Module+2+Unit+2+知識(shí)點(diǎn) 外研版英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)上冊(cè)

Module

2

Public

holidaysUnit

2

We

have

celebrated

the

festival

since

the

first

pioneers

arrived

in

America.教材原句

It

is

a

time

for

a

special

dinner

among

family

and

friends.

感恩節(jié)是家人、朋友們共進(jìn)特別晚餐的時(shí)刻。（教材P12）&1&

among／?'m??／prep.在……之中辨

among與betweenamong強(qiáng)調(diào)在三者或三者以上的人或物之間，其賓語(yǔ)通常是表示籠統(tǒng)數(shù)量或具有復(fù)數(shù)意義或集合概念的名詞或代詞。between強(qiáng)調(diào)在兩者之間,或用來(lái)指多個(gè)對(duì)象的每?jī)蓚€(gè)之間，常構(gòu)成between...and...（在……和……之間）結(jié)構(gòu)。?Mr.

Li

is

very

popular

among

the

students.

李老師在學(xué)生中很受歡迎。（多者之間）?You

can

decide

between

joining

the

dancing

club

and

going

to

the

chess

club.你可以在加入舞蹈俱樂(lè)部和去國(guó)際象棋俱樂(lè)部之間做決定。（選自安徽中考）語(yǔ)境串記The

foreign

teacher

is

among

the

students，and

the

girl

is

between

two

boys.

這個(gè)外教在學(xué)生之中，那個(gè)女孩在兩個(gè)男孩之間。典例1

（東營(yíng)中考）A

recent

study

in

Australia

shows

that

parents

are

___

the

top

five

world's

hardest

jobs.BA.between

B.among

C.from

D.above【解析】

句意：澳大利亞最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明，父母是世界上最難的五大工作之一。根據(jù)"the

top

five

world's

hardest

jobs"可知，此處表示"在三者或三者以上的對(duì)象之間"，應(yīng)用among，故選B。教材原句

The

local

people，the

Native

Americans，taught

the

pioneers

how

to

grow

corn.

當(dāng)?shù)厝耍簿褪敲乐抻〉诎踩?，教這些拓荒者怎么種植玉米。（教材P12）&2&

grow（過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞分別是grew和grown）

／ɡr??／v.種植，栽培（植物）?Tom

makes

a

living

by

growing

roses.

湯姆以種植玫瑰為生。拓

grow的其他含義：不及物動(dòng)詞

意為"生長(zhǎng)；成長(zhǎng)；留長(zhǎng)（頭發(fā)或指甲）；增加"Rice

doesn't

grow

in

this

area.

水稻在這個(gè)地區(qū)不能生長(zhǎng)。I

want

to

let

my

hair

grow.

我想把頭發(fā)留起來(lái)。The

profits

of

this

company

grew

by

5%

last

year.這家公司的利潤(rùn)去年增加了5%。系動(dòng)詞意為"逐漸變得"The

sky

grew

dark.

天逐漸黑了。&3&

"疑問(wèn)詞+不定式"

結(jié)構(gòu)的用法講

"how

to

grow

corn"是"疑問(wèn)詞+不定式"結(jié)構(gòu)，作taught的直接賓語(yǔ)。"疑問(wèn)詞+不定式"結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等。?How

to

prevent

water

pollution

is

a

big

problem.

如何防止水污染是一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。（作主語(yǔ)）?The

question

is

what

to

do

next.

問(wèn)題是下一步干什么。（作表語(yǔ)）①They

didn't

know

how

to

get

to

the

museum.②They

didn't

know

how

they

could

get

to

the

museum.拓

"疑問(wèn)詞+不定式"結(jié)構(gòu)可與賓語(yǔ)從句相互轉(zhuǎn)換。?他們不知道怎樣能到達(dá)博物館。教材原句

The

following

year

they

celebrated

together

by

eating

a

dinner

of

the

new

food.

第二年他們聚在一起品嘗新收獲的食物，一起慶祝（豐收）。（教材P12）&4&

following

／'f?l????／adj.接著的；接下來(lái)的講

作形容詞，在句中作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞year，其前有定冠詞the。?It

rained

on

the

day

we

arrived,

but

the

following

day

was

fine.

我們到的那天下雨了，但第二天（天氣）很好。?Please

answer

the

following

questions.

請(qǐng)回答下列問(wèn)題。拓

follow作動(dòng)詞，意為"跟隨；聽(tīng)從；效仿；理解"。?Follow

me

please.

I'll

show

you

the

way.請(qǐng)跟我走，我將給你帶路。?I'll

follow

your

advice.

我會(huì)聽(tīng)從你的建議。?I

can't

follow

him

because

he

speaks

fast.我聽(tīng)不懂他說(shuō)什么，因?yàn)樗f(shuō)得很快。語(yǔ)境串記Please

follow

me

to

finish

the

following

activities.

請(qǐng)跟我完成下面的活動(dòng)。&5&

by

prep.通過(guò)講

by

eating是"介詞+動(dòng)詞-ing"結(jié)構(gòu)。其中by是介詞，表示方法、方式和手段，后還可接名詞。"by+名詞/動(dòng)詞-ing"在句中作方式狀語(yǔ)。?Nowadays,

people

may

easily

connect

each

other

by

WeChat.

如今，人們可以很容易地通過(guò)微信聯(lián)系彼此。（選自郴州中考）?You

can

realize

your

dream

by

working

hard.

你可以通過(guò)努力學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想。教材原句

We

lay

the

table，and

then

before

we

begin

dinner，my

father

gives

thanks

for

the

food，so

we

remember

why

we

celebrate

the

festival.

我們擺放餐桌，然后在晚餐開(kāi)始前，父親為（得到）這些食物而感恩，這樣我們就會(huì)記住為何要慶祝這個(gè)節(jié)日。（教材P12）?John

was

laying

the

table.約翰正在擺放餐桌。?We

want

our

hens

to

lay

more

eggs.

我們希望我們的母雞下更多的蛋。&6&

lay

／le?／

v.

擺放（餐桌）講

lay在此作及物動(dòng)詞，意為"擺放（餐桌）"。常用搭配：lay

the

table"擺放餐桌"，與set

the

table同義。lay還有"安放；擱；下（蛋）"之意。詞義過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞lay擺放（餐桌）；下（蛋）laidlaidlayinglie躺；位于laylainlying說(shuō)謊liedliedlying辨

lay與lie巧學(xué)妙記規(guī)則是撒謊（lie），不規(guī)則是躺（lie）；躺過(guò)就下蛋（lay），下蛋不規(guī)則。語(yǔ)境串記The

man

lying

there

lied

to

me,

saying

that

he

had

laid

the

money

on

the

table.那個(gè)躺在地上的男人對(duì)我撒謊，說(shuō)他已經(jīng)把錢(qián)放在桌子上了。典例2

（天津中考）Mum

asked

me

to

___

for

dinner.AA.lay

the

table

B.go

to

sleepC.keep

a

diary

D.take

a

vacation【解析】

句意：媽媽讓我擺好桌子準(zhǔn)備吃飯。lay

the

table"擺放餐桌"；go

to

sleep"去睡覺(jué)"；keep

a

diary"記日記"；take

a

vacation"去度假"。故選A。教材原句

When

it

is

all

over，everyone

helps

wash

the

dishes.

當(dāng)一切都結(jié)束時(shí)，大家都幫著洗餐具。（教材P12）&7&

over

／'??v?／

adj.

完了的；結(jié)束的?When

we

arrived,

the

meeting

was

over.

我們到達(dá)時(shí)會(huì)議已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。拓

over也可作介詞和副詞。常見(jiàn)義項(xiàng)如下：副詞落下，倒下Try

not

to

knock

the

vase

over.盡量別把花瓶碰倒了。副詞再，又He

repeated

the

word

several

times

over.

他把這個(gè)單詞重復(fù)了好幾遍。完全覆蓋（某人或某物）Cover

her

over

with

a

blanket.給她蓋條毯子。介詞通過(guò)，憑借I

talked

to

her

over

the

telephone.我通過(guò)電話和她交談。介詞在……上方Jane

held

the

umbrella

over

her

head.簡(jiǎn)把傘舉在頭上。超出I

have

lived

here

over

ten

years.

我住在這里十年多了。續(xù)表&8&

dish

／d??／

n.盤(pán)；碟講

作可數(shù)名詞，the

dishes意為"（待清洗的）餐具"。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：do/wash

the

dishes"洗餐具"。?You

have

to

do

the

dishes

before

you

go.

你走之前，得把餐具洗了。拓

dish作可數(shù)名詞，還可意為"一道菜；菜肴"。?This

dish

tastes

really

nice.

這道菜味道確實(shí)不錯(cuò)。教材原句

During

the

festival，there

are

plenty

of

other

things

to

see

and

do.

在節(jié)日期間，有好多東西可看，有好多事可做。（教材P12）&9&

plenty

of充足的；大量的講

相當(dāng)于a

lot

of或lots

of。既可修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。?Make

sure

she

gets

plenty

of

fresh

air.要確保她多呼吸新鮮空氣。?We

have

plenty

of

eggs

to

make

a

cake.我們還有充足的雞蛋做一個(gè)蛋糕。教材原句

Football

is

also

important

at

Thanksgiving，with

many

teams

playing

games.

橄欖球也是感恩節(jié)期間的一個(gè)重要項(xiàng)目，有很多球隊(duì)（在這時(shí)）比賽。（教材P12）&10&

with+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)講

"with

many

teams

playing

games"是"with+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)"結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，其中動(dòng)詞-ing短語(yǔ)playing

games作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。?He

took

a

walk

in

the

park

with

the

dog

running

behind.他在公園里散步，狗在后面跑。①該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作方式、結(jié)果、伴隨、原因等狀語(yǔ)，也可作后置定語(yǔ)。②賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)。?I

lay

in

bed

with

the

window

open.我開(kāi)著窗躺在床上。?He

is

lying

on

the

beach

with

a

book

in

his

hand.

他正躺在沙灘上，手中拿著一本書(shū)。?I

can't

go

out

with

these

clothes

to

wash.因?yàn)橐催@些衣服，我無(wú)法出去。拓

"with+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)"結(jié)構(gòu)的具體用法：教材原句

Like

many

Americans，we

usual