圖騰文化課件

totemculture圖騰文化1目錄QuestionTotemCultureinChineseTraditionalCultureRecommendabookabouttotemswhatistotemculture壹貳叁肆2壹TotemThe"totem"comesfromtheIndianwordtotem,whichisderived(導(dǎo)出）fromthenorthAmericanArgonauts(北美阿爾貢金人）dialectototeman,meaning"itsrelatives,""itsmark,"and"hisclan,"theequivalentofanentiretribe（部落）.TheChinesetransliterationofthewordwasfirstusedbyYanFuin1903whenhetranslatedintoEnglishMarkShanks'sbookthe

commonpassageofsociety《社會(huì)通詮》.Inhistranslation,henotonlyfollowedthetransliterationmethod,butalsointegrated（集合，兼容）themysteriousmeaningoftheword,sohefinallytranslatedtheEnglish"totem"into"圖騰".3圖騰文化Asakindofworshipobject,thetotempeoplevalueisnotitsnaturalimageitself,butthebloodrelationshipitembodies.Forintheprimitiveman'sconception,theygenerallybelievedthatthisclanoriginatedfromaparticularspecies:animals,plants,orotherspecies,etc.,andbelievedthattheyhadasupernaturalpowertoprotectthemselvesatalltimes,andthattheycouldalsogainstrengthandskillsfromthem.4圖騰文化Therefore,theyregardananimal,plantornon-livingcreatureastheirancestors,relatives,andeventheprotectiongodoftheirtribe.Thatistosay,intheeyesofprimitive（原始的）man,totemisnolongertheoriginalanimalorplantinnature,butistheobjectofworshippersonified.Therefore,somescholarsputforwardsuchastatement:totemworshipisnottheworshipofanimalsandplants,buttheworshipofancestors.Forthisreason,manytribes,clans,familiesandotherorganizationshavenamedtheirtotemsandadoptedtotemsastheirmarks.5貳TotemcultureinChinesetraditionalculture6DragonTheworshipofthedragonhasbeenaspecialphenomenonforthousandsofyearsinChinesehistory.IntheeyesoftheChinesepeople,thedragonhasanextraordinaryability.Ithasscales,horns,teethandclaws.Hehasthepowerofnaturetomakecloudsandrain,andtomakethunderandlightning.Theimageofthedragonthatpeoplehaveexpressedtodayistheperfectformofthedragonimage.7

pottery

Paintedpotteryisoneofthemosteye-catchingartoftheNeolithicAge（新石器時(shí)代）.Theanimalprintsinsideareespeciallyrich.Commonfish,bird,gecko（壁虎）,frog,pig,sheep,etc.areintheCentralPlainsoftheYellowRiverBasininChinatheWeiheRiverBasinandtheCentralPlains（平地）oftheWeiheRiverBasin.

Animalswithanimalprintsarepainted.Fishpatternisoneofthemostcommonimages.The

humanfacefish-paintedpotterypot（人面魚(yú)紋彩陶盆）isagoodexample.8Thehumanfacefish-paintedpotterypotDawenkoutriangularpatternpaintedpotterypotTaiwanpaiwanpotterypot,andhousetotemPhoenix'sPrototype9Totemcalendar（圖騰日歷）漢族：鼠、牛、虎、兔、龍、蛇、馬、羊、猴、雞、狗、豬蒙古族：鼠、牛、虎、兔、龍、蛇、馬、羊、猴、雞、狗、豬哈薩克族：鼠、牛、虎、兔、龍、蛇、馬、羊、猴、雞、狗、豬維吾爾族：鼠、牛、虎、兔、魚(yú)、蛇、馬、羊、猴、雞、狗、豬傣族：象、牛、虎、鼠、龍、蛇、馬、蟻、猿、雞、狗、豬貴西彝族：龍、鳳、馬、蟻、人、雞、狗、豬、雀、牛、虎、蛇哀牢山彝族：虎、兔、穿山甲、蛇、馬、羊、猴、雞、狗、豬、鼠、牛海南通什毛道村黎族：鼠、牛、蟲(chóng)、兔、龍、魚(yú)、肉、人、猴、雞、狗、豬古印度：鼠、牛、獅、兔、龍、蛇、馬、羊、猴、雞、狗、豬古巴比倫：貓、犬、蛇、蜣螂、驢、獅、公羊、公牛、隼、猴、鱷、紅鶴古埃及：牦牛、山羊、獅、驢、蟹、蛇、狗、貓、鱷、紅鶴、猿、鷹10叁Recommendabookabouttotems11

"ChineseTotemCulture"isabookcompiledbyHeXingliangandpublishedbyChinaSocialSciencePress.Itmainlyintroducesthecolorful,strangeandinterestingtotemculturephenomenonof