Unit+3+Getting+along+with+others+Period+2+Grammar+and+usage+課件+-【知識精講精研】高一英語牛津譯林版（2020）必修第一冊

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第一冊Unit3Period2Grammarandusage12Tounderstandthemeaningofrestrictiverelativeclauseswithrelativepronounsandsummarizethegeneralrulesofit.Touserestrictiverelativeclauseswithrelativepronounstodescribefriendsappropriately.Activity1:WorkbyyourselfArealfriendissomeonewhowalksinwhentherestoftheworldwalksout.Arealfriendissomeonewhosesupportwecancounton.Arealfriendissomeonewhoseesourtrueself,notjustthefacethatweshowtotheworld.Yetthesedays,themoderntoolsthatkeepusconnectedareeatingawayatthemeaningoffriendship.Wemaybeabletomakemanyfriendsonline,butthesefriendshipscanbequiteshallow.Socialmedialikeblogshascomebetweenusandthefriendswhomwelove.Textingandmessagingcannottaketheplaceofface-to-facechatting."Sharing"ourexperiencesonsocialmediaisnotenoughtoexpressthevalueswhichmattermosttous."Liking"ourfriends'photosonlinedoesnotdeveloptheconnectionwhichweshare.Tomakefriendsarealpartofourlives,weshouldputdownoursmartphonesandmeettheminperson.目標一：TounderstandthemeaningofrestrictiverelativeclauseswithrelativepronounsandsummarizethegeneralrulesofitTask1Findthesentenceswithrestrictiverelativeclausesinthearticle.①Arealfriendissomeonewhowalksinwhentherestoftheworldwalksout.②Arealfriendissomeonewhosesupportwecancounton.③Arealfriendissomeonewhoseesourtrueself,notjustthefacethatweshowtothe

world.④...themoderntoolsthatkeepusconnectedareeatingawayatthemeaningoffriendship.⑤Socialmedialikeblogshascomebetweenusandthefriendswhomwelove.⑥“Sharing”ourexperiencesonsocialmediaisnotenoughtoexpressthevalues

whichmattermosttous.⑦“Liking”ourfriends’photosonlinedoesnotdeveloptheconnectionwhichwe

share.AnswersTask2Observethesentencesandworkingouttherules.FillintheblanksonP34ofthetextbookbyyourself.WorkingouttherulesArestrictiverelativeclausemodifiesanoun,pronounornounphrasebeforeit.Weuserelativepronounsorrelativeadverbstointroducerestrictiverelativeclauses.Weuse(1)________forthings,and(2)________andwhomforpeople.Wecanuse(3)_______forboththingsandpeople.Weuse(4)_________toshowpossession.whichwhothatwhoseActivity2:WorkinpairsArealfriendissomeonewhosesupportwecancounton.Yetthesedays,the

moderntoolsthatkeepusconnectedareeatingawayatthemeaningoffriendship.Davidalsohadafriendwhomhetrustedalot.antecedentsrelativepronounsrestrictiverelativeclausesThenoun,pronounornounphraseisthe_________.Wecanuse_________________tointroducerestrictiverelativeclauses.antecedent

relativepronounsTask1Workouttherulesbyobservingsentencesandfillintheblanks.Task2Observewhatelementsaremissingfromtheattributiveclausesbelow.Therearefiveboyswhowillplaythegame.Mr.Brownistheteacherwhoweshowgreatrespectfor.Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Iknowtheboywhosefatherisadoctor.lackofsubjectlackofobjectlackofobjectactasattributeI’vereadallthebooksthatareaboutthismatter.Youmustdoeverythingthatyoucando.Dangyangisnotasmallplacethatitusedtobe.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.lackofsubjectlackofobjectlackofpredicativelackofobjectrelativepronounsbeusedaswhowhomwhosethatwhichsubject,objectattributeobjectsubject,object,predicativesubject,objectFillintheblanksActivity3:WorkingroupsSummarizethegeneralrulesofrestrictiverelativeclauseswithrelativepronouns(definition,structureandusageofrelativepronouns)andshowthemonstage.小組展示1組2組3組4組Summary一、定義：限制性定語從句（restrictiverelativeclause）指修飾名詞、代詞或名詞短語的從句，對所修飾的對象加以限制，表示“……的（人）”或“…的（物）”。從句不可去掉，一旦去掉主句的意思則不完整。

由關系代詞引導的限制性定語從句二、結構:被修飾的名詞、代詞或名詞短語稱為先行項或先行詞引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞，包括關系代詞關系副詞。三、關系代詞的用法:定語從句可由關系代詞

who,whom,whose,which,that引導關系代詞的指代與在從句中充當?shù)某煞株P系代詞指代的先行詞充當從句的成分who人主、賓whom人賓which物主、賓that人或物主、賓、表whose人或物定語1.who指人,在定語從句中作主語、賓語。作賓語時，可省略。2.whom指人，在定語從句中作賓語，可省略。

3.which指物，在定語從句中作主語、賓語。作賓語時可省略。5.whose引導的定語從句，既可修飾人，也可修飾物，whose在從句中作定語。4.that指人或物，在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語。作賓語或表語時，可省略。Supplement(1)關系代詞在定語從句中通常作主語或賓語，作賓語時常可以省略。如：Theboywhoisrunningontheplaygroundisthebestrunnerinourschool.(who作主語，不可省略）Thesubject(which)IlikebestinEnglish.(which作賓語，可省略）Supplement(2)關系代詞也可以用作介詞的賓語。在正式場合，介詞可以置于關系代詞前，這種情況下關系代詞不可省略，也不可以用that代替。如：Isthisthemagazine(which/that)youweretalkingaboutjustnow?=Isthisthemagazineaboutwhichyouweretalkingjustnow?但是要注意的是，固定短語中的介詞不能前置到關系代詞前。如：Youaretheveryperson(whom/that)wearelookingfor.Supplement(3)當先行詞是way并且定語從句要表示“以……的方式”時，定語從句常用that或inwhich

引導，that和inwhich也可以省略。如：Iliketheway(that/inwhich)shesmiles.Supplement①先行詞中有人又有物時。e.g.Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?(4)只能用that不能用which的情況:②先行詞為不定代詞all,one,few,little,no,some,any,everything,nothing,nobody,none等時。e.g.Thisisall

thatIwantfromtheschool.③先行詞被only,just,very,right,last等修飾時。e.g.Thisistheverybook

thatIhavebeenlookingforthesedays.④當先行詞被最高級修飾時。e.g.TheTVtoweristhehighestbuildingthathasbeenbuiltinthiscity.⑤當先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時。e.g.Thefirstlesson

thatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.目標二：Touserestrictiverelativeclauseswithrelativepronounsto

describefriendsappropriatelyBApplyingtherulesActivity1:Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingrestrictiverelativeclauses.1.Commoninterestsproviderichground.Manyfriendshipsgrowfromrichground.Commoninterestsproviderichground_______________________________.2.Whenfriends’communicationiswarmandopen,friendshipsgrowbest.Friendshipsgrowbestbetweenfriends_______________________________.

3.Friendshipsarelikeflowers.Theseflowersneedtobetakengoodcareof.Friendshipsarelikeflowers_______________________________.fromwhichmanyfriendshipsgrowwhosecommunicationiswarmandopenwhich/thatneedtobetakengoodcareof4.Arelationshipwithatruefriendwillsurelyproducefruit.Youcancountonatruefriend.Arelationshipwithatruefriend_____________________________willsurelyproducefruit.5.Youhavebeenhelpedbyothers.Tomakefriends,youshouldhelpothersinthesameway.Tomakefriends,youshouldhelpotherstheway__________________________________________.(whom/that/who)youcancountonthatyouhavebeenhelpedbyothersActivity2:Thepassagebelowisaboutfriendshipinagreatnovel.Completethepassagewithcorrectrelativepronounswherenecessary.InMarkTwain’sAdventuresofHuckleberry

Finn,thefriendship(1)___________formsbetweenHuckFinnandJimisanimportantthemeofthebook,thoughtheyappeartobeanunlikelypair.Huckisapoorwhiteboy(2)________fatheroftenbeatshim,whileJimisablackslave(3)_________longstobefree.Oneday,Huckrunsawayfromhometoanisland.TherehemeetsJimandmakesfriendswithhim.Thentheyleavetheislandtogetheronaraft(4)__________theyfindontheMississippiRiver.TheyheadnorthtoIllinois,astatein(5)______Jimcanbecomefree.ThehighpointofthestorycomeswhenHuckisfacedwiththedecisionofwhethertohandJimovertosomeslavecatchers.Intheend,HuckdecidesthatJimisafriend(6)_________________heneedsandvalues,andrefusestogivehimup.Fromthisstorywecanseethatfriendsarepeople(7)________supportyouthroughthickandthin.which/thatwhosewho/that(which/that)which(whom/who/that)who/thatActivity3:Inpairs,describea