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2024年高等教育公共課自考-00012英語(一)歷年考試高頻考點試題附帶答案(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)第1卷一.參考題庫(共25題)1.TrueFriendship-Recognition Howcanwefindtruefriendshipinthisoftenphony,temporaryworld?Friendshipinvolvesrecognitionorfamiliaritywithanother'spersonality.Friendsoftensharelikesanddislikes,interests,pursuits,andpassion. Howcanwerecognizepotentialfriendship?Signsincludeamutualdesireforcompanionshipandperhapsacommonbondofsomekind.Beyondthat,genuinefriendshipinvolvesasharedsenseofcaringandconcern,adesiretoseeoneanothergrowanddevelop,andahopeforeachothertosucceedinallaspectsoflife.Truefriendshipinvolvesaction:doingsomethingforsomeoneelsewhileexpectingnothinginreturn;sharingthoughtsandfeelingswithoutfearofjudgementornegativecriticism. TrueFriendship-Relationship,Trust,Accountability Truefriendshipinvolvesrelationship.Thosemutualattributeswementionedabovebecomethefoundationinwhichrecognitiontranspiresintorelationship.Manypeoplesay,"Oh,he'sagoodfriendofmine,"yettheynevertaketimetospendtimewiththat"goodfriend."Friendshiptakestime:timetogettoknoweachother,timetobuildsharedmemories,timetoinvestineachother'sgrowth. Trustisessentialtotruefriendship.Weallneedsomeonewithwhomwecanshareourlives,thoughts,feelings,andfrustrations.Weneedtobeabletoshareourdeepestsecretswithsomeone,withoutworryingthatthosesecretswillendupontheInternetthenextday!Failingtobetrustworthywiththoseintimatesecretscandestroyafriendshipinahurry.Faithfulnessandloyaltyarekeystotruefriendship.Withoutthem,weoftenfeelbetrayed,leftout,andlonely.Intruefriendship,thereisnobackbiting,nonegativethoughts,noturningaway. Truefriendshiprequirescertainaccountabilityfactors.Realfriendsencourageoneanotherandforgiveoneanotherwheretherehasbeenanoffense.Genuinefriendshipsupportsduringtimesofstruggle.Friendsaredependable.Intruefriendship,unconditionallovedevelops.Weloveourfriendsnomatterwhatandwealwayswantthebestforourfriends.Friendshiptakestime.()A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven2.DrugOveruse ①Nowadays,millionsofpeoplemisuseandevenoverusepainmedicationsandotherdrugs.ResearchbytheAmericanNationalInstituteonDrugAbuse(NIDA,1999)showsthataround2%ofthepopulationoverage12wereusingdrugsnon-medically. ②NIDAviewsmedicationsasapowerfulforceforgoodinthecontemporaryworld.Theyreduceandremovepainformillionsofpeoplesufferingfromillnessanddisease.Theymakeitpossiblefordoctorstoperformcomplicatedsurgerytosavelives.Manypeopleafflictedbyseriousmedicalconditionsareabletocontroltheirsymptomsandbecomeactive,contributingcitizens.NIDApointsoutthatmostindividualswhotakethesedragsusetheminaresponsible. ③Nevertheless,overuseofdrugssuchasopioids,centralnervoussystem(CNS)depressantsandstimulantsdoesleadtoharmfulrelianceinsomepeopleandisthereforebecomingaseriouspublichealthconcern.Althoughthisabuseaffectsmanypeopleworldwide,particulartrendsofconcerntothemedicalprofessionintheUSappearamongolderadults,teenagersaridwomen. ④Thoughitmaybeasurprisetomany,themisuseofmedicationsmaybethemostcommonformofdrugabuseamongtheelderly.DrKennethSchraderofDukeUniversity,NorthCarolinastatesthatalthoughtheelderlyrepresentabout13%oftheUSpopulation,thoseaged65andoveraccountfortheconsumptionofonethirdofalldrugs.Peopleinthisagegroupusemedicationsroughlythreetimesmorethanthegeneralpopulationandhavepoorercompliancewithinstructionforuse.Inanotherstudyofelderlypatientsadmittedtotreatmentprograms,70%werewomenwhohadoverusedmedicines. ⑤Unfortunately,thistrendamongwomendoesnotonlyaffectthoseagedover.Ingeneral,amongwomenandmenwhoareusingeitherananti-anxietydrugorasedative,womenaretwiceaslikelytobecomeaddicted.Inaddition,statisticscompiledfor12—17yearoldsshowthatteenagegirlsaremorelikelythanteenageboystobeginoverusingpsychotherapeuticmedicationsuchaspainkillers,tranquillizers,stimulantsandsedatives.Anotherstudyresearchessomepeople,ofwhich70%ofwomenhad().A、teenageboysB、fromdiseasesC、getaddictedD、therecordofmedicinesoverusingE、useinstructionF、arealienandutterlyforeign3.TrueFriendship YoungadultfilmmakersallhopetoshowtheirworksininternationalfestivalslikeSundanceandToronto.Butwhataboutreallyyoungfilmmakerswhoaren'tinfilmschoolyetandaren't,strictlyspeaking,evenadults? TheyareattheheartofWingspanArtsKidsFilmFestival,tomorrow,inasettinganydirectormightenvy:LincolnCenter.Completewith"redcarpet"interviewsandvariousawards,thefestivalhasmuchincommonwitheventsformoreexperiencedmoviemakers,exceptfortheageoftheparticipants:about8to18. "What'sreallyexcitingisthatit'sfilmforkidsbykids,"saidCoriGardner,managingdirectorofWingspanArts,a nonprofitorganizationofferingyouthprogramsintheNewYorkarea.ThisyearthefestivalwillincludefilmsnotonlyfromWingspanbutalsofromothercityorganizationsandonefromamiddleschoolinArlington,Virginia."Wewanttomakethisanationalevent."Ms.Gardneradded. ThenineshortstobeshownrangefromaClaymationbiographyofB.B.Kingtoasciencefictionadventuresetintheyear3005."Alotofthematerialisreallymature,"Ms.Gardnersaid,talkingaboutfilmsbytheNewYorkCitybranchofGlobalActionProject,amediaartsandleadership-traininggroup."TheChoiceisaboutthehistoryofafamilyandMasterAnti-Smokerisabouttheangersofsecond-handsmoke."DreamoftheInvisiblesdescribesyoungimmigrants'(移民)feelingsofbothbelongingandnotbelongingintheiradoptedcountry. Thefestivalwillendwithanopenreceptionatwhichotherfilmswillbeshown.Theseincludeamusicvideoandafull-lengthfilmwhosetitleisPressures.Ms.Gardnerwantstomakethisanationalevent.()A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven4.DrugOveruse ①Nowadays,millionsofpeoplemisuseandevenoverusepainmedicationsandotherdrugs.ResearchbytheAmericanNationalInstituteonDrugAbuse(NIDA,1999)showsthataround2%ofthepopulationoverage12wereusingdrugsnon-medically. ②NIDAviewsmedicationsasapowerfulforceforgoodinthecontemporaryworld.Theyreduceandremovepainformillionsofpeoplesufferingfromillnessanddisease.Theymakeitpossiblefordoctorstoperformcomplicatedsurgerytosavelives.Manypeopleafflictedbyseriousmedicalconditionsareabletocontroltheirsymptomsandbecomeactive,contributingcitizens.NIDApointsoutthatmostindividualswhotakethesedragsusetheminaresponsible. ③Nevertheless,overuseofdrugssuchasopioids,centralnervoussystem(CNS)depressantsandstimulantsdoesleadtoharmfulrelianceinsomepeopleandisthereforebecomingaseriouspublichealthconcern.Althoughthisabuseaffectsmanypeopleworldwide,particulartrendsofconcerntothemedicalprofessionintheUSappearamongolderadults,teenagersaridwomen. ④Thoughitmaybeasurprisetomany,themisuseofmedicationsmaybethemostcommonformofdrugabuseamongtheelderly.DrKennethSchraderofDukeUniversity,NorthCarolinastatesthatalthoughtheelderlyrepresentabout13%oftheUSpopulation,thoseaged65andoveraccountfortheconsumptionofonethirdofalldrugs.Peopleinthisagegroupusemedicationsroughlythreetimesmorethanthegeneralpopulationandhavepoorercompliancewithinstructionforuse.Inanotherstudyofelderlypatientsadmittedtotreatmentprograms,70%werewomenwhohadoverusedmedicines. ⑤Unfortunately,thistrendamongwomendoesnotonlyaffectthoseagedover.Ingeneral,amongwomenandmenwhoareusingeitherananti-anxietydrugorasedative,womenaretwiceaslikelytobecomeaddicted.Inaddition,statisticscompiledfor12—17yearoldsshowthatteenagegirlsaremorelikelythanteenageboystobeginoverusingpsychotherapeuticmedicationsuchaspainkillers,tranquillizers,stimulantsandsedatives.Teenagegirlsaremorelikelythan()tobeginpsychotherapeuticmedicationoverusing.A、teenageboysB、fromdiseasesC、getaddictedD、therecordofmedicinesoverusingE、useinstructionF、arealienandutterlyforeign5.AdvertisingtoChildren (1)Notonlyaretheyeasilyswayedbyadvertising,theyarealsopersuasiveinencouragingtheirparentstobuyaproduct.Ifachildwantssomethingintheirkid'slocker,theywillprodandannoytheirparentsuntiltheygetwhattheywant.(2)Allittakesisalittlesuggestionfromasingleadvertisementtosendthemontheirway. (3)Inacampaignentitled"KidsaretheStar",itsemployeeswereencouragedtopayspecialattentiontochildrenandtomakesuretheyhadapositiveexperiencewhileeatingatitsrestaurants.Thereasonforthis,naturally,wasnotthattheMcDonald'scorporationcareddeeplyaboutthewell-beingofchildreneverywhere,butthatthepester-powerthatchildrenhaveisextraordinarilyeffectiveatbringingtheirparentsbackformorevisits. Thewaythatadvertiserstargetchildrenissimplebig,brightlights,happypeopleandanimatedcharactersareallthatisneededtoencouragechildrentothinkacertainproductissomethingtheywant.(4)TheydonotrealizethatRonaldMcDonaldisjustaguyinaCostumandmake-up,andthatbehindthecounterofeveryMcDonald'sisabunchofkidsworkinginuncomfortableconditionsforlowpay. Thisposesarealmoraldilemmaforthosewhomaketheadvertisingdecisions,oratleastitshould.(5)Howdoyousaynotoanopportunitytoreachsuchawideaudienceofchildren,whoactasadvertisersthemselveswhentheyencourageotherchildrenandtheirparentstobuyaparticularproduct?3.()A、Whilemanipulatingchildrenintobelievinglies,especiallyencouragingthemtoeatunhealthyfoods,isobviouslybad,thepurposeofbusinessistomakemoneyB、ThesuperficialreactionschildrengetfromeatingMcDonald'slastaboutaslongastheyareattheplaceC、McDonald'satonestageadvisedemployeestospecificallytargetchildrenD、ChildrenareaprimetargetforadvertisersandsalesmenacrosstheworldE、AnyonewhohasseenachildpesteritsparentsknowsthelengthschildrencangotoF、Thisisbecausechildrenarenaive;theygenuinelybelievewhatanadvertisertellsthem6.TrueFriendship-Recognition Howcanwefindtruefriendshipinthisoftenphony,temporaryworld?Friendshipinvolvesrecognitionorfamiliaritywithanother'spersonality.Friendsoftensharelikesanddislikes,interests,pursuits,andpassion. Howcanwerecognizepotentialfriendship?Signsincludeamutualdesireforcompanionshipandperhapsacommonbondofsomekind.Beyondthat,genuinefriendshipinvolvesasharedsenseofcaringandconcern,adesiretoseeoneanothergrowanddevelop,andahopeforeachothertosucceedinallaspectsoflife.Truefriendshipinvolvesaction:doingsomethingforsomeoneelsewhileexpectingnothinginreturn;sharingthoughtsandfeelingswithoutfearofjudgementornegativecriticism. TrueFriendship-Relationship,Trust,Accountability Truefriendshipinvolvesrelationship.Thosemutualattributeswementionedabovebecomethefoundationinwhichrecognitiontranspiresintorelationship.Manypeoplesay,"Oh,he'sagoodfriendofmine,"yettheynevertaketimetospendtimewiththat"goodfriend."Friendshiptakestime:timetogettoknoweachother,timetobuildsharedmemories,timetoinvestineachother'sgrowth. Trustisessentialtotruefriendship.Weallneedsomeonewithwhomwecanshareourlives,thoughts,feelings,andfrustrations.Weneedtobeabletoshareourdeepestsecretswithsomeone,withoutworryingthatthosesecretswillendupontheInternetthenextday!Failingtobetrustworthywiththoseintimatesecretscandestroyafriendshipinahurry.Faithfulnessandloyaltyarekeystotruefriendship.Withoutthem,weoftenfeelbetrayed,leftout,andlonely.Intruefriendship,thereisnobackbiting,nonegativethoughts,noturningaway. Truefriendshiprequirescertainaccountabilityfactors.Realfriendsencourageoneanotherandforgiveoneanotherwheretherehasbeenanoffense.Genuinefriendshipsupportsduringtimesofstruggle.Friendsaredependable.Intruefriendship,unconditionallovedevelops.Weloveourfriendsnomatterwhatandwealwayswantthebestforourfriends.Friendsoftensharelikesanddislikes,interests,pursuits,andpassion.()A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven7.LiteracyVolunteer LastsummerIwentthroughatrainingprogramandbecamealiteracyvolunteer(掃盲志愿者).ThetrainingIreceived,thoughexcellent,didnottellmehowitwastoworkwitharealstudent,however.WhenIbegantodiscoverwhatotherpeople'sliveswerelikebecausetheycouldnotread,Irealizedthetrueimportanceofreading. MyfirststudentJanewasa44-year-oldsinglemotherofthree.Inthefirstlesson,Ifoundoutshewalkedtwomilestothenearestsupermarkettwiceaweekbecauseshedidn'tknowwhichbustotake.WhenItoldherIwouldgetherabusschedule,shetoldmeitwouldnothelpbecauseshecouldnotreadit.Shesaidshealsohaddifficultyonceshegottothesupermarketbecauseshecouldn'talwaysrememberwhatsheneeded.Sinceshedidnotknowwords,shecouldnotwriteoutashoppinglist.Also,shecouldonlyrecognizeitemsbytheirlabels.Asaresult,iftheproducthadadifferentlabel,shewouldnotrecognizeitastheproductshewanted. Asweworkedtogether,learninghowtoreadbuiltJane'sself-confidence,whichencouragedhertocontinueinherstudies.Shebegantomakerapidprogressandwasevenabletotakethebustothesupermarket.Afterthissuccessfultrip,shereportedhowself-confidentshefelt.Attheendoftheprogram,shebeganhelpingheryoungestson,Tony,ashyfirstgrader,withhisreading.Shesatwithhimbeforehewenttosleepandtogethertheywouldreadbedtimestories.Whenhiseyesbecamewidewithexcitementasshereadpridewaswrittenalloverherface,andshebegantoseehowherownhardworkinlearningtoreadpaidoff.Asshedescribedthisexperience,Iwasproudofmyself,too.IfoundthathelpingJanetobuildherself-confidencewasmorerewardingthananythingIhadeverdonebefore. Asaliteracyvolunteer,Ilearnedagreatdealaboutteachingandhelpingothers.Infact,ImayhavelearnedmorefromtheexperiencethanJanedid.Afterhersuccessfultriptothesupermarket,Janereportedhowself-confidentshefelt.()A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven8.MelissaPoe MelissaPoewas9yearsoldwhenshe(31)acampaignforacleanerenvironmentbywritingalettertothethenPresidentBush.Throughherownefforts,herletterwasreproducedonover250donatedbillboards(廣告牌)(32)thecountry. Theresponsetoherpleahelpwasso(33)thatPoeestablishedKidsForACleanerEnvironment(KidsF.A.C.E.)in1989.Therearenow300,000(34)ofKidsF.A.C.E.worldwideandistheworldslargestyouthenvironmentalorganization. PoehasalsopetitionedtheNationalParkServiceto(35)a"Children'sForest"projectineverynationalpark.In1992,shewasinvitedasoneofonlysixchildrenintheworldtospeakattheEarthSummitinBrazilaspartoftheVoicesoftheFutureProgram.In1993,shewasgivenaCaringAwardforher(36)bytheCaringInstitute. Sincetheorganizationstarted,KidsF.A.C.B.membershavedistributedandplantedover1million,trees!Ongoingtree-plantingprojectsincludethe(37)ofKid'sYards-backyardwildlifehabitats(棲息地)-andKidF.A.C.E.isinvolvedintheexcitingEarthOdyssey,whichisagreatwaytostarthelping. "Startingtheclub(38)outtobeawaytohelppeoplegetinvolvedwiththeenvironment-clubmembersstarteddoingthingslikerecycling,pickinguplitterandplantingtreesaswellasinvitingotherkidstojointheirclub." "Wetrytotellkidsthatit'snotOKtobelazy,"sheexplains."Youneedtostartbeingaresponsible,environmentally(39)personnow,rightaway,(40)youbecomearesource-suckingadult.”40.()A、creationB、acrossC、implementD、beforeE、membersF、beganG、turnedH、purposeI、overwhelmingJ、effortsK、friendlyL、professional9.LiteracyVolunteer LastsummerIwentthroughatrainingprogramandbecamealiteracyvolunteer(掃盲志愿者).ThetrainingIreceived,thoughexcellent,didnottellmehowitwastoworkwitharealstudent,however.WhenIbegantodiscoverwhatotherpeople'sliveswerelikebecausetheycouldnotread,Irealizedthetrueimportanceofreading. MyfirststudentJanewasa44-year-oldsinglemotherofthree.Inthefirstlesson,Ifoundoutshewalkedtwomilestothenearestsupermarkettwiceaweekbecauseshedidn'tknowwhichbustotake.WhenItoldherIwouldgetherabusschedule,shetoldmeitwouldnothelpbecauseshecouldnotreadit.Shesaidshealsohaddifficultyonceshegottothesupermarketbecauseshecouldn'talwaysrememberwhatsheneeded.Sinceshedidnotknowwords,shecouldnotwriteoutashoppinglist.Also,shecouldonlyrecognizeitemsbytheirlabels.Asaresult,iftheproducthadadifferentlabel,shewouldnotrecognizeitastheproductshewanted. Asweworkedtogether,learninghowtoreadbuiltJane'sself-confidence,whichencouragedhertocontinueinherstudies.Shebegantomakerapidprogressandwasevenabletotakethebustothesupermarket.Afterthissuccessfultrip,shereportedhowself-confidentshefelt.Attheendoftheprogram,shebeganhelpingheryoungestson,Tony,ashyfirstgrader,withhisreading.Shesatwithhimbeforehewenttosleepandtogethertheywouldreadbedtimestories.Whenhiseyesbecamewidewithexcitementasshereadpridewaswrittenalloverherface,andshebegantoseehowherownhardworkinlearningtoreadpaidoff.Asshedescribedthisexperience,Iwasproudofmyself,too.IfoundthathelpingJanetobuildherself-confidencewasmorerewardingthananythingIhadeverdonebefore. Asaliteracyvolunteer,Ilearnedagreatdealaboutteachingandhelpingothers.Infact,ImayhavelearnedmorefromtheexperiencethanJanedid.Shecouldwriteoutashoppinglist.()A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven10.MelissaPoe MelissaPoewas9yearsoldwhenshe(31)acampaignforacleanerenvironmentbywritingalettertothethenPresidentBush.Throughherownefforts,herletterwasreproducedonover250donatedbillboards(廣告牌)(32)thecountry. Theresponsetoherpleahelpwasso(33)thatPoeestablishedKidsForACleanerEnvironment(KidsF.A.C.E.)in1989.Therearenow300,000(34)ofKidsF.A.C.E.worldwideandistheworldslargestyouthenvironmentalorganization. PoehasalsopetitionedtheNationalParkServiceto(35)a"Children'sForest"projectineverynationalpark.In1992,shewasinvitedasoneofonlysixchildrenintheworldtospeakattheEarthSummitinBrazilaspartoftheVoicesoftheFutureProgram.In1993,shewasgivenaCaringAwardforher(36)bytheCaringInstitute. Sincetheorganizationstarted,KidsF.A.C.B.membershavedistributedandplantedover1million,trees!Ongoingtree-plantingprojectsincludethe(37)ofKid'sYards-backyardwildlifehabitats(棲息地)-andKidF.A.C.E.isinvolvedintheexcitingEarthOdyssey,whichisagreatwaytostarthelping. "Startingtheclub(38)outtobeawaytohelppeoplegetinvolvedwiththeenvironment-clubmembersstarteddoingthingslikerecycling,pickinguplitterandplantingtreesaswellasinvitingotherkidstojointheirclub." "Wetrytotellkidsthatit'snotOKtobelazy,"sheexplains."Youneedtostartbeingaresponsible,environmentally(39)personnow,rightaway,(40)youbecomearesource-suckingadult.”34.()A、creationB、acrossC、implementD、beforeE、membersF、beganG、turnedH、purposeI、overwhelmingJ、effortsK、friendlyL、professional11.ABridgeforSquirrels SanFranciscohasitscablecars.SeattlehasitsSpaceNeedle.And,Longviewhasitssquirrelbridge.Thebridge,whichhasattractedinternationalattention,isnowalocallandmark. TheNuttyNarrowsBridgewasbuiltin1963byalocalbuilder,AmosPeters,togivesquirrelsawaytocrossthebusyroadwithoutgettingflattenedbypassingcars. TheoriginalbridgewasbuiltoverOlympiaWayonthewestedgeofthelibrarygrounds.Beforethebridgewasbuilt,squirrelshadtoavoidtraffictoandfromtheParkPlazaofficebuildingwhereofficestaffputoutanuttyfeastforthesquirrels.Manytimes,PetersandotherswhoworkedinandnearParkPlazawitnessedsquirrelsbeingrunover. OnedayPetersfoundadeadsquirrelwithanutstillinitsmouth,andthatday'scoffeebreakdiscussionturnedintosquirrelsafety.ThegroupofbusinessmencookedupthesquirrelbridgeideaandformedacommitteetoasktheblessingoftheCityCouncil(市政會).TheCouncilapproved,andCouncilwomanBessLaRivierejokinglynamedthebridge"NuttyNarrows". Afterarchitectsdesignedthebridge,AmosPetersandBillHutchstartedconstruction.Theybuiltthe60-footbridgefromaluminumandlengthsoffirehose(消防水帶).Itcost1000. Itdidn'ttakelongbeforereportsofsquirrelsusingthebridgestarted.Squirrelswereevenseenguidingtheiryoungandteachingthemtheropes.Thestorywaspickedupbythemedia,andNuttyNarrowsbecameknowninnewspapersallovertheworld. In1983,after20yearsofuse,Peterstookdowntheworn-outbridge.Repairsweremadeandcrosspieceswerereplaced.ThefadedsignwasrepaintedandinJuly1983,hundredsofanimalloversattendedthecompletionceremonyofthenewbridge. Petersdiedin1984,andaten-footwoodensquirrelsculpturewasplacednearthebridgeinmemoryofitsbuilderandhisdevotiontotheproject.TheNuttyNarrowsBridgewasbuiltinorderto().A、offersquirrelsaplacetoeatnutsB、setupalocallandmarkC、helpimprovetrafficD、protectsquirrels12.Camping Campingwildisawonderfulwaytoexperiencethenaturalworldand,atitsbest,itmakeslittleenvironmentalinfluence.Butwithincreasingnumbersofpeoplewantingtoescapeintothewilderness,itisbecomingmoreandmoreimportanttocampunobtrusively(不引人注目地)andleavenomark. Wildcampingisnotpermittedinmanyplaces,particularlyincrowdedlowlandBritain.Whereveryouare,findoutaboutorganizationsresponsibleformanagingwildspaces,andcontactthemtofindouttheirpolicyoncampingandshelterbuilding.Forexample,itisfinetocampwildinremotepartsofScotland,butinEnglandyoumustaskthelandowner'spermission,exceptinnationalparks. Campingisabouthavingrelaxation,sleepingoutdoors,experiencingbadweather,andmakingdowithoutmodernconveniences.Abusy,fully-equippedcampsite(野營地)seemstogoagainstthis,soseekoutsmaller,moreremoteplaceswitheasyaccesstoopenspacesandperhapsbeaches.Betterstill,findacampsitewithnoroadaccess:walkinginmakesarealadventure. Findingtherightspottocampisthefirststeptoguaranteeingagoodnight'ssleep.Chooseacampsitewithprivacyandminimuminfluenceonothersandtheenvironment.Trytouseanareawherepeoplehaveobviouslycampedbeforeratherthancreatinganewspot.Whencampinginwoodland,avoidstandingdeadtrees,whichmayfallonawindynight.Avoidanimalrunsandcaves,andpossiblehomesofbitinginsects.Makesureyouhavemostprotectiononthewindwardside.Ifyoumakeafire,dosodownwindofyourshelter,alwaysconsiderwhatinfluenceyoumighthaveonthenaturalworld.Avoiddamagingplants.Agoodcampsiteisfound,notmade—changingitshouldbeunnecessary.Campingisrelaxationwiththehelpofmodernconveniences.()A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven13.DrugOveruse ①Nowadays,millionsofpeoplemisuseandevenoverusepainmedicationsandotherdrugs.ResearchbytheAmericanNationalInstituteonDrugAbuse(NIDA,1999)showsthataround2%ofthepopulationoverage12wereusingdrugsnon-medically. ②NIDAviewsmedicationsasapowerfulforceforgoodinthecontemporaryworld.Theyreduceandremovepainformillionsofpeoplesufferingfromillnessanddisease.Theymakeitpossiblefordoctorstoperformcomplicatedsurgerytosavelives.Manypeopleafflictedbyseriousmedicalconditionsareabletocontroltheirsymptomsandbecomeactive,contributingcitizens.NIDApointsoutthatmostindividualswhotakethesedragsusetheminaresponsible. ③Nevertheless,overuseofdrugssuchasopioids,centralnervoussystem(CNS)depressantsandstimulantsdoesleadtoharmfulrelianceinsomepeopleandisthereforebecomingaseriouspublichealthconcern.Althoughthisabuseaffectsmanypeopleworldwide,particulartrendsofconcerntothemedicalprofessionintheUSappearamongolderadults,teenagersaridwomen. ④Thoughitmaybeasurprisetomany,themisuseofmedicationsmaybethemostcommonformofdrugabuseamongtheelderly.DrKennethSchraderofDukeUniversity,NorthCarolinastatesthatalthoughtheelderlyrepresentabout13%oftheUSpopulation,thoseaged65andoveraccountfortheconsumptionofonethirdofalldrugs.Peopleinthisagegroupusemedicationsroughlythreetimesmorethanthegeneralpopulationandhavepoorercompliancewithinstructionforuse.Inanotherstudyofelderlypatientsadmittedtotreatmentprograms,70%werewomenwhohadoverusedmedicines. ⑤Unfortunately,thistrendamongwomendoesnotonlyaffectthoseagedover.Ingeneral,amongwomenandmenwhoareusingeitherananti-anxietydrugorasedative,womenaretwiceaslikelytobecomeaddicted.Inaddition,statisticscompiledfor12—17yearoldsshowthatteenagegirlsaremorelikelythanteenageboystobeginoverusingpsychotherapeuticmedicationsuchaspainkillers,tranquillizers,stimulantsandsedatives.Somepeopleusemedicationsaboutacoupleoftimesmorethantheaveragepeoplebutwithlesscompliancewith().A、teenageboysB、fromdiseasesC、getaddictedD、therecordofmedicinesoverusingE、useinstructionF、arealienandutterlyforeign14.AdvertisingtoChildren (1)Notonlyaretheyeasilyswayedbyadvertising,theyarealsopersuasiveinencouragingtheirparentstobuyaproduct.Ifachildwantssomethingintheirkid'slocker,theywillprodandannoytheirparentsuntiltheygetwhattheywant.(2)Allittakesisalittlesuggestionfromasingleadvertisementtosendthemontheir
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