高考英語復(fù)習(xí)詞匯講解1222（共12組）講義

高考英語詞匯一、Can’twait!(我)迫不及待了!【句型公式】can’twaittodosth迫不及待想做某事【句式點(diǎn)撥】本句是Ican’twaittogotoajazzbarintheRichmondDistrict!的省略形式,句意為“我迫不及待想去里士滿區(qū)的一個(gè)爵士樂酒吧!”sbcan’twaittodosth/forsth某人等不及想做某事?！練w納拓展】canhardlywaittodosth

急于做某事can’thelpdoingsth禁不住要做某事【活學(xué)活用】◆單句填空①Stellacan’twait

(see)herfamiliesaftersuchalongandtiringjourney.

②Whenthetermisingtoanend,manystudentscan’twait

theirvacation.

③Afterhearingthefunnystory,allofuscouldn’thelp

(laugh).

◆完成句子④Theaudiencesweresoexcitedthatthey

theperformers.

觀眾們是如此激動(dòng)以至于都迫不及待要和表演者們交談。

【答案】to

seeforlaughingcould

not/hardly

wait

to

talk

to二、YunnanProvinceisdefinitelyoneofthemostdiverseprovincesthatIhaveeverbeento.云南省確實(shí)是我去過的最具多樣性的省份之一。

【句型公式】主語+be+形容詞最高級+名詞+that引導(dǎo)的定語從句

【句式點(diǎn)撥】先行詞provinces被形容詞最高級修飾,定語從句用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo),主句中謂語為is,從句時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。[溫馨提示]

(1)定語從句要用that而不用which引導(dǎo)。(2)be動(dòng)詞若為is/are,

that引導(dǎo)的定語從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);be動(dòng)詞若為was/were,

that引導(dǎo)的定語從句用過去完成時(shí)?！净顚W(xué)活用】◆單句填空①Thisisoneofthebestnovels

havebeenpublishedthisyear.

②Woodytellsmeitisthemostimpressivegiftthathe

(receive)uptonow.

③Oneofthe

(excite)sightsinAucklandthatIhaveeverbeentoistheSkyTower.

◆完成句子④You

Don’tKnowParisisoneofthemostbeautifulballads

.

《你不了解巴黎》是他寫過的最優(yōu)美的情歌之一。⑤Iwastouchedbyyesterday’sconcert.Actuallyitwasoneofthebestconcerts

to.

我被昨天的音樂會(huì)感動(dòng)了,實(shí)際上那是我去過的最好的音樂會(huì)之一?！敬鸢浮縯hathas

receivedmost

excitingthat

he

has

ever

writtenthat

I

had

been三、settlevt.&

vi.(to

make

a

place

your

permanent

home;

to

put

an

end

to

an

argument

or

a

disagreement)定居;結(jié)束(爭論);解決(糾紛)(1)settle

down

定居下來;使平靜下來settle

down

to

(doing)

sth

安下心來做某事settle

in習(xí)慣于,適應(yīng);安頓下來(2)settlement

n.定居點(diǎn);解決;協(xié)議settler

n.移民;殖民者【佳句背誦】Waituntilthestudentssettledownbeforeyoustartthelesson.

等學(xué)生都靜下心來你再開始上課?！净顚W(xué)活用】◆一詞多義①They

haven’t

yet

settled

when

the

wedding

is

going

to

begin.②After

they

got

married,

they

settled

in

Brooklyn.

③Before

a

performance,she

takes

three

deep

breaths

to

settle

hernerves.④It’s

time

you

settled

your

differences

with

your

father.◆完成句子⑤The

doctor

who

had

volunteered

inthepoorvillagebecamethehittopicofthevillagers.

這個(gè)志愿到這個(gè)窮村莊落戶的醫(yī)生成了村民們的中心話題。

⑥As

he

has

a

lot

of

difficult

problems

to

settle,

the

newlyelected

president

is

having

a

hard

time.→

,

the

newlyelected

president

is

having

a

hard

time.

(用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)改寫)【答案】①確定;安排②定居,安家③使平靜下來④

解決⑤to

settle

down⑥With

a

lot

of

difficult

problems

to

settle四、constructionn.(the

work

of

building

or

making

something,

especially

buildings,

bridges,

etc.)建造;建筑;建筑物(1)under

construction

正在建設(shè)中(2)construct

vt.

建造;構(gòu)筑constructive

adj.建設(shè)性的;有助益的【佳句背誦】They

had

to

bring

the

project

under

construction

to

an

end

because

of

lacking

money.

由于缺乏資金,他們不得不結(jié)束正在建設(shè)的工程。【活學(xué)活用】◆單句填空①The

local

government

raised

a

large

sum

of

money

for

railway

(construct).

②She

believes

these

talks

will

be

the

start

of

a

(construct)

and

meaningful

dialogue.③There

are

several

buildings

(construct)

by

the

Catholic

church

in

the

fifteenth

century

in

the

little

town.

◆句式改寫④A

motorway

bridge

under

construction

in

Colombia

has

collapsed,

killing

at

least

10

workers

and

injuring

5

others.→A

motorway

bridge

in

Colombia

has

collapsed,

killing

at

least

10

workers

and

injuring

5

others.

(用construct改寫)

【答案】①construction②constructive③constructed④(which

is)

being

constructed五、to

name

but

a

few僅舉幾例tonamebutafew放在句中或句末,意思是“僅舉幾例”。forexample一般只舉同類人或物中的“一個(gè)”為例,作插入語,用逗號隔開,可置于句首、句中、句末。suchas常列舉同類人或物中的幾個(gè)例子,不能窮盡,可和andsoon連用,可分開使用such…as…like表示列舉,可和suchas互換。【活學(xué)活用】◆單句填空①Ilikefruits,apple,banana,pear,

(name)justafew.

②Noise,

example,isakindofpollution.

③Somewarmbloodedanimals,

thecat,thedogorthewolf,donotneedtohibernate.

◆句式改寫④Chinahasmanybigcities,suchasBeijing,Shanghai,Shenzhenandsoon.→Chinahasmanybigcities,Beijing,Shanghai,Shenzhen,

.

(同義句改寫)

【答案】to

nameforliketo

name

but

a

few六、suitvt.(tobeconvenientorusefulforsb;tomakeyoulookattractive)適合;滿足……需要;相配;合身

n.西裝;套裝(1)suitsthtosth/sb使某物適合另一事物/某人(2)suited

adj.

般配的besuitedfor/to…

適合……(3)suitable

adj.

合適的;適宜的besuitableforsb/sth適合某人/某物besuitabletodo…適合做……【易混辨析】suit,match與fit

suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、條件、地位、場合等match多指色調(diào)、形狀、性質(zhì)等方面的搭配fit多指大小、形狀的合適【活學(xué)活用】◆單句填空①Agoodspeakerisalwaystryingtosuithisspeech

hisaudience.

②LisuggeststraditionalChineseclotheswhileSuthinkstheschooluniformsaremore

(suit).

③JimandMaryseem

(suit)toeachother,inspiteoftheirquarrels.

◆選詞填空(suit,

match與fit)④She

thecarpetwithsomeverynicecurtainsincolour.

⑤Thecolourofthispairofshoes

meverywell,butitdoesn’t

me.

◆完成句子⑥Indoingtranslation,oneshouldnotchangethemeaningoftheoriginal

.

翻譯時(shí),不應(yīng)根據(jù)自己的好惡改變原文的意思。⑦IamwritingtotellyouthatI

thejobyouareadvertising.

我寫信是想告訴你,我適合做你們在廣告上刊登的這份工作?！敬鸢浮竣賢o②suitable③suited④matches⑤suits

fit⑥to

suit

one’s

own

taste⑦am

suitable/fit/qualified

for七、ItislikelythatNativeAmericansmovedtoCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.

美洲土著居民很可能在至少15000年前搬到了加利福尼亞州。【句型公式】Itislikelythat…可能……【句式點(diǎn)撥】本句式中

it為形式主語,真正的主語為

that從句。此句型可轉(zhuǎn)化為sbbelikelytodosth“某人可能做某事”?！鞠嚓P(guān)拓展】Itisunlikelythat…

……是不可能的。beunlikelytodosth

不可能做某事【活學(xué)活用】◆單句填空①Themorestressyouareunder,the

(likely)youaretocatchacold.

②Theyarelikely

(fire)bythepanyjustbecauseoftheirfault.

③Ifbossesbarelymunicate,theyare

(likely)toreceiveusefulfeedback.

◆完成句子④Ifyoufinishyourworkinahurry,you

makemistakes.

→

youwillmakemistakesifyoufinishyourworkinahurry.

(用it作形式主語改寫)

如果你匆匆完成你的工作,你就可能會(huì)出錯(cuò)。

【答案】more

likelyto

be

firedunlikelyare

likely

to

It

is

likely

that

八、WhatstartedasaresidentialareaforChineseimmigrantsthenturnedintoacentreforChineseculture.早先作為中國移民的住宅區(qū)的地方后來變成了中華文化的中心。

【句型公式】what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句【句式點(diǎn)撥】本句中what引導(dǎo)主語從句,用作主句的主語;what是復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞,此處相當(dāng)于theplacethat,意為“……的地方”。此外,what還有更多的意義。如指代“……的東西”,相當(dāng)于somethingthat;指代“……的時(shí)間”,相當(dāng)于thetimethat;指代“……的人”,相當(dāng)于thepersonthat/who等?！練w納拓展】(1)what引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)有一定的含義,并起連接作用。(2)what還可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。【活學(xué)活用】◆單句填空①

Ican’tunderstandiswherehegetsallhismoney.

②Italsogivespeopleachancetosee

thenewhomelookslike.

③Thisis

myfathertaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.

◆完成句子④

inlearningaforeignlanguageisenoughpractice.

學(xué)習(xí)一門外語最要緊的是足夠的練習(xí)。⑤After

,Iopenedmyeyesandfoundmyselfinbed!

在似乎過了很長時(shí)間之后,我睜開眼睛,發(fā)現(xiàn)自己躺在床上!⑥Exactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedin

asCalifornia,noonereallyknows.

沒有人知道確切在什么時(shí)候第一批移民者到達(dá)我們現(xiàn)在所知的加利福尼亞州的?！敬鸢浮竣賅hat②what③what④

What

matters

most⑤

what

seemed

a

very

long

time⑥

what

we

now

know九、mentaladj.(connectedwithorhappeninginthemind;involvingtheprocessofthinking)精神的;思想的(1)mentalhealth/illness/problem心理健康

/

疾病

/

問題physicalandmentalhealth

身心健康(2)mentally

adv.

精神上;心理上physically

adv.

身體上;肉體上【活學(xué)活用】◆單句填空①It’sgoingtobeatoughpetitionbutI’m

(mental)preparedforit.

②Basketballisaninterestingsport,butit’salso

(physical)demanding.

◆完成句子③Yogacanbedonetohelpwiththestressthatesalongwithvarious

.

做瑜伽可以幫助緩解各種身心狀況帶來的壓力。④Childrenneedfoodnotonlytosurvivebutalsotogrow

.

兒童需要食物不僅是為了生存,

還為了讓身心成長?！敬鸢浮縨entallyphysicallyphysical

and

mental

conditionsphysically

and

mentally十、intelligentadj.(goodatlearning,understandingandthinkinginalogicalwayaboutthings;showingthisability)有智慧的;聰明的;有智力的(1)intelligentsoftware/systems智能軟件/系統(tǒng)ahighlyintelligentstudent非常聰明的學(xué)生(2)intelligence

n.

智力;才智;智慧artificialintelligence(AI)

人工智能apersonofhigh/lowintelligence智力高/低的人【活學(xué)活用】◆單句填空①Theyhavestudiedthedevelopmentof

(intelligent)intheanimalworldformanyyears.

②Intermsoftheenvironment,itisnowpossibletocreatean

(intelligence)walkinghouse.

◆完成句子③Theboy

thathebeganuniversitystudiesattheageoftwelve.

那個(gè)男孩子如此聰明,以至于十二歲時(shí)他就開始讀大學(xué)了。④Susanisaveryintelligentwomanwhoknowsherownmind.→Susanisawoman

whoknowsherownmind.

(同義句改寫)

【答案】intelligenceintelligentwas

so

intelligentof

high

intelligence十一、determinevt.(tocontrolorinfluencesomethingdirectly,ortodecidewhatwillhappen)查明;確定;決定(1)determinetodosth=makeupone’smindtodosth決心/決定做某事(表示動(dòng)作)(2)determined

adj.

堅(jiān)決的;有決心的bedeterminedtodosth

決心做某事(表示狀態(tài))(3)determination

n.

決定;決心【佳句背誦】Astheprofessorputsit,itisapositiveattitudethatdeterminespeople’ssuccess.正如教授所說,正是積極的態(tài)度決定人們的成功?！净顚W(xué)活用】◆單句填空①Her

(determine),teamworkskillsandleadershipcapabilitiesconvincedusthatshewasperfectforthejob.

②Theoldmanwasdetermined,evenathisage,

(cross)thewatertoseehisyoungestsoninNewZealand.

◆完成句子③Upbringingplaysanimportantpartin

.

后天培養(yǎng)對于一個(gè)人性格的形成起著重要作用。④Ashe

beforehecouldmakeabigfortune,Mikelefthomewithoutsayingaword.

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