Unit+8+Green+Living+Lesson+1+Grammar 高一英語北師大版（2019）必修第三冊

Unit8Lesson1RootsandShootsGrammar新課導入(1)Well,sayyouleavethetaprunningwhileyoubrushyourteeth…(2)Doyouwanttobeapartofacommunityforasharedfuture?(3)Onecheered-upperson,onehappydog,onefloweringplant,andyou.(4)ascientistwho’stheworld’sbest-knownexpertonwildchimpanzees...閱讀下面句子，體會下列劃線單詞。Doyouknowthefunctionsoftheverb-ingand-edforms?課堂學習Grammar分詞是非謂語動詞的一種在句中起形容詞和副詞的作用可以作表語、定語、狀語和賓語補足語等分詞有兩種：現(xiàn)在分詞(v.-ing)和過去分詞(v.-ed)分詞現(xiàn)在分詞&過去分詞分詞語義例句現(xiàn)在分詞主動、進行

developingcountry發(fā)展中國家

DoyouknowthewomantalkingtoTom?過去分詞被動、完成

developedcountry發(fā)達國家Thesoldierwoundedinthewarhasbecomeadoctor.分詞的句法功能（一）作表語

(predicative)分詞例句解讀現(xiàn)在分詞1.Hisfavoritesportisplayingbasketball.2.Thefilmisexciting.1.指一般性、經(jīng)常性的動作；2.表示主語所具有的特征或?qū)傩?，意為“令人……的”。過去分詞Hewasexcitedatthenews.常表示主語的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，意為“感到……的”。分詞的句法功能（二）作定語

(attributive)分詞例句解讀現(xiàn)在分詞TheyoungmansittingbetweenJohnandMaryisaneditor.

被修飾詞theyoungman與分詞sitting為邏輯上的主動關系，sit動作正在進行。過去分詞Theproblemdiscussedyesterdayhasbeensolved.被修飾詞theproblem與分詞discussed為邏輯上的被動關系，discuss動作已經(jīng)完成?！咀⒁狻?.過去分詞作定語在意義上有兩種可能：表示被動和完成或者只表示完成，如fallenleaves(落葉)。2.分詞作定語常常相當于一個定語從句。如：Thosewishingtojointhisclubshouldsignhere.=Thosewhowishtojointheclubshouldsignhere.Theman,disturbedsobadly,almostlosthismemory.

=Theman,

whowasdisturbedsobadly,almostlosthismemory.分詞的句法功能（三）作賓語補足語(objectcomplement)分詞用法例句解讀現(xiàn)在分詞常跟分詞作賓補的動詞有感官動詞和使役動詞，以及其他如keep,find,leave等。Iheardthem

singingintheclassroom.被修飾詞them與分詞singing為邏輯上的主動關系。過去分詞Iwillgetmyhair

cutthisafternoon.被修飾詞myhair與分詞cut為邏輯上的被動關系。分詞的句法功能（四）作狀語

(adverbial)分詞例句解讀現(xiàn)在分詞Seeingfromthetopofthetower,wecanseeabeautifulfactory.分詞seeing與主語we為邏輯上的主動關系。過去分詞Seenfromthetopofthetower,thefactorylooksbeautiful.分詞seen與主語thefactory為邏輯上的被動關系?！咀⒁狻糠衷~作狀語可以轉(zhuǎn)化成相應的狀語從句，如：1.Takingakeyoutofhispocket,heopenedthedoor.=Afterhetookakeyoutofhispocket,heopenedthedoor.2.

Bornintoapoorfamily,hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling.=Ashewasbornintoapoorfamily,hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling.3.Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.=Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.4.Hearingthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.=Whentheyheardthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.Matchthewordsinbold(1-4)withtheirfunctions(a-c).91onefloweringplant2leaveonelittletaprunning3theworld’sbest-knownexpert4Inspiredbyherexample,hebegantoworkharder.aattributivebadverbialcobjectcomplementCompletethetextwiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.Whatisthefunctionofeachverbform?10LastTuesday,aRoots&Shootsprojectwassetupinmycommunity.AsIwalkeddownNo.1Street,Isawvolunteers1____________(encourage)peopletojoinin.2_________(inspire)bythemessageoftheproject,manypeoplefeltthatweshouldactnow,aswehaveseenan3___________(increase)numberofhighly4__________(pollute)daysthisyear.Whilerecently,manyhavebecomemoreconcernedaboutenvironmentalprotection,therearestillsomewhohaven’t,5________(think)thatsomeoneelsewilldealwiththeproblem.However,ifeverybodyhadthatattitude,wewouldneverseeanyenvironmentalproblems6________(solve)inoursociety.Weshouldremember—it’snotjust“me”!encouragingInspiredincreasingpollutedthinkingsolvedobjectcomplementadverbialattributiveattributiveadverbialobjectcomplementExpressYourselfImagineyouareavolunteerofRoots&Shoots.Usewhatyouhavelearnttopersuadeoneofthefollowingpeople.I’mjustastudent.WhenIbecomeapowerfulpersonIcandomore.I’mdoingwhatIcan,b