北京市朝陽區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測英語模擬試卷（含答案）

北京市朝陽區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測英語模擬試卷第一部分知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,共15分）閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。GardeningchangedhowIseemyselfasadisabledwoman.WhenIstartedgardeningin2018,Ididn'tknowanythingaboutplants,letalonehowtogrowthingswecaneat.Ithoughtgardeningrequiredalotof1tasks.AsIhaveagenetic（遺傳的）conditionthatcausesmybonesto2easily,Ididn'tbelieveIcouldcompletethem.Thethoughtoftakingcareofplantsinawheelchaireverydaymademefeel3.ButjustlikehowIgraduallylearnteverythingelseasadisabledperson,Ihadto4howtogardenmyway.Thatfirstseason,IvisitedmygardenasmuchasIcould.Noticingmyinterestingardening,myneighborsinthecommunity5offeredmeadviceandsupport.Undertheircareful6,Imanagedtopulluptheweedsandwateredmyplantsonmyown.Finally,IwassoproudtoeatthetomatoesIgrewandevensharedsomewithneighbors.Theytastedlikesummertime.Gardeninghas7howIseeotherpartsofmylife.Asadisabledwoman,Ifearbeingseenasa8andstruggletoaskforthethingsIneed.GardeninghelpedmenormalizethefactthatIhaveneeds.Idon'tthinkmyplantisaheavyloadbecauseitneedsmorenutrition.Idon't9itforgettinginsectsandnotbeingabletofightagainstthem.Gardeningalsohelpedmeexpandmysocialcircleandgrowclosetopeopleinourcommunity.Overtheyears,gardeninghasmademefeelmoreconfidentineveryaspectofmylife.I'mplantingwhatIwanttogrow,andIhavegainedalotof10fromthat.1. A.simple B.physical C.pleasant D.urgent2. A.change B.rest C.break D.move3. A.anxious B.expectant C.motivated D.bored4. A.lookover B.showoff C.bringback D.figureout5. A.suddenly B.readily C.hesitantly D.casually6. A.observation B.check C.discussion D.guidance7. A.impacted B.ruined C.controlled D.recorded8. A.support B.comfort C.burden D.threat9. A.appreciate B.fault C.challenge D.forgive10. A.justice B.access C.weight D.power第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,共15分）閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。AIwasbornwithapronouncedfacialproblem.Becauseofthat,Ihaveundergonemanycruelcomments.Oneday,while11（shop）,IwasapproachedbyawomanIdidn'tknow.Standingstill,Iwasreadyforaruderemark.Buttheladysmiledandsaid,"Thisgiftcardisforyou,beautifulgirl,soyoucanbuysomethingspecialfor12（you）."Iamsothankfultothatwomanforremindingmebeauty13（come）inallforms.BChinahasalargenumberofglobalculturalheritage（遺產(chǎn)）sites14（recognize）byUNESCO.Overthepastdecades,greatefforts15（make）bythecountrytopreservethem.Theseculturalheritagesitesenrichourdailylivesincountlessways,16weexperiencethemdirectlyorthroughthemediumofaconnecteddevice.WebelievethatChina17（apply）moderntechnologiestotherestorationandpreservationofmoreculturalheritagesitesintheyearstocome.CPsychologicalprocessesandmentalwellbeingarevitaltoconsistentlyhighdegreesofsportingperformanceforathletesatalllevels.Sportspsychologyisthestudyof18psychologicalfactorsinfluenceathleticperformance.Althoughitisa19（relative）newdiscipline,sportspsychologyisnowwidelyacceptedasofferinganimportantadvantage20opponents.Toprovideathleteswiththementalsupporttheyneed,asportspsychologistneedstoconsidertheirfeelings,behaviorandlivesbeyond.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分,共28分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWorldLearning（WL）YouthProgramsbringinternationalhighschoolageyouthtotheUSforshort-termleadershipprogramsandexchangestodeveloptheirmeaningfulandmemorablelearningexperiences.Wehavemorethan1,000youthparticipantsonover20programseachyear.WLYouthProgramsseekleaderswhoareresponsibleforworkingwithyoungpeopleandleadinghighschoolexchangeprograms.Leadersdelivereducationalcontentandareknowledgeableinthedesignanddeliveryofactiveworkshops.LeadersalsorepresentWLinUSdomestichostcommunities,andattimesoverseas,andmanagepartnerrelationshipswithintegrityandprofessionalism.QualificationsfortheApplicantsYouareflexible,energetic,andpro-activeteamplayers.Youenjoyspendingtimewithhighschoolstudents.Youarewillingtoputtheparticipants'learninganddevelopmentaheadofyourownexperience.Youarereadyforanintense,challenging,andrewardingprogrammingexperience.Youhaveahighlevelofsocialandemotionalintelligence.Youdemonstratecross-culturalsensitivityandskillsincommunication.Youbringawidevarietyofbackgroundsandsocialidentities.Youareaneducator.ApplytobecomeaWLYouthProgramLeaderIfinterested,youcancontactforquestionsaboutour2024applicationprocess.21.WhatistheaimofWLYouthPrograms?A.Todeveloptheleadershipofhighschoolstudents.B.ToofferyoungpeopleanopportunitytoworkinUS.C.TotrainparticipantstobeWLYouthProgramsleaders.D.ToseekindividualstocontributetoWLYouthPrograms.22.IfselectedasaWLYouthProgramsleader,onewillA.hostcommunityeventsrepresentingWLB.bedevotedtothefieldofyouthdevelopmentC.helpparticipantslearnknowledgeaboutdesigningworkshopsD.manageWLYouthProgramswithintegrityandprofessionalism23.Accordingtothepassage,applicantsarerequiredtoA.haveoverseasworkexperienceB.valuethedevelopmentofparticipantsC.majorincross-culturalcommunicationD.telltheparticipants'differentsocialidentitiesBWorkingatabankinNewYorkCityinthemid-2010s,AnnaSackswaslivingthelife-justnotthelifeshewanted.Sure,shewashappy.Butshewantedtodosomethingthatfeltimportant.Somepeopleseekingmeaningmightreadaself-helpbookorperhapsvolunteerafewhoursaweek.SackspackedupherlifeandmovedtoConnecticuttoparticipateinAdamah,afarmingprogramthatfocusesonsustainablelivingandgrowingsustainablefood.WhenshereturnedtoNewYork,herlifewaswithanewpurposeandavarietyofnewskillstomakeherdreamsareality."OneofthethingsthatreallystuckwithmefromAdamahwashowlittlewastetheyproducedandhowtheyhandledthewastetheydidhave,primarilythroughcomposting（堆肥）,"shesays."AndIjustthought,'Whyaren'twedoingthathere?""TheAdamahprogramopenedSacks'eyestothedamageconsumercultureisdoingonalocal,national,andgloballevel,andtheneedtofindsolutions.Soin2017,shebeganwhatshecalls"trashwalking".Duringtoursaroundhercommunity,Sackspicksthroughgarbagetolookforreusableitems.Soon,her"trashwalking"expandedtoincludecorporatetrashalongwithresidentialtrash.Surprisingly,shediscoveredawiderangeofreallygreatstuff-likeclothing,decorations,andfood-allofwhichshedocumentsonTikTok.UnderthenameTheTrashWalker,Sacksquicklygainedpopularityforhervideosthathighlighttheproblemswithconsumerism."Therootissueisoverproduction,whichleadstooverconsumption,whichleadstoalargeamountofwaste,"shesays.Thefactis,companiesoftenchoosetotrashitemsratherthangivethemawaytopeoplewhomightneedthem.Abigreasonforthiswasteisthewayourcurrenttaxlawsarestructured,Sackssays.Sellerswhodestroygoodscanclaimthecostasalossontheirtaxesandberefunded.Iftheygiveawaygoods,theycanclaimonlyasmallamountasacharitablereductionontheirtaxes.Sacks'mainfocusissimplygettingpeopletopayattentiontohowmanyunnecessarythingstheybuyandthenthrowaway."Onceyoubecomeawareofthewayyouconsume,youcanseewaysyouimprove,"shesays.24.AnnaSackspackedupherlifeandleftNewYorkto_____.A.leadahealthylifestyleB.observehowtogrowfoodC.pursueameaningfullifeD.volunteertoworkinabank25.WhatimpressedAnnaSacksmostabouttheAdamahprogram?A.Theimportanceoftrashwalking.B.Thesustainablefoodpeopleproduced.C.Thehardtruthaboutconsumerculture.D.Thewaypeopletheredealtwiththewaste.26.Whatmakescompaniesprefertothrowoutgoodsastrash?A.Thetaxreduction.B.Thequalityofgoods.C.Thetaxrefund.D.Theoverproduction.27.WhatcanwelearnfromAnnaSacks'story?A.Consumercultureaccountsforwasting.B.Corporatetrashoutweighsresidentialtrash.C.Trashwalkingisthekeytobecomingwealthy.D.Turningtofarmingleadstosustainableliving.CWeoftenthinkoffingerprintsasthetinyarchedpatternsonthetipofeachfinger.Theyareregardedasspecialmarkersofhumanidentity,evenmoreindividualizedthanDNA.Butnewresearchsuggestsourbrainshave"fingerprints"thatareequallyunchanginganduniquetoeachperson.Withmodernneuroimaging（神經(jīng)影像）techniques,scientistscantrackyourbrain'sdistinctsignaturecomposedoftensofthousandsofelectricalsignalsthatcommunicateacrossthebrain.Thefinalproductisapictureofbrain'selectricalactivitythatisdetailed,distinctanddifficulttochange.AccordingtoZackY.Shan,headoftheneuroimagingplatformattheThompsonInstitute,"Thebrainisasymphonyorchestra（交響樂團(tuán)）."Eachregionplaysauniqueinstrumentandadaptstoworkwithnearbytunesatthesametime.Thiscooperationleadstoourthoughtsandactions."Andnotwosymphoniessoundexactlyalike,"Shanadds.ArecentstudypublishedinSleepmapstheextentofthisneurodiversitythroughEEGsnapshots（腦電圖快照）,whichdescribethesleepingbrain'selectricalactivityaswavylines.LedbyMichaelPrerau,aprofessorofmedicineatHarvardMedicalSchool,theresearchersanalyzedbrainwavedataofsleepspindles,onetotwosecondsevidentneuralactivityassociatedwithourabilitytoturnshort-termmemoriesintolong-termmemories.ForDaraS.Manoach,aco-authoroftheSleepstudyandprofessorofpsychologyatHarvardMedicalSchool,thesleepingbrainisa"newfrontier"forstudyingthetreatmentofmemoryproblemsinneurologicaldisorders.ShenotesthatlackofsleepspindleactivitieshasbeenlinkedtodifferentmentaldiseaseslikeepilepsyandAlzheimer'sdisease.So,theresearcherscomparedtwonightsofsleeprecordingsfromhealthyparticipantstothosewithAlzheimer'sdisease.TheiranalysisrevealedthattheirbroadenedapproachtoanalyzingsleepspindlesalsocouldunearthnewbiologicalindicatorsforAlzheimer'sdisease."It'safirststeptobetterunderstandinghowthedisorderoperatesanddevelopingtargetedtreatments,"Manoachsays.Moreover,brainfingerprintsmayofferinspirationsthattraditionaltherapeutic（治療性的）observationcan't.Patientswithdifferentdiseasescanhavesimilarsymptoms."That'swhereneuroimagingcomesintoplay.Brainfingerprintsarewindowsintodistinguishingbetweentwopatientswhoseemidentical,"explainsDanHermens,aprofessorofneurobiologyattheThompsonInstitute.Inthewakeofincreasingreportsofmentaldisorders,thereistherapeuticpromise.Brainfingerprintingcouldofferapotentialwayoutofthedarkchapterandprovidenewpossibilitiesforthementalhealthcrisisusingbestevidence-basedpracticestoovercomeit.28.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebrain's"fingerprint"?A.Itcantrackelectricalsignalsinthebrain.B.Itreferstothepatternofthesurfaceofthebrain.C.Itconstructsanindividualizedmapofbrainstructure.D.Itshowstheuniqueimageofthebrain'selectricalactivity.29.Accordingtothepassage,thesleepingbrainisa"newfrontier"because_____.A.recordingbrainfingerprintsenhancesmemoryB.brainwavedatacanidentifyspecificmentalillnessesC.EEGcanformbiologicalindicatorsforhumanidentityD.neuroimagingpreventsthedevelopmentofmentaldisorders30.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.SleepFingerprintsPredictDiseaseOccurrenceB.SleepingBrains:IdeasandActionsControlledC.SleepFingerprints:BrainIdentityRevealedD.SleepingBrainsUncoverMemoryCodesDTheAgeofInformationismushrooming,perhapsevenbulging.Ifyoutriedtodownloadallthedataavailabletoday,you'dneedmorethan180millionyearstodoso.Butyouarewrongtoassumethatallthisinformationwouldstimulateaboostofinnovationtomatchtheoutputofdata.Indeed,thelasttimewefoundourselvesinaperiodofsignificantinnovation,pursuingtheideaswiththebiggestrk,wasmorethan120yearsago,inaperiodcalledtheAgeofInsight.Innovations,bothbigandsmall,startwithanewidea.Often,theseideasoccurasamomentofinsight-theresultofanovelconnectioninourbrainsmadebetweenexistingandnewinformation.Studiesshowinsightsinvolvequietsignalsdeepinthebrain,justunderthesurfaceofawareness.Anythingthathelpsusnoticequietsignals,suchastakingbreaksbetweenmeetings,onlyadoptingnecessarylearningapproachesoravoidingdistractionslikesocialmedia,canincreasethechanceofinsights.However,it'sbecomingmorechallengingtofindthosequietsignalswiththeincreasinguseoftechnology,fillingeverymomentwithemergenciesandanendlesssupplyofcontent.Besides,wealsowanttoincreasethequalityofthem-tobeabletosortthroughbignewideasandfindtheonesthathaverealvalue,whichcanbehardtomeasure.Launchedin2015,theEurekaScale（尤里卡量表）allowsustoassessthestrengthofourinsightexperiencesonafive-pointscale,whichismarkedbyintenseemotions,motivation,memoryadvantage,aftershocks,andfollowingideas.TheScalecombinesthesefivevariablesintoasinglevalueandallowsustodefinetheimportanceofanewidea.Thelevel-5insight,involvingtherichestemotion,motivation,andlastingimpact,holdsthegreatestsignificance.Becauseinsightsareoneofthebestwaystodriveengagement,innovation,andbehaviorchange,theEurekaScalehasbroadapplicationsformeasuringandimprovingindividualandorganizationalperformance.Moreimportantly,itcanbeusedtomeasuretheimpactofdifferentkindsofworkenvironmentsandlearningapproachesonparticipants'growth-bothinthemomentorafterward.Inorderfororganizationstobenefitfromanotherageofinsight,it'snotenoughtotrytoaccessmoredataorincreasethenumberofinsightswegenerate.Instead,it'saboutmakingceforthebiggestideastoemergefromalltheinformation.UsingthesharedlanguageoftheEurekaScaleasawaytomeasurehowimportantideasare,relativetoeachother,willenablebetterdecision-makingtowardpracticalandcompetitiveoutcomes.Andifwe'retoenteranewageofinsight,wemustdesignourenvironmentstoallowforthebestinsightpossibletosurface.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"bulging"inParagraph1probablymean?A.Stabilizing.B.Exploding.C.Shifting.D.Collapsing.32.Accordingtothepassage,howcanthepossibilityofinsightsbeincreased?A.Byengaginginongoingsocialmediainteractions.B.Byrelyingontechnologytoreceiveregularnotices.C.Bysteppingawayfromcomputersbetweenmeetings.D.Byparticipatinginadditionaltrainingandcoachingsessions.33.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.TheEurekaScalecontrolstheinfluenceofourinsights.B.Possessingminimalemotionalresponsesisalevel-5insight.C.Boththequantityandqualityofinsightsareessentialtoinnovation.D.Abreakthroughhasbeenmadeininnovationduetoawealthofinformation.34.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthecurrentenvironmentforinnovations?A.Uncertain.B.Optimistic.C.Unconcerned.D.Dissatisfied.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分,共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whenyougotoconcerts,youexpectyourfavoritemusiciantoperformamazinglyonstage.Butyoumayhavenoticedsomethingcuriousthatmostmusiciansdon'tjustplaywiththeirfingers.Theyalsoinvolvebodymovementsthatfitthesong'sbeatordancefollowingthemusic.35Thefacialexpressionsmusiciansshowwhenplayingmayseemstrangeorcrazytoanoutsider,butallthatpullingfacesmightactuallyserveapurpose.Firstly,playingamusicalinstrumentusuallyrequiresintensefocusandconcentration.36Theirfacialexpressionscanbeademonstrationoftheintenseemotionsandphysicaleffortthatgohand-in-handwithmusicalperformance.They'reoftensubconscious-infact,manyofuswillpullstrangefaceswhenwe'redeeplyinvolvedinanactivitywecareabout.37Musicianshaveastrongemotionalconnectionwiththemusictheyperform.Theyoftenusetheirfacialexpressionstoexpressthemoodandinterpretationofthemusic,whichcreatesamoreengagingmusicalexperience.Whilefacialexpressionsmaynotdirectlymakesomeoneabettermusician,theymightcontributetotheoverallartistryofthemusic.Performinglivemusicisaratherstressfulexperience,soitcouldbethattheperformerisexpressingthosenervesthroughtheirface-bitingthebottomlip,forexample.Luckily,nerveswilloftengoawaysoonafteramusicianstartsperforming.38Thefacialexpressionsobviouslytosomeextentexpresstheperformer'sinnerworld.Anotherinterestingthingisthatmakingfacialexpressionscanhaveaphysiologicalimpactonthemusician'sperformance.Someresearchsuggeststhatcertainfacialmovementscanactivatespecificmusclesandimprovemuscleharmonization.39However,it'simportanttonotethatthisrelationshipisstillnotwellunderstood,andtheextenttowhichfacialexpressionsdirectlyimpactmusicalcompetenceisasubjectofongoinginvestigation.A.Whenyou'rereallyfocused,youdon'tcareabouttheoutsideworld.B.Amongthemthepartofthebodythatbestexhibitsthisisobviouslytheface.C.Theylikelywon'tbethemaincauseforthosestrangefacesthroughoutaperformance.D.Sucheffectsareparticularlyhelpfulincontrollingmuscleswhenplayinganinstrument.E.Facialexpressionscanalsohelpmusicianscommunicateemotionsandartisticexpression.F.Musiciansareoftenovercomewithemotionfromthemusicitselforthereactionofthecrowd.G.Musiciansoftenenterastateof"flow",wheretheybecomecompletelyabsorbedinthemusicthey'recreating.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié),32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分,第42題3分,第43題5分,共12分）閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。Jokesandhumorareoftenconsideredunimportant.Thisisunderstandable:theyare,bydefinition,notserious.Yetjokesandhumorarebeneficialforhealththroughtheirstress-relievingproperties.Forexample,theycanstimulatebloodcirculationandaidmusclerelaxation,bothofwhichcanhelpreducestress.Butwhydowerespond,inpowerfulandrewardingways,tothingsthatareobjectivelymeaningless?Scientistshavespentyearsstudyinghowhumorworksinthebrainandonthevarioustypesofjokesthatproduceit.Puns,themostfamiliartypeofjokes,arewherespecificelementsoflanguageconveydifferentmeaningsatonce.Forexample,"Whydidthegolferweartwopairsoftrousers?Incasehegotaholeinone."Here"holeinone"hastwopossibleinterpretations:onepairisdamagedorsomeone'sballgoesintotheholethefirsttimehehitit.Wemaynotactuallylaughatthem,buttheirsimplicityandfamiliaritymakemostpeoplerecognizethehumorinpuns.Therefore,thebrain'shumorprocessesarestillengaged.Howdoeshumorarisefromthebrain?Ourbrainshavedevelopedasystemtorecognizewhenthingsdon'tmatchexpectations.Ifnormalityisoverturned,itmeanswedon'tknowwhat'sgoingtohappen,whichcreatestension.However,thesystemthatrecognizesincongruity（不一致）alsoresolvesit,byprovidinganexplanation,oratleastaconfirmationthattheincongruityhasnonegativeconsequences.Thisremovestheuncertainty,easingthetension.Afterthat,welearnsomethingnewandexpandourmentalmodel,experiencingarewardingfeeling.Basically,thankstothesecomplexsystemsinourbrains,humorcomesfromsomethingbeingsurprising,unexpectedorwronginsomeway,aslongastheincongruityisresolvedwithoutnegativeconsequences.Iftheincongruityisnotresolved,humorisabsent.Iftheanswerto"Whydidthegolferweartwopairsoftrousers?"is"incasethemetaleaglethatlivesinhisgoldbagattackshim",that'snotfunny.Thiswouldexplainwhyunrealhumorisoftenhardtogetright.40.Whatisthebenefitofjokesandhumor?41.Whycanpeoplerecognizethehumorinpuns?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.>Peoplecanworkouthumorfromsomethingbeingsurprising,unexpectedorwronginsomeway,aslongastheincongruityremainsunsolved.43.Apartfromthebenefitmentionedinthepassage,whatotherbene