湖北省黃岡市2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末調(diào)研考試英語試題-Word版含解析

黃岡市2022年秋季高二年級(jí)期末調(diào)研考試英語(全卷滿分150分考試用時(shí)120分鐘)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前、先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在試卷和答題卡上,并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4.考試結(jié)束后,請(qǐng)將答題卡上交。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatkindoficecreamdoesthemanwant?A.Achocolateone.B.Anorangeone.C.Acoffeeone.2.WhatkindofmusicdidBillyusuallylistentolastyear?A.Classicalmusic.B.Rock.C.Jazz.3.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Friends.C.Relatives.4.Howmuchdidthecoatcost?A.500yuan.B.400yuan.C.200yuan.5.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Gotothehospital.B.Drinksomewater.C.Mailsomeletters.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inagym.C.Inarestaurant.7.Whatwillthemanbeabletoseefromthewindow?A.Thepool.B.Thetownsquare.C.Thesea.聽第7段材料、回答第8至10題。8.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Memoriesofchildhood.B.Methodsofstartingbusiness.C.Experiencesabouttakingcareofakid.9.Whydidn’tthewomangetpaid?A.Shequittedsoon.B.Shedidn’tworkhard.C.Shedidn’taskforpayment.10.Whatwasdifficultforthewoman?A.Gettingthekidtosleep.B.Playingwiththekid.C.Feedingthekid.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Howmanytimeshasthemantriedrockclimbing?A.Once.B.Twice.C.Threetimes.12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkaboutrockclimbingnow?A.Scary.B.Exciting.C.Boring.13.Whydoesthemangotothegym?A.Totrainforrockclimbing.B.Toliveabusierlife.C.Tobehealthier.聽第9段材料,回答第14至16題。14WhatdoesthemanaskEllietodo?A.Clearuptheleaves.B.Washthedishes.C.Cleanthecar.15.WhydidthemanincreasethepayforEllie?A.Toencouragehertowork.B.Toknowhersecret.C.Tocheerherup.16.WhatdoesElliewanttodo?A.Prepareagiftforhermother.B.Getsomespendingmoney.C.Saveupforanewcar.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.WhoisMark?A.Aprofessor.B.Aphotographer.C.Atourguide.18.WhatistheLakesideCastleusedasnow?A.Apark.B.Amuseum.C.Arestaurant.19.Whichdestinationistheoldest?A.TheTigerTower.B.TheGreenManHall.C.TheLakesideCastle.20.WhatwillthevisitorsdoinGreenManHall?A.Climbatower.B.Visitaprince.C.Havelunch.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共1S小題：每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AProductsEveryStudentMayWantMagliteFlashlightPrice:$48.40Howmanydeadflashlightsdoyouhavelayingaround?TheMagliteflashlightwillrunanywherefrom13to48hoursonafreshsetofbatteries.Nowwhenthepowergoesoutinthedormsthenightbeforeyourchemistryfinal,youdon’tneedtoadmitdefeat.Designedforthebestlightoutput,thesemid-sizedflashlightsbeam(光線傳播)upto307meters.LifeStrawPrice:$17,47ImagineaworldwhereyoucandrinkoutofamuddyholeandhavethewatercomeoutcleanLifeStrawfiltersthatmuddywaterthroughhollowfibers,makingittotallysafetodrinkcoldwaterafteratiringhikeuptheAppalachianTrail.Rememberthatnightmarewhenyoucomehomefromacampingtripwithariverparasite(寄生蟲)?Nottoworry-thevaluableLifeStrawfilters99,9percentofparasites,bacteriaandmore.AmaeonKchoDotPrice:$S9,99Alexaisyourpersonalvoiceassistant.Shelistenstoeverywordyousayuntilyouaskhertodosomething.Andthenshedoesit.Youcouldaskherwhycarrotsgrowintheground,andshewouldspitoutananswerrightnow.Askhertoplayyourfavoritesongfromacrosstheroom,ortolookupthedefinitionofKimKardashian.RocketbookEverlastSmartNotebookPrice:$21.10Theamountofnotebookseveryonebuysthroughoutcollegekillstoomanytrees.Imaginereducingyourcarbonfootprintgreatly.Withareusablenotebook,writeasmuchasyouwantonthepagesandtheneraseitallafteryourfinalexams.Whatcouldbebetterthanopeninganewnotebooktoafreshcleanpageatthestartofthesemester?Oh,Iknow.savingtheplanetintheprocess.1.HowlongcanaMagliteflashliphtwithfreshbatteriesrunatmost?A.For13hours. B.For48hours. C.For35hours. D.For61hours.2.What’sthefunctionofLifeStraw?A.Topurifywater. B.Tosavewater’ C.Toheatwater. D.Tomakewater.3.Whichoftheproductsisenvironmentallyfriendly?A.MagliteFlashlight.B.LifeStraw.C.AmazonEchoDot.DRocketbookEverlastSmartNotebook.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。廣告介紹了幾個(gè)學(xué)生用品?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MagliteFlashlight中的“TheMagliteflashlightwillrunanywherefrom13to48hoursonafreshsetofbatteries.(磁石手電筒在更換電池的情況下可以工作13到48小時(shí)。)”可知，一個(gè)有新電池的磁石手電筒最多能用48小時(shí)。故選B項(xiàng)。2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LifeStraw中的“ImagineaworldwhereyoucandrinkoutofamuddyholeandhavethewatercomeoutcleanLifeStrawfiltersthatmuddywaterthroughhollowfibers,makingittotallysafetodrinkcoldwaterafteratiringhikeuptheAppalachianTrail.(想象一下，在一個(gè)世界里，你可以從一個(gè)泥濘的洞里喝到干凈的水，LifeStraw通過中空纖維過濾渾濁的水，在阿巴拉契亞小徑(AppalachianTrail)上疲憊的徒步旅行后，喝冷水是完全安全的。)”可知，LifeStraw的功能是凈化水。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Imaginereducingyourcarbonfootprintgreatly.Withareusablenotebook,writeasmuchasyouwantonthepagesandtheneraseitallafteryourfinalexams.Whatcouldbebetterthanopeninganewnotebooktoafreshcleanpageatthestartofthesemester?Oh,Iknow.savingtheplanetintheprocess.(想象一下大大減少你的碳足跡。使用可重復(fù)使用的筆記本，在紙上想寫多少就寫多少，期末考試后把它們?nèi)坎恋簟Ｔ谛聦W(xué)期開始的時(shí)候，有什么能比翻開新的筆記本，翻開嶄新的一頁更好呢？哦，我知道。在這個(gè)過程中拯救地球。)”可知，RocketbookEverlast智能筆記本是環(huán)保的。故選D項(xiàng)。BIstillrememberthedaysmygrandmotherusedtotakemeonlongwalksalongthesummergrass.Thesunwasalwaysshiningonthesmallrootsofthegrassontheground.Iremembernoticinghow,eventhoughtherootsweresmall,theystillmanagedtostickout.Eventhoughtherewereotherthingsthatcouldattractpeopletothepartsofthegrass,somehowthemindalwaysseemedtoleadtotheroots,or,moreprecisely,whereitallstarteditsorigins.Ihavelearnedtorealizeearlyonthatifyoucomefromaculturethatisdifferentfromthemainstreamculture,eventuallyyouwillhavetochoose.Andsometimes,choosingisn’taneasyprocess.GrowingupasaKoreanAmericanintheUS,IhaveoftenfelttheneedtohavetochoosebetweenthetwoculturesthatIliveby.Evenwithfriends,Iwouldbetheoutsiderthatisstucksomewhereinthemiddle.Onsomedays,Iwouldchoosetobethe“white”versionofmyself,dyeingmyhairblond,Onotherdays,Iwouldfeeltheneedtorelocate(遷移)totheAsianpartofme.Thepartofme,alsoknownasthe“roots”ofthegrass,hasalwaysbeenkepthiddenforwhateverreason.WheneverIredyemyownhairblack,IgetthefeelingthatIampreservingsomeoftherootsthatImayhaveleftbehind.Sometimes,wejustwanttopreservethoserootsthatwehavekepthidden.Wetrytoextrahardtobecome“apartof”somethingwemighthaveleftbehind.However,itismoremeaningfulifweallowthatthing(cultureinthincase)tobecomenpartofourdailylives.Thisway,wewillbecomelearnlikelytoforget“this”partofourselves.4.Whatdidtheauthorthinkoftherootsofthegrainontheground?A.Theyweretoosmalltobeseen.B.Theygrewwellinthesummerdaylight.C.Theylookedlessattractivethantheleaves.D.Theyweremorelikelytograbpeople’sattention.5.HowwouldtheauthorfeelwhenstayingwithfriendsinAmerica?A.Shewouldfeelstuckbetweentwocultures.B.Shewouldfeeldesperatetosharesimilaritieswiththem.C.Shewouldfeelunconcernedwithanyculture.D.Shewouldfeelannoyedabouttheirmainstreamculture.6.Whywouldtheauthorredyeherhairblack?A.Tocreateanewself-image.B.TohidetheAsianpartofher.C.Topreserveherculturalroots.D.Tomakeherhairlooknatural.7.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusinthetext?A.Thewaytopreserveourculturalroots.B.Theattitudeweshouldholdtodifferentcultures.C.WheninRomedoastheRomansdo.D.Thelongestjourneybeginswiththefirststep.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過作者講述自己的經(jīng)歷告訴我們：想要守住自己民族文化的根，要讓自己民族的文化成為日常生活的一部分，這樣，我們才不太可能忘本?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Iremembernoticinghow,eventhoughtherootsweresmall,theystillmanagedtostickout.Eventhoughtherewereotherthingsthatcouldattractpeopletothepartsofthegrass,somehowthemindalwaysseemedtoleadtotheroots,or,moreprecisely,whereitallstarteditsorigins.”（我記得注意到，即使根很小，它們?nèi)匀荒軌蛏斐鰜?。盡管還有其他的東西可以吸引人們來到草的部分，但不知何故，思想似乎總是指向草根，或者更確切地說，是它的起源。）可知，盡管根很小，雖說還有其他的東西可以吸引人們來到草的部分，但是人們似乎總是先聯(lián)想到草的根。可推知，那些草根可能會(huì)引起人們的關(guān)注。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“GrowingupasaKoreanAmericanintheUS,IhaveoftenfelttheneedtohavetochoosebetweenthetwoculturesthatIliveby.Evenwithfriends,Iwouldbetheoutsiderthatisstucksomewhereinthemiddle.”（作為一個(gè)在美國長大的韓裔美國人，我經(jīng)常感到有必要在我生活的兩種文化之間做出選擇。即使和朋友在一起，我也會(huì)成為被夾在中間的局外人。）可知，當(dāng)作者和美國的朋友在一起時(shí)，總感覺自己像是卡在兩種文化中間的局外人一樣。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“WheneverIredyemyownhairblack,IgetthefeelingthatIampreservingsomeoftherootsthatImayhaveleftbehind.”（每當(dāng)我把自己的頭發(fā)重新染成黑色，我就會(huì)感覺到我在保留一些我可能留下的根。）可知，每當(dāng)作者把自己的頭發(fā)重染成黑色時(shí)，都會(huì)覺得自己正在保護(hù)一些可能被拋下了的根基。由此可知，作者把頭發(fā)重染成黑色是為了保護(hù)她的亞洲文化的根基。故選C。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)最后一段中“However,itismoremeaningfulifweallowthatthing(cultureinthincase)tobecomenpartofourdailylives.Thisway,wewillbecomelearnlikelytoforget“this”partofourselves.”（然而，如果我們?cè)试S那樣的事情(文化)成為我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹囊徊糠?，那就更有意義了。這樣，我們就會(huì)變得容易忘記自己“這一部分”。）可知，作者通過講述自己的經(jīng)歷來告訴我們，想要守住自己民族文化的根，要讓自己民族的文化成為日常生活的一部分。因此作者主要想告訴我們應(yīng)該怎樣保護(hù)自己民族文化的根。故選A。CAnunderwatervolcanoeruptioninTongaonSaturday(Jan.15,2022)wascapturedasithappenedinshockingimagesfromanEarth—watchingsatellite,showingthegreatpowerfortheexplosiveeventintheSouthPacific.ThevolcanoeruptionontheislandofHungaTonga—HungaHa’apaiisvisibleasaspectacularexplosioninviewsfromtheGOESWestEarth—observingsatelliteoperatedbytheUSNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA).AvideooftheeruptionshowsavastmassofmaterialfromthevolcanorisinghighintotheatmospherelikeagiantmushroomduringtheeruptionasashockwaveextendsoutwardfromHungaTonga-HungaHaapai,oneofthe170islandsthatmakeuptheSouthPacifickingdomofTonga.Theeruptionspawneda4-foottsunamithathitTonga’scapitalofNuku’alofa,whichisabout40milessouthofthevolcano.AdeafeningnoisefromtheeruptionwasheardacrossthePacificOcean,reachingasfarawayasAlaska,accordingtotheAssociatedPress(AP).Nuku’alofawascoveredinafilmofvolcanicdust,accordingtotheAP.TherehavebeennoofficialreportsofinjuriesordamagefromTonga’scapitalonJan.15,2022,butitsInternetaccesswasinterruptedbytheevent,thevolcanoonHungaTonga-HungaHa’apaifirsteruptedonDec,20,2021andthenexplodedwithamassiveeruptiononJan,13,whichwasalsospottedbyGOESWest,NOAAofficialssaidinastatement.ThateruptiononJan.13wasseventimesmorepowerfulthantheDecembereventandsentahugemassofashandgasover12milesintoEarth’satmosphere.Saturday’seruptionalsosentanashmasstoanaltitudeofnearly12miles,NewZealandPrimeMinisterJacindaArderntoldtheAP.NewZealandofficialshopedtosendmilitaryflightsoverthevolcanotoassessitsstatus,followedbyaidandsuppliesforTonga,wherewatersuppliesmaybepolluted,Ardernadded.8.WhichwordcanbeusedtodescribetheeruptioninTongaonJan,15?A.Invisible. B.Powerful. C.Common. D.Beautiful.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spawned”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Spread. B.Captured. C.Caused. D.Showed10.WhatdidthevolcaniceruptiononJanleadto?A.ThedirtyatmosphereofNuku’alofa.B.TheterribledamageinTonga’scapital.C.LargenumbersofinjuriesinTonga.D.OthervolcaniceruptionsinTonga.11.WhydidNewZealandofficialshopetosendmilitaryflights?A.Toremovethepollutedatmosphere.B.Toprovideaidandsupplies.C.Tostoptheashandgaseruptingout.D.Tolearnmoredetailsaboutthevolcano.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述湯加島的一次水下火山爆發(fā)情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AnunderwatervolcanoeruptioninTongaonSaturday(Jan.15,2022)wascapturedasithappenedinshockingimagesfromanEarth—watchingsatellite,showingthegreatpowerfortheexplosiveeventintheSouthPacific.ThevolcanoeruptionontheislandofHungaTonga—HungaHa’apaiisvisibleasaspectacularexplosioninviewsfromtheGOESWestEarth—observingsatelliteoperatedbytheUSNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA).(周六（2022年1月15日），湯加的一次水下火山噴發(fā)被一顆地球觀測(cè)衛(wèi)星捕捉到了令人震驚的圖像，顯示了南太平洋爆炸事件的巨大力量。從美國國家海洋和大氣管理局（NOAA）運(yùn)營的GOES西地球觀測(cè)衛(wèi)星上可以看到洪加湯加-洪加哈派島上的火山爆發(fā)，這是一次壯觀的爆炸)”可知，1月15日的湯加島上的火山爆發(fā)威力很大。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“Theeruptionspawneda4-foottsunamithathitTonga’scapitalofNuku’alofa,whichisabout40milessouthofthevolcano.(火山爆發(fā)spawned了一場(chǎng)4英尺高的海嘯，襲擊了湯加首都努庫阿洛法（Nuku'alofa），該市位于火山以南約40英里處)”可知，spawned是動(dòng)詞，描述火山爆發(fā)之后引起海嘯的事情。由此可知，劃線詞spawned的意思應(yīng)該是“引起，導(dǎo)致”，和選項(xiàng)C意思一致。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Nuku’alofawascoveredinafilmofvolcanicdust,accordingtotheAP.(據(jù)美聯(lián)社報(bào)道，努庫阿洛法被火山灰覆蓋)”可知，這次火山爆發(fā)使得努庫阿洛法被火山灰覆蓋。故選A?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“NewZealandofficialshopedtosendmilitaryflightsoverthevolcanotoassessitsstatus,followedbyaidandsuppliesforTonga,wherewatersuppliesmaybepolluted,Ardernadded.(阿德恩補(bǔ)充道，新西蘭官員希望派遣軍用飛機(jī)飛越火山以評(píng)估火山的狀況，隨后向湯加提供援助和補(bǔ)給，湯加的供水可能受到污染)”可知，新西蘭官員希望派遣軍用飛機(jī)向湯加提供援助和補(bǔ)給。故選B。DWhywouldn’tscientistswanttotryandsavetheworld’slargestflower,especiallywhenit,Rafflesia,istheircountry’snationalflower?However,whenyouaddtothefactthattheworld’slargestflowerisalsotheworld’ssmelliest,thensuddenlythe“pandaoftheplantworld”beginstolookmorelikeaheadache.SofiMursidawati,aPhDinagricultureattheBogorBotanicalGardensontheislandofJava,isoneoftheworld’sleadingexpertsonthisstrangeflower,andhereffortstobuildabodyofknowledgethatwillallowforthecreationoftheflowerintothefuturecouldsaveitfromextinction.Rafflesiahasnoleaves,roots,orstems,butratheronlyonegiant,one-meter-long,20-poundbloomthatsmellslikerottingmeat.FoundonlyintherainforestsofSumatraandBorneo,itsartificialcreationinthefaceofhabitatlossisaproblem.Withseedsthesizeofgrains,pollinatedflowersinfectakindofvines(葬本植物)calledTetrastygma,beforeslowlygrowingovermanymonthsintoanenormouscabbage一sizedbulb.Thecuriositiesdon’tendthere.Infact,itbarelyqualifiesasaplant.Itbranchedawayfromhavinggeneticsthatcodeforphotosynthesis(光合作用)millionsofyearsago,andreliesentirelyuponitshost—thevinesforenergy.Justasit’sdifficulttogetpandastobreed,Rafflesiaisapainintheneck,asthebloomslastonlyaweek.AftercollectingRafflesiaseeds,andavarietyofTetrastygmavines,ittookMursidawatifouryearstowelcomethefirstsmellyflowerintotheBogorBotanicalGardens.Adecadelater,theworkwasstillslowgoing.However,thecreationisdoingonethingverywell：creatingspecimens(樣本)tosendtobotanicgardensaroundtheworld,creatingwhatwilllikelybethestrangeflower’sgreatestchanceforsurvival.12.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofcreatingRafflesia?A.Meaningless. B.Simple. C.Attractive. D.Challenging.13.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.Rafflesiaisdifferentfromcommonplants.B.It’saproblemforRafflesintoliveintherainforests.C.Rafflesiahasalreadybeensavedfromextinction.D.SoliMursidawatihascreatedRafflesiasuccessfully.14.WheredoesRafflesiagetitsenergy?A.Fromthesun. B.Fromitshost. C.Fromtheearth. D.Fromtheair.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheWorld’sLargestFlowerIsEndangered.B.RaflesinBecomesWorld’sLargestFlower.C.WomanScientistCreatesVariousFlowers.D.WomanScientistRacestoSaveWorld’sLargestandSmelliestFlower.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹爪哇島茂物植物園的農(nóng)業(yè)博士索非·穆爾西達(dá)瓦蒂（SofiMursidawati）正在研究方法來拯救一種世界最大卻最難聞的奇怪的花Rafflesia?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Justasit’sdifficulttogetpandastobreed,Rafflesiaisapainintheneck,asthebloomslastonlyaweek.AftercollectingRafflesiaseeds,andavarietyofTetrastygmavines,ittookMursidawatifouryearstowelcomethefirstsmellyflowerintotheBogorBotanicalGardens.Adecadelater,theworkwasstillslowgoing.(正如大熊貓很難繁殖一樣，Rafflesia是一個(gè)令人頭疼的問題，因?yàn)殚_花只持續(xù)一周。在收集了Rafflesia種子和各種Tetrastymma葡萄藤之后，穆爾西達(dá)瓦蒂花了四年時(shí)間才迎來了茂物植物園的第一朵臭花。十年后，這項(xiàng)工作仍然進(jìn)展緩慢。)”可知，人工培育Rafflesia是極其困難的事情，即：挑戰(zhàn)性很強(qiáng)。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Rafflesiahasnoleaves,roots,orstems,butratheronlyonegiant,one-meter-long,20-poundbloomthatsmellslikerottingmeat.(Rafflesia沒有葉子、根或莖，只有一個(gè)巨大的、一米長、20磅重的花朵，聞起來像腐爛的肉。)”可知，Rafflesia和一般的植物不一樣。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Itbranchedawayfromhavinggeneticsthatcodeforphotosynthesis(光合作用)millionsofyearsago,andreliesentirelyuponitshost—thevinesforenergy.(它在數(shù)百萬年前就已經(jīng)脫離了編碼光合作用的基因，完全依賴于它的宿主——葡萄藤來獲取能量。)”可知，Rafflesia是從它的宿主——葡萄藤來獲取能量。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Whywouldn’tscientistswanttotryandsavetheworld’slargestflower,especiallywhenit,Rafflesia,istheircountry’snationalflower?However,whenyouaddtothefactthattheworld’slargestflowerisalsotheworld’ssmelliest,thensuddenlythe“pandaoftheplantworld”beginstolookmorelikeaheadache.(為什么科學(xué)家不想拯救世界上最大的花，尤其是當(dāng)它是他們國家的國花時(shí)？然而，當(dāng)你再加上世界上最大的花也是世界上最臭的花這一事實(shí)時(shí)，“植物世界的熊貓”突然看起來更像是頭疼。)”和第二段“SofiMursidawati,aPhDinagricultureattheBogorBotanicalGardensontheislandofJava,isoneoftheworld’sleadingexpertsonthisstrangeflower,andhereffortstobuildabodyofknowledgethatwillallowforthecreationoftheflowerintothefuturecouldsaveitfromextinction.Rafflesiahasnoleaves,roots,orstems,butratheronlyonegiant,one-meter-long,20-poundbloomthatsmellslikerottingmeat.FoundonlyintherainforestsofSumatraandBorneo,itsartificialcreationinthefaceofhabitatlossisaproblem.(索非·穆爾西達(dá)瓦蒂是爪哇島茂物植物園的農(nóng)業(yè)博士，她是世界上研究這種奇異花卉的頂尖專家之一，她努力建立一套知識(shí)體系，以便在未來創(chuàng)造這種花卉，從而使其免于滅絕。Rafflesia沒有葉子、根或莖，只有一個(gè)巨大的、一米長、20磅重的花朵，聞起來像腐爛的肉。它只在蘇門答臘和婆羅洲的雨林中發(fā)現(xiàn)，面對(duì)棲息地的喪失，它的人工創(chuàng)造是一個(gè)問題。)”可知，文章主要介紹爪哇島茂物植物園的農(nóng)業(yè)博士索非·穆爾西達(dá)瓦蒂正在研究方法，去拯救一種世界最大卻最難聞的奇怪的花Rafflesia。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2、5分。滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。It’scertainlyhumannaturetoworry.Especiallytoday,whenmanyofusseemtohaveproblemsaboutmoney,family,careerorhealthconcerns,worrymayseemunavoidable.___16___Whatcanwedotostopworryingtoomuch?Somepeoplefindmeditationaveryhelpfulandrelaxingwaytostopworryingtoomuch.Butyoudon’tnecessarilyneedformal.meditationtechniques.Bycombininganyreflectiveandcalmingtechniquesthatworkforyou.Youmayfindthatyoustopworryingsoon.___17___Evenifyousetasideacertainamountoftimetoreallythinkaboutwhat’sworryingyou,youmayfindthatnewideaswillcometoyoulaterwhenyouleastexpectthem.___18___Itcanhelpyoustopworryingifyouknowyou’llprobablybeabletocomeupwithideasandoptionsifyoujustgiveyourselftimetothink.Sometimes,lettingourselvesthinkoftheworstthingthatcouldhappencanactuallyreduceourworries.___19___Evenifitdoesseembad,facingthepossibilityofithead-on(積極地)mayevenallowustoformaplantopreventthisworst-casescenario(設(shè)想)fromhappening.___20___Forexample,talkingtofriendsorahelpingprofessionalmaybeagoodoptioniftheworryingjustwon’tseemlogoawayandyou’vetriedeverythingyoucanthinkoftostopworrying.Keepingadailyjournalandwritingdownworriesregularlymayalsohelp.A.Manycreativepeopleexperiencethisprocess.B.Actually,theresultwouldreallynotbethatbad.C.Whenthingsareoutofyourcontrol,makepeacewiththem.D.Therearealsomanyothereasywaystohelpyoustopworrying.E.Weallworryaboutdifferentthingsatdifferentpointsinourlives.F.However,toomuchworrycanmakeourstresslevelandhealthevenworse.G.Meanwhile,youwillfeelrelaxedandthinkyourproblemsovermorecreatively.【答案】16.F17.G18.C19.B20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)，感到焦慮似乎是一件不可避免的事情，但過于焦慮會(huì)對(duì)健康狀況產(chǎn)生影響。本文對(duì)于如何停止焦慮提供了一些簡單實(shí)用的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“It’scertainlyhumannaturetoworry.Especiallytoday,whenmanyofusseemtohaveproblemsaboutmoney,family,careerorhealthconcerns,worrymayseemunavoidable.(擔(dān)心當(dāng)然是人類的天性。尤其是今天，當(dāng)我們中的許多人似乎都有關(guān)于金錢、家庭、事業(yè)或健康的問題時(shí)，擔(dān)憂似乎是不可避免的)”提到焦慮不可避免。下文“Whatcanwedotostopworryingtoomuch?(我們?cè)鯓硬拍芡Ｖ惯^度擔(dān)心呢？)”提出問題。由此可知，空處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該提到過度焦慮會(huì)帶來什么后果。F項(xiàng)“然而，過多的焦慮會(huì)讓我們變得更有壓力，健康狀況也會(huì)變差。”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，同時(shí)也與下文提到的過度焦慮相呼應(yīng)，符合題意。故選F。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Butyoudon’tnecessarilyneedformal.meditationtechniques.Bycombininganyreflectiveandcalmingtechniquesthatworkforyou.Youmayfindthatyoustopworryingsoon.(但你不一定需要正式的冥想技巧。通過結(jié)合任何反思和鎮(zhèn)靜的技巧，為你工作。你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你很快就不再擔(dān)心了)”可知，通過使用自己有效的沉思與鎮(zhèn)靜技巧，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不再焦慮了。由此可知，空處應(yīng)該承接前文，講述通過這樣做帶來的其他好處。選項(xiàng)G“同時(shí)，你會(huì)感到放松，你思考問題也會(huì)有創(chuàng)造性。”承接上文，符合題意。故選G。【18題詳解】上文“Evenifyousetasideacertainamountoftimetoreallythinkaboutwhat’sworryingyou,youmayfindthatnewideaswillcometoyoulaterwhenyouleastexpectthem.(即使你留出一定的時(shí)間去真正思考什么在困擾著你，你可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)新的想法會(huì)在你最不期待的時(shí)候出現(xiàn))”提到了新的想法的出現(xiàn)過程：新的想法會(huì)在你最意料不到的時(shí)候出現(xiàn)一個(gè)過程。下文“Itcanhelpyoustopworryingifyouknowyou’llprobablybeabletocomeupwithideasandoptionsifyoujustgiveyourselftimetothink.(它可以幫助你停止擔(dān)心，如果你知道如果你給自己時(shí)間思考，你可能會(huì)想出主意和選擇)”可知，這里指新想法的出現(xiàn)的幫助作用，因而空處應(yīng)該提到當(dāng)你失控時(shí)，要做什么。選項(xiàng)C“當(dāng)事情超出你的控制時(shí)，與它們和平相處?！毕挛闹械膇t指代選項(xiàng)中的“makepeacewiththem”。故選C。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Sometimes,lettingourselvesthinkoftheworstthingthatcouldhappencanactuallyreduceourworries.(有時(shí)候，讓自己想想可能發(fā)生的最糟糕的事情實(shí)際上可以減少我們的擔(dān)憂)”可知，通過回想發(fā)生過的最糟糕的事情可以減少我們的焦慮。由此可知，空處應(yīng)該承接前文，講述這樣的比較會(huì)讓我們覺得我們面對(duì)的事實(shí)并不糟糕。選項(xiàng)B“實(shí)際上，結(jié)果可能真的沒有那么糟糕?！背薪由衔?，符合語境，故選B。【20題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Forexample,talkingtofriendsorahelpingprofessionalmaybeagoodoptioniftheworryingjustwon’tseemlogoawayandyou’vetriedeverythingyoucanthinkoftostopworrying.Keepingadailyjournalandwritingdownworriesregularlymayalsohelp.(例如，如果擔(dān)心似乎不會(huì)消失，而且你已經(jīng)嘗試了所有你能想到的辦法來停止擔(dān)心，那么和朋友或者專業(yè)人士交談可能是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。堅(jiān)持每天寫日記，有規(guī)律地寫下憂慮也會(huì)有所幫助)”可知，該段是講述其他的減少焦慮的方法。選項(xiàng)D“也有很多其他的簡單方法幫助你不再焦慮。”總領(lǐng)本段內(nèi)容，符合題意。故選D。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Studyingabroadiscomplicated.Apartfromacademic___21___thatneededtobedealtwith,youalsoneedto___22___agreatmanypersonalrelationships.Therefore,wehaveto___23___ourselvestomaturequickly.Inmycase,apartfrommy___24___,IspentmostofthethreeandahalfyearsinCanadawithmyhostfamily.Theirhouseisnotfarfrommyschool-about10minutes’drive.Theyarea___25___familyoffive:theparents,twosonsattheageofeightornine,andthegrandmother.___26___time,webecamepartofeachother’slives.WhatimpressedmemostwasthatCanadians___27___greatattentiontoholidayrituals.Inmyhostfamily,onMother’sDay,forexample,thefatherandhistwosonswouldprepare___28___andgiftsforthemothers.OnFather’sDay,themotherwoulddothesameforthefather.Atfestival,whetherbigor___29___theywouldwriteandsendeachotherpostcards,whichalwaysbroughteachothernicesurprises____30____.Everydayafterwork,thefatherwouldkissthemotherassoonashewalkedinthedoor,eveninthe____31____oftheirkids.Theywouldneverrunawayfrom____32____theirfeelings.Allthoselifedetails,inmyopinion,are____33____withlove.Onlywith____34____andcarefulnesscanoureyesseethetruejoyinlife.Inthismanner,theparentsofmyhostfamilytelleachotherandtheirchildren:Asanumberinourfamily,we____35____eachotherfromthebottomofourhearts.21.A.preparations B.matters C.events D.affairs22.A.maintain B.create C.discover D.understand23.A.ask B.adapt C.apply D.force24.A.bosses B.classmates C.parents D.colleagues25.A.local B.special C.familiar D.complex26.A.At B.On C.Over D.During27.A.paid B.drew C.caught D.attracted28.A.bonuses B.meals C.shocks D.surprises29.A.simple B.major C.small D.important30.A.unexpectedly B.unlimitedly C.uncomfortably D.unfortunately31.A.appearance B.edge C.corridor D.presence32.A.capturing B.ceasing C.expressing D.sharing33.A.filled B.equipped C.armed D.covered34.A.forgiveness B.attentiveness C.kindness D.mildness35.A.accountfor B.attendto C.bringabout D.careabout【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.A26.C27.A28.D29.C30.A31.D32.C33.A34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在加拿大留學(xué)期間觀察到當(dāng)?shù)厝松朴诒磉_(dá)對(duì)家庭成員的愛，而且把作者也當(dāng)做家人，讓作者感到很溫暖。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：除了需要處理的學(xué)業(yè)上的事，你還需要維護(hù)許多私人關(guān)系事務(wù)。A.preparations準(zhǔn)備；B.matters事情；C.events活動(dòng)；項(xiàng)目；D.affairs事件。根據(jù)下文“agreatmanypersonalrelationships(許多私人關(guān)系事務(wù))”可知作者要處理學(xué)業(yè)上的事情，故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.maintain維護(hù)；B.create創(chuàng)造；C.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.understand理解。根據(jù)下文“agreatmanypersonalrelationships(許多私人關(guān)系事務(wù))”可知，私人關(guān)系是需要維護(hù)的，故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，我們要迫使自己快速成熟起來。A.ask問；B.adapt適應(yīng)；C.apply申請(qǐng)；D.force迫使。根據(jù)上文“Studyingabroadiscomplicated(在國外留學(xué)是一件很復(fù)雜的事情)”以及下文“tomaturequickly(快速成熟起來)”可知，在國外留學(xué)很不容易，快速成熟需要自己逼迫自己努力，故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：以我為例，除了同學(xué)以外，我在加拿大三年半的時(shí)間都是跟寄宿家庭呆在一起的。A.bosses老板；B.classmates同學(xué)；C.parents父母；D.colleagues同事，根據(jù)上文“Studyingabroadiscomplicated(在國外留學(xué)是一件很復(fù)雜的事情)”可知作者到加拿大是留學(xué)，因此是和同學(xué)呆在一起，故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們是當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€(gè)五人之家：父母親、兩個(gè)男孩，分別8歲和9歲，還有一個(gè)祖母。A.local當(dāng)?shù)氐?；B.special特殊的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.complex復(fù)雜的。根據(jù)上文“IspentmostofthethreeandahalfyearsinCanadawithmyhostfamily.(我在加拿大三年半的時(shí)間都是跟寄宿家庭呆在一起的)”可知，作者住在了加拿大當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€(gè)寄宿家庭，故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著時(shí)間的流逝，我們成為了彼此生活中的重要部分。A.At在……；B.On在……上面；C.Over在……時(shí)間里；D.During在……期間。根據(jù)上文“IspentmostofthethreeandahalfyearsinCanadawithmyhostfamily.”可知，隨著時(shí)間的流逝，作者和寄宿家庭成員之間的關(guān)系慢慢變好，故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：給我印象最深的是加拿大人特別重視節(jié)日儀式。A.paid支付；B.drew畫；C.caught抓；D.attracted吸引。根據(jù)下文“Inmyhostfamily,onMother’sDay,forexample,thefatherandhistwosonswouldprepare8andgiftsforthemothers.OnFather’sDay,themotherwoulddothesameforthefather.Atfestival,whetherbigor9theywouldwriteandsendeachotherpostcards”可知，加拿大人特別重視節(jié)日禮儀。payattentionto為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，含義為：關(guān)注，與句子表達(dá)的含義一致，故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：舉個(gè)例子，在我的寄宿家庭，在母親節(jié)的時(shí)候，父親和兩個(gè)兒子會(huì)為母親準(zhǔn)備驚喜和禮物。A.bonuses紅利；B.meals餐；C.shocks驚嚇；D.surprises驚喜。根據(jù)下文“gifts(禮物)”可知在母親節(jié)的時(shí)候，全家要為母親