沖刺2024年高考英語真題重組卷02（江蘇卷專用）

沖刺2024年高考英語真題重組卷（江蘇卷專用）真題重組卷02注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型(A)填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。因筆試不考聽力，選擇題從第二部分的“閱讀”開始，試題序號(hào)從“21”開始。2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑;如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔：考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inthebookstore. B．Intheregisteroffice. C．Inthedormbuilding.【答案】B【原文】W:CouldyoupleasetellmehowIcangettothestudentdormbuilding?M:Sure.Turnleftwhenyouwalkoutofthisregisteroffice,passthebookstoreandyou’llseeit.2．Whatistheweatherlikenow?A．Sunny. B．Cloudy. C．Rainy.【答案】A【原文】M:Wecouldn’taskforabetterday,couldwe,Barbara?W:Iknow,Steve.Thereisn’tacloudinthesky.Ilovethistimeofyear.M:Me,too.Theflowersarebeautifulbutcallingforrainthough.3．Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?A．It’sbig. B．It’squiet. C．It’snew.【答案】B【原文】W:John,can’twegosomeplaceandtalk?It’ssonoisyinhere.M:Well,there’sasmallparkacrossthestreet.It’susuallynotcrowdedatthistimeofday.4．Howdoesthewomansound?A．Annoyed. B．Pleased. C．Puzzled.【答案】A【原文】W:We’vegottodosomethingabouttheneighbor’sdog.M:Why?Hashebeenintoyourflowergardenagain?W:Theflowergarden,thegarbagecanandyesterdayhestarteddiggingholesintheyard.5．Whatdresssizedoesthewomanwant?A．8. B．10. C．12.【答案】C【原文】M:CanIhelpyou?W:I’mlookingforasizetwelvedress.M:Oh,letmesee.Aneight,aten.Ah,you’relucky.Ihavetheprettiestdresshereinatwelve.Whydon’tyoutryiton?第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答6、7小題。6．WhereisJimnow?A．Inataxi. B．Onabus. C．Inhisoffice.7．Whatisthewoman’ssuggestion?A．Goingtothecitycenter.B．Takingashortcuthome.C．MeetingJiminthepark.【答案】6．A7．B【原文】W:Jimwillcallonusthisafternoon.Doyouknowwhereheisnow?M:Er...wait.Letmesee.Hehassenttwomessagessayingthathe’sdonewithhisworkattheofficeandgotataxiand...andhe’llarriveintwentyminutes.W:Wecan’tkeephimwaitingoutsideourhome.Wehavetohurry.M:Butittakesatleasthalfanhourtogettothecitycenterbybus.Lookatthetraffic.W:Let’sgetoff.Wecansaveatleasttwentyminutesbywalkingthroughthepark.M:Areyousure?W:Yes.Ahundredpercent.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9小題。8．WhydoesthewomanthinkJulyisthebesttimetomove?A．Theirbusinessisslow.B．Theweatherisfavorable.C．It'seasytohirepeople.9．Howwilltheyhandlethemoving?A．Finishitallatonce.B．Havethesalessectiongofirst.C．Doonedepartmentatatime.【答案】8．A9．C【原文】M:Weneedtodecideexactlywhenwe’regoingtomove.Anysuggestions?W:IthinkJulywouldbethebesttime.Oursalesarealwaysdownthatmonth.Wecouldmovealltheofficeequipmentataweekend,doeverythingatonce.M:Ithinkaweekendistooshort.Maybeweshoulddoitdepartmentbydepartment.W:Whatdoyoumean?M:Well,eachweek,adifferentdepartmentwouldmove.Thatway,therewouldalwaysbepeopleheretohandlecustomerinquiries,phonecalls,andsoon.W:Emm,that’sagoodidea.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12小題。10．Whatpositiondoesthemanapplyfor?A．Asalesperson. B．Anengineer. C．Anaccountant.11．Whichaspectofthepanyappealstotheman?A．Thepanyculture. B．Thefreeacmodations. C．Thepetitivepay.12．Whatisdifficultforthemantodealwith?A．Interpersonalrelationships.B．Qualityquantitybalance. C．Unplannedhappenings.【答案】10．C11．A12．C【原文】W:Nowsellyourselfinaminuteplease.M:Igraduatedfromuniversitytwoyearsago,andhavesincebeenworkinginanaccountingpany.Apartfromtheknowledgeandskillsrelatedtomymajor,I’mreallygoodwithputers.Ihavealargeamountofexperienceworkingwithbigdata.IthinkI’mwellqualifiedfortheaccountantpositionhere.W:Good!Whydidyouchoosethispany?M:Petersonhasbeenmydreampanyallalong.Youvalueprogressandfocusonthequalityofworkmorethanthequantity.Theflexibleworkinghoursandworkingfromhomeisalsoattractive.W:Uhhuh.Whatdoyouthinkisyourbiggestweakness?M:Well,whenIwork,IoftenconcentratesomuchonwhatI’mdoingthatImayhaveahardtimedealingwiththingsthateupunexpectedly.Thatmaybeannoyingtosomepeople.W:Allright.Thankyouverymuch.聽第6段材料，回答第13至16小題。13．HowdoesRobertsoundwhenspeakingofhisbeingawriter?A．Hopeful. B．Grateful. C．Doubtful.14．WhatwasRobertlikebeforehewas9yearsold?A．Hehadwildimagination. B．Heenjoyedsports. C．Helovedscience.15．WhatdidRobert’sfatherdo?A．Ateacher. B．Acoach. C．Alibrarian.16．WhathelpedRobertbeeawriter?A．Writingdaily. B．Listeningtostories. C．Readingextensively.【答案】13．B14．B15．A16．C【原文】W:SoRobert,Iguessyoumustbewellintoyourthirddecadeasawriter.Howislifetreatingyou?M:Fourthdecadeasawriter.Hmm,letmegetmycalculatorout.Well,IguessIhavebeenwritingnovelssincethe1980s.Soyou’reright.ButIhavebeenwritingallofmylife.Andtoansweryourquestion,lifehasbeentreatingmeexcellently.W:CanIaskyouaboutyourchildhood?Wereyouabookishchild?M:Inastrangeway,IwasanonreaderuntilIturned9.IusedtoplaybasketballintheschoolyardsofBrooklyn.Myfatherwasahighschoolteacherofphysicsandchemistry.Andhewasabigreader.Hewouldbringbooksbackfromhishighschoollibrary.OnedayIreadthelastchapterofabook,thetitleofwhichI’velongsinceforgotten.IlikeditsomuchthatIstartedreadingtheremainder.Interestingly,IreadthechaptersbackwardsuntilIgottothebeginning.Ireallylovedtheexperience,andIsoonbecameaneagerreader.Thenmyfatherwouldbringpilesofbookshomefromthelibrary.AndIwouldreadthemall,andtheywereallfiction.ImustaddthatIstartedreadingthebooksfromthestart,asopposedtoworkingbackwards.聽第10段材料，回答17、18、19、20小題。17．WherewasOpenTchaikovskypetitionheldin1986?A．InMoscow. B．InChelyabinsk. C．InBerlin.18．WhatdoesMaximsayaboutthepetitionheattendedat10?A．Itinspiredmanyyoungmusicians.B．Itwasthemusiceventofhisdreams.C．Itwasalifechangingexperience.19．Whichkindofmusicaretheyoungplayersrequiredtoplay?A．Rockmusic. B．Popmusic. C．Classicalmusic.20．WhatdoesMaximvaluemostinyoungplayers’performance?A．Expressiveness. B．Smoothness. C．pleteness.【答案】17．A18．C19．C20．A【原文】M:Hello,I’mMaximVengarov,andI’mveryhappytosharewithyoumyconnectionwithopenTchaikovskypetition.ItwasJune1986whenIcametoMoscowtoparticipateinopenTchaikovskypetitionattheageof10fromChelyabinsk.Thiswasactuallytheturningpointofmylife.ThenIattendedaworldmusicfestivalinBerlin.Anditwasinterestingtosaythatakidmadehisbreakthroughalreadyattheageof10.Andthatwasme.Nowasajudgeofthepetition,Icanseeclearlythehugechallengesfacingthemusiciansinthepetition.Whereelsecanyouseeyoungplayersplayingwithintendays—classicalworksandRussiantraditionalmusicbeforeingtothefinalstage?Asamusician,it’simportanttogivemaximumattentionandtimetoyourownreflectionsofyourownfeelings.So,whatI’mreallylookingforinthepetitionistomeetsomeonewhocantouchmemusically.Iwanttoseetheseed,atleasttheseedofthegreattreethatcangrow.Iwouldgoforthisviolinist.Iwouldgoforthismusician.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A（2021，新高考II卷）ThingstoDoinYorkshireThisSummerHarrogateMusicFestivalSinceitsbirth,HarrogateMusicFestivalhasgonefromstrengthtostrength.Thisyear,wearecelebratingour50thanniversary.Webeginon1stJunewithManchesterCamerataandNicolaBenedetti,presentinganamazingprogrammeofMozartpieces.Dates:1June31JulyTickets:￡12￡96Jodie'sFitnessSummerClassesAsthesummermonthsrollin,ourGeorgiancountryestatemakestheperfectsettingforanoutdoorfitnesssession.eandworkoutwithourqualifiedpersonaltrainer,JodieMcGregor,onthegroundsoftheMiddletonLodgeestate.Wewillbeholdingafreetastersessionon23rdMay,at10am,todemonstratethevarietyofeffectiveandactiveexercises.Thereareeightspacesavailableforthetastersession.Advancebookingsarerequired(info@middletonlodge.co.uk.paris)Dates:23May11JulyTickets:￡7.50persessionFeltPictureMakingWorkingfromaninspirationalpicture,thisworkshopatHelmsleyArtsCentrewillteachyouthetechniquesyouwillneedtorecreateyourpictureinwool.Wewillalsodiscusstheoriginsoffelt,whatenableswoolfibrestobeefeltandhowtheprocessesweusework.Dates:12June12JulyTickets:￡40includingmaterialsFigureItOut!PlayingwithMathAnewexhibitioninHalifaxuseseverydayactivitiestoexplainthehiddenmathprincipleswealluseonaregularbasis.Packabag,cutacake,guesswhichjuicecontainerholdsthemostliquid,andmuchmore.Discoverhowarchitects,productdesignersandscientistsusesimilarskillsintheirwork.Dates:7May10JuneTickets:Free21.WhatshouldyoudoifyouwanttoattendthetastersessionofJodie'sfitnessclasses?A.Joinafitnessclub. B.Payaregistrationfee.C.Makeabooking. D.Hireapersonaltrainer.22.HowmuchistheticketforFeltPictureMaking?A.￡7.50. B.￡12. C.￡40. D.￡96.23.Whichofthefollowingstartsearliest?A.HarrogateMusicFestival. B.Jodie'sFitnessSummerClasses.C.FeltPictureMaking. D.FigureItOut!PlayingwithMath.【答案】21.C22.C23.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了今年夏天約克郡的四個(gè)活動(dòng)的情況?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Jodie'sFitnessSummerClasses部分中“Advancebookingsarerequired(info@middletonlodge.co.uk.paris)(需要提前預(yù)訂（）)”可知，如果你想?yún)⒓覬odie的健身課程，你應(yīng)該預(yù)約。故選C?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FeltPictureMaking部分中“Tickets:￡40includingmaterials(門票：40英鎊（含材料）)”可知，F(xiàn)eltPictureMaking的票需要40英鎊。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，HarrogateMusicFestival從6月1日到7月31日；Jodie'sFitnessSummerClasses從5月23日到7月11日；FeltPictureMaking從6月12日到7月12日；FigureItOut!PlayingwithMath從5月7日到6月10日。故FigureItOut!PlayingwithMath最早開始。故選D。B（2021年全國乙卷）Whenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingforalandline（座機(jī)）?Thesedaysyou’dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn’townamobilephone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter（29%）relyonlyontheirsmartphonesaccordingtoasurvey（調(diào)查）.OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatit’snotreallynecessaryandthey’rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallyafactor（因素）—only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,paredto84percentofBabyBoomerswho’veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisn’ttheonlyfactor;I’dsayit’salsotodowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthephone（usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit）.Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?24.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?A.Theirtargetusers. B.Theirwidepopularity.C.Theirmajorfunctions. D.Theirplexdesign.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concede”inparagraph3mean?A.Admit. B.Argue.C.Remember. D.Remark.26.WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?A.Theylikesmartphonegames. B.Theyenjoyguessingcallers’identity.C.Theykeepusinglandlinephones. D.Theyareattachedtotheirfamily.27.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?A.Itremainsafamilynecessity.B.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.C.Itmayincreasedailyexpenses.D.Itisasimportantasthegaslight.【答案】24.B25.A26.C27.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了澳大利亞使用固定的情況，并且表達(dá)了固定是非必需品的觀點(diǎn)。【24題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thesedaysyou'dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn'townamobilephone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.(現(xiàn)在你很難在澳大利亞找到15歲以上的沒有的人。事實(shí)上，很多年幼的孩子口袋里都有。幾乎每個(gè)人都可以隨時(shí)隨地?fù)艽蚝徒勇?”可推知，本段主要說明在澳大利亞廣受歡迎。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞的上文“OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline(在那些仍然有固定的澳大利亞人中)”可知，這個(gè)調(diào)查的目標(biāo)人群是仍然有固定的澳大利亞人；根據(jù)下文“it'snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies(固定并不是必須的，他們將其作為一種安全保障——19%的人表示他們從未使用過固定，另有13%的人保留固定以防緊急情況)”可知，很多人認(rèn)為固定并不是必須擁有的，有些人保留固定只是為了防止緊急情況。從而推知，在調(diào)查中，他們應(yīng)該是承認(rèn)了固定的非必要性。由此推知，劃線單詞“concede”意為“承認(rèn)”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“84percentofBabyBoomerswho'veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.(嬰兒潮時(shí)代中有84%的人可能已經(jīng)有50年相同的家庭號(hào)碼了)”以及文章第五段“Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents(也就是說，老實(shí)說，唯一打過我們家的人是嬰兒潮一代的父母)”可推知，嬰兒潮時(shí)代的人一直用固定。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?(你有多喜歡你的座機(jī)？它們還要多久才能走上煤氣路燈和早晨送牛奶的道路？)”可推知，本段使用類比的方式，使用煤氣路燈以及早晨送牛奶已經(jīng)被淘汰的例子，側(cè)面說明了固定總有一天會(huì)廢棄的。故選B項(xiàng)。C（2020，江蘇卷）Forthosewhocanstomachit,workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst,accordingtoastudyofmealtimingandphysicalactivity.Athletesandscientistshavelongknownthatmealtimingaffectsperformance.However,farlesshasbeenknownabouthowmealtimingandexercisemightaffectgeneralhealth.Tofindout,Britishscientistsconductedastudy.Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactivebutotherwisehealthyyoungmen,whoselifestylesare,forbetterandworse,representativeofthoseofmostofus.Theytestedthemen’sfitnessandrestingmetabolic(新陳代謝的)ratesandtooksamples(樣品)oftheirbloodandfattissue.Then,ontwoseparatemorningvisitstothescientists’lab,eachmanwalkedforanhouratanaveragespeedthat,intheoryshouldallowhisbodytorelymainlyonfatforfuel.Beforeoneoftheseworkouts,themenskippedbreakfast,meaningthattheyexercisedonapletelyemptystomachafteralongovernightfast(禁食).Ontheotheroccasion,theyatearichmorningmealabouttwohoursbeforetheystartedwalking.Justbeforeandanhouraftereachworkout,thescientiststookadditionalsamplesofthemen’sbloodandfattissue.Thentheyparedthesamples.Therewereconsiderabledifferences.Mostobviously,themendisplayedlowerbloodsugarlevelsatthestartoftheirworkoutswhentheyhadskippedbreakfastthanwhentheyhadeaten.Asaresult,theyburnedmorefatduringwalksonanemptystomachthanwhentheyhadeatenfirst.Ontheotherhand,theyburnedslightlymorecalories(卡路里),onaverage,duringtheworkoutafterbreakfastthanafterfasting.Butitwastheeffectsdeepwithinthefatcellsthatmayhavebeenthemostsignificant,theresearchersfound.Multiplegenesbehaveddifferently,dependingonwhethersomeonehadeatenornotbeforewalking.Manyofthesegenesproduceproteins(蛋白質(zhì))thatcanimprovebloodsugarregulationandinsulin(胰島素)levelsthroughoutthebodyandsoareassociatedwithimprovedmetabolichealth.Thesegenesweremuchmoreactivewhenthemenhadfastedbeforeexercisethanwhentheyhadbreakfasted.Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise,itmaybewisetoskipeatingfirst.28.Theunderlinedexpression“stomachit”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans“______”.A.digestthemealeasily B.managewithoutbreakfastC.decidewiselywhattoeat D.eatwhateverisoffered29.Whywerethe10peoplechosenfortheexperiment?A.Theirlifestylesweretypicalofordinarypeople.B.Theirlackofexerciseledtooverweight.C.Theycouldwalkatanaveragespeed.D.Theyhadslowmetabolicrates.30.Whathappenedtothosewhoatebreakfastbeforeexercise?A.Theysuccessfullylostweight. B.Theyconsumedabitmorecalories.C.Theyburnedmorefatonaverage. D.Theydisplayedhigherinsulinlevels.31.Whatcouldbelearnedfromtheresearch?A.Aworkoutafterbreakfastimprovesgeneperformances.B.Toomuchworkoutoftenslowsmetabolicrates.C.Lifestyleisnotasimportantasmorningexercise.D.Physicalexercisebeforebreakfastisbetterforhealth.【答案】28.B29.A30.B31.D【文章大意】本文是說明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，結(jié)果表明對(duì)于那些能忍受的人來說，不吃早餐鍛煉可能對(duì)健康更有益。28.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下文workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst可知，早餐前鍛煉可能比先吃飯?jiān)馘憻拰?duì)健康更有益，因此推斷這里說的是那些不吃早飯先鍛煉的人，因此推斷劃線詞與B項(xiàng)“不吃早飯能應(yīng)付”意思相近。故選B。29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactivebutotherwisehealthyyoungmen,whoselifestylesarefarbetterandworse,representativeofthoseofmostofus.可知，他們首先找到了10個(gè)超重的，不活躍但健康的年輕人，他們的生活方式可以說更好，也可以說更糟，代表了我們大多數(shù)人。因此可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)選擇的10個(gè)人的生活方式代表了普通人。故選A。30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段的Asaresult,theyburnedmorefatduringwalksonanemptystomachthanwhentheyhadeatenfirst.Ontheotherhand.theyburnedslightlymorecalories(卡路里),onaverage,duringtheworkoutafterbreakfastthanafterfasting.可知，結(jié)果，他們空腹散步時(shí)燃燒的脂肪比他們首先吃東西時(shí)所燃燒的脂肪要多。另一方面。平均而言，他們?cè)谠绮秃箦憻挄r(shí)燃燒的卡路里略多于禁食后。因此可知，鍛煉前吃早飯消耗更多一點(diǎn)的熱量。故選B。31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise,itmaybewisetoskipeatingfirst.可知，這些結(jié)果的暗示，為了從運(yùn)動(dòng)中獲得最大的健康益處，先不吃東西可能更明智。因此推斷早飯前的體育鍛煉對(duì)健康更有益。故選D。D（2023，新高考II卷）Ascitiesballoonwithgrowth,accesstonatureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbeinghardertofind.Ifyou’relucky,theremightbeapocketparknearwhereyoulive,butit’sunusualtofindplacesinacitythatarerelativelywild.Pastresearchhasfoundhealthandwellnessbenefitsofnatureforhumans,butanewstudyshowsthatwildnessinurbanareasisextremelyimportantforhumanwellbeing.Theresearchteamfocusedonalargeurbanpark.Theysurveyedseveralhundredparkgoers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.Theresearchersthenexaminedthesesubmissions,coding(編碼)experiencesintodifferentcategories.Forexample,oneparticipant’sexperienceof“Wesatandlistenedtothewavesatthebeachforawhile”wasassignedthecategories“sittingatbeach”and“l(fā)isteningtowaves.”Acrossthe320submissions,apatternofcategoriestheresearcherscalla“naturelanguage”begantoemerge.Afterthecodingofallsubmissions,halfadozencategorieswerenotedmostoftenasimportanttovisitors.Theseincludeencounteringwildlife,walkingalongtheedgeofwater,andfollowinganestablishedtrail.Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage,whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem.Forexample,theexperienceofwalkingalongtheedgeofwatermightbesatisfyingforayoungprofessionalonaweekendhikeinthepark.Backdowntownduringaworkday,theycanenjoyamoredomesticformofthisinteractionbywalkingalongafountainontheirlunchbreak.“We’retryingtogeneratealanguagethathelpsbringthehumannatureinteractionsbackintoourdailylives.Andforthattohappen,wealsoneedtoprotectnaturesothatwecaninteractwithit,”saidPeterKahn,aseniorauthorofthestudy.32.Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribeatthebeginningofthetext?A.Pocketparksarenowpopular. B.Wildnatureishardtofindincities.C.Manycitiesareoverpopulated. D.Peopleenjoylivingclosetonature.33.Whydidtheresearcherscodeparticipantsubmissionsintocategories?A.Toparedifferenttypesofparkgoers. B.Toexplainwhytheparkattractstourists.C.Toanalyzethemainfeaturesofthepark. D.Tofindpatternsinthevisitors’summaries.34.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexamplegiveninparagraph5?A.Walkingisthebestwaytogainaccesstonature.B.Youngpeoplearetoobusytointeractwithnature.C.Thesamenatureexperiencetakesdifferentforms.D.Thenaturelanguageenhancesworkperformance.35.WhatshouldbedonebeforewecaninteractwithnatureaccordingtoKahn?A.Languagestudy. B.Environmentalconservation.C.Publiceducation. D.Interculturalmunication.【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。城市化讓人們?cè)絹碓诫y以接觸到自然，但一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)城市中的野生自然對(duì)人類健康和幸福感具有重要影響。研究團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)一座大型城市公園的游客進(jìn)行調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)與野生自然的互動(dòng)可以創(chuàng)造出一種可用的語言，幫助人們認(rèn)識(shí)和參與最令人滿意和有意義的活動(dòng)。該研究呼吁保護(hù)城市中的野生自然?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容“Ascitiesballoonwithgrowth,accesstonatureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbeinghardertofind.Ifyou’relucky,theremightbeapocketparknearwhereyoulive,butit’sunusualtofindplacesinacitythatarerelativelywild.(隨著城市的飛速發(fā)展，生活在城市地區(qū)的人們?cè)絹碓诫y以接近大自然。如果你幸運(yùn)的話，你住的地方附近可能會(huì)有一個(gè)袖珍公園，但在城市里找到相對(duì)天然的地方是罕見的)”可知，文章開頭作者講述了一種現(xiàn)象，在城市里，人們很難找到野生的自然。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Theysurveyedseveralhundredparkgoers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.Theresearchersthenexaminedthesesubmissions,coding(編碼)experiencesintodifferentcategories.(他們調(diào)查了數(shù)百名公園游客，要求他們?cè)诰W(wǎng)上提交一份書面總結(jié)，描述他們?cè)诠珗@里與大自然有意義的互動(dòng)。然后，研究人員檢查了這些提交的信息，將體驗(yàn)分為不同的類別)”可知，研究人員按照公園游客提交的在公園里與大自然互動(dòng)的活動(dòng)把游客分類，再根據(jù)第四段“Acrossthe320submissions,apatternofcategoriestheresearcherscalla“naturelanguage”begantoemerge.Afterthecodingofallsubmissions,halfadozencategorieswerenotedmostoftenasimportanttovisitors.(在這320份提交的作品中，一種被研究人員稱為“自然語言”的分類模式開始出現(xiàn)。在對(duì)所有提交的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行編碼后，有六個(gè)類別被認(rèn)為對(duì)游客最重要)”可推斷，給游客分類是為了區(qū)分不同的游客類別。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容“Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage,whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem.Forexample,theexperienceofwalkingalongtheedgeofwatermightbesatisfyingforayoungprofessionalonaweekendhikeinthepark.Backdowntownduringaworkday,theycanenjoyamoredomesticformofthisinteractionbywalkingalongafountainontheirlunchbreak.(命名每一種自然體驗(yàn)創(chuàng)造了一種可用的語言，這有助于人們認(rèn)識(shí)并參與到對(duì)他們來說最滿意和最有意義的活動(dòng)中。例如，沿著水邊散步的經(jīng)歷可能會(huì)讓一個(gè)年輕的專業(yè)人士在周末去公園徒步旅行時(shí)感到滿意。在工作日回到市中心，他們可以在午休時(shí)沿著噴泉散步，享受一種更居家的互動(dòng)方式)”可知，本段講述了自然體驗(yàn)創(chuàng)造一種可用的語言，有助于人們識(shí)別并參與對(duì)自己來說最滿意最有意義的活動(dòng)，接下來以一個(gè)年輕的專業(yè)人士參與自然的方式舉例說明，去公園時(shí)沿著水邊散步讓他感到滿意，回到市中心工作時(shí)他可以通過沿著噴泉散步獲得滿足。因此推知，從第五段的例子中我們可以知道一樣的自然體驗(yàn)可以呈現(xiàn)不同的形式。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““We’retryingtogeneratealanguagethathelpsbringthehumannatureinteractionsbackintoourdailylives.Andforthattohappen,wealsoneedtoprotectnaturesothatwecaninteractwithit,”saidPeterKahn,aseniorauthorofthestudy.(“我們正試圖創(chuàng)造一種語言，幫助將人類與自然的互動(dòng)帶回我們的日常生活中。要做到這一點(diǎn)，我們還需要保護(hù)自然，這樣我們才能與它互動(dòng)，”該研究的資深作者彼得·卡恩說。)”可推斷，彼得·卡恩認(rèn)為在我們與大自然互動(dòng)之前我們應(yīng)該先要保護(hù)自然。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（2022，浙江卷6月）IhaveadrawerfullofletterstoSanta.EachyearmychildrenwouldwriteuptheirChristmaswishlists.Theywerepoliterequestsforthelatestgameortoy.Asthechildrengotolder,theywouldgiveSantasomehints(提示)onwheretobuytheirpresents.____11____Thoseletterstaughtmychildrenavaluablelessonaboutwriting:Ithasapurpose.Sometimesourpurposeistoachievesomething;othertimesitmaybetoentertain,inform,orpersuade.____12____Andwhenwritingdoesn’tseemtohaveanypurposeorgetanykindofmeaningfulresponse,thenitcanbehardtogetexcitedaboutdoingit.Christmasisagreattimeofyearforchildrentomunicatewithothersthroughwriting.Whenchildrenwriteforrealaudiencesandrealpurposes,theycanlearntochoosetheirwordsaccordingly.____13____Youwrite“DearSanta”becauseyoudon’tknowhimpersonallyandyouwanttoshowhimrespect.____14____Texting,onlinemessaging,livechatswhileplayingvideogamesallmeanthattheyareconstantlyproducingwrittenmessages.However,becausetheyareusuallywritingtofamilyandfriends,theyuseinformallanguagemostofthetime.Thereisnothingwrongwiththiskindofwriting.Itsuitstheaudienceandthepurposeandgetsthejobdone.____15____Thistypeofwritingwon’tberewardedbytheschoolexaminer,norbyafutureemployerorapotentialclient.Theverybestmunicatorsarethosewhoknowhowtoadjusttheirlanguagetomatchtheiraudience.A.Itisn’tthattheseyoungpeoplecan’twrite.B.Butitisalwayspurposefuloratleastitshouldbe.C.Theageofpenandpaperletterwritingmayhavepassed.D.Asaresult,eachyeartheyreceivedsomethingtheywanted.E.Youwrite“HiNannaandPop”becauseyouareclosetothem.F.Astechnologydevelops,youngpeoplearewritingmorethantheyeverhave.G.Butifthisistheonlykindofwritingyoungpeopledo,itwillcauseproblems.【答案】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。作者通過講述孩子們通過給圣誕老人寫信暗示得到自己心儀的禮物，從而論證觀點(diǎn)：人們寫作都是帶有某種目的的。36.D根據(jù)空前“Asthechildrengotolder,theywouldgiveSantasomehints(提示)onwheretobuytheirpresents.(隨著孩子們逐漸長大，他們會(huì)給圣誕老人一些提示，告訴他去哪里買禮物。)”可知，孩子們給圣誕老人提示去哪買禮物。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，D項(xiàng)“Asaresult,eachyeartheyreceivedsomethingtheywanted.(結(jié)果，他們每年都會(huì)收到他們想要的東西。)”為孩子們提示的結(jié)果：收到心儀的禮物。前后為明顯的因果關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。37.B根據(jù)空前“Sometimesourpurposeistoachievesomething;othertimestmaybetoentertain,inform,orpersuade.(有時(shí)我們的目的是為了獲得東西，有時(shí)可能是為了娛樂、告知或說服。)”可知，我們寫作都是帶著目的的。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)B“Butitisalwayspurposefuloratleastitshouldbe.(但它總是有目的的——或者至少應(yīng)該是這樣。)”可知，前后語意一致，說明寫作是帶有目的的。故選B項(xiàng)。38.E根據(jù)空前“Whenchildrenwriteforrealaudiencesandrealpurposes,theycanlearntochoosetheirwordsaccordingly.(當(dāng)孩子們?yōu)檎嬲淖x者和真正的目的寫作時(shí)，他們就能學(xué)會(huì)相應(yīng)地選擇用詞。)”以及空后“Youwrite“DearSanta”becauseyoudon’tknowhimpersonallyandyouwanttoshowhimrespect.(你寫“親愛的圣誕老人”是因?yàn)槟悴徽J(rèn)識(shí)他，你想表達(dá)對(duì)他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之間是“理論——實(shí)踐”的關(guān)系，由此可推知，空處也應(yīng)為具體的實(shí)踐。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)E“Youwrite“HiNannaandPop”becauseyouareclosetothem.(你寫“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因?yàn)槟愫退麄兒苡H近。)”可知，符合這一邏輯。而且和空后結(jié)構(gòu)一致。故選E項(xiàng)。39.F根據(jù)空后“Texting,onlinemessaging,livechatswhileplayingvideogamesallmeanthattheyareconstantlyproducingwrittenmessages.(在玩電子游戲時(shí)發(fā)短信、在線消息、實(shí)時(shí)聊天都意味著他們?cè)诓粩嗟禺a(chǎn)生書面信息。)”