高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第八輯 Unit 2 Cloning試題

Unit2Cloning單元加餐練Ⅰ.完形填空ItwasmyfirstdayatschoolintheUnitedStates,soIfeltnervousandscared.Iwenttoallmyclasseswithnofriends__1__itfeltlikenoonecaredaboutme.Ilistened__2__toallthelessonsandwaitedforthelunchbreakat__3__.Thenfinallythebellrang.Itwastimetotalkand__4__fun.AtlunchtimeI__5__anewfriendwhoworeahijabonherhead,andthoughIamJewish(猶太人的),wegotalong__6__witheachother,andIwassorelievedwhenshesaid,“__7__withusatourtable.”Shepointedtotheonenexttothedoor.SoI__8__.Itookmyfoodandwasabouttowalkwithher__9__thefloor,whensuddenlyIfelta__10__atmyarm.“Hey,Isawyouonthebus，”saidatallgirlinalongskirt.“IseeyourJewishstarnecklace.You__11__sitwithus.”AtthatmomentIlooked__12__,andthat'swhenInoticed,tomy__13__,thenationsoftheworld__14__themselves.That'swhatIsawthroughmyowneyes.The__15__onlysatwiththeSpanish,theHindus__16__withtheHindus,theRussiansalwayswiththeRussians,andnevertheArabswiththeJews.Isawthereasonwhy__17__getsstarted.Everyonestickstotheirownkind.Thelunchroomwasa__18__oftheworld.Whywaseveryoneso__19__?AndsoIturneddownthisgirl,andwentwiththefirst.IbuiltabridgebetweentwoworldswhenIsatwiththose__20__me.Hopeyouwilldothesame.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者第一天在美國學(xué)校的餐廳里就餐時(shí)發(fā)生的事情。作者發(fā)現(xiàn)在學(xué)校的餐廳里，都是來自同一個國家的人坐在一起就餐。她認(rèn)為這就是人們之間產(chǎn)生隔閡，甚至發(fā)生戰(zhàn)爭的原因。最終她選擇和一群異國學(xué)生坐在一起就餐以期不同種族和國家之間有更多的了解、溝通和交流。1．A.but B．soC．or D．a(chǎn)nd答案：D作者獨(dú)自一人去上所有的課，感覺好像沒有人關(guān)心她。前后為并列、順承關(guān)系，故用and。2．A.attentively B．quietlyC．a(chǎn)nxiously D．differently答案：C根據(jù)語境可知作者盼望著午餐的休息時(shí)間，因此她是“焦急地”聽課。attentively“專心致志地”；quietly“安靜地”；anxiously“焦急地”；differently“不同地”。根據(jù)語境選C項(xiàng)。3．A.one B．threeC．five D．seven答案：A此處指午餐休息時(shí)間，根據(jù)常識判斷選A項(xiàng)。4．A.make B．takeC．bring D．have答案：D此處指午餐時(shí)間可以聊天，可以開心地玩。havefun“玩得高興”，是固定短語。5．A.spied B．metC．caught D．passed答案：B根據(jù)語境可知，作者在午餐的時(shí)候結(jié)識(met)了一個新朋友。6．A.far B．muchC．hard D．well答案：Dgetalongwellwithsb.是固定搭配，意為“和某人相處得很好”。7．A.Come B．SitC．Join D．Talk答案：B根據(jù)下文的“Shepointedtotheonenexttothedoor.”可知，作者的新朋友邀請作者和他們坐在一起就餐。故選B項(xiàng)。8．A.agreed B．offeredC．meant D．suggested答案：A根據(jù)下文的“Itookmyfoodandwasabouttowalkwithher...”可知，作者同意(agreed)了對方的邀請。9．A.through B．a(chǎn)longC．onto D．a(chǎn)cross答案：D此處指走過地板。through“(從空間中)穿過”；along“沿著”；onto“到……之上”；across“(從表面)穿過；從一邊到另一邊”。根據(jù)語境選D項(xiàng)。10．A.press B．pullC．blow D．scratch答案：B作者感覺到有人拉了一下她的胳膊。press“按，壓”；pull“拉”；blow“(風(fēng))吹”；scratch“擦；刮”。根據(jù)語境應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。11．A.can B．mayC．should D．need答案：C作者戴的猶太星項(xiàng)鏈?zhǔn)箤Ψ秸J(rèn)為作者應(yīng)該和他們坐在一起。故選should。12．A.up B．downC．over D．a(chǎn)round答案：D作者此時(shí)環(huán)顧四周(lookedaround)，才發(fā)現(xiàn)都是同一個國家的人坐在一起就餐。故選D項(xiàng)。13．A.disappointment B．surpriseC．terror D．sorrow答案：B根據(jù)語境可知，作者對這一發(fā)現(xiàn)很吃驚。toone'ssurprise是固定搭配，意為“令某人吃驚的是”。14．A.separating B．helpingC．supporting D．organizing答案：A根據(jù)下文可知，在就餐時(shí)不同國家的人都自動分開坐。separate“使分開”。15．A.Americans B．ChineseC．Spanish D．Indians答案：C根據(jù)上下文可知，同一國家的人坐在一起就餐，因此西班牙人應(yīng)該是和西班牙人坐在一起。16．A.only B．seldomC．often D．never答案：A根據(jù)第15空后的only以及第16空后的always可知，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。17．A.war B．lifeC．distance D．friendship答案：A看到此番景象，作者明白了戰(zhàn)爭開始的原因。應(yīng)選war。18．A.bridge B．productC．map D．university答案：C因?yàn)椴煌瑖业娜俗谝黄鹁筒停@個餐廳就像是一個世界地圖。故選C項(xiàng)。19．A.confident B．blindC．shy D．proud答案：B作者奇怪為什么每個人都沒有注意到這一點(diǎn)。blind“視而不見的；盲的”符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。20．A.differentfrom B．concernedaboutC．thankfulfor D．familiarwith答案：A根據(jù)“...Iturneddownthisgirl,andwentwiththefirst.Ibuiltabridgebetweentwoworlds...”可知，作者選擇了和不同國籍的人坐在一起就餐。故選A項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.閱讀理解AWorkingwithagroupofbaboons(狒狒)intheNamibiandesert,DrAleciaCarteroftheDepartmentofZoology,CambridgeUniversitysetbaboonslearningtasksinvolvinganovelfoodandafamiliarfoodhiddeninabox.Somebaboonsweregiventhechancetowatchanotherbaboonwhoalreadyknewhowtosolvethetask,whileothershadtolearnforthemselves.Toworkouthowbraveoranxiousthebaboonswere,DrCarterpresentedthemeitherwithanovelfoodorathreatintheformofamodelofapoisonoussnake.Shefoundthatpersonalityhadamajorimpactonlearning.Thebraverbaboonslearnt,buttheshyonesdidnotlearnthetaskalthoughtheywatchedthebaboonperformthetaskoffindingthenovelfoodjustaslongasthebraveonesdid.Ineffect,despitebeingmadeawareofwhattodo,theywerestilltooshytodowhattheexperiencedbaboondid.Thesameheldtrueforanxiousbaboonscomparedwithcalmones.Theanxiousindividualslearntthetaskbyobservingotherswhilethosewhowererelaxeddidnot,eventhoughtheyspentmoretimewatching.Thismismatchbetweencollectingsocialinformationandusingitshowsthatpersonalityplaysakeyroleinsociallearninginanimals,somethingthathaspreviouslybeenignoredinstudiesonhowanimalslearntodothings.Thefindingsaresignificantbecausetheysuggestthatanimalsmayperformpoorlyincognitive(認(rèn)知的)tasksnotbecausetheyaren'tcleverenoughtosolvethem,butbecausetheyaretooshyornervoustousethesocialinformation.Thefindingsmayimpacthowweunderstandtheformationofcultureinsocietiesthroughsociallearning.Ifsomeindividualsareunabletogetinformationfromothersbecausetheydon'tassociatewiththeknowledgeableindividuals,ortheyaretooshytousetheinformationoncetheyhaveit,informationmaynottravelbetweenallgroupmembers,preventingtheformationofaculturebasedonsociallearning.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究表明，動物的個性對于學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)果會產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。這項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)也會對人們對于文化形成的理解產(chǎn)生影響。1．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThesignificanceofDrCarter'sresearch.B．ThepurposeofDrCarter'sresearch.C．ThedesignofDrCarter'sresearch.D．TheresultsofDrCarter'sresearch.答案：C段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“...setbaboonslearningtasksinvolving...Somebaboonsweregiventhechancetowatchanotherbaboon...whileothershadtolearnforthemselves.Toworkout...DrCarterpresentedthemeitherwithanovelfoodor...”可以推斷，本段主要講了卡特博士是如何設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)來研究狒狒的。故選C項(xiàng)。2．Accordingtotheresearch,whichbaboonsaremorelikelytocompleteanewlearningtask?A．Thosethatfeelanxiousaboutlearning.B．Thosethatliketoworkindependently.C．Thosethatcanavoidpotentialrisks.D．Thosethathavemoreexperience.答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二句“Theanxiousindividualslearntthetaskbyobservingotherswhilethosewhowererelaxeddidnot...”可知，那些對學(xué)習(xí)感到焦慮和急切的狒狒更有可能完成一項(xiàng)新的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)，故選A項(xiàng)。3．Whichbestillustratesthe“mismatch”mentionedinParagraph4?A．Somebaboonsperformnewtasksbutdon'tconcentrate.B．Somebaboonsobserveothersbutdon'tfollowthem.C．Somebaboonsareshybutactiveinsocialactivities.D．Somebaboonsareintelligentbutslowinlearning.答案：B推理判斷題。“Thismismatchbetweencollectingsocialinformationandusingit”意為“收集社會信息和使用它之間的不協(xié)調(diào)”，收集社會信息指的是狒狒觀察其他同類所做的事，使用那些信息即仿效同類做同樣的事，由此可知B項(xiàng)能解釋mismatch。4．DrCarter'sfindingsindicatethatourculturemightbeformedthrough________.A．travelingbetweensocialgroupsB．understandingdifferentpeopleC．learningfromeachotherD．storinginformation答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段第二句“Ifsomeindividualsareunabletogetinformationfromothersbecausetheydon'tassociatewith...”從反面證明，文化可能是人們通過互相學(xué)習(xí)而形成的。BCloningisabiologicaltermthatreferstotheprocessofproducinggeneticallyidenticalorganismssuchasbacteria,insectsandplantsthatreproduceasexually(無性的).Lifeonplanetsurvivesandthrivesduetoadaptablecloningthatoccursoverthecourseoftime.Plantscanbeclonedusingvariousmedia,butthisarticlespeaksspecificallyaboutwaterasamediumforcloning.UsingWaterforCloningGrowingplantsinwaterisaveryoldpractice;theChinesehavebeendoingitforlong.Justbearinmindafewofthefollowingstepsandtips,andyoucangrowyourownplantclone.Asoldasitmaysound,takecuttingsfromahealthierplant,anduseasharpknifetocutit.Healthierthemotherplant,andsharperthecut,betterwillbethesuccessrate.Cutthestemsatanangleof45°，around1/4inchbelowtheleafnodes.Alwayshaveaminimum5-6cuttings.Topreparetherootingsolution,takeawaterholderorcontainer,andpourwaterinit.Three-fourthofthejarshouldbefilled.Standthecuttingsindividuallyindifferentjars,andcoverthemwithtransparentplasticsheetswhilecloning.Theplasticcoveringwillensurehighhumiditylevels,andthis,combinedwiththerootingwater,willspeedtherootingprocess.Makesurethewaterstaysclean.Changewaterafter2-3days.Therootswillappearinaweek'stime.Onceyouseethem,removethesheetandplacetheminalocationwheretheycanreceivepartialnaturallight.Movetherootedcuttingtoasoilmediumoncetheyhaveenoughhealthyroots.Cloningofplantsinwaterorthroughothermediumscanensureexistenceofspecies,especiallythosewhichareendangered.Therearemanyplantsthathaveoneinhundredchancesofbreedingnaturally,orcan'tproduceseeds,socloningsuchplantsthroughadvancetechnologieswillensuretherecontinuedexistence.Cloningplantsandtreeshashelpedinbetterharvest,andincreasedtheplantresistancetoharmfulvirusesanddiseases.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文為說明文。全文介紹了利用水作為媒介克隆植物的過程及應(yīng)用前景。5．AccordingtoParagraph1,________.A．cloningcanonlybeusedinallanimalsandplantsB．manymediumcanbeusedtocloneplantsC．a(chǎn)llthelivingscanclonethemselvesD．wateristhebestmediumtoclone答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句中的“Plantscanbeclonedusingvariousmedia”可知，可用多種媒介來克隆植物。故B項(xiàng)正確。6．Whyshouldtransparentplasticsheetsbeusedtocoverjars?A．Torecognizedifferentjars.B．Torecognizedifferentcuttings.C．Tofastentherootingprocess.D．Tomakethewaterinjarsclean.答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第二句“Theplasticcoveringwillensurehighhumiditylevels...willspeedtherootingprocess.”可知，此舉的目的是加快植物生根的速度。故C項(xiàng)正確。7．Itcanbeinferredthatcloningplantsinwater________.A．isseldomusedintoday'sagricultureB．canmakeplantsnotcatchdiseasesC．canincreasefarmers'incomeD．sometimesmakesspeciesendangered答案：C推理判斷題。文章最后一句提到了水中克隆植物可以使植物更加抗病、高產(chǎn)，因此可推斷這樣可以增加農(nóng)民的收入。故C項(xiàng)正確。8．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．Waystocloneplants.B．Cloningplantsinwater.C．Howtocloneanimalsandplants.D．Aspecialwaytogrowplants.答案：B主旨大意題。由文章大意及第一段最后一句(文章主旨句)可知，本文主要是講在水中克隆植物的方法和應(yīng)用價(jià)值，故B項(xiàng)是最佳選項(xiàng)。Ⅲ.短文改錯Notonlyourparentsgiveuslife,buttheyalsogiveusendlessloveandsupport,alwayssharingourhappinesswithsorrow.I'mverygratefulformyparents.Theygivemesomuchloveandsparenoeffortstosupportme.IstillrememberedonceIwasseriouslyill.Theyweresoworriedandalmostkeptmycompanythewholenight.NowI'minSenior3.Luckyforme,myparentscanunderstandmystressedconditionandoftencommunicatewithmewithencouragingwords.However,theygivemeenoughpersonalspace,thatIappreciatesomuch.WhatIshoulddonowisstudyhard.WhenIgrowup,I'lltrymybesttomakemyparentstoliveahappylife.答案：Notonlyeq\o(∧,\s\do14(①do))ourparentsgiveuslife,buttheyalsogiveusendlessloveandsupport,alwayssharingourhappinesseq\o(with,\s\do14(②and))sorrow.I'mverygratefuleq\o(for,\s\do14(③to))myparents.Theygivemesomuchloveandsparenoeffortstosupportme.Istilleq\o(remembered,\s\do14(④remember))onceIwasseriouslyill.Theyweresoworriedandalmostkepteq\o(my,\s\do14(⑤me))companythewholenight.NowI'minSenior3.eq\o(Lucky,\s\do14(⑥Luckily))forme,myparentscanunderstandmyeq\o(s