【高一 拓展閱讀-生活和運(yùn)動(dòng)】To the Extreme

TotheExtremeWhenyouthinkaboutsports，youmaypictureaninningofbaseball，aroundofgolf，oraquarterofbasketball.Youmayimaginegreenfieldswithgoals，stadiumsfullofyellingfans，oraballbeingkicked，thrown，hit，ordribbled（運(yùn)球）inonedirectionoranother。So，whatdoesapersonplungingoutofanairplaneclimbingasheercliffside，orjumpingoffabridgewithjustanoversizedrubberbandhavetodowithsports？Theyaredonebyextremesportsfans，alsoknownasadrenaline（腎上腺素）junkies（對(duì)…上癮的人）.Thesepeoplethrillinpushingtheirbodies，skills，gearandcouragetothebreakingpointWhentheydoso，theyexperienceanadrenalinerush，releasingendorphins（內(nèi)啡肽）inthebrain，andcreatingahappy--eveneuphoric（狂喜的）-feeling.Itispossibletogetaddictedtothisexperienceandastimegoeson，toescalatetheintensityofthesportinordertoramp（使增加）uptheadrenaline.Extremesportsfeatureanumberofbeneficialsideeffects.thehighphysicaldemandtypicallyresultsingoodexerciseandquickweightloss.Thosethatexcelataparticularfacetofthisfieldcanparticipateinnationalandeveninternationalcompetitionsandendupgettingmediaattention.An“extremesportathlete”iscommonlytreatedascool,daringandevenglamorousbytheirfriendsandcoworkers.Participatinginthesetypesofsportsrequirescourageandoftenasignificantamountofmoney.First,thereisthetrainingtolearntheskillsetsandcertificatesrequiredtoparticipateinthesports.Andsecond,thereisthecostofequipmentandthetravelcoststogowheretheathletescanperformtheirsport.Finally,thereisthegreatestcostofall:life.Anadrenalinerushrequiresanelementofdanger,andthatdangercanturnfatal.Withouttheproperlessons,experience,equipment,andcaution,extremesportathletescandie,payingthehighestpenaltypossible.ReadingComprehensionChoosethecorrectanswerforeachquestion1.Paragraph3-4analysed___________.A.thepopularityoftraditionalsportsversusthatofextremesports.B.thebenefitsandcostsinvolvedinextremesports.C.thephysicalandemotionaleffectsofplayingsports.D.thecostoftrainingfortraditionalsportsversusthatforextremesports.2.Whichstatementaboutextremesportsathletesisthemostaccurate?A.Theyaremoreskilledthantraditionalathletes.B.Theyaremorepopularthantraditionalathletes.C.Theytakebiggerrisksthantraditionalathletes.D.Theymakemoremoneythantraditionalathletes.3.Whydosomepeopleplayextremesports?A.Tosetanewworldrecord.B.Toexperienceanadrenalinerush.C.Toloseweightquickly.D.Toearnreputation4.What’sthegreatestcostthatextremesportathletesmightpayA.Money.B.Legs.C.Fame.D.Lives.5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanexampleofextremesports?A.Playingbasketball.B.Plungingoutofanairplane.C.Jumpingoffabridgewithjustanoversizedrubberband.D.Climbingasheercliffside.Vocabulary基礎(chǔ)詞stadium n.（pl.stadiums/stadia）體育場(chǎng)，運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)英alargesportsgroundsurroundedbyrowsofseatsandusuallyotherbuildings 記詞根記憶stad（站）+ium（場(chǎng)所）站著看比賽的地方→體育場(chǎng)direction n.方向 記來(lái)自direct（vt.指導(dǎo)；給…指路） 搭asenseofdirection方向感sheer adj.垂直的；陡峭的 英verysteep 記聯(lián)想記憶羊群（sheep）在陡峭的（sheer）山坡上吃草cliff n.懸崖；峭壁 英ahighareaofrockwithaverysteepsideoftenattheedgeofthe seaorocean 搭thecliffedge懸崖邊緣band n.樂(lè)隊(duì)；一伙人；帶，圈；條紋 記聯(lián)想記憶岸（bank）上有一支樂(lè)隊(duì)（band）在演出 搭ajazzband—支爵士樂(lè)隊(duì)thrill n.興奮.使激動(dòng)；使興奮 搭givesb.athrill使某人感到興奮courage n.勇氣，膽量英theabilitytodosth.dangerous，ortofacepainoropposition，withoutshowingfear 搭getcourage獲得勇氣losecourage失去勇氣demand vt.要求；需要n.需要，需求 記詞根記憶de（表加強(qiáng)）+mand（命令）→再令人做→要求 例Idemandtoknowwhat’sgoingon.我需要知道發(fā)生了什么事情。typically adv.典型地，有代表性地；通常；一向如此 記來(lái)自typical（adj.典型的）Vocabulary進(jìn)階詞plunge v.使突然向前沖；暴跌，驟降n.跳水；暴跌，驟降；卷入 英tomoveormakesb./sth.movesuddenlyforwardsand/ordownwards例Withthecontinuedriseinsealevel,moreicewouldplungeintotheocean.隨著海平面的繼續(xù)上升，更多的冰會(huì)掉入海里。gear n.齒輪；傳動(dòng)裝置；（排）擋；設(shè)備；服裝vt.便適合 英theequipmentorclothingneededforaparticularactivity 記聯(lián)想記憶耳朵（ear）是身上用于聽(tīng)（hear）的設(shè)備（gear） 搭gearwheel齒輪gearto/towards調(diào)整，使合適release n.\vt.釋放；發(fā)布，公開(kāi)發(fā)表；發(fā)泄 記詞根記憶re（一再）+leas（松）+e→一再松開(kāi)→釋放例Policehavereleasednofurtherdetailsabouttheaccident.關(guān)于這起事故，警方并未公布更多細(xì)節(jié)escalate vt.（使）增加；（使）升級(jí)英tobecomegreater，worse，moreserious，etc；tomakesth.greater，worse，moreserous，etc.記來(lái)自Escalator，原來(lái)是自動(dòng)電梯的商標(biāo)，后來(lái)才出現(xiàn)了動(dòng)詞escalateintensity n.強(qiáng)烈；劇烈；強(qiáng)度 搭colourintensity色度lightintensity光照強(qiáng)度f(wàn)acet n.（寶石的）小平面；（性格等的）方面 記詞根記憶fac（臉，面）+et→方面glamorous adj.富有魅力的；迷人的英especiallyattractiveandexciting，anddifferentf