高三英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)外刊閱讀熱點(diǎn)話題培優(yōu)練3：人與動(dòng)物

外刊閱讀熱點(diǎn)話題培優(yōu)練3人與動(dòng)物Ⅰ.閱讀理解AnArizonaaquariumiscelebratingthehatchingofthreeendangeredAfricanpenguinchicks,sayingthetinyadditionsaregeneticallyvaluableaszoosandaquariumsaroundtheworldworktoensurethespecies’survivalthroughbreeding(培育)programsandconservationefforts.OfficialsatOdySeaAquariummadetheannouncementonFriday,postingthevideoofthecutebirdsonsocialmedia.Theyhatchedafewweeksagoandwillremainbehindthesceneswiththeirparentsuntilthey’rereadyforapublicappearance.AfricanpenguinshavesufferedamassivepopulationdeclineoverthedecadesandarelistedasendangeredbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.Soanysuccessfulhatchingiscauseforcelebration,saidJessicaPeranteau,directorofanimaltrainingandeducationattheaquarium.“AsthepopulationoftheAfricanpenguincontinuestorapidlydecline—down23%inthepasttwoyearsalone—OdySeaAquariumremainscommittedtothesurvivalofthespeciesinpartnershipwithAssociationofZoosandAquariums，”Peranteausaidinastatement.Thebreedingprogramestablishedbytheorganizationaimstobuildupagenebankforthespecies.OfficialssaytwoofthethreenewchicksinScottsdalewereborntoparentsMojoandLemieux—apowercoupleofsortsthatwasselectedforpairingaspartofthebreedingprogram.Thethirdchickwasborntofirst－timeparentsBubblesandWeasley.Aquariumworkerswillregularlyconduct“chickchecks”，briefexamstomonitortheirgrowthanddevelopmentandensuretheyarehittingallnecessarymilestones.Thethreechickshaveyettobenamed,andtheirsexhasn’tyetbeendetermined.Fornowthey’reknownbytheirnumbers,42,43and44.Inall,OdySeaAquariumnowhas40Africanpenguinsandhasrecorded13successfulhatching.1.HowdidOdySeaAquariumannouncethebirthofthechicks?A.Byadvertisingitsbreedingprogram.B.Byuploadingavideoofthemonline.C.Byholdingacontesttonamethem.D.Byofferingafreevisittothezoo.2.WhatisspecialaboutOdySeaAquarium?A.Itworksonitsowntoprotectpenguins.B.Itaimstocreatenewhabitatsforpenguins.C.Ithashatched40Africanpenguinssofar.D.Itfocusesonthesurvivalofthepenguins.3.Whatcanwelearnaboutthethreepenguinchicks?A.Theywereborntothesameparents.B.Theywereraisedbyapowercouple.C.Theirgenderhasbeenidentified.D.Theirgrowthismonitoredclosely.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.EndangeredpenguinchickshatchatOdySeaAquarium.B.Penguinchicksmaketheirfirstappearanceinpublic.C.Africanpenguinssufferasharpdeclineinpopulations.D.Newly－bornpenguinsaretakengoodcareofinzoos.Haveyoueverseenoneofthemanyvideosofanelephantgrabbingapaintbrush,puttingitinpaint,andproducingapaintingsimilartosomethinga5－year－oldcouldcreate?Whilewatchinganelephantpaintisanamazingsight,wecan’thelpbutwonderwhetherthetrainingmethodsandresultsreflectanimalcruelty.A2014studyonfourcaptive(被圈養(yǎng)的)AsianelephantsattheMelbourneZooinAustraliasoughttoidentifystress－relatedbehaviorsaroundtheactivityofpainting.Whiletheresearchersfoundthattheelephantshadaneutralresponsetopainting—notstressful,norenriching—itseemedthatwhenanelephantwasnotselectedtopaint,itdisplayednon－interactivebehavior.Thisisseenasapossiblesignalofstressintheanimals.Inaddition,PETA,afamousanimalrightsgroup，hascitedseveralAmericanzoosthatuseharmfultrainingmethodstogetelephantstopaint,performtricks,playinstruments,andmore.Noteveryzoothatorganizeselephantpaintingusesaggression(攻擊)toencouragetheelephants.However,PETAarguesthatanimalsheltersshouldnotforceanimalstodotricksatall.Activistorganizationswarnthatelephantscanundergoextremediscomfortinthetrainingprocess.Furthermore,manyofthepaintingelephantsareveryyoung,atanagewheretheyshouldstillbewiththeirmothers.Itraisesquestionsaboutwhetherthere’sachancethattheywerecaughtfortheexpresspurposeofperforming,oriftheycouldsomehowberestoredtoareturntothewild.Itisdifficulttosupportanykindoftrainedbehaviorthatdiffersgreatlyfromawildanimal’snaturaltendencies.Theroleofashelter,ideally,istoallowananimaltoliveasclosetoitsnormallifeaspossible，perhapswithaneyetoreturningtheanimaltothewild；teachingthemtopaintdoesnotseemtoalign__withthattarget,particularlyifit’snotalearnedbehaviorthattheanimalwouldbewillingtodoindependently.5.Whatcanbesafelyconcludedfromthe2014study?A.Researchersdidn’tcollectsolidevidence.B.Paintingpromotedelephants’interaction.C.Negativeeffectsofpaintingwereconfirmed.D.Elephantsmadestrongresponsestopainting.6.Whatisaconcernofactivistorganizations?A.Complexityofthetrainingprocess.B.Purposesofelephants’performance.C.Dailyactivitiesofcaptiveelephants.D.Potentialforelephants’returntonature.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“alignwith”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Wanderoff. B.Setup.C.Consistwith. D.Goagainst.8.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowDoesPETAHelps?B.WhyDoPeopleRightAnimals?C.ShouldElephantsPaint?D.ShouldElephantsLiveinCaptivity?Ⅱ.七選五Toomuchstuff,toomuchtodo,toomuchstress...Theseareweighingpeopledownandbreakingtheirspirit.__1__Hereareseveralthingstohelpyougetstarted.Thefirststepistosortoutyourpossessions.Toliveasimplelife,youneedasimplelivingspace.Sotakesometimetotidyyourlivingarea.Focusonkeepingthingsthatyouvaluedeeplyandthrowawaythingsthatyoudon’tneedanylonger.__2__Finally,youwillbeshockedtoseehowfewpossessionsyouactuallyuseinyourdailylife.__3__Ashumanswetendtothinkofwhatweareusedtoasbeingnaturallyright.However,therecouldbeproblemsinthemillionlittlethingsthatbotherusaswegoaboutourday.Thebestskillyoucandevelopinyourlifeistheabilitytotakeastepbackandlookatthingsobjectivelybyraisingdoubtsaboutwhatisseeminglythewayitissupposedtobe.Weshouldalwaysstaymindfulandlivewithintention.Ifthereissomethinginyourlifethatyoudon’tlove,changeit!Cutoutthethingsthataren’tservingyou.Youcanwritedownwhatanidealdaywouldlooklikeforyouinfiveyears’time.Thenoutlinewhatthingsyouwantmoreinyourlifeandwhatthingsyouwantless.__4__Managingyourtimewiselycounts.__5__Instead,takesometimetothinkaboutwhetherit’ssomethingthatyouareexcitedaboutattending.Beclearhowyouspendyourtimeandtakecontrolofwhatyoudo.Thisishowyoucanguaranteeyourselfaflexiblescheduleanddoeverythinginanunhurriedway.A.Minimalistsliveintentionally.B.Completetheprocessinseveralsweeps.C.Don’treply“yes”toeverythingyou’reinvitedto.D.Withthatinhand,youhaveagoaltoworktowards.E.Fromtimetotimeyouneedtoquestionyourlifestyle.F.That’swhythereisagrowinginterestintheminimalistlifestyle.G.Havingaflexiblescheduledependsonyoutakingcontrolofthings.Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空AimingtoinspirethepeopleofvariouscountriestolearnChinese,thevideoseriesTheImaginationofArtwasreleasedonOct.24.Theproject，1.____________(joint)producedbytheCenterforLanguageEducationandCooperationandCentralAcademyofFineArts,selectsmultipleartpiecescreatedbyfourartists:WuJian’an,KangLei,LuZhengyuanandZhangFan.Underthethemeof“TheChineseLanguage＋Arts”，theseries2.____________(comprise)oftwoparts,thefirstpartofwhichcontainsfourepisodes,each3.____________(feature)oneartist.ThesecondpartwillseeeducationexpertsguideChineselearningfromtheir4.____________(work)ofart.Inthefirstepisode,Wu,onedirectorofFineArtsExperimentalArtSchoolattheacademy,5.__________________(share)hiscreationprocedureofTheHeavenofNineLevels,6.____________hand－carvedpieceinspiredby“ShanHaiJing”.ThesecondintroducesTheGardenofForkingPaths,artistKang’spainting,7.____________titleisinspiredfromJorgeBorges’novel.TheworkdemonstratesKang’sreflection8.____________time,asshepaintsdifferentscenesandimagesindifferentplacesandatdifferenttimesworldwide9.____________(record)herfeelingsandexperiences.TheothertwoepisodesarerespectivelyaboutLu’sworkSolidLiquidandZhang’sworkTianxin,bothofwhichhavea10.____________(power)effectonpeoplelearningChinese.A篇Para.1：endangeredadj.瀕臨滅絕的，(物種)有滅種危險(xiǎn)的survivaln.生存；存活；幸存conservationn.(對(duì)環(huán)境的)保護(hù)；保存Para.2：behindthescenes在后臺(tái)，在幕后；秘密地，背地里Para.3：massiveadj.巨大的；非常嚴(yán)重的Para.4：committedadj.盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)信的；堅(jiān)定的establishv.建立，設(shè)立，創(chuàng)立，確立B篇Para.2：neutraladj.中立的；中性的；無(wú)傾向性的seektodosth試圖做某事，尋求做某事Para.3：inaddition另外，此外Para.4：activistn.積極分子；活躍分子undergov.經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受restorev.恢復(fù)(某種情況或感受)；使復(fù)原；使復(fù)位；歸還Para.5：differfrom與……不同B篇譯文：這引發(fā)了人們的疑問(wèn)：它們是否有可能是出于表演的明確目的而被捕獲的，或者它們是否可以通過(guò)某種方式回歸自然。參考答案Ⅰ.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章通過(guò)OdySeaAquarium慶祝成功孵化三只瀕危的非洲企鵝引出話題，講述非洲企鵝數(shù)量銳減，OdySeaAquarium與AssociationofZoosandAquariums為該物種的生存而努力。1.B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“OfficialsatOdySeaAquariummadetheannouncementonFriday，postingthevideoofthecutebirdsonsocialmedia”可知，水族館的工作人員將孵化出的可愛(ài)的企鵝幼鳥(niǎo)的視頻發(fā)布到網(wǎng)上，宣布三只企鵝幼鳥(niǎo)的誕生。故B項(xiàng)正確。]2.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“‘AsthepopulationoftheAfricanpenguin...andAquariums，’Peranteausaidinastatement”可知，OdySeaAquarium與AssociationofZoosandAquariums為非洲企鵝的生存做出努力，所以該水族館關(guān)注非洲企鵝的生存。故D項(xiàng)正確。]3.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Aquariumworkerswillregularlyconduct‘chickchecks’...arehittingallnecessarymilestones”可知，水族館工作人員定期對(duì)這三只企鵝幼鳥(niǎo)進(jìn)行檢查，通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的檢查來(lái)監(jiān)測(cè)它們的成長(zhǎng)和發(fā)育。由此可推斷，這三只幼鳥(niǎo)在密切監(jiān)測(cè)下成長(zhǎng)。故D項(xiàng)正確。]4.A[文章大意題。根據(jù)首段的內(nèi)容可知，本文通過(guò)OdySeaAquarium慶祝成功孵化三只瀕危的非洲企鵝幼鳥(niǎo)引出話題，圍繞非洲企鵝的數(shù)量銳減、OdySeaAquarium與AssociationofZoosandAquariums為該物種的生存所做出的一系列努力展開(kāi)講述。由此可知，A項(xiàng)“瀕危的企鵝幼鳥(niǎo)在OdySeaAquarium孵化”最能概括本文的主旨。]【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章從大象畫畫入手，談?wù)摿擞?xùn)練動(dòng)物的方法和結(jié)果，實(shí)際上從另一方面反映了對(duì)動(dòng)物的虐待。5.A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“A2014studyonfour...theresearchersfoundthattheelephantshadaneutralresponsetopainting”可知，研究人員在2014年的研究中并沒(méi)有得到可靠的證據(jù)來(lái)證明大象的繪畫活動(dòng)與壓力相關(guān)的行為有關(guān)，故選A。文中的neutral是解題的關(guān)鍵，意為“無(wú)傾向性的，中立的”。]6.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“iftheycouldsomehowberestoredtoareturntothewild”可知，積極分子組織關(guān)注的是大象回歸自然的可能性。]7.C[詞義猜測(cè)題。最后一段中的“Theroleofashelter...perhapswithaneyetoreturningtheanimaltothewild”指的是收容所的目標(biāo)是讓動(dòng)物盡可能接近其正常生活或者是讓動(dòng)物回歸野外，而教它們畫畫似乎與這個(gè)目標(biāo)不一致，由此可知，畫線詞組意為“一致”。]8.C[標(biāo)題歸納題。文章第一段通過(guò)大象畫畫介紹了訓(xùn)練動(dòng)物的方法和結(jié)果，從而引出對(duì)動(dòng)物的虐待這一話題，后文圍繞這一話題展開(kāi)討論，故選項(xiàng)C最適合作文章標(biāo)題。]Ⅱ.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章就如何過(guò)極簡(jiǎn)生活給出了幾點(diǎn)建議。1.F[空前提到太多的事情和壓力壓得人們喘不過(guò)氣，空后提到這里有幾件事可以幫你開(kāi)始，由此可知，該空應(yīng)該會(huì)講到一種減輕人們壓力的方式，起到承上啟下的作用。F項(xiàng)“這就是為什么人們對(duì)極簡(jiǎn)主義生活方式越來(lái)越感興趣”符合語(yǔ)境。后文的內(nèi)容也都是關(guān)于如何做到極簡(jiǎn)主義。故填F。]2.B[空前一句講到專注于保留你非常珍視的東西，扔掉你不再需要的東西，空后一句提到最后你會(huì)驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)你在日常生活中實(shí)際使用的物品是如此之少。由此可知，該空的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與完成整理任務(wù)有關(guān)。對(duì)比各選項(xiàng)可知，B項(xiàng)“在幾次打掃中完成此過(guò)程”符合語(yǔ)境。]3.E[分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該篇為總分結(jié)構(gòu)。第二段至第五段，每段的首句為該段的主題句。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)銜接做題法可知，該空也應(yīng)為該段的主題句。根據(jù)該段內(nèi)容尤其是“Thebestskillyoucandevelop...thewayitissupposedtobe”可知，此段講述的是要時(shí)常對(duì)自己的生活方式