（3）2024屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習攻克典型題型之語法填空

（3）2024屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習攻克典型題型之語法填空題型訓練一、Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang'e-4probe(探測器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess—①_____(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis②_____(extreme)challenging.Becausethemoon'sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot③_____couldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular④_____(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(環(huán)形山),moreso⑤_____thefamiliarnearside.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang'e-4⑥_____(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin."Thisreallyexcitesscientists,"CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,"becauseit⑦_____(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon⑧_____(construct)."Dataaboutthemoon'scomposition,suchashow⑨_____iceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether⑩_____(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.二、In432BC,asthecitiesofAthensandSparta①_____(battle)inawar,adeadlyillnesssweptthroughAthens,②_____(strike)fearandpanicintoitscitizens.ThediseasereachedAthensviatheportcityofPiraeusandspreadthroughoutGreeceandtheeasternMediterranean,killingalmostathirdofitspopulation,eventhegreatleaderthen,66-year-oldPericles③_____(include).Itseemedtheonlythingforthecitizenstodowas④_____theyhadtowaittodie.⑤_____(protect)thepeopleofAthens,whenthepandemicjustbrokeout,PericlesorderedtheAthenianstomovewithinthecity'snewlybuilt"longwalls",butitwaswhentherealnightmarebegan.Thisgavethediseasetheperfectconditions⑥_____ThepandemiccouldmorequicklyinfectmoreoftheAthenianpopulation.IntheHistoryofGreece,theancientGreekhistorianThucydides,whofellvictimtothediseaseandsurvived,wrotethat“peopleingoodhealthwereattacked⑦_____(severe)allofasuddenbyviolentheatsinthehead,andrednessandinflammationintheeyes,theinwardparts,suchasthethroatortongue,becomingbloodyandemittedanunnaturalandfetid(惡臭的)breath”.Despite⑧_____(write)evidenceofthedisease,itscauseisstillunknown.Possibilitiesmightbe⑨_____wecalltyphoidfeverandEbolanowadays.Monthslater,thediseasefinallybecamelessintenseandforabriefperiodtheAthenianswererelieved,butitwouldstriketwicemore,forcingAthenstoyieldtoSpartain404BCEandendingAthens'ruleinancientGreece.Thehistoryofmankind⑩_____(consist)ofplentyofbattlesfightingagainstepidemics,whichcanchangehistoryitselfinturn.三、Recently,16ChineseonlinenovelshavebeenaddedtothecollectionoftheBritishLibrary.①_______(cover)thamesofsciencefiction,history,realityandfantasy,theseworksareconsideredtheclassicsofChineseonlineliteraturefromthepast20years.Thelibraryusuallyselectsworks②_______(base)ontheirpopularityorbyconsideringanitem’svalue.Readerscanchecktheinformationaboutthe16booksonthelibrary’swebsite,andborrowprinted③_______(copy).Asoneofthecurrentkeypartsofmassculturalconsumption,④_______beganwith“fastfood”romanced,fantasiesandmysteries,theChineseonlineliteratureindustryhasreceivedincreasing⑤_______(recognize)fromhomeandabroad.Oneofthe16novels,HappinessinPalmtellsastoryaboutloveanddelicacies(美食)inancienttimes.Theauthorcreateda⑥_______(represent)heroinewhowastoughandintelligent,facinguptohardshipswithcourage,perseveranceandoptimism.“It’s⑦_______surprisetomethatonlinefictioncanbeaddedtothecollectionofaforeignlibrary.⑧_______feelslikethepathofonlinenovelwritingisbecomingmuch⑨_______(wide)”thewritersays.GreatPower,HeavyIndustrytellsofhowChina’smanufacturingindustries⑩_______(grow)strongerinrecentdecades,andforeignreaderscanlearnabouttheChinesesystemandculturebehindthecountry’sswifteconomicdevelopment,gettingtoknowChinabetterintheprocess.四、Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi'an,asafirststep①_____(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路線)byfoot.Onthe1,100-kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,②_____losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces.InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation③_____(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.④_____friendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental⑤_____(protect).Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore⑥_____(meaning).Thetwoofthemcollectedmorethan1,000plasticbottlesalongthe40-dayjourney.Inthelastfiveyears,Cao⑦_____(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa's⑧_____(high)mountain.Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4,700kilometers⑨_____Xi'antoKashgaronSept.20,⑩_____(plan)tohikebacktoXi'aninfivemonths.五、Iworkedasasportsjournalistformyfirst10yearswithChinaDaily.Ihave①_______(close)followedhowChinahasgrownfromaminorplayerintheinternationalsportsworldintoaglobalsportspower.②_______ithadahugepopulation,Chinawasnotmuchofaglobalforceinsportsuntilthe1980s.However,itwasverygoodattabletennisatthattime.ThefirstmajorinternationalbreakthroughforChinacamein1981③_______itswomen'svolleyballteamwontheFIVBWomen'sWorldCup.Understandably,sportsfanswentcrazy.Paradescelebratingthevictory④_______(hold)onmanyuniversitycampuses⑤_______somestudentsshoutingsloganssuchas"revitalizing(使更強壯)China",whichhasbecomethegoalofthenationsincethen.⑥_______(motivate)bythevictory,Chinainvestedmoreofthelimitedresourcesintrainingathletes.Theinvestmentpaidoff,asChinagot⑦_______(it)firstOlympicgoldmedalinshootingin1984.Inall,Chineseathleteswon15goldmedalsintheLosAngelesOlympics,⑧_______(set)thecoursetobecomingaglobalsportspower.In⑨_______pastdecade,Chineseathleteshavebeenwinningabout120goldmedalsininternationalsportsgameseveryyear.AsChinainvestsmoreresourcesinsports,thegovernmenthasstartedencouragingordinary⑩_______(citizen)toplaysports.六、ThePotalaPalace(布達拉宮)featuresawallpainting①_____illustratesahistoricmarriagebetweenmembersoftheHanandTibetanethnicgroups.Likethewallpainting,manyotherrelicsinTibethavealsohelped②_____(far)uncoverculturalcommunicationbetweenTibetandtherestofChina.③_____(original)builtintheeighthcentury,theSamyeMonasteryislistedasanexampleofacombinationofculturalheritageandarchitecturalstyles,whiletheShaluMonastery,setupin1087,isanotherexampleofamixofarchitecturalstyles.Theearliestarchaeologicalsite④_____(identify)mattheheartoftheQinghai-TibetPlateau(高原)sofaristheNwyaDevusite.Morethan4,000stoneartifacts(石器)⑤_____(find)atthePaleolithicsitesince2016.Scientificanalysisshowedthatthesite⑥_____(date)backtosome40,000yearsago.Archaeological⑦_____(discovery)havealsoprovidedabundantevidenceofculturalintegration.Forexample,thewoodencarvingunearthedfromTibet'sNgariandthosefromXinjiangaresimilar⑧_____shape.Thecultural⑨_____(connect)betweenTibetandtheYellowRiverbasinwasprovedattheKarubruinswiththefindingofacropplantedinnorthernChina.⑩_____findingprovedthecommunicationbetweentheplateauandnorthernChinasome5,000yearsago.七、On17March,AliceBrown,headteacheratFalmontPrimarySchool,①_____(teach)whenthefloorbegantoshake.Thestudentsreacted②_____(proper)—theymovedundertheirdesksandheldontothelegsofthedesks.Whentheshakingstopped,itwasthebesttimefortheclass③_____(make)theirescape.MissBrownletherstudentsexittheclassroomin④_____orderlylinewiththeirhandsontheirheads.Soon,thewholeclasswenttotheplaygroundwithnoneofthem⑤_____(injure).Itwasthepracticeofearthquake⑥_____(safe)proceduresthathelpedthestudentsprotect⑦_____(they)duringtheearthquake.On20December,thedaybeganasusualonGoldshoreBeach.Peoplewerewalking,runningorsimplysittingonit.However,a10-year-oldgirlnoticedthatsomethingoddhappenedtothewater,⑧_____wassignsofa⑨_____(come)tsunami.Shekeptaskingherparentstotalktoasafetyofficeraboutthesigns.⑩_____herrelief,theofficerrapidlyclearedthepeoplejustbeforethehugewavescrashedintothecoast.Thankstothegirl,around100peopleweresaved.八、Astheeffectsofglobalwarming,risingsealevelandnaturaldisastersbecome①_____(serious)thanbefore,somelocalcommunitiesaretakingaction.AmongthemisonecommunityinFlorida②_____localpeopleandgovernmentofficialsaresuccessfulinprotectingcoastalcitiesfromthedangersofrisingsealevel.Thecommunityhasstudiedhowmuchsealevelwillriseandhassuggestedaddressingtheprobleminsome③_____(effect)ways.Ithaspersuadedthestategovernment④_____(ban)developmentsonlandnearthecoastlineandrecommended⑤_____(build)sanddunes(沙丘)alongbeaches.KristinJacobs,oneofthegroup'sfounders,decidedtotakeactionin2008afteritbecame⑥_____(gradual)clearthatherstate's27waterauthoritiescouldn'tagreeonjointactionatlarge.WhilesomeFloridagovernmentofficialsdoubt⑦_____theclimatewillbecomehotterorcolder,thepeoplelivinginthese⑧_____(locate)arecertainoftheneedtoprotecttheircommunities.Atpresent,comingup⑨_____waystodealwiththeeffectsofclimatechangeunderalimitedbudget(預(yù)算)⑩_____(be)apressingconcern.Onlytimewilltellwhetherthesecommunitieswillsucceedintheend.答案以及解析1.答案：①touched②extremely③where④interest⑤than⑥tofind⑦means⑧isconstructed⑨much⑩its解析：①考查時態(tài)。空格處為句子的謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語"lastweek"可知應(yīng)使用一般過去時，故填touched。②考查副詞?？仗幮揎椥稳菰~challenging，應(yīng)使用extreme的副詞形式，故填extremely。③考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)一個定語從句，先行詞是"aspot"，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中做地點狀語，應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)。故填where。④考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的形容詞particular可知，空處應(yīng)填名詞。interest是不可數(shù)名詞，beofinteresttosb.意為"(某物)使某人感興趣"。故填interest。⑤考查介詞。根據(jù)空前的比較級"moreso"可知，此處填介詞than，表示"比"。故填than。⑥考查非謂語動詞。此處表示目的，應(yīng)使用不定式做目的狀語。故填tofind。⑦考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)上文"Thisreallyexcitesscientists"可知，此處也應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是it，故空格處謂語動詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式means，故填means。⑧考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處為賓語從句的謂語動詞，謂語construct與主語"themoon"之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)，再由上下文可知此處應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語"themoon"是單數(shù)，故填isconstructed。⑨考查固定用法。howmuch多少，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。⑩考查代詞。根據(jù)空格后的名詞plans可知，此處應(yīng)使用形容詞性物主代詞its，故填its。2.答案：werebattling；striking；included；that；Toprotect；where；severely；written；what；consists解析：①考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中作謂語。根據(jù)時間狀語“In432BC”和空后的“inawar”可知，此處表示戰(zhàn)爭正在發(fā)生，所以句子用過去進行時；主語是“thecitiesofAthensandSparta”，be動詞用were。故填werebattling。②考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中已有謂語，所以空處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞形式?！阿赺____(strike)fearandpanicintoitscitizens”作狀語，表示這場致命的疾病席卷雅典帶來的結(jié)果。此處應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞形式，表示自然而然的結(jié)果。故填striking。③考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中已有謂語動詞reached，所以空處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞形式?！?6-year-oldPericles③_____(include)”為獨立主格，空處與其邏輯主語Pericles之間為動賓關(guān)系，所以此處用過去分詞。故填included。④考查表語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，空后的內(nèi)容、句意完整，成分齊全，所以空處應(yīng)填that來引導(dǎo)該表語從句。⑤考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“⑤_____(protect)thepeopleofAthens”在句中作目的狀語，表示“PericlesorderedtheAthenianstomovewithinthecity'snewlybuilt‘longwalls’”的目的，所以空處應(yīng)填動詞不定式?？仗幬挥诰涫祝瑔卧~首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填Toprotect。⑥考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作狀語，先行詞為conditions，表示抽象的地點。故填關(guān)系副詞where。⑦考查副詞?？仗幮揎梽釉~attacked，所以此處用副詞作狀語。severely意為“嚴重地”。故填severely。⑧考查形容詞。空處在句中作定語，修飾名詞evidence，應(yīng)用形容詞形式。written意為“書面的”，故填written。⑨考查表語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，該從句中缺少動詞call的間接賓語，空處表示“……東西”，應(yīng)用what來引導(dǎo)該表語從句。故填what。⑩考查時態(tài)和主謂一致?！癱onsistof..”為固定短語，意為“由……組成”，無被動形式。本句表示客觀事實，句子應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；句子的主語“Thehistoryofmankind”為單數(shù)含義，所以謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填consists。3.答案：①Covering②based③copies④which⑤recognition⑥r(nóng)epresentative⑦a⑧It⑨wider⑩havegrown解析：①考查非謂語動詞。句意：這些作品涵蓋了科幻、歷史現(xiàn)實和奇幻的方方面面，被認為是近20年來中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)文學的經(jīng)典之作。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，和邏輯主語theseworks，之間是主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填Covering。②考查非謂語動詞。句意：圖書館通常根據(jù)作品的受歡迎程度或作品的價值來選擇作品。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，和邏輯主語works之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動詞的過去分詞的形式作后置定語。故填based。③考查名詞。句意：讀者可以在圖書館網(wǎng)站上查詢這16本書的相關(guān)信息，并借閱印刷本。設(shè)空處在句中作賓語，應(yīng)用名詞的形式，空前無限定詞修飾，應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式表泛指。故填copies。④考查定語從句。句意：中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)文學產(chǎn)業(yè)作為當前大眾文化消費的重要組成部分之一，從浪漫的"快餐"、幻想和神秘開始，越來越受到國內(nèi)外的認可。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為massculturalconsumption，從句缺少主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。⑤考查名詞。句意同上。設(shè)空處在句中作賓語，應(yīng)用名詞；recognition"認可"是抽象概念為不可數(shù)名詞。故填recognition。⑥考查形容詞。句意：作者塑造了一個堅強、聰明、勇敢、堅持、樂觀地面對困難的代表性女主人公。設(shè)空處后為名詞，形容詞修飾名詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用形容詞的形式。故填representative。⑦考查冠詞。句意：作者說："外國圖書館能收藏網(wǎng)絡(luò)小說，這讓我很驚訝。感覺網(wǎng)絡(luò)小說的寫作路徑變得越來越寬了"設(shè)空處后為名詞surprise，表示"一件驚訝的事"，為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式；設(shè)空處表泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且該詞的發(fā)音是輔音音素開頭，故填a。⑧考查代詞。句意同上。固定句型itfeelslike(that)...感覺……，故填I(lǐng)t。⑨考查形容詞的比較級。句意同7小題。much修飾比較級，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用比較級形式作表語。故填wider。⑩考查謂語動詞。句意：《大國，重工業(yè)》講述了中國制造業(yè)在近幾十年是如何發(fā)展壯大的，外國讀者可以了解中國經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展背后的中國制度和文化，在這個過程中更好地了解中國。設(shè)空處為賓語從句的謂語動詞，根據(jù)時間狀語inrecentdecades，可知句子的時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時，主語為industries，結(jié)合主謂一致。故填havegrown。4.答案：tojourney；who；held；A；protection；meaningful；haswalked；highest；from；planning解析：①考查固定搭配。afirststeptodosth為固定搭配，意為“做某事的第一步”。所給詞journey在句中作動詞，意為“旅行”，故填tojourney。②考查非限制性定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處所在句為非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞CaoShengkang。該定語從句缺少主語，且先行詞指人，需用who來引導(dǎo)該定語從句，故填who。③考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句已有謂語，故空處應(yīng)填所給動詞的非謂語動詞形式。所給詞hold與其邏輯主語“theBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation”之間是動賓關(guān)系，故填held。④考查冠詞。句意：他的一個叫吳凡的朋友，自愿在旅行期間成為他的旅伴。根據(jù)句意可知，此處泛指“他的一個朋友”，且空后的名詞friend的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，所以空處應(yīng)填不定冠詞a；空處位于句首，所填詞的首字母要大寫，故填A(yù)。⑤考查名詞?？涨笆切稳菰~environmental，environmental應(yīng)修飾名詞，故填所給詞protect的名詞形式。故填protection。⑥考查形容詞。此處為“make+賓語+賓補”的固定結(jié)構(gòu)，此處為形容詞作賓補，空處應(yīng)填所給詞的形容詞形式，故填meaningful。⑦考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)填該句的謂語。根據(jù)空前的時間狀語“Inthelastfiveyears”可知，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，且主語Cao表示單數(shù)意義，故填haswalked。⑧考查形容詞的最高級。此處指乞力馬扎羅山是非洲最高的山。根據(jù)句意可知，此空應(yīng)用high的最高級形式，故填highest。⑨考查介詞。句意：9月20日，他從西安乘飛機飛了4700千米到達喀什噶爾，計劃在5個月內(nèi)徒步返回西安?！癴rom….to…”為固定搭配，意為“從……到……”，故填from。⑩考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句已有謂語動詞flew，故空處應(yīng)填所給動詞的非謂語動詞形式，且主語He和所給動詞plan之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故填planning。解析：5.答案：closely；Although/Though/While；when；wereheld；with；Motivated；its；setting；the；citizens解析：①副詞句意：我一直密切關(guān)注著中國在國際運動方面是怎樣從一個無名之輩成長為全球體育強國的?？仗幮揎椫^語，表示"密切地"，故填副詞closely。②從屬連詞根據(jù)句意可知，此處意為"盡管，雖然"，故填A(yù)lthough/Though/While引導(dǎo)從句。注意首字母大寫。③定語從句分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾空前的1981，且從句中缺少時間狀語，故填when。④動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致此處描述過去的事情，故用一般過去時；且主語Parades為復(fù)數(shù)，與hold之間是被動關(guān)系。故填wereheld。⑤介詞分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)"with+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞"。故空處填with。⑥非謂語動詞分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為非謂語。motivate"激勵"，與邏輯主語China之間為動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞Motivated。注意首字母要大寫。⑦形容詞性物主代詞此處表示"它的"，故填its。⑧非謂語動詞分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為非謂語。結(jié)合語境可知，此處表示主句的內(nèi)容帶來的自然而然的結(jié)果，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。注意set的現(xiàn)在分詞形式需要雙寫t加ing。⑨冠詞表示在過去的十年內(nèi)，用in/duringthepastdecade。⑩名詞單復(fù)數(shù)此處表示"普通市民們"，為復(fù)數(shù)概念，故填citizens。6.答案：which/that；further；Originally；identified；havebeenfound；dated；discoveries；in；connection；The解析：①考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“①_____illustratesahistoricmarriage…”為定語從句，空處在從句中作主語，先行詞awallpainting指物，故填關(guān)系代詞which或that。②考查副詞的比較級。理解句意可知，此處表示“有助于進一步揭示西藏與中國其他地區(qū)的文化交流”，空處修飾動詞uncover，所以應(yīng)用副詞far的比較級，故填further。③考查副詞?？仗幮揎梽釉~built，要用副詞形式；且空處位于句首，首字母要大寫。故填Originally。④考查非謂語動詞。分析空處所在句可知，is是本句的系動詞，所以空處要用所給詞的非謂語動詞形式。且identify與其邏輯主語“Theearliestarchaeologicalsite”之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以空處用其過去分詞形式。故填identified。⑤考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時間狀語since2016可知，本句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時；“Morethan4，000stoneartifacts”與find之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以句子應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；且主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，助動詞用have。故填havebeenfound。⑥考查時態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在賓語從句中作謂語。datebackto意為“追溯到”，由主句中的showed和時間狀語“some40，000yearsago”可知，從句應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填dated。⑦考查名詞的數(shù)。discovery為可數(shù)名詞，意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。由空后的“havealsoprovided”可知，此處應(yīng)該用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填discoveries。⑧考查介詞。“besimilarin…”是固定搭配，表示“在……方面相似”。故填in。⑨考查名詞。由空