2024屆陜西省商洛市高三上學(xué)期尖子生學(xué)情診斷考試英語試題

商洛市2024屆高三尖子生學(xué)情診斷考試英語試卷考生注意：1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。4.本卷命題范圍：高考范圍。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthemanmanagetodo?A.Passadrivingtest.B.Savesomemoney.C.Sellhisoldcar.2.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Excited.B.Tired.C.Bored.3.What’stheweatherprobablyliketoday?A.Sunny.B.Snowy.C.Rainy.4.Whattimewillthedinnerbe?A.At5:00pm.B.At8:00pm.C.At9:00pm.5.Whatpositiondoesthemanapplyfor?A.Areceptionist.B.Anaccountant.C.Asalesperson.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Hostingascienceprogram.B.Performinganexperiment.C.Conductingasurvey.更多優(yōu)質(zhì)資源可進(jìn)入/7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Teacherandstudent.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhogaveLucythebike?A.Hersister.B.Hermother.C.Herbrother.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisbrother?A.Heisverytalkative.B.Heisnotgenerous.C.Henevertellsalie.10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirhobbies.B.Theirfriends.C.Theirbicycles.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Howoldarethepaintings?A.About500yearsold.B.About1,000yearsold.C.About17,000yearsold.12.Whoistheman?A.Aprofessor.B.Atourguide.C.Apainter.13.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inacave.B.Inahotel.C.Inacollege.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatdoesthewomanwantStuarttodo?A.Correcthismistakes.B.Offersomesuggestions.C.Waitforrescueworkers.15.Whyisthewomanconcernedabouthertravel?A.Shemaylosetheway.B.Shemayfeelhomesick.C.Shemaymisstheflight.16.WhoshouldthewomanturntofordirectionsaccordingtoStuart?A.Children.B.Tourists.C.Deliverymen.17.WhatdoweknowaboutStuart?A.Heisanexperiencedtraveler.B.Heisakindpoliceman.C.Heisacreativestudent.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whydidthespeakermaketheappointment?ATovisithisnewneighbour.B.Tohavehishouseexamined.C.Toorganizeafamilyouting.19.WhatdidthespeakerfailtodolastMonday?A.Calltheexaminerinadvance.B.Chargethemanforhisservice.C.Makethepaperworkready.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestinthetalk?A.Stayingenergeticatalltimes.B.Alwaysbeingprepared.C.Neverfearingfailure.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ANoteworthyThemeParksPeppaPigThemePark,theUSTheworld’sfirstPeppaPigThemeParkopenedinFebruary2022inFlorida.DevotedtotheclassicBritishanimatedTVshow,theparkwelcomesguestswithwell-designedactivities.TheDaddyPigridetakesfamiliesonawindyroadintheshow’sredcar.Theycanalsoenjoyadinosaurride,andplaygamesattheFairground.Ticketsfrom$34.ColumbiaPicturesAquaverse,ThailandThailand’sColumbiaPicturesAquaverseopenedinOctober2022.Themovie-themedwaterparkfeaturesridesandexperiencesinspiredbypopularfilmslikeZombieland.Inadditiontotherides,theparkhostsperformancesatitsMegaWavePool,whereguestscanhangoutinthepoolwhileenjoyingmoviescreeningsandpopconcerts.Ticketsfrom$41.KatmanduPark,DominicanRepublicOpenedinMarch2023,theparkisfullofmystery(奧秘).The4Ddarkrideisbroughttolifebylightingandprojectioneffects.AnotherkeyattractionisEtherQuest,aninteractivewalk-throughexperience.Asidefromtherides,guestscanalsocheckoutasky-highropescourse,andclimbingwallsforyoungeradventurers.Ticketsfrom$120foradults:$85forchildrenforaone-usepass.LegolandKoreaResort,SouthKoreaOpenedinMay2022,theparkisdesignedfor2-to12-year-olds.ThisplayfulwonderlandisdevotedtoallthingsofLego,withmorethan40ridesandattractionsacrossseventhematiczones.Guestscangetonfamily-friendlyrides,visitLegolandLookoutforgreatparkviews,andgethands-onexperiencewithcreativeworkshops.Ticketsfrom$38foradults;$30forchildren.1.Whichofthefourthemeparksstartedtheearliest?A.KatmanduPark. B.PeppaPigThemePark.C.LegolandKoreaResort. D.ColumbiaPicturesAquaverse.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoatColumbiaPicturesAquaverse?A.GototheFairground. B.Trythe4Ddarkride.C.Attendapopconcert. D.Experienceaworkshop.3.HowmuchshouldacouplewithachildpayatleasttovisitLegolandKoreaResort?A.$106. B.$123. C.$205. D.$240.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章簡要介紹了世界各地的幾個(gè)值得一游的主題公園?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PeppaPigThemePark,theUS部分的“Theworld’sfirstPeppaPigThemeParkopenedinFebruary2022inFlorida.(世界上第一個(gè)小豬佩奇主題公園于2022年2月在佛羅里達(dá)州開放。)”、ColumbiaPicturesAquaverse,Thailand部分的“Thailand’sColumbiaPicturesAquaverseopenedinOctober2022.(泰國哥倫比亞影業(yè)水世界于2022年10月開業(yè)。)”、KatmanduPark,DominicanRepublic部分的“OpenedinMarch2023(開放于2023年3月)”和LegolandKoreaResort,SouthKorea部分的“OpenedinMay2022(開放于2022年5月)”可知，開放最早的是小豬佩奇主題公園。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ColumbiaPicturesAquaverse,Thailand部分的“guestscanhangoutinthepoolwhileenjoyingmoviescreeningsandpopconcerts(客人可以在游泳池里閑逛，同時(shí)欣賞電影放映和流行音樂會(huì))”可知，在泰國哥倫比亞影業(yè)水世界里，游客可以參加一場(chǎng)流行音樂會(huì)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LegolandKoreaResort,SouthKorea部分的“Ticketsfrom$38foradults;$30forchildren.(成人票38美元起，兒童票30美元。)”可知，一對(duì)夫婦帶一個(gè)孩子前往韓國樂高樂園游玩，購買門票至少需支付106（=38+38+30）美元，故選A項(xiàng)。BOnearlySundaymorning,awalrus,namedFreya,wasputtodeathbytheNorwegiangovernmentafterthepublicfailedtofollowrecommendationstokeepasafedistanceawayfromthehugeseaanimal.“Wehavesympathiesforthefactthatthedecisioncancausereactionswiththepublic,butthisdecisionwasbasedoncarefulassessments,”saidNadiaJdaini,aspokespersonfortheNorwegiangovernment.“Humanlifeandsafetymustbeourpriority.”TheyoungfemalewalrushadbeenspendingtimeattheOsloseaportthissummerandhadattractedglobalattention.Thewalruswasseeminglyunafraidofhumansunlikemostwalruses.Severalpopularvideosshowedthatithadevenclimbedontosmallboatstosunbathe.Inthepastweek,theauthoritieswarnedthepublictostayawayfromFreya,sayingthattheyhadobservedvisitorsswimmingwithit,throwingobjectsatit,andgettingdangerouslyclosetoittotakephotos.Previously,thegovernmentsaidthatitwasconsideringmultiplesolutions,includingtransportingFreyaoutoftheseaport.Butthecomplexityofsuchanoperationmadeitconcludethatthiswasnotapracticaloption.Usually,walrusesjuststayontheouteredgesofNorway’scoast.Thelasttimeawalruswasdocumentedsoclosetotheseaportwas2013.“Normally,walruseswillshowuponsomeislands,buttheywillleavequitesoon,becausethey’reafraidofpeople,”addedNadiaJdaini.“ButFreyawasnotafraidofpeople.Actually,itlikedpeople.”InaFacebookpostafterFreya’sdeathwasannounced,RuneAae,whoteachesbiologyattheUniversityofSouth-EasternNorway,condemnedthegovernment’sdecision.“AllpreviousexperiencehasshownthatFreyawouldhavesoonerorlatergottenoutoftheseaport,”hewrote.“Whatashametomakethedecisioninsuchahurry.”4.WhichofthefollowingdirectlyledtothedeathofFreya?A.Freyaoftentriedtoattacktheboaters.B.Thepublicignoredtheofficialwarning.C.Freyaenjoyedsunbathingonsmallboats.D.Thewalruskeptbeggingfoodfromvisitors.5.Whatisthefifthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Walruses’livinghabits. B.Thepublic’sangryreactions.C.Thewalrus’dangerousbehavior. D.Failedeffortstosavethewalrus.6.Whatcanweknowaboutwalruses?A.Theyaresmallinsize. B.Theylivenearseaports.C.Theyareshyanimals. D.Theyarefriendlytohumans.7.WhatdidRuneAaethinkofthegovernment’saction?A.Itwasunnecessary. B.Itwaspractical.C.Itwasunderstandable. D.Itwasveryhumane.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了因?yàn)楣姏]有按照建議與這種巨大的海洋動(dòng)物保持安全距離，周日清晨，挪威政府將一頭名叫Freya的海象處死?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“OnearlySundaymorning,awalrus,namedFreya,wasputtodeathbytheNorwegiangovernmentafterthepublicfailedtofollowrecommendationstokeepasafedistanceawayfromthehugeseaanimal.(周日清晨，挪威政府將一頭名叫Freya的海象處死，原因是公眾沒有按照建議與這種巨大的海洋動(dòng)物保持安全距離。)”可知，公眾無視官方的警告導(dǎo)致了Freya的死亡。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Previously,thegovernmentsaidthatitwasconsideringmultiplesolutions,includingtransportingFreyaoutoftheseaport.Butthecomplexityofsuchanoperationmadeitconcludethatthiswasnotapracticaloption.(此前，政府表示正在考慮多種解決方案，包括將Freya運(yùn)出海港。但這種操作的復(fù)雜性使它得出結(jié)論——這不是一個(gè)切實(shí)可行的選擇。)”可知，本段主要講的是拯救海象的努力失敗。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Normally,walruseswillshowuponsomeislands,buttheywillleavequitesoon,becausethey’reafraidofpeople.(通常情況下，海象會(huì)出現(xiàn)在一些島嶼上，但它們很快就會(huì)離開，因?yàn)樗鼈兒ε氯祟悺?”可知，海象是膽小怕人的動(dòng)物。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中RuneAae所發(fā)表的“AllpreviousexperiencehasshownthatFreyawouldhavesoonerorlatergottenoutoftheseaport.(以前所有的經(jīng)驗(yàn)都表明，F(xiàn)reya遲早會(huì)離開海港。)”以及“Whatashametomakethedecisioninsuchahurry.(這么匆忙地做決定，真可惜。)”可知，RuneAae認(rèn)為政府的行動(dòng)沒有必要。故選A項(xiàng)。CIn1954,computerscientistsfromGeorgetownUniversityandIBMinventedamachinethatcouldtranslatesentencesfromRussianintoEnglish.ThemachinetranslatorbecameknownasGeorgetown-IBMexperimentanditwasthefirstelectronictranslatorintheworld.Thescientistsbelievedthatauniversaltranslatorwasjustaroundthecorner.LeonDostert,wholedtheexperiment,evensuggestedthatpeoplemightbeabletouseelectronictranslatorstobridgeseverallanguageswithinfiveyears,orevenless.However,theprocessprovedfarslowerandmorethan60yearslater,atrueuniversaltranslatorisstillthestuffofsciencefiction.Thenhowfararewefrominventingarealone?Experts’opinionsvary.“We’reveryclosetoturningsciencefictionintoareality,”saysVikramDendi,thetechnicaladvisertoMicrosoft.“Microsofthasproducedappsthatcantranslatevoicetovoiceandvoicetotextinadditiontothefamiliartexttotextindifferentlanguages.”Microsoft,ofcourse,isfarfromalone.Google,inadditiontoitsfamiliartexttranslations,hasjustintroducedafeatureinitsTranslateappthatusesthephonecameratoscananimageofforeigntextanddisplaythetranslation.“Alltheseappsarebasedontheso-calledneuralnetworkswhichcanlearnsimilarlytothewayhumanslearn,”addsVikramDendi.However,earlyon,scientistshadtoteachcomputerstotranslatebytypingineveryruleforeverylanguagepairtheywantedthemtotranslate.Inthefaceofthelargenumberofrulesandexceptionsineverylanguagepair,theapproachquicklybecameimpractical.Inthe1980s,scientistsbeganmovingtowardastatistical-basedmodel.Neuralnetworks,whichbecameapopulartoolformachinetranslationresearchersinthe21stcentury,greatlyimprovedthequalityoftranslations.“Butneuralnetworksstillfacesomelimits,”saysYoshuaBengio,acomputerscienceprofessorattheUniversityofMontreal.“Oneofthemistheamountofdatarequired.Childrenneedfarlesstolearnthebasicsofalanguagethanthesemachinesdo.Butthemoreyouusethesemachinetranslators,thebettertheybecome.”8.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefirstelectronictranslator?A.Itisabletotranslatebetweenseverallanguages.B.Itisoneofthebestuniversaltranslatorsintheworld.C.Ithasbecomethefirstcomputereverinventedintheworld.DItcanonlytranslatesimplesentencesfromRussianintoEnglish.9.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosayinparagraph2?A.LeonDostert’spredictioniswrong.B.Scientistsareusuallytooconservative.C.Itisveryeasytotrainauniversaltranslator.D.Itisunrealistictoinventanelectronictranslator.10.Accordingtothetext,Microsoft’sappsarestillunabletotranslatefrom________.A.texttotext B.picturetotext C.voicetotext D.voicetovoice11.Whatmightbealimitoftheneural-network-basedmachinetranslators?A.Theirstatistical-basedmodelsarenotaccurate.B.Theirabilitytolearnontheirownisverylimited.C.Theyneedtoomuchdatatolearnthebasicsofalanguage.D.Theystillhavetorelyonstep-by-steprulessetbyprogrammers.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了電子翻譯器的發(fā)明、發(fā)展以及挑戰(zhàn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“In1954,computerscientistsfromGeorgetownUniversityandIBMinventedamachinethatcouldtranslatesentencesfromRussianintoEnglish.(1954年，喬治城大學(xué)和IBM的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家發(fā)明了一臺(tái)可以將俄語句子翻譯成英語的機(jī)器。)”可知，第一臺(tái)電子翻譯器只能把簡單的句子從俄語翻譯成英語。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“LeonDostert,wholedtheexperiment,evensuggestedthatpeoplemightbeabletouseelectronictranslatorstobridgeseverallanguageswithinfiveyears,orevenless.However,theprocessprovedfarslowerandmorethan60yearslater,atrueuniversaltranslatorisstillthestuffofsciencefiction.(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)的LeonDostert甚至認(rèn)為，人們可能會(huì)在5年或更短的時(shí)間內(nèi)使用電子翻譯器來連接幾種語言。然而，這個(gè)過程被證明要慢得多，60多年后，一個(gè)真正的通用翻譯器仍然是科幻小說的素材。)”可知，本段說明LeonDostert的預(yù)測(cè)是錯(cuò)誤的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Microsofthasproducedappsthatcantranslatevoicetovoiceandvoicetotextinadditiontothefamiliartexttotextindifferentlanguages.(除了熟悉的文本到不同語言的文本之外，微軟還開發(fā)了可以翻譯語音到語音、語音到文本的應(yīng)用程序。)”可知，微軟的應(yīng)用程序仍然無法從圖片到文本的翻譯。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Oneofthemistheamountofdatarequired.Childrenneedfarlesstolearnthebasicsofalanguagethanthesemachinesdo.(其中之一是所需的數(shù)據(jù)量。與這些機(jī)器相比，孩子們學(xué)習(xí)一門語言的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)需要的東西要少得多。)”可知，基于神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的機(jī)器翻譯器需要太多的資料來學(xué)習(xí)一門語言的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)。DInthedaysbeforetheInternet,criticalthinkingisthemostimportantskillthatwecouldhave.Tothinkcritically,weneedtoreadcarefully,considerthecredibility(可信度)ofsources,andreasonoutconclusionsonourown.Butinthedigitalage,accordingtoAnastasiaKozyreva,apsychologistattheMaxPlanckInstituteofHumanDevelopment,amoreimportantskillis“criticalignoring”.“Withsomuchinformation,weneedtofirstsortthewheatfromthechaff,decidingwhat’sworthourattentionandtime,andwhat’snot.Now,weliveinan‘a(chǎn)ttentioneconomy’inwhichwearenolongerconsumers.Rather,we’retheproductswhoseattentionisbeingsoldontheadvertisingmarketplace.Thatmeanseachlinkweclickonisasaleofourtimeandattention,oftenwithlittleornobenefittoourselves.Toprotectourselves,weneedtodevelopnewwaysofinteractingwithinformation,”shesaid.Kozyrevaadvocateslearningtheskillofcriticalignoring,inwhichreadersintentionallycontroltheirinformationenvironmenttoreducetheirexposuretofalseandtrashinformation.Bydevelopingourcriticalignoringskills,shethinkswecanenjoythebenefitsoftheInternetwhileavoidingfallingvictimtothosewhotrytocontrolourattention,ourtime,andourminds.Herearethreeofthestrategiesrecommendedbyhertoavoidthetrapsofattentioneconomy.Thefirststrategyisself-control.Ofcourse,weneedtostayinformedofworldeventsandbeintouchwithothers,sowecan’tjustignoretheInternetaltogether.Whenwedogointosocialmedia,Kozyrevarecommendssettingtimelimits.Limitingourselvesinthiswaypreventsusfromlosingtrackoftimeasweclickononeattractivelinkafteranother.Thenextstrategyisin-depthreading.Forexample,headlinesareoftendesignedtoattractattention,notprovideinformation.Thecontentsofthearticlesmaybecompletelycontrarytowhattheheadlinesshow.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“sortthewheatfromthechaff”inparagraph2mean?A.Decidewhichproduceismoreuseful. B.Balancepotentialharmswithbenefits.C.Selectthevaluablefromthevalueless. D.Thinkabouthowtodividetheprofits.13.Whatdoescriticalignoringhelpusdo?A.Readeveryattractivelinkcarefully. B.Reasonoutconclusionsonourown.C.AvoidusingtheInternetaltogether. D.Stayawayfromlow-qualityinformation.14.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.Anotherrecommendedstrategy. B.Theimportanceofself-control.C.Thetrapsofattentioneconomy. D.Thevalueofourtimeandattention.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tocomparetwoimportantconcepts. B.Tointroduceausefulideatoreaders.C.Toshowthelimitsofcriticalthinking. D.Toprovecriticalignoringislessimportant.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)重要的技能“批判性忽視”，在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代幫助我們有意識(shí)地控制自己的信息環(huán)境，以減少接觸到虛假和垃圾信息?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。劃線詞語后文“decidingwhat’sworthourattentionandtime,andwhat’snot(決定什么值得我們關(guān)注和花費(fèi)時(shí)間，什么不值得)”說明我們要找出那些有價(jià)值的，而忽視那些沒有價(jià)值的，從而推知?jiǎng)澗€詞句“Withsomuchinformation,weneedtofirstsortthewheatfromthechaff,(有了這么多的信息，我們需要首先從sortthewheatfromthechaff)”其中劃線習(xí)語意思是“從沒有價(jià)值的東西中選擇有價(jià)值的”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Kozyrevaadvocateslearningtheskillofcriticalignoring,inwhichreadersintentionallycontroltheirinformationenvironmenttoreducetheirexposuretofalseandtrashinformation.(Kozyreva提倡學(xué)習(xí)批判性忽視的技能，讀者有意識(shí)地控制他們的信息環(huán)境，以減少他們接觸到虛假和垃圾信息。)”可知，批判性忽視能幫我們遠(yuǎn)離低質(zhì)量信息。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Herearethreeofthestrategiesrecommendedbyhertoavoidthetrapsofattentioneconomy.(下面是她推薦的三個(gè)避免注意力經(jīng)濟(jì)陷阱的策略。)”可知，她推薦了三個(gè)策略；再根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thefirststrategy(第一個(gè)策略)”和最后一段中“Thenextstrategy(下一個(gè)策略)”可知，作者可能會(huì)繼續(xù)談?wù)摿硪粋€(gè)推薦策略。故選A項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段中“Butinthedigitalage,accordingtoAnastasiaKozyreva,apsychologistattheMaxPlanckInstituteofHumanDevelopment,amoreimportantskillis‘criticalignoring’.(但馬克斯普朗克人類發(fā)展研究所的心理學(xué)家AnastasiaKozyreva表示，在數(shù)字時(shí)代，一項(xiàng)更重要的技能是‘批判性忽視’。)”可知，這篇文章介紹了一項(xiàng)重要的技能“批判性忽視”，在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代幫助我們有意識(shí)地控制自己的信息環(huán)境，以減少接觸到虛假和垃圾信息，其目的是向讀者介紹一個(gè)有用的想法。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Youknowtheoldsaying:Ittakesavillagetoraiseachild.Herearesometipsfromsuperstaraunties,unclesandexpertsonhowtobepartofthevillagewherechildrenareloved,raisedandcelebrated.___16___Someauntiesanduncleswanttosendgiftcardsonbirthdaysandholidays.Otherswanttodoschoolpickupeveryweek.Whateveryourstyle,thefirststepinbeingasupportiveadultinakid’slifeisunderstandingandsharingyourowninterestswiththem.___17___.Theconnectioncanbebigorsmallandcanhappenwhetheryou’renearorfar.ComeupwitharoutineforstayingintouchOnceyoufigureoutyourstyle,startthinkingabouthowoftenyouwanttoparticipate.Areyoucheckingineveryday?Onceaweek?___18___.Providenon-judgmentalsupportUnlikebeingaparent,there’slesspressureforyoutoalwaysbeonyourbestbehaviororbetheperfectrolemodel.___19___.Inthissafezone,youcanbemorefreetoexpressyourselfthanparents.Ifakidseesyouasasafeperson,theymightstartsharingtheirsecretswithyou.TalkaboutdisciplineInmostsituations,kidsaregoingtotestthelimitswhenthey’renotwiththeirparents,andtheremayevenbesomebehaviorproblems.___20___.Notonlywilltheseconversationshelpyoutoactinaproperwaywiththechild,buttheycouldalsosaveyourrelationshipwiththeparents.Otherwise,itcouldpotentiallybackfire(適得其反)iftheparentsdisagreewithyourapproachtomanagingthoseproblems.A.FigureoutyourstyleandsetupaconnectionB.KeepsecretifachildsharessomethingbadwithyouC.SotalkwiththeparentsaboutwhattheythinkisappropriateD.SoyoucanlistentokidsalittlebitdifferentlyfromtheirparentsE.FindingasharedhobbyisaneasywaytocreateapointofconnectionF.Whenitcomestobuildingrelationshipswithkids,consistencyiskeyG.Youcanstartbyaskingwhetheritisokaytosetlimitswithyourchild【答案】16.A17.E18.F19.D20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章針對(duì)不是父母的叔叔或阿姨等其他人，怎樣和孩子相處，給出一些建議?！?6題詳解】下文“Whateveryourstyle,thefirststepinbeingasupportiveadultinakid’slifeisunderstandingandsharingyourowninterestswiththem.(無論你的風(fēng)格如何，在孩子的生活中成為一個(gè)支持他們的成年人的第一步是理解并與他們分享你自己的興趣)”說明本段主題是：按照自己的風(fēng)格和孩子建立聯(lián)系，選項(xiàng)A“找出自己的風(fēng)格，建立聯(lián)系”概括本段大意，適合做小標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】下文“Theconnectioncanbebigorsmallandcanhappenwhetheryou’renearorfar.(這種聯(lián)系或大或小，無論你離得近或遠(yuǎn)，都可能建立)”介紹了和孩子所建立的聯(lián)系的特點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)E“找到一個(gè)共同的愛好是建立一個(gè)聯(lián)系點(diǎn)的簡單方法”給出和孩子建立聯(lián)系的方法，引領(lǐng)下文。故選E項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】小標(biāo)題“Comeupwitharoutineforstayingintouch(制定一個(gè)保持聯(lián)系的常規(guī))”和上文“Onceyoufigureoutyourstyle,startthinkingabouthowoftenyouwanttoparticipate.Areyoucheckingineveryday?Onceaweek?(一旦你找到了自己的風(fēng)格，就開始考慮你想多久參加一次。你每天都簽到嗎？一周一次？)”說明要有個(gè)保持聯(lián)系的常規(guī)，選項(xiàng)F“在與孩子建立關(guān)系時(shí)，保持是關(guān)鍵”承接上文，呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題，強(qiáng)調(diào)建立關(guān)系，要保持。故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Unlikebeingaparent,there’slesspressureforyoutoalwaysbeonyourbestbehaviororbetheperfectrolemodel.(與為人父母不同的是，你沒有那么大的壓力去保持最好的表現(xiàn)或者做一個(gè)完美的榜樣)”說明你與父母不同，沒有和孩子交往沒有壓力，選項(xiàng)D“所以你可以與孩子的父母有些不同地傾聽他們的聲音”承接上文，和上文存在因果關(guān)系，說明你在傾聽孩子聲音的時(shí)候可以與父母不同。故選D項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】上文“Inmostsituations,kidsaregoingtotestthelimitswhenthey’renotwiththeirparents,andtheremayevenbesomebehaviorproblems.(在大多數(shù)情況下，當(dāng)孩子們沒有和父母在一起的時(shí)候，他們會(huì)測(cè)試極限，甚至可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些行為問題)”說明孩子們會(huì)測(cè)試極限，甚至做出出格的事情，選項(xiàng)G“你可以先問一下是否可以對(duì)孩子設(shè)定限制”承接上文，建議討論一下給孩子設(shè)定限制。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。LucyFloresspendsherdaysteachingpreschoolstudentshowtoreadandwrite.After____21____,the23-year-oldgirlgoeshomeanddoesthesameforher43-year-olddad,LucianoFlores.“Iwasthinkingtomyself.‘SinceIcanteachthese____22____toreadandwrite,whycan'tIteachmyfatherthat?’____23____,westartedaboutfourmonthsago,”saysFlores.GrowingupinMexico,Luciano'sfamilyhad____24____resources.Theschoolhe____25____didn'thavemuchtospare,either.So,afteraboutfirstgrade,he____26____goingtoclassandstartedworkingto____27____hisfamily.Hebegana____28____inconstructionhecontinuestothisday.“Hisworkhardlyrequireshimtosignthings,”Floressaysofherfather.“Buthetoldnobodyaroundhimthathedidn'thavethe____29____.”Unlikeherdad,Floresreceivedagood______30______inschool.Lastyear,shebecamethefirstpersoninherfamilyto______31______fromcollege.Afewmonthsago,Floresgave______32______herdadashot.Though______33______atfirst,hewasexcitedtostarttolearn.“Thatfirstday,Itoldhimtowritehisname,buthedidn'twanttodoitinfrontofme,”sherecalls.“Hechosetositatthediningroomtable______34______,becausehedidn'twantanyonetosee.”Afterfourmonthsof______35______togetherfortwohourseverytime,threedaysaweek,bothweredonewithwork.Floresrevealsthatherdadcan______36______writehisnameandevenreadsomearticlesonhisown.Witnessingherdad's______37______,Floresfeelsreally______38______.Meanwhile,Lucianosharesthathe'seagerto______39______learningtoreadandwrite.AccordingtoFlores,they'replanningatriptoalocallibrarytogether.“He'sneverbeentoalibrary,”shesays.“I’mjustwonderinghis______40______toseeingalibraryfullofbooks.”21.A.birth B.growth C.school D.break22.A.colleagues B.children C.adults D.relatives23.A.Otherwise B.Instead C.Besides D.Therefore24.A.limited B.necessary C.affordable D.abundant25.A.managed B.established C.attended D.destroyed26.A.risked B.kept C.stopped D.forgot27.A.providefor B.standfor C.searchfor D.waitfor28.A.test B.career C.major D.campaign29.A.ability B.dream C.attempt D.strategy30.A.interview B.competition C.salary D.education31.A.retire B.graduate C.suffer D.recover32.A.defeating B.teaching C.challenging D.amusing33.A.regretful B.sorrowful C.hesitant D.angry34.A.byhimself B.inpair C.ontime D.atrandom35.A.discussing B.complaining C.arguing D.working36.A.suddenly B.currently C.instantly D.previously37.A.schedule B.adventure C.progress D.equipment38.A.delighted B.terrified C.disappointed D.confused39.A.start B.avoid C.suggest D.continue40.A.approach B.resistance C.devotion D.reaction【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.C26.C27.A28.B29.A30.D31.B32.B33.C34.A35.D36.B37.C38.A39.D40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一個(gè)23歲的女孩教43歲的父親讀寫的故事。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：放學(xué)后，這個(gè)23歲的女孩回家教43歲的父親讀寫。A.birth出生；B.growth成產(chǎn)；C.school學(xué)校；D.break短暫休息。根據(jù)前句“LucyFloresspendsherdaysteachingpreschoolstudentshowtoreadandwrite.”（LucyFlores白天教學(xué)前孩子如何讀寫）可知，白天忙于工作，只有放學(xué)后才有時(shí)間教父親，故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“既然我能教孩子們讀寫，為什么不能教我的父親呢？”。A.colleagues同事；B.children孩子；C.adults成年人；D.relatives親戚。根據(jù)前句“LucyFloresspendsherdaysteachingpreschoolstudentshowtoreadandwrite.”（LucyFlores白天教學(xué)前孩子如何讀寫）可知，Lucy是在教學(xué)前孩童，故選B項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“因此，我們?cè)谒膫€(gè)月前開始了教學(xué)活動(dòng)?！盇.otherwise否則；B.instead反之；C.besides此外；D.therefore因此。分析前后句句意可知，兩者存在因果關(guān)系，故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在墨西哥長大，Luciano的家里資源是有限的。A.limited有限的；B.necessary必要的；C.affordable負(fù)擔(dān)得起的；D.abundant豐富的。根據(jù)下句“Theschoolhe__5__didn'thavemuchtospare,either.”（他上的學(xué)校也無法為他提供什么東西）可知，他的家庭也是如此，擁有的資源有限，故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他就讀的學(xué)校也沒有多少余力。A.managed管理；B.established建立；C.attended出席；D.destroyed摧毀。根據(jù)下句“So,afteraboutfirstgrade,he__6__goingtoclassandstartedworkingto__7__hisfamily.”（因此，大概一個(gè)學(xué)期以后，他就不再去上學(xué)并開始工作來支持家庭）可知，這里是指他原本上的學(xué)校，故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，大約在一年級(jí)之后，他就不再去上課，而是開始工作來養(yǎng)活他的家人。A.risked冒險(xiǎn)；B.kept保持；C.stopped停止；D.forget忘記。根據(jù)startworking（開始工作）可知，他沒有上學(xué)了，故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：見上題解析。A.providefor供養(yǎng)；B.standfor代表；C.searchfor搜尋；D.waitfor等待。根據(jù)第4題信息可知，他家里資源有限，他輟學(xué)是為了支撐家庭，故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他開啟了他的建筑職業(yè)生涯并一直持續(xù)到今天。A.test測(cè)試；B.career職業(yè)；C.major專業(yè)；D.campaign活動(dòng)。根據(jù)construction可知，這是一種父親所從事的行業(yè)，也就是他的職業(yè)，故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是他沒有告訴周圍的人他沒有那個(gè)能力。A.ability能力；B.dream夢(mèng)想；C.attempt嘗試；D.strategy策略。根據(jù)第14題“Hechosetositat