《新概念英語(yǔ)》第三冊(cè)課文詳解及課后答案

《新概念英語(yǔ)》第三冊(cè)課文詳解及課后答案Unit3Lesson21NewconceptEnglish3PAGE14《新概念英語(yǔ)》第三冊(cè)課文詳解及課后答案目錄§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲獅 1§Lesson2Thirteenequalsone十三等于一 5§Lesson3Anunknowngoddess無(wú)名女神 8§Lesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs阿爾弗雷德。布洛格斯的雙重生活 12§Lesson5Thefacts確切數(shù)字 16§Lesson6Smash-andgrab砸櫥窗搶劫 19§Lesson7Mutilatedladies殘鈔鑒別組 23§Lesson8Afamousmonastery著名的修道院 26§Lesson9Flyingcats飛貓 29§Lesson10ThelossoftheTitanic“泰坦尼克“號(hào)的沉沒(méi) 32§Lesson11Notguilty無(wú)罪 37§Lesson12Lifeonadesertisland荒島生活 41§Lesson13‘It’sonlyme’“是我，別害怕” 44§Lesson14Anoblegangster貴族歹徒 48§Lesson15Fiftypenceworthoftrouble五十便士的麻煩 52§Lesson16Maryhadalittlelamb瑪麗有一頭小羔羊 56§Lesson17Thelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld世界上最長(zhǎng)的吊橋 59§Lesson18Electriccurrentsinmodernart現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)中的電流 63§Lesson19Averydearcat一只貴重的寶貝貓 67§Lesson20Pioneerpilots飛行員的先驅(qū) 70§Lesson21DanielMendoza丹尼爾·門(mén)多薩 73§Lesson22Byheart熟記臺(tái)詞 75§Lesson23Oneman’smeatisanotherman’spoison各有所愛(ài) 79§Lesson24Askeletoninthecupboard“家丑” 83§Lesson25TheCuttySark“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)帆船 87§Lesson26Wanted:alargebiscuittin征購(gòu)大餅干筒 90§Lesson27Nothingtosellandnothingtobuy不賣(mài)也不買(mǎi) 94§Lesson28Fivepoundstoodear五鎊太貴 97§Lesson29Funnyornot?是否可笑？ 101§Lesson30Thedeathofaghost幽靈之死 104§Lesson31Alovableeccentric可愛(ài)的怪人 107§Lesson32Alostship一艘沉船 111§Lesson33Adaytoremember難忘的一天 114§Lesson34Ahappydiscovery幸運(yùn)的發(fā)現(xiàn) 118§Lesson35Justicewasdone伸張正義 123§Lesson36Achanceinamillion百萬(wàn)分之一的機(jī)遇 126§Lesson37TheWesthavenExpress開(kāi)往威斯特海溫的快車(chē) 129§Lesson38Thefirstcalender最早的日歷 132§Lesson39Nothingtoworryabout不必?fù)?dān)心 136§Lesson40Who’swho真假難辨 140§Lesson41Illusionsofpastoralpeace寧?kù)o田園生活的遐想 142§Lesson43Fullyinsured全保險(xiǎn) 149§Lesson44Speedandcomfort又快捷又舒適 152§Lesson45Thepowerofthepress新聞報(bào)道的威力 160§Lesson46Doityourself自己動(dòng)手 164§Lesson47Toohighaprice?代價(jià)太高 169§Lesson48Thesilentvillage沉默的村莊 174§Lesson49Theidealservant理想的仆人 176§Lesson50NewYearresolutions新年的決心 178§Lesson52Mudismud實(shí)事求是 183§Lesson53Inthepublicinterest為了公眾的利益 188§Lesson54Instinctorcleverness?是本能還是機(jī)智 192§Lesson58Aspotofbother一點(diǎn)兒小麻煩 197§Lesson59Collecting收藏 199§Lesson60Tooearlyandtoolate太早和太晚 205PAGE2/209§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲獅【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)◆puma n.美洲獅◆spot v.看出，發(fā)現(xiàn)◆evidence n.證據(jù)◆accumulate v.積累，積聚◆oblige v.使…感到必須◆hunt n.追獵；尋找◆blackberry n.黑莓◆humanbeing 人類(lèi)◆corner v.使走投無(wú)路，使陷入困境◆trail n.一串，一系列◆print n.印痕◆cling(clung,clung) v.粘◆convince v.使…信服◆somehow adv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因◆disturb v.令人不安學(xué)習(xí)詞匯時(shí)僅知道漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)義是不夠的，要把單詞放在語(yǔ)句中體會(huì)其應(yīng)用；學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)鍵句型結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)則要把它放在段落結(jié)構(gòu)或文章里★spotv.看出，發(fā)現(xiàn)pickout/see/recognize/catchsightofeg:Atallmaniseasytospotinthecrowd.Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.他有敏銳的識(shí)別錯(cuò)誤的能力。spot(做動(dòng)詞時(shí)候)=see:強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果、辨別出、看見(jiàn)、識(shí)別、發(fā)現(xiàn)。find強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果。findout查出事實(shí)真相。discover做出重大發(fā)現(xiàn)notice注意到observe觀察watch觀察活動(dòng)中的人或畫(huà)面spotn.斑點(diǎn)eg:Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.onthespot1,立刻，馬上（atonce,immediately）Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.2,attheplaceoftheaction在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)Whereversheisneeded,sheisquicklyonthespot.★evidence[u]n.證據(jù)Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroyedtheevidence.evidence=proofinevidence:顯而易見(jiàn)的.Hewasinevidenceattheparty.evidentlyadv.evidentadj.★accumulatevt,vi.積累，積聚accumulate強(qiáng)調(diào)積累的過(guò)程Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.gathervt.聚集，把某人召集在某處collect收集，采集assemble集合，集會(huì)，vt.裝配hoard大量地貯存Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter.hoardup=storeupamass積聚（主要用于詩(shī)歌和文學(xué)作品）★obligev.使…感到必須feelobligedtodosth.感覺(jué)有必要做某事beobligedtodosth被迫做某事★huntn.追獵；尋找runafter強(qiáng)調(diào)追趕、追求.seek追尋（夢(mèng)想，理想）=pursuechase追趕.huntforsearch搜尋某處為了尋找到某人或某物★cornerv.使走投無(wú)路，使陷入困境cornern.角落atthecornerofthestreetinthecorneroftheroomonthecornerofthedeskbecornered………被逼得走投無(wú)路常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Thethiefwascorneredatlast.Theproblemcorneredme.這個(gè)問(wèn)題把我難例了?！飔railn.一串，一系列trail==followvt.跟蹤eg:Thepolicetrailedthecriminaltotheplacewherehewashiding.★cling(clung,clung)v.粘eg:Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother.Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed.(抱有，懷有)stick粘住stickto堅(jiān)持stickyadj.粘的★convincevt.使…信服convincesb.ofsth使sb相信sth和賓語(yǔ)從句that搭配使用沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)的情況下要采用主系表結(jié)構(gòu)：beconvincedsbbeconvicnedsb相信★somehowadv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因bysomemeans,insomeway,forsomereasonunknownsomewhat==alittle★disturbv.令人不安 disturbingadj.令人不安的 disturbed 感到不安的 surprising 令人吃驚的 surprised 感到吃驚的 exciting 令人激動(dòng)的 excited 感到激動(dòng)的【課文講解】atlarge1：逃遁的，沒(méi)有被控制的。2：詳細(xì)的(indetail)3：總體來(lái)講（asawhole）在英文的表達(dá)方式中，首先呈現(xiàn)給讀者的是結(jié)果。寫(xiě)議論文的時(shí)候要注意把握觀點(diǎn)eg:Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAsia.life-like栩栩如生的一般來(lái)講定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句緊隨在被修飾名詞后面，但為了保持句子平衡，也可以把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞放到從句之前定語(yǔ)從句只是對(duì)于被修飾詞的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明、修飾。同位語(yǔ)從句則是講述被修飾名詞的內(nèi)容定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞：指人：主語(yǔ)who;賓語(yǔ)who/whom;定語(yǔ)whose表達(dá)事物：that(也可指人)/which時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：when;地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)：where;原因狀語(yǔ)：why同位語(yǔ)從句：名詞做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that而不是which時(shí)間when;地點(diǎn)whereeg:Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim.定語(yǔ)從句中沒(méi)有what這個(gè)關(guān)系詞，但它可以引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句(Anidea)…cometosb.某人突然想到了……takesth.seriously==dealwithsth.seriously認(rèn)真（嚴(yán)肅）對(duì)待某事takesth.lightly:草率對(duì)待某事as隨著過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)聲稱(chēng)曾經(jīng)作過(guò)某事：claimtohavedonesthIstillremembertheschoolwhereIstudiedEnglish.confirm:besure,becertainsearch=hunt把某物留在后面：leavebehindWhereverhewent,thewoundsoldierleftbehindhimatrailofblood.傷員所到之處，都留下道道血跡。英文的表達(dá)方式重點(diǎn)在于突出客觀事實(shí)，而中文則善于運(yùn)用動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者complainof/about:抱怨on+名詞：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行ontherise:在上升ontheincrease:在增加onthewatch:在觀看onthematch:在比賽中onthefishingtrip:在釣魚(yú)的途中onholiday:在度假fully:completely,entirelyinthepossessionofsb==insb'spossession歸某人所有inpossessionofsth.擁有某物takepossessionof擁有eg:Thebeautifulcarisinmypossession/inthepossessionofme.Iaminpossessionofthebeautifulcar.Thepersoninpossessionofthebighouseisexcited.Itisdisturbingtothinkthat一想到………就心里不安eg:ItisdisturbingtothinkthatIfeltmyexamination.熟讀并背誦第一自然段總結(jié)：atlargetakesth.seriouslyclingtoleavebehindcomplainofinthepossessionof/inpossessionoffeelobligedtoinvestigateawomanpickingblackberriesabusinessmanonafishingtripgoonseveralweeksinthequietcountryside【Exercises】A.Completethesesentencesbyaddingasuitablewordtotheendofeachone:1Whatareyoulooking?2Whereisyourmothergoing?3Whomhastheletterbeensent?4ThisisthehouseIwasborn?5Whatdoesyourdecisiondepend?key:1at/for2to3to4in5onB.Writethesesentencesagainchangingthepositionofthewordsinitalics.Wherepossible,omitthewordswhomorwhich.1Heisthemanaboutwhomwehaveheardsomuch.2Theshelfonwhichyouputthosebookshascollapsed.3Fromwhomdidyoureceivealetter?4Thisistheroadbywhichwecame.5Whereisthepencilwithwhichyouwereplaying?key:1Heisthemanwehaveheardsomuch.2Theshelfyouputthosebookshascollapsed.3whomdidyoureceivealetterfrom?4Thisistheroadwecameby.5Whereisthepencilyouwereplaying?注意：3whom不能省略定語(yǔ)從句中which以及指代人的做賓語(yǔ)的whom,在非正式用法當(dāng)中可以省略。省略時(shí)，介詞不能前置到關(guān)系代詞whom,which前，只能用于非固定的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后面。以look為例lookat:注視lookfor:尋找介詞不能前置livein:居住介詞可以前置eg:Thisistheoldhouseinwhichhelived./Thisistheoldhousehelivedin【Multiplechoicequestions】多項(xiàng)選擇題P171.Expertseventuallydecidedtoinvestigate.a.becausetheydidnotbelievethatpumasexistedinEngland.b.becausetheywantedapumafortheLondonZoo.c.whenawomansawapumainasmallvillage.d.becausepeople’sdescriptionsofthepumahadalotincommon.要求陳述原因：1．Dincommon-similar2.Whatparticularpieceofevidencepersuadedtheexpertsthatapumahadbeenseeninthevillage?a.Thepumahadnotattackedthewoman.b.Thewomanhaddescribedtheanimalshehadseenas‘a(chǎn)largecat’.c.Apumahadcomeveryclosetoahumanbeing.d.Thepumahadbehavedlikeacat.A只是一個(gè)具體的特定的事例，閱讀理解題的時(shí)候要把握中心大意Blargecat關(guān)鍵性用詞2.BPumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.3.Whatwastheproblemtheexpertswereunabletosolve?a.Howthepumahadmanagedtocoversuchgreatdistanceswithinaday.b.Howthepumahadescapedfromazoo.c.Whomthepumahadbelongedto.d.Howthepumahadclimbedatree.A文章中未提到3．C做理解題時(shí)要緊扣主題，緊扣中心大意文章最后一句話(huà)總結(jié)了大意：Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.句型結(jié)構(gòu)題和詞匯題是關(guān)鍵4.Theaccumulatingevidencemadetheexpertstheanimalwasapuma.(lines4-6)a.tothinkb.thinkingc.thinkd.thoughtmakemakesb.do,bemadetodo主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不定式to的符號(hào)應(yīng)該省略被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不定式to的符號(hào)必須補(bǔ)充完整5Peoplesaidthepuma.(lines5-6)a.tohaveseenb.toseec.theysawd.theyhadseen把say改成claimPeopleclaimedtohaveseenthepuma.5.D清楚的道明了動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后關(guān)系6,itimmediatelyranaway.(lines8-9)a.Observingherb.Onbeingobservedc.Havingbeenobservedd.Onherbeingobserved與原句中的when意思要一致，when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句表示一結(jié)構(gòu)形式和assoonas相一致的如果用主動(dòng)：Onobservingher,itimmediatelyranaway.Onseeingme,hewavedtome.6．B7Pumasneverattackahumanbeingexceptcornered.(lines9)a.theyareb.beingc.thattheyared.whentheyare原句中unlesif…not/exceptontheconditionthatwhen=ifexcept可以和名詞/名詞性從句進(jìn)行搭配，也可以是when/if引導(dǎo)的從句形式。7．D8Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalapuma.(lines13-14)a.mustbeb.shouldhavebeenc.canonlybed.couldonlyhavebeenmustbe只是對(duì)客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)的推測(cè)，時(shí)態(tài)不一致8．D情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表達(dá)推測(cè)的語(yǔ)意概念時(shí)，對(duì)于過(guò)去事實(shí)推測(cè)一定要用于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have以及過(guò)去分詞形式進(jìn)行搭配。9Thewomansaw‘a(chǎn)largecat’fiveyardsawayfromher.(lines7-8)a.atleastb.fourorc.nomorethand.withinnomorethan=onlywithin=notmorethan9.C10Apumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitfeelsitselftobe.(line9)a.inacornerb.inatrapc.atanangled.undercoverinacorner表示處于困境、尷尬的境地inatrap表示落于陷阱中atanangle表示彎曲的、不直的10．B11Abusinessmanonafishingtripisprobablysomeonewho.(line13)a.sellsfishb.fishesforpleasurec.netsfishd.earnshislivingasafishermanfishesforpleasure釣魚(yú)為了游玩12Aprivatecollectorisamanwhocollects.(lines15-16)a.forhisownbenefitb.onhisownc.inprivated.unknowntothepublic12．Aonhisown=alone§Lesson2Thirteenequalsone十三等于一【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)◆equal v.等于◆raise v.募集；籌（款）◆vicar n.牧師◆torchlight n.電筒光★equal v.等于AequalB與…相匹敵Noneofuscanequalher,eitherinbeautyorasadancer.eg:MaryisquiteequaltoJohninbrains.beequalto+n:1.與…相匹敵2.有能力做某事to-介詞eg:Iamequaltorunningthecompany.★raisev.募集；籌（款）raisemoney籌款raiseprice提高raiseahorse飼養(yǎng)raiseafamily供養(yǎng)raisewheet種植小麥raiseanarmy招募raiseashout發(fā)出喊聲★vicar n.牧師★torchlight n.電筒光【課文講解】現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和always等頻度副詞的搭配——表示說(shuō)話(huà)人帶有的情感色彩Tomisalwaysdoinghomework.Tomisalwaysdoeshishomework.Heisalwaysmakingnoises.oneoranother表示某種、這樣或那樣getenoughmoney籌集足夠的資金來(lái)做某事Ihavetogetenoughmoneytohavemyhouserepaired.havethechurchclockrepairedhavesth.done找某人來(lái)做某事havetheplanerepairedhavehaircut某人所遭受到的意外某種情況主語(yǔ)必須是發(fā)出動(dòng)作的人Hiswalletwasstolen.Hehadhiswalletstolen.usedto:過(guò)去常常做，而現(xiàn)在不再發(fā)生的事情了Heusedtosmokeeveryday.however用于口語(yǔ)，主要用于句首，作文中，最好用在句中、句尾，要用逗號(hào)分隔開(kāi)來(lái)Hesaidthatitwasso,hewasmistake,however.or:Hesaidthatitwasso,however,hewasmistake.Iknowhisstory,however,Iwouldn’tliketotellyou.Iknowhisstory,I,however,wouldn’tliketotellyou.however可用neverthelessnonetheless替換start:驚跳、驚奇Eg:Thevoicemadehimstart.Whatastartyougiveme.你真嚇了我一跳Hestoodupwithastart.before…才Nearlyaweekpastbeforehecouldexplainwhathadhappentohim.Armedwithatorch…現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的用法looking分詞做狀語(yǔ)/定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一定要注意它和邏輯主語(yǔ)要呼應(yīng)一致Inthetorchlight非正式用語(yǔ)中whom可以省略掉recognizedsbas認(rèn)出某人是regardsbas,thinkofsbas,treatsbas(把某人對(duì)待為),haveonsbas（把某人尊敬為）whatever:ever用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣nightafternight一夜連著一夜dayafterday/yearafteryear/weekafterweek/busafterbusyoucertainlydidgiveme…did肯定句中常用do,did,does加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣和情感色彩，一定要位于動(dòng)詞原形之前。Eg:Youdolikebeautytoday.aswell用在句尾相當(dāng)于too,主要用在肯定句中，但比too所表達(dá)的語(yǔ)意更優(yōu)秀still用于句首，用逗號(hào)分隔開(kāi)來(lái)，表達(dá)一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系。雖然如此，但是getusedto,beusedtodo,beaccustomedto,getaccustomedto都表示習(xí)慣于get強(qiáng)調(diào)漸進(jìn)的過(guò)程，be強(qiáng)調(diào)習(xí)慣了的狀態(tài)Eg:Weareusedtothecoldweatherhere.Youwillgetusedtothecoldweatherhere.你很快會(huì)適應(yīng)這寒冷的天氣的?！維pecialdifficulties】P20In1．prep表達(dá)驚奇，恐懼，失望或生氣等感情色彩的名詞搭配連用,在句中起狀語(yǔ)的作用insurprise;inastonishment;inalarm;inembarrassment;inamazement;indespair;indismay;inanger;indisappointment2．prep表達(dá)以、用:用于語(yǔ)言，書(shū)寫(xiě)材料，色彩或聲音等方面inEnglish;inpencil;inink;inafewwords;insuchahighvoice;inoil;inred;incode3,用于狀態(tài)、情況或處境introuble;indifficulty;inbed;inahurry;indebt;inlovewithsb;intears;ingoodorder;ingoodrepair;ingoodhealth;inporhealth;inthebadmood;inthegoodmood;inhaste;inafavorofexcitement;inpoverty;inluxury【Exercise】Useaphrasewithininplaceofthewordsinitalics1Ilefthomeveryquicklysoasnottomissthetrain.2IsupposeIshallfinishthiseventually.3Intheearlymorningtherewasnotapersontobeseen.4ShallIwritewithapenorwithapencil?5Theyhaven’tmanyinterestswhichtheyshare.6Whyisthatlittlegirlcrying?key:1inahurry2intheend3insight4inink/inpencil5incommon6intears【Multiplechoicequestions】多項(xiàng)選擇題Comprehension理解1Thechurchclockdidnotworkbecause.aitwastooexpensivetorepairbitdisturbedthevicar’ssleepcBillWilkinsonlyworkedatnightdthebellhadbeenoutoforderformanyyears1.D∽wasdamaged2ThevicarwassurprisedtoseeBillWilkinsintheclocktowerbecause.a.BillWilkinshadbeenhopingtosurprisehimb.itwasanunusualtimeandplacetofindhimc.hehadexpectedtofindafigured.theclockhadstruckthirteentimes2.B3ThevicarofferedBillWilkinsacupofteabecause.a.hethoughtthatBillWilkinswasthirstyb.thankstohim,theclockwouldnowstrikeonceanhourc.hewasgratefulforthetroubleBillwilkinshadtakend.hewaspleasedtohavebeenwokenupfornothing為…表示感謝：begratefulfor/bethankfulfor不辭辛勞地做某事：takethetroubletodosth.3.CStructure4Inthepastthebigclockthehours.(ll3-4)a.struckalwaysb.alwaysstruckc.wasalwaysstrikingd.hasalwaysbeenstrikingInthepast是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志；always用在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前4.B5Itwasnotuntilthethirteenthstrokethebellstopped.(l.7)a.beforeb.whenc.sothatd.thatItwasnotuntil…that…一直到才Eg:Itwasnotuntilmidnightthatsnowstopped.5.D6ThevicaraskedBilldoinginthechurchtower.(l.10)a.whatwasheb.whathewasc.whatheisd.whateverwashe賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序是陳述句語(yǔ)序6．B7‘Iitallright,butI’mafraid…’(ll15-16)a.shallmendb.ammendingc.havemendedd.mended突出結(jié)果或者對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)7．C8‘We’llgetusedtothat,Bill.’(l.17)a.hearingb.hearc.thesoundd.havingheardto介詞，表示習(xí)慣于8．AVocabulary9Moneywhichiscollectedforacauseisknownas.(ll.1-2)a.cashb.afundc.ascholarshipd.aninvestmentfund基金cash現(xiàn)金scholarship獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金investment投資9．B10Agrocerisamanwho.a.runsashopb.eatsalotc.sellsbreadd.surprisespeoplerunsashop經(jīng)營(yíng)商店10．A11‘I’vebeencominghereforweeksnow.’(l.11)a.everynightb.allnightc.thefollowingnightd.severalnightsnightafternight=everynight11.A12‘.I’mgladthebellisworkingagain.’(l.14)a.Yetb.Goodc.Justthesamed.Evennowstill盡管如此，依舊，仍然=Justthesame12．CIt’sraining,stillImustgoout.still連接性副詞，相當(dāng)于inspiteofthat,eventhough,justthesameyet但是，然而Ihavefailed,yetIshalltryagain.Thispictureisnottoovaluable,stillIlikeit.§Lesson3Anunknowngoddess無(wú)名女神【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)◆goddess n.女神◆archaeologist n.考古學(xué)家◆Aegean adj.愛(ài)琴海的◆explore v.考察，勘探◆promontory n.海角◆prosperous adj.（經(jīng)濟(jì)上）繁榮的，昌盛的◆civilization n.文明◆storey n.樓層◆drainage n.排水◆worship n.崇拜◆sacred adj.宗教的，神圣的◆fragment n.碎片◆remains n.遺物，遺跡，廢墟◆classical adj.（希臘羅馬）古文化的◆reconstruct v.修復(fù)◆rest v.倚放，放置◆hip n.屁股，臀部◆full-length adj.（裙衣）拖地長(zhǎng)的◆graceful adj.優(yōu)雅的◆identity n.身份★goddessn.女神★archaeologistn.考古學(xué)家★Aegeanadj.愛(ài)琴海的★explorev.考察，勘探Thearchaeologistsareexploringthecave.explorationn.explorern.探險(xiǎn)家★promontoryn.海角★prosperousadj.（經(jīng)濟(jì)上）繁榮的，昌盛的Ourfinanceisprosperous.thriving昌盛的，興旺的booming蓬勃的，景氣的flourishing繁茂的，健康的★civilizationn.文明highlevelofcivilization高度文明civilizev.★storeyn.樓層★drainagen.排水★worshipn.崇拜respect;admireWhodoyouworshipinthworld?warshipn.軍艦戰(zhàn)船★sacredadj.宗教的，神圣的holyadj.神圣的，圣潔的solemnadj.莊嚴(yán)的，莊重的sacredmusic圣樂(lè)sacredpromise神圣的諾言★fragmentn.碎片★remainsn.遺物，遺跡，廢墟★classicaladj.（希臘羅馬）古文化的classicalmusic古典音樂(lè)classicaleducation人文科學(xué)教育classicadj.第一流的Thisisaclassicexampleofloveatthefirstsight.classicn.杰作，經(jīng)典之作★reconstructv.修復(fù)re-重新，再次construct構(gòu)造，建造，組織buildhouse造建筑物putupatentconstructasentenceconstructabrokenstatuaryerect:buildhighbuildingserectmonument建造紀(jì)念碑erectclocktower建造鐘樓setup;establish;found建立Eg:setupstudents’unionestablishaschool/rulefoundacountryconstructionn.constructiveadj.有教育意義的constructorn.建設(shè)者★restv.倚放，放置★hipn.屁股，臀部[口]在服用興奮劑，宗教信仰方面趕時(shí)髦的人；消息靈通人士；adj.通曉的，見(jiàn)聞廣的Eg:Haryisarealhip.瑪麗真是趕時(shí)髦Theguyisn’tahip.這家伙什么都不懂joinedatthehip表示交情極厚的Eg:Thesetwoarejoinedatthehip.shootfromthehip信口開(kāi)河Eg:Sorry,IsaidthatIshouldn’thaveshotfromthehip.★full-lengthadj.（裙衣）拖地長(zhǎng)的afull-lengthdress★gracefuladj.優(yōu)雅的agracefulladyelegant(behavier)★identityn.身份【課文講解】aninterestingdiscovery：強(qiáng)調(diào)discovery，體現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)動(dòng)作被考古學(xué)家做出主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)難以突出重點(diǎn)archaeologistsmadeaninterestingdiscovery英文表達(dá)：結(jié)果、影響、效果為主語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)客觀事實(shí)的陳述AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhich…which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾限定templewhichstandsinanancientcityon…which=that;stand=lie,situate(vt.)locate(vt.)AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichislocated/situatedin…AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichliein…stand表示高高坐落于，矗立于Eg:Shestands1.75m./Agreattreestandsonthemount.Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous，forit…for引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)主句的附加說(shuō)明because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，重點(diǎn)突出原因Eg:Thedaybrokeforthebirdsweresinging.atonetime:表達(dá)曾經(jīng)，一度；過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志，oncemusthavebeen對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)肯定的推測(cè)enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.享有高度文明with…Eg:ayoungmanwithbroadshoulders/anoldladywithblackhairbeautifullydecorated過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)abeautifullydressedlady衣著漂亮的女士/adesertedcarpark廢棄的停車(chē)場(chǎng)awhitepainteddoor被粉刷成白色的門(mén)現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)，被修飾詞與修飾詞之間為；邏輯主動(dòng)關(guān)系aboyclimbingthetree/thestudentsreadingintheroomThecitywasevenequippedwith…for…werefound…beequippedwith配備，裝備Eg:thecarwasequippedwithairconditioning.for引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句beneaththenarrowstreets/underthenarrowstreetsprep.beneath=under正下方Heisstandingunder/beneaththeumbrella.under:在進(jìn)行中，undercontrol控制之中；underdiscussion討論之中；underrepairs修理之中below:在下方，強(qiáng)調(diào)斜下方Eg:Sheissittingbelowthewindow.Thetemplewhich…beusedas/beusedtobe把…用作為Eg:Theboxwasusedasadeskinthesmallvillageschool.Thewoodenboxwasusedasabookcase.Thewoodenboxisusedtocontainbooks.Inthemostsacredroomof…Eachoftheserepresented…beenpainted.representvt.代表Irepresentalltheclassmates.Thebodyofonestatuewasfound…dating現(xiàn)在分詞，修飾remainsthecustomsdatingfrom1990datefrom追溯到，從…開(kāi)始Thetraditiondatesfromthetimewhenhisgrandfatherwasyoung.Thecastledatesfromthe14thcentury.Thecastledatesbacktothecentury.Itsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsof…h(huán)appento強(qiáng)調(diào)事情的偶然發(fā)生Eg:Ihappentohavedriventhatkindofcar.我恰巧開(kāi)過(guò)那種汽車(chē)。Hehappenedtofindtheticketinhispocket.他恰巧在口袋里找到那張票。句式：Ithappensthat……Eg:IthappnesthatImetheronmywaytoworkIhappenedtomeetheronmywaytoworkhappenon巧遇，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn),偶遇Eg:Ihappendonthisoldpictureinthebackofthedrawer.Guess,whoIhappendonwhileIwasinLondonlastmonth?reconstruct:puttogether,piecetogether,restore四個(gè)形容詞:amazed:verymuchsurprisedsurprised;astonished;amazed;astounded感到驚訝的，語(yǔ)氣遞增astonished:muchsurprisedamazed:verymuchsurprised驚奇astounded非常驚訝，尺愕，驚奇tofind…/todiscover…/torealize…I’mnotsurprisedtoseeyouhere.turnout表明結(jié)果turnout(tobe)+n./adj.Eg:Ourpartyturnedout(tobe)asuccesstheconcertturnedouttobefailure.Itturnedoutthat…………原來(lái)是(表示結(jié)果)that從句，或其他名詞從句，it作形式主語(yǔ)Eg:Itturnedoutthatthediamondhadbeeninthebankallthetime.Itturnedoutthathisstatementwasfalse.asitturnsout人們后來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)Eg:Asitturnsout,therewasnotneedtoworry.Asitturnsout,thereportwasmistaken.人們后來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn),這篇報(bào)告被弄錯(cuò)了。Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonthhips.reston=dependon,leanonHishandrestedlightlyonmyshoulder.whichswepttheground進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明拖地的，曳地的despite/inspiteof+n./動(dòng)名詞Itisstillaproblemforthearchaeologistsuptonow.sofar,uptonow都是完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志discoverheridentity:findoutheidentity【Specialdifficulties】happen(to),ithappenedthat…【Multiplechoicequestions】Comprehension1Theinterestingdiscoverymadebythearchaeologistswas.a.thatthecityhadoncebeenprosperousb.thatthetemplehadbeenusedasaplaceofworshipc.theyfoundthefifteenstatueshadbeenpaintedd.thattheywerenotthefirsttohavefoundtheheadofthegoddessIt’smissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.’1.D2Thecity‘enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization’.Thisisconfirmedbythefactthat.a.someofthehouseswerebuiltonlyonestoreyhighb.agreatnumberoffragmentswerefoundinthetemplec.thecityhadbeenbuiltonclayd.advancedtechniqueshadbeenemployedinbuildinganddecoratingThisisconfirmedbythefactthat引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明fact的內(nèi)容。beemployedin:被應(yīng)用在…方面‘…Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous，foritenjoyedahighlevelofcivilization．Houses--oftenthreestoreyshigh-werebuiltofstone．Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls．Thecitywasevenequippedwithadrainagesystem…’3Inseekingtoestablishtheidentityofthereconstructedstatue,thearchaeologists.a.triedtodeterminewhichgoddessitrepresentedb.piecedtogetherthefragmentstheyfoundc.discoveredthatitwasmoremodernthananyoftheotherstatuesd.wonderedwhetheritbelongedtothefifthorthefifteenthcenturyindoingsth:在…方面structure4Thecityhadonceknown.(ll.4-5)a,aprosperityb,theprosperousc.theprosperityd.prosperity重點(diǎn)詞匯know:知道，認(rèn)識(shí)；經(jīng)歷過(guò)，曾經(jīng)有過(guò)（=experience）,這是一個(gè)文學(xué)用語(yǔ)，比experience更加正式5ThetempleusedasaplaceofworshipsinceRomantimes.(ll.9-10)a.wasb.hasnotbeenc.hadbeend.wasnotsince:自從主句的主干時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)6Theyfoundthatthegoddessturnedouttobe…(ll.14-15)a.surprisinglyb.withsurprisec.totheirsurprised.asurprisetotheirsurprise:使某人感到驚訝的是（在句中可做獨(dú)立的狀語(yǔ)，句子的主語(yǔ)不必是某個(gè)人）withsurprise:驚訝地（首先，必須與行為動(dòng)詞連用，其次，句子的主語(yǔ)必須是某個(gè)人）Eg:Tomygreatdisappointmentthetrainhadalreadyleft.Withsatisfaction/delight/dismayHesmokedhiscigarettewithsatisfaction.Hewenthomewithdismay.Toourdismaythepartyprovedtobeafailure.7beingveryold,shewasverygraceful.(ll.16-17)a.Althoughb.Inspiteofc.Evend.Eventhoughdespite=inspiteof(可以和名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞搭配)8Sofar,thearchaeologiststodiscoverheridentity.(l.17)a.havebeenimpossibleb.havenotbeenablec.cannothavebeend.couldnotsofar現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志如果用posible/imposible,要采用形式主語(yǔ)it…ithasbeenimpossibleforthearchaeologiststodiscoverheridentity.Vocabulary9Inthemostroomofthetemple…(l.10)a.holyb.religiousc.frighteningd.colourful原文中用到了sacred(宗教的，神圣的)religious宗教的frightening令人害怕的colourful豐富多彩的10Theheadwascarefullypreserved.Itwas.(l.13)a.welldoneb.conservedc.maintainedc.ingoodconditionstatewelldone側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)做得好conserve=keepfrombeingwasted,damaged,lost,destroyed“不用盡或耗盡某物，保留“conserveyourenergyyouneededwenustconserveoutforestmaintain:通過(guò)修繕保養(yǎng)，不使…破損（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過(guò)程）“維修，保養(yǎng)”11Thegoddesstobeaverymodern-lookingwoman.(l.15)a.appearedb.provedc.resolvedd.changedturnout=prove12But,thearchaeologistshavebeenunable…(l.17)a.beforehandb.untilnowc.foralongtimed.atthisdistancesofar=>untilnow,uptillnowbeforehand:(adv.)事先=inadvanceatthisdistance(of/intime)時(shí)隔已久Eg:Icanhardlyrememberhimatthisdistanceoftime.§Lesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs阿爾弗雷德。布洛格斯的雙重生活【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)◆manual adj.體力的◆collar n.衣領(lǐng)◆sacrifice v.犧牲，獻(xiàn)出◆privilege n.好處◆dustman n.清潔工◆corporation n.公司◆overalls n.工作服◆shower n.淋浴◆secret n.秘密◆status n.地位★manualadj.體力的=physicalmanualwork:體力工作mentalwork:腦力工作★collarn.衣領(lǐng)white-collar:白領(lǐng)(domentalwork)blue-collar:藍(lán)領(lǐng)（domanualwork）(get)hotunderthecollar:怒氣沖天★sacrificev.犧牲，獻(xiàn)出vt.togiveupforgoodpurposeEg:sacrificeone’slifeforthecountrysacrificetimen.makemanysacrifices★privilegen.好處=advantage特權(quán)（=specialright）犧牲掉自己的好處：sacrificeone’sadvantage/rivilege特許某人做某事：givesb.therivilegeofdoingsth.privilegedadj.榮幸的★overallsn.工作服男工作服；overall女工作服★secretn.秘密adj.keepsecret:保密It’sbetweenyouandme.I’llkeepittomyself.confidential:機(jī)密的insecret:私下里=secretly,inprivate,privatelyIwastoldaboutitinsecret.inthesecret:知道內(nèi)情Hewasinthesecretfromthebeginning.★statusn.地位=socialpositions-t-a-t-u-ss-t-a-t-u-e:雕像，塑像★corporationn.公司★showern.淋浴★dustmann.清潔工【課文講解】peoplewhodomanualwork=>blue-collarworkerspeoplewhoworkinoffices/domentalwork=>white-collarworkersfarmoremoneyfar--副詞，用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)氣==muchreferto…as==regard…as把…看作為Ialwaysrefertohimasbookworm(書(shū)呆子).forthesimplereason=>for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句forthereasonthat比because正式，因此多用于正式文體humannature人性化such…that…that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明such的基本內(nèi)涵Hiskindnesswassuchthatwewillneverforgethim.=>Suchwashiskindness…Suchishumannaturethatwewanttogetalotofthingsfree.Such用在句首，要倒裝Suchishumannature,thatagreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.介詞for表示一種目的bewillingtodosth.==bereadytodosth.心甘情愿