstudentsknowthe

truthofthemselves.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：B

解析：根據(jù)文章第五段“Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,

makethekidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,the

kidcandevelopself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.”可知高分并不能

幫助學(xué)生了解真正的自己。因此題干說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤，答案選B。

10、【單選題】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.SomecollegestudentsmayfindaC

gradeoffending.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：A

解析：根據(jù)文章第五段“Whenhe'stoldheisgettingaCgradeincollege,he

canthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremelyangry.”可知當(dāng)學(xué)生知道自己的大學(xué)成績(jī)是

C時(shí)，他會(huì)感到深深的冒犯或極度憤怒。因此題干說(shuō)法正確，答案選A。

11、【單選題】OrganicFarmingDuringthousandsofyearsofhuman

civilization,theraisingofanimalsandgrowingofplantshavealwaysbeen

organic.Chemicalsforfarmingfirstcameupattheturnofthe20th

century.WidespreaduseofchemicalsbeganafterWorldWarII.Inthe1950sand60s

farmersstartedusingchemicalfertilizersandpesticides(殺蟲(chóng)

劑).Recently,however,moreandmorefarmershavebeenreturningtoorganicfarming.

Inorganicfarming,farmproductsareproducedinmorenaturalways.Crops,meatand

otherfoodareproducedwithoutchemicals.Chemicalfertilizers,pesticides,and

growthhormones(激素)areforbidden.Farmersenrichthesoilwithnatural

fertilizers.Theypulloutweedsbyhand.Hayandstrawareputbetweentherowsof

plantstostopweeding.Theyrelyonthenaturalenemiesofpeststocontrol

pests.Animalsarefedorganicallyandcaneatgrassoutdoors.Cows,forexample,are

keptinpastures(操場(chǎng))andfields.Vegetablesandfruitarealsoproducedwith

organicmethods.Organicfarmingenjoysmanyadvantages.Forexample,crop

rotationcanpreservethegoodqualitiesofsoils.Thegrowingofdifferentcrops

cankeepsoilshealthyandfertile.Organicfarmingishealthierforfarm

workers,andtherearefewerremainsofchemicalsinfood.Inthelongrun,organic

farmssaveenergyandprotecttheenvironment.Itcanslowdownglobalwarmingand

reducethepollutionofgroundwater.Meanwhile,therearesome

disadvantages.Organicfoodismoreexpensive.Organicproductsmaycostupto

40%more.Productioncostsarehigherasfarmersneedmoreworkers,andtheland

outputismuchless.Marketinganddistributionisnotefficientbecauseorganic

foodisprovidedinsmalleramount.Cropillnessmayhappenvery

often.Besides,organicfarmingcannotproduceenoughfoodfortheworld's

populationtosurvive.Thiscouldleadtostarvationincountriesthatcanproduce

enoughfoodtoday.Organicfarming____.

startedinthe1950s

hadashorthistory

A:

hasbecomepopularinrecentyears

B:

waspromotedbyWorldWarII

C:

答D:案：C

解析：根據(jù)文章第一段“Recently,however,moreandmorefarmershavebeen

returningtoorganicfarming.”可知最近越來(lái)越多的農(nóng)民已經(jīng)回到有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)，也就是有

機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)近幾年變得受歡迎。因此答案選C。

12、【單選題】OrganicFarmingDuringthousandsofyearsofhuman

civilization,theraisingofanimalsandgrowingofplantshavealwaysbeen

organic.Chemicalsforfarmingfirstcameupattheturnofthe20th

century.WidespreaduseofchemicalsbeganafterWorldWarII.Inthe1950sand60s

farmersstartedusingchemicalfertilizersandpesticides(殺蟲(chóng)

劑).Recently,however,moreandmorefarmershavebeenreturningtoorganicfarming.

Inorganicfarming,farmproductsareproducedinmorenaturalways.Crops,meatand

otherfoodareproducedwithoutchemicals.Chemicalfertilizers,pesticides,and

growthhormones(激素)areforbidden.Farmersenrichthesoilwithnatural

fertilizers.Theypulloutweedsbyhand.Hayandstrawareputbetweentherowsof

plantstostopweeding.Theyrelyonthenaturalenemiesofpeststocontrol

pests.Animalsarefedorganicallyandcaneatgrassoutdoors.Cows,forexample,are

keptinpastures(操場(chǎng))andfields.Vegetablesandfruitarealsoproducedwith

organicmethods.Organicfarmingenjoysmanyadvantages.Forexample,crop

rotationcanpreservethegoodqualitiesofsoils.Thegrowingofdifferentcrops

cankeepsoilshealthyandfertile.Organicfarmingishealthierforfarm

workers,andtherearefewerremainsofchemicalsinfood.Inthelongrun,organic

farmssaveenergyandprotecttheenvironment.Itcanslowdownglobalwarmingand

reducethepollutionofgroundwater.Meanwhile,therearesome

disadvantages.Organicfoodismoreexpensive.Organicproductsmaycostupto

40%more.Productioncostsarehigherasfarmersneedmoreworkers,andtheland

outputismuchless.Marketinganddistributionisnotefficientbecauseorganic

foodisprovidedinsmalleramount.Cropillnessmayhappenvery

often.Besides,organicfarmingcannotproduceenoughfoodfortheworld's

populationtosurvive.Thiscouldleadtostarvationincountriesthatcanproduce

enoughfoodtoday.Inorganicfarming_____.

cowscanmovearoundinfields

naturalenemiesofpestsarescarce

A:

chemicalsareusedtokillpests

B:

machinesareusedtopulloutweeds

C:

答D:案：A

解析：本題用排除法，文章第二段講到有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)方式，表明食品的生產(chǎn)不使用化學(xué)

物質(zhì)，而是使用天然肥料。農(nóng)民用手拔雜草，并且是依靠害蟲(chóng)的天敵來(lái)控制害蟲(chóng)，因而害

蟲(chóng)的天敵數(shù)量不應(yīng)該是缺乏的，根據(jù)以上內(nèi)容排除B、C、D選項(xiàng)。第二段“Cows,for

example,arekeptinpasturesandfields.（例如，牛被養(yǎng)在牧場(chǎng)和田野里。）”符

合A選項(xiàng)說(shuō)法，因此答案選A。

13、【單選題】OrganicFarmingDuringthousandsofyearsofhuma

civilization,theraisingofanimalsandgrowingofplantshavealwaysbeen

organic.Chemicalsforfarmingfirstcameupattheturnofthe20th

century.WidespreaduseofchemicalsbeganafterWorldWarII.Inthe1950sand60s

farmersstartedusingchemicalfertilizersandpesticides(殺蟲(chóng)

劑).Recently,however,moreandmorefarmershavebeenreturningtoorganicfarming.

Inorganicfarming,farmproductsareproducedinmorenaturalways.Crops,meatand

otherfoodareproducedwithoutchemicals.Chemicalfertilizers,pesticides,and

growthhormones(激素)areforbidden.Farmersenrichthesoilwithnatural

fertilizers.Theypulloutweedsbyhand.Hayandstrawareputbetweentherowsof

plantstostopweeding.Theyrelyonthenaturalenemiesofpeststocontrol

pests.Animalsarefedorganicallyandcaneatgrassoutdoors.Cows,forexample,are

keptinpastures(操場(chǎng))andfields.Vegetablesandfruitarealsoproducedwith

organicmethods.Organicfarmingenjoysmanyadvantages.Forexample,crop

rotationcanpreservethegoodqualitiesofsoils.Thegrowingofdifferentcrops

cankeepsoilshealthyandfertile.Organicfarmingishealthierforfarm

workers,andtherearefewerremainsofchemicalsinfood.Inthelongrun,organic

farmssaveenergyandprotecttheenvironment.Itcanslowdownglobalwarmingand

reducethepollutionofgroundwater.Meanwhile,therearesome

disadvantages.Organicfoodismoreexpensive.Organicproductsmaycostupto

40%more.Productioncostsarehigherasfarmersneedmoreworkers,andtheland

outputismuchless.Marketingandd