高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)31閱讀之科普知識(shí)類

2014全國(guó)高考匯編閱讀之新聞報(bào)告類類

一（2014大綱卷）

B

SincethefirstEarthDayin1970,Americanshavegottenalot"greener“towardtheenvironment

（環(huán)境）."Wedidn'tknowatthattimethereevenwasanenvironment,letalonethattherewas

aproblemwithit,“saysBruceAnderson,presidentofEarthDayUSA.

Butwhatbeganasnothingimportantinpublicaffairshasgrownintoasocialmovement.Business

people,politicalleaders,universityprofessors,andespeciallymillionsofgrass-rootsAmericans

aretakingpartinthemovement."Theunderstandinghasincreasedmany,manytimes/says

GaylordNelson,theformergovernorfromWisconsin,whothoughtupthefirstEarthDay.

AccordingtoUSgovernmentreports,emissions（排放）fromcarsandtruckshavedroppedfrom

10.3milliontonsayearto5.5tons.ThenumberofcitiesproducingCObeyondthestandardhas

beenreducedfrom40to9.Althoughseriousproblemsstillremainandneedtobedealtwith,

theworldisasaferandhealthierplace.Akindof“Greenthinking“hasbecomepartofpractices.

Greatimprovementhasbeenachieved.In1988therewereonly600recycling（回收利用）

programs;todayin1995thereareabout6,600.Advancedlights,motors,andbuildingdesigns

havehelpedsavealotofenergyandthereforepreventedpollution.

Twenty-fiveyearsago,therewerehardlyanyeducationprogramsforenvironment.Today,it's

hardtofindapublicschool,university,orlawschoolthatdoesnothavesuchakindof

programUntilwedothat,nothingelsewillchange!wsayBruceAnderson.

60.AccordingtoAnderson,before1970,Americanshadlittleideaabout__

A.thesocialmovementB.recyclingtechniques

C.environmentalproblemsD.theimportanceofEarthDay

61.Wheredoesthesupportforenvironmentalprotectionmainlycomefrom?

A.Thegrass-rootslevelB.Thebusinesscircle

C.GovernmentofficialsD.Universityprofessors

62..WhathaveAmericansachievedinenvironmentalprotection?

A.Theyhavecutcaremissionstothelowest

B.Theyhavesettledtheirenvironmentalproblems

C.TheyhaveloweredtheirCOlevelsinfortycities.

D.Theyhavereducedpollutionthrougheffectivemeasures.

63.Whatisespeciallyimportantforenvironmentalprotectionaccordingtothelastparagraph?

A.EducationB.Planning

C.GreenlivingD.COreduction

【考點(diǎn)】考察新聞報(bào)道類閱讀

【文章大意】作者在本文中把現(xiàn)在的美國(guó)環(huán)境問(wèn)題和以前的環(huán)境問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了比較，尤其是幾

項(xiàng)數(shù)據(jù)的對(duì)比。說(shuō)明人們現(xiàn)在的環(huán)境保護(hù)意識(shí)有了很大的提高。其中很重要的一項(xiàng)就是環(huán)境

教育所起的作用。

1.【答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第2句"Wedidn'tknowatthattimethereevenwasan

environment,letalonethattherewasaproblemwithit,“saysBruceAnderson,presidentofEarth

DayUSA.可知在1970年世界地球日開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，人們甚至都不知道有“環(huán)境這個(gè)詞"，更不要

說(shuō)知道存在著環(huán)境問(wèn)題了。故C正確。

2.【答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段2,3Businesspeople,politicalleaders,university

professors,andespeciallymillionsofgrass-rootsAmericansaretakingpartinthemovement.中

的especiallymillionsofgrass-rootsAmericans尤其是千百萬(wàn)的一般民眾?？芍h(huán)境保護(hù)的主

要支持來(lái)自普通民眾。故A正確。

3.【答案】D

【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)第二段4,5行AccordingtoUSgovernmentreports,emissions（排

放）fromcarsandtruckshavedroppedfrom10.3milliontonsayearto5.5tons.Thenumberof

citiesproducingCObeyondthestandardhasbeenreducedfrom40to9.可知通過(guò)人們的共同

努力，現(xiàn)在的污染排放的數(shù)字已經(jīng)大大地減少了。故D正確。A項(xiàng)中的tothelowest是錯(cuò)誤

的。B項(xiàng)說(shuō)已經(jīng)解決了污染問(wèn)題，這一說(shuō)法是錯(cuò)誤的。文章中只是說(shuō)Thenumberofcities

producingCObeyondthestandardhasbeenreducedfrom40to9.CO排放超標(biāo)的城市從40降

低到9.而不是C項(xiàng)含義。

4.【答案】A

【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段1,2IfTwenty-fiveyearsago,therewerehardlyany

educationprogramsforenvironment.Today,it'shardtofindapublicschool,university,orlaw

schoolthatdoesnothavesuchakindofprogram.可知現(xiàn)在幾乎每個(gè)學(xué)校都有環(huán)境保護(hù)方面的

教育的內(nèi)容。說(shuō)明教育在環(huán)境保護(hù)方面有很重要的作用。故A正確。

【長(zhǎng)難句解析】

l/Wedidn'tknowatthattimethereevenwasanenvironment,letalonethattherewasa

problemwithit/

【翻譯】在那時(shí)人們甚至都不知道有“環(huán)境這個(gè)詞“，更不要說(shuō)知道存在著環(huán)境問(wèn)題了。

【分析】本句中的動(dòng)詞know后面的thereevenwasanenvironment,letalonethattherewasa

problemwithit,”是賓語(yǔ)從句，其中的letalone更不必說(shuō)…；

2.ThenumberofcitiesproducingC02beyondthestandardhasbeenreducedfrom40to9.

【翻譯】產(chǎn)生超過(guò)CO2排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的城市的數(shù)量從40減少到了9個(gè)。

【分析】本句中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)producingCO2beyondthestandard在句中做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞

citieso因?yàn)閮烧咧g存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于whichproduce；

另外本句中的thenumberof〃…的數(shù)量〃，在句中做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù)形式。

二（2014福建卷）

E

AshasbeenalltooapparentinrecentdaysatBalcombe,fewissuescausegreaterconcern

thanenergypolicy.Manyvillagecommunitiesfeeltheircountrysideisbeingruinedbythe

power-producingmachinesofwindfarms;yettheynevertake"directaction",eventhoughthe

planninglawsputthemataseveredisadvantage.Andthegeneroussubsidies（財(cái)政補(bǔ)貝占）,which

encouragetheexpansionofwindpower;arenotfavorabletothevillagecommunitiesandset

landownersinconflictwithotherresidents（居民）.

Thosewhodisagreewiththerapidexpansionofwindfarmsstatethatthedamagetheycause

isoutofproportion（比例）tothebenefitstheybring,becausetheirenergyoutputcannotmatch

thatofthecarbon-basedpowerstationstheyaresupposedtoreplace.Supportersinsistthat

windmustbepartofamixofrenewables,nuclearandcarbon,andthatthecountryiscommitted

tomeetingEU（EuropeanUnion）targetsfornon-carbonenergygeneration.

Againstthisbackground,thefactthatthereisanargumentwithintheGovernmentover

whethertopublishanofficialreportonwindfarms'impactonthecountrysidebecomeseven

moreextraordinary.Thetwopartiesinthecoalition（聯(lián)合）governmentareindisagreementover

whatitshouldsay.

Wehavesomeadviceforthetwoparties:publishthereport,andletthecountrybethejudge.

Evenifitcontainsevidencethatwindfarmsareharmful,itwillhardlybeapleasantsurpriseto

peoplewhodonotlikethem.Equally,supportersmustarguetheircasebyacknowledgingthe

concernsandexplainingwhytheyareeithermisplacedorworthyofmuchattention.

Thesuggestionthatfurthernegotiationsaretotakeplacetoproducean"acceptable"report

suggeststhatthepoliticsofcoalitiongovernmentaredoingthecountryharminacertainway.

Giventhesensitivitiesinvolved,alltheinformationshouldbeavailablesothatpeoplecanreach

theirownconclusions,ratherthanbeingleftwiththesuspicion（猜疑）thatfactsarebeing

replacedbypoliticalbeliefs.

72.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat.

A.energypolicycatchesmuchattentionofthepublic

B.theresidentsareinfavoroftheexpansionofwindfarms

C.manyvillagecommunitiesaresatisfiedwiththesubsidies

D.theplanninglawsoffergreatbenefitstotheresidents

73.Supportersthinkthattheexpansionofwindpower__.

A.ismorerapidthanthatofcarbon-basedpower

B.guaranteesanincreaseinenergyoutput

C.isexpectedtobemuchbetterthanthatofnuclearpower

D.agreeswithEUtargetsfornon-carbonenergygeneration

74.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A.anofficialreportwillsettletheenergyproblem

B.thetwopartiesaredividedovertheissueofwindfarms

C.thetwopartieshaveagreedonafurthernegotiation

D.politicalbeliefsconcerningenergyissuegoagainstfacts

75.Whichofthefollowingreflectstheauthor'sopinion?

A.Increasepoliticalimpactonenergypolicy.

B.Releaseastatementofsupportersonwindfarms.

C.Letthenationjudgethefactsaboutwindpower.

D.Leavethetwopartiestoreachtheirownconclusions.

【考點(diǎn)】考察新聞報(bào)道類閱讀

【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，在英國(guó)的鮑爾科姆，人們對(duì)于風(fēng)電項(xiàng)目的發(fā)展有了支持

和反對(duì)兩者不同意見(jiàn)。作者在文章里闡述了雙方的觀點(diǎn)，并提出了自己的意見(jiàn)：把這個(gè)問(wèn)題

報(bào)道出來(lái)，讓全國(guó)人們對(duì)此進(jìn)行討論并做出決定。

72.【答案】A

【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章第一句AshasbeenalltooapparentinrecentdaysatBalcombe,

fewissuescausegreaterconcernthanenergypolicy.可知沒(méi)有另ij的問(wèn)題比energypolicy更弓I起

人們的擔(dān)心了,也就是說(shuō)energypolicy引起了人們最大的擔(dān)心。故A正確。

73.【答案】D

【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后2行Supportersinsistthatwindmustbepartofa

mixofrenewables,nuclearandcarbon,andthatthecountryiscommittedtomeetingEU

(EuropeanUnion)targetsfornon-carbonenergygeneration.可知支持者認(rèn)為風(fēng)電的擴(kuò)張是符

合歐盟無(wú)碳排放的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的。故D正確。

74.【答案】B

【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段Thosewhodisagreewiththerapidexpansion.…和

Supportersinsistthatwindmustbepartofamixofrenewables...可知對(duì)于風(fēng)電的擴(kuò)張方面,兩

方面的觀點(diǎn)是有分歧的。故B正確。

75.【答案】C

【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段Wehavesomeadviceforthetwoparties:publish

thereport,andletthecountrybethejudge.可知作者提出把這個(gè)問(wèn)題報(bào)道出來(lái)，讓全國(guó)人們對(duì)

此進(jìn)行討論并做出決定。故C正確。

【長(zhǎng)難句解析】

AshasbeenalltooapparentinrecentdaysatBalcombe,fewissuescausegreaterconcernthan

energypolicy.

【翻譯】最近幾天在鮑爾科姆，沒(méi)有別的問(wèn)題比energypolicy更引起人們的擔(dān)心「

【分析】本句中的fewissuescausegreaterconcernthanenergypolicy使用了否定詞few加比

較級(jí)greater連用表示最高級(jí)的用法。

三(2014湖北卷)

London'snewestskyscraper（摩天大樓）iscalledtheShardanditcostabout430million

poundstobuild.Ataheightofalmost310metres,itisthetallestbuildinginEurope.TheShard

hascompletelychangedtheappearanceofLondon.However;noteveryonethinksthatitisa

changeforthebetter.

TheShardwasdesignedbythefamousItalianarchitectRenzoPiano.Whenhebegan

designingtheShardforLondon,Pianowantedaverytallbuildingthatlookedlikeaspire（尖頂）.

Hewantedtheglasssurfacestoreflecttheskyandthecity.Thesidesofthebuildingaren't

regular.Sothebuildinghasanunusualshape.Itlookslikeaverythin,sharppieceofbrokenglass.

Andthatishowthebuildinggotthename:theShard.Pianosaysthatthespireshapeofthe

ShardispartofagreatLondontradition.Theshaperemindshimofthespiresofthechurchesof

Londonorthetallmasts（桅桿）oftheshipsthatwereonceontheriverThames.

TheShardhas87floors.Atthetop,thereisanobservatory.Atthemomentthebuildingis

empty,buteventuallytherewillbeafive-starhotel.Therewillalsobetopqualityrestaurants,

apartmentsandoffices.

Beforebuildingworkbegan,alotofpeopledidn'twanttheShardthoughtheplanswere

approved.NowtheyarestillunhappyabouttheShard.Somecriticssaythatsuchatallskyscraper

mightbegoodinacitylikeNewYork,butnotinLondon.Theysaythatthebestthingaboutthe

Shardisitsspireshape.Butthatistheonlything.Thereisnodecoration,onlyflatsurfaces.The

Egyptiansdidthat4,500yearsago.TheyalsothinktheShardistoobigforLondon.Itdestroysthe

beautyofthecity.

Othercriticsdon'tlikewhattheShardseemstorepresent.TheysaythattheShardshows

howLondonisbecomingmoreunequal.Onlyveryrichpeoplecanaffordtobuytheexpensive

privateapartmentsandstayinthehotel.ButthepeoplewholiveneartheShardareamongthe

poorestinLondon.SotheShardseemsasymbolofthedivisioninsocietybetweentheveryrich

andthepoor.

TheShardnowdominatestheLondonskyline.Itisnotcertain,however,thatordinary

Londoncitizenswilleveracceptitasavaluableadditiontothecity.

55.London'snewestskyscraperiscalledtheShardbecauseof.

A.itscost

B.itssize

C.itsshape

D.itsheight

56.WhenhedesignedtheShard,Pianowanteditto.

A.changeLondon'sskyline

B.inheritLondon'stradition

C.imitatetheEgyptianstyle

D.attractpotentialvisitors

57.ThecriticswhorefertosocialdivisionthinktheShard.

A.isonlypreferredbytherich

B.isintendedforwealthypeople

C.isfarawayfromthepoorarea

D.ispopularonlywithLondoners

58.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TheShard:CheersandClaps

B.TheShard:WorkofaGreatArchitect

C.TheShard:NewSymbolofLondon?

D.TheShard:AChangefortheBetter?

【考點(diǎn)】考察新聞報(bào)道類閱讀

【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，報(bào)道了倫敦最新的摩天大樓theShard,以及它的形狀

和設(shè)計(jì)理念。同時(shí)還講述「人們對(duì)于這棟大樓的不同的看法。很多人都反對(duì)這棟大樓，說(shuō)它

并沒(méi)有向一個(gè)好的方向改變。

55.【答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段3,4,5行Hewantedtheglasssurfacestoreflecttheskyandthe

city.Thesidesofthebuildingaren'tregular.Sothebuildinghasanunusualshape.Itlookslikea

verythin,sharppieceofbrokenglass.Andthatishowthebuildinggotthename:theShard.可知

摩天大樓theShard得到自己的名字是因?yàn)樗男螤?。故C正確。

56.【答案】B

【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)第二段后三行PianosaysthatthespireshapeoftheShardispartof

agreatLondontradition.TheshaperemindshimofthespiresofthechurchesofLondonorthe

tallmasts（桅桿）oftheshipsthatwereonceontheriverThames.可知他把這座摩天大樓設(shè)計(jì)

成這個(gè)形狀是為了讓它成為倫敦的傳統(tǒng)的一部分，也就是說(shuō)讓它繼承倫敦的傳統(tǒng)。故B正確。

57.【答案】B

【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段2,3,4彳jTheysaythattheShardshowshowLondon

isbecomingmoreunequal.Onlyveryrichpeoplecanaffordtobuytheexpensiveprivate

apartmentsandstayinthehotel.ButthepeoplewholiveneartheShardareamongthepoorest

inLondon.可知?些批評(píng)家認(rèn)為這座大樓只是為那些富有的人而設(shè)計(jì)的。居住在這棟大樓附

近的人都沒(méi)有能力享受它。它是社會(huì)不公平的代表。故B正確。

58.【答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，報(bào)道了倫敦最新的摩天大樓theShard,

以及它的形狀和設(shè)計(jì)理念。同時(shí)還講述了人們對(duì)于這棟大樓的不同的看法。根據(jù)第一段最后

一句However,noteveryonethinksthatitisachangeforthebetter.彳艮多人都反對(duì)這棟大樓，說(shuō)

它并沒(méi)有向一個(gè)好的方向改變。故D項(xiàng)符合文章的主題。

【長(zhǎng)難句解析】

l.WhenhebegandesigningtheShardforLondon,Pianowantedaverytallbuildingthatlooked

likeaspire（尖頂）.

【翻譯】當(dāng)他開(kāi)始為倫敦設(shè)計(jì)theShard的時(shí)候，Piano想要設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)看起來(lái)像尖頂?shù)暮芨叩?/p>

大樓。

【分析】本句中含有一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，后面的主句里有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句that

lookedlikeaspire（尖頂）.修飾前面的先行詞averytallbuilding。

2.TheysaythattheShardshowshowLondonisbecomingmoreunequal

【翻譯】他們說(shuō)theShard在說(shuō)明倫敦正變得更加不公平。

【分析】本句中的動(dòng)詞say后面含有一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句theShardshowshowLondonis

becomingmoreunequal這個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞show后面有一個(gè)how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句how

LondonisbecomingmoreunequaL

四（2014江西卷）

C

Closeyoureyesfoeaminutesandimaginewhatlifewouldbelikeofyouhadahundred

dollarsless.Alsoimaginewhatitwouldbelikespendingtherestofyourlifewithyoueyesclosed.

Imaginehavingtoreadthispage,notwithyoureyesbutwithyourfinger-tips.

Withexistingmedicalknowledgeandskills,two-thirdsoftheworld's42millionblindshouldnot

havetosuffer.Unfortunately,richcountriespossesmostofthisknowledge,whiledeveloping

countriesdonot.

ORBISisaninternationalnon-profitorganizationwhichoperatestheworld'sonlyflyingteaching

eyehospital.ORBISintendstohelpfightblindnessworldwide.InsideaDC-8aircraft,thereisa

fully-equippedteachinghospitalwithtelevisionstudioandclassroom.Doctorsaretaughtthe

latesttechniquesofbringingsightbacktopeoplethere.ProjectORBISalsoaimsatpromoting

peacefulcooperation（合作）amongcountries.

ORBIStriestohelpdevelopingcountriesbyprovidingtrainingduringthree-weekmedical

programs.ORBIShastaughtsight-savingtechniquestoover35,000doctorsandnurses,who

continuetocuretensofthousandsofblindpeopleeveryyear.ORBIShasconducted17plane

programsisChinasofar.FortheseventotenmillionblindinChinaORBISisplanningtodomore

forthem.AtthemomentanORBISisworkingonalong-termplantodevelopatrainingcenter

andtoprovideeyecareservicetoShanxiProvince.ORBISneedsyourhelptocontinuetheirwork

andfreepeoplefromblindness.

ForjustUS$38,youcanhelponepersonsee;for$380youcanbringsightto10people;$1,300

helpsteachadoctornewskills;andfor$13,000youcanprovideatrainingprogrammefora

groupofdoctorswhocanmakethousandsofblindpeopleseeagain.Yourmoneycanopentheir

eyestotheworld.PleasehelpORBISimprovethequalityoflifeforsomanypeoplelessfortunate

thanourselves.

65.Thefirstparagraphisintendedto.

A.introduceanewwayofreading

B.advisethepublictoleadasimplelife

C.directthepublic'sattentiontotheblind

0.encouragethepublictouseimagination

66.Whatdowelearnaboutexistingmedicalknowledgeandskillsintheworld?

A.TheyareadequateB.Theyhavenotbeenupdated.

C.TheyarenotequallydistributedD.Theyhavebenefitedmostoftheblind

67.ORRISaimstohelptheblindby.

A.teachingmedicalstudentsB.trainingdoctorsandnurses

C.runningflyinghospitalsgloballyD.settingupnon-profitorganization

68.Whatdoestheauthortrytodointhelastparagraph?

A.AppealfordonationsB.Makeanadvertisement

C.PromotetrainingprogramsD.Showsympathyfortheblind

69.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ORRISinChinaB.FightingBlindness

C.ORRISFlyingHospitalD.Sight-savingTechniques

【考點(diǎn)】考察新聞報(bào)告類閱讀

【文章大意】本文屬于報(bào)告類閱讀，了講述ORBIS給盲人所做的工作來(lái)宣傳ORBIS,號(hào)召我

們?yōu)镺RBIS捐款來(lái)幫助更多的盲人。

64.【答案】C

【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)第一段1,2行Closeyoureyesfoeaminutesandimaginewhatlife

wouldbelikeofyouhadahundreddollarsless.Alsoimaginewhatitwouldbelikespendingthe

restofyourlifewithyoueyesclosed.Imaginehavingtoreadthispage,notwithyoureyesbut

withyourfinger-tips.閉上眼睛想象一下少了100美元并沒(méi)有什么。但是想象一下如果我們?cè)?/p>

余生里都看不見(jiàn)，不是用眼睛看這篇文章，而是用手指來(lái)閱讀。作者通過(guò)第一段是為了把讀

者的注意力吸引到盲人的身上。故C正確、

65.【答案】C

【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)第一段最后2句Withexistingmedicalknowledgeandskills,

two-thirdsoftheworld's42millionblindshouldnothavetosuffer.Unfortunately,richcountries

possesmostofthisknowledge,whiledevelopingcountriesdonot.可知發(fā)動(dòng)國(guó)家的技術(shù)更先

進(jìn)，能夠給盲人帶來(lái)更多的幫助，但是發(fā)展中國(guó)家并沒(méi)有這樣的技術(shù)，說(shuō)明技術(shù)的分布并不

公平。故C正確。

66.【答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段1,2句ORBIStriestohelpdevelopingcountriesby

providingtrainingduringthree-weekmedicalprograms.ORBIShastaughtsight-savingtechniques

toover35,000doctorsandnurses,whocontinuetocuretensofthousandsofblindpeopleevery

year.得知ORBIS醫(yī)學(xué)培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃幫助發(fā)展中國(guó)家培養(yǎng)了很多治療眼睛疾病的醫(yī)生，然后這些醫(yī)

生再去幫助那些需要幫助的盲人。故B正確。

67.【答案】A

【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)最后一段前2行ForjustUS$38,youcanhelponepersonsee;for

$380youcanbringsightto10people;$1,300helpsteachadoctornewskills;andfor$13,000

youcanprovideatrainingprogrammeforagroupofdoctorswhocanmakethousandsofblind

peopleseeagain.作者在呼吁我們?yōu)檫@個(gè)項(xiàng)目捐款，因?yàn)榫杩羁梢詭椭芏嗫床灰?jiàn)的盲人重

新看見(jiàn)光明。故A正確。

68.【答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。本文在第一段里很巧妙地通過(guò)一個(gè)閉眼實(shí)驗(yàn)把我們的注意力吸引

到盲人身上。接下來(lái)通過(guò)講述ORBIS給盲人所做的工作來(lái)宣傳ORBIS。最后號(hào)召我們?yōu)镺RBIS

捐款來(lái)幫助更多的盲人。所以本文實(shí)際上是介紹ORRISFlyingHospital的。故C正確。

【長(zhǎng)難句解析】

l.Alsoimaginewhatitwouldbelikespendingtherestofyourlifewithyoueyesclosed

【翻譯】也要想象閉著眼睛度過(guò)余生會(huì)是什么樣子。

【分析】本句句子結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜，首先動(dòng)詞imagine后面有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句whatitwouldbe

like：在這個(gè)從句中what既充當(dāng)引導(dǎo)詞也在句中做like的賓語(yǔ)。句中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，真

正的主語(yǔ)是后面的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)spendingtherestofyourlifewithyoueyesclosed,主語(yǔ)中含有

withyoueyesclosed這個(gè)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

2.ORBIShastaughtsight-savingtechniquestoover35,000doctorsandnurses,whocontinueto

curetensofthousandsofblindpeopleeveryyear.

【翻譯】ORBIS已經(jīng)把保護(hù)視力的技巧教給了35000多名醫(yī)生和護(hù)士，這些醫(yī)生和護(hù)士每年

都繼續(xù)治愈成千上萬(wàn)的盲人。

【分析】本句中含有一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句whocontinuetensofthousandsofblindpeople

everyyearo其中的關(guān)系代詞who指代先行詞，在句中做主語(yǔ)。

五（2014山東卷）

A

Onemorning,Ann'sneighborTracyfoundalostdogwanderingaroundthelocalelementary

school.SheaskedAnnifshecouldkeepaneyeonthedog.Annsaidthatshecouldwatchitonly

fortheday.

Tracytookphotosofthedogandprintedoff400FOUNDfliers（傳單）,andputthemin

mailboxes.Meanwhile,Annwenttothedollarstoreandboughtsomepetsupplies,warningher

twosonsnottofallinlovewiththedog.Atthetime,Ann'ssonThomaswas10yearsold,and

Jack,whowasrecoveringfromaheartoperation,was21yearsold.

FourdayslaterAnnwasstilllookingafterthedog,whomtheyhadstartedtocallRiley.When

shearrivedhomefromwork,thedogthrewitselfagainstthescreendoorandbarkedmadlyat

her.Assoonassheopenedthedoor,Rileydashedintotheboys'roomwhereAnnfoundJack

sufferingfromaheartattack.RileyranovertoJack,butassoonasAnnbentovertohelphimthe

dogwentsilent.

“Ifithadn'tcometogetme,thedoctorsaidJackwouldhavedied/Annreportedtoalocal

newspaper.Atthispoint,noonehadcalledtoclaimthedog,soAnndecidedtokeepit.

ThenextmorningTracygotacall.AmannamedPeterrecognizedhislostdogandcalledthe

numberontheflier.Tracystartedcrying,andtoldhim,“Thatdogsavedmyfriend'sson.”

PeterdrovetoAnn'shousetopickuphisdog,andsawThomasandJackcryinginthewindow.

AfterafewmomentsPetersaid,“MaybeOdiewassupposedtofindyou,maybeyoushouldkeep

it.〃

41.WhatdidTracydoafterfindingthedog?

A.ShelookedforitsownerB.ShegaveittoAnnasagift.

C.Shesoldittothedollarstore.D.Sheboughtsomefoodforit.

42.HowdidthedoghelpsaveJack?

A.BybreakingthedoorforAnn.B.ByleadingAnntoJack/sroom.

C.BydraggingJackoutoftheroom.D.ByattendingJackwhenAnnwasout.

43.WhatwasAnn'sattitudetothedogaccordingtoParagraph4?

A.SympatheticB.DoubtfulC.TolerantD.Grateful

44.ForwhatpurposedidPetercallTracy?

A.Tohelpherfriend'sson.B.TointerviewTracy

C.Totakebackhisdog.D.Toreturnthefliertoher.

45.Whatcanweinferaboutthedogfromthelastparagraph?

A.ItwouldbegiventoOdie.B.ItwouldbekeptbyAnn'family.

C.ItwouldbereturnedtoPeter.D.ItwouldbetakenawaybyTracy.

【考點(diǎn)】考察新聞報(bào)告類閱讀

【文章大意】本文報(bào)道了一只被撿到的聰明的小狗挽救主人家兒子的故事。當(dāng)Ann到家的

時(shí)候，小狗瘋狂地叫。把Ann吸引到Jack的房間，原來(lái)Jack患了心臟病。最后狗的主人Peter

把夠留給了Ann一家。

41.【答案】A推理題。

【試題解析】根據(jù)文章第2段1,2行Tracytookphotosofthedogandprintedoff400FOUND

fliers（傳單）,andputtheminmailboxes.可知Tracy拍了狗的作品，并印刷了400張傳單發(fā)

出去，正是為了幫助尋找到狗的主人。故A項(xiàng)：尋找狗的主人，符合上下文含義。故A正

確。

42.【答案】B推理題。

【試題解析】根據(jù)文章第三段Whenshearrivedhomefromwork,thedogthrewitselfagainst

thescreendoorandbarkedmadlyather.Assoonassheopenedthedoor,Rileydashedintothe

boys'roomwhereAnnfoundJacksufferingfromaheartattack.RileyranovertoJack,butas

soonasAnnbentovertohelphimthedogwentsilent.可知當(dāng)Ann到家的時(shí)候，小狗瘋狂地叫。

把Ann吸引到Jack的房間，原來(lái)Jack患了心臟病。故B正確。

43.【答案】D推理題。

【試題解析】根據(jù)文章第四段1,2行“Ifithadn'tcometogetme,thedoctorsaidJackwould

havedied/Annreportedtoalocalnewspaper可知如果不是小狗，Jack可能就會(huì)死于心臟病。

可知Ann對(duì)于小狗挽救了她的兒子是十分感激的。故D正確。

44.【答案】C

【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章最后2段第一句ThenextmorningTracygotacall.Amannamed

Peterrecognizedhislostdogandcalledthenumberontheflier.和PeterdrovetoAnn'shouse

topickuphisdog,可知Peter打電話并開(kāi)車過(guò)來(lái)是為了接走失的小狗回家的。光顧C(jī)項(xiàng)正確。

45.【答案】B

【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章最后2行AfterafewmomentsPetersaid,“MaybeOdiewas

supposedtofindyou,maybeyoushouldkeepit."可知Peter最后并沒(méi)有帶走這只小狗,而是

把小狗留給了Ann的孩子。故B正確。

【長(zhǎng)難句解析】

l.Onemorning,Ann'sneighborTracyfoundalostdogwanderingaroundthelocalelementary

school.

【翻譯】一天早晨，Ann的鄰居Tracy發(fā)現(xiàn)一只迷路的小狗在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊凰W(xué)周圍徘徊。

【分析】本句中foundalostdogwanderingaroundthelocalelementaryschool是一個(gè)“動(dòng)詞+

賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)，其中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)wanderingaroundthelocalelementaryschool

是對(duì)賓語(yǔ)alostdog的情況進(jìn)行的說(shuō)明，因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞wander與alostdog之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，

所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)。

2.Meanwhile,Annwenttothedollarstoreandboughtsomepetsupplies,warninghertwosons

nottofallinlovewiththedog.

【翻譯】同時(shí)，Ann還去了商店買了狗糧，警告兩個(gè)兒子不要喜歡上這只狗。

【分析】本句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是由并列結(jié)構(gòu)wenttothedollarstore和boughtsomepetsupplies

組成的，現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)warninghertwosonsnottofallinlovewiththedog在句中充當(dāng)伴隨狀

語(yǔ)，因?yàn)閣arn與Ann構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式。

六（2014四川卷）

C

Aschoolgirlsavedherfather'slifebykickinghiminthechestafterhesufferedaseriousallergic

（過(guò)敏的）reactionwhichstoppedhisheart.

Izzy,nine,restartedfatherColm'sheartbystamping（踩）onhischestafterhefelldownathome

andstoppedbreathing.

Izzy'smother,Debbie,immediatelycalled999butIzzyknewdoctorswouldneverarriveintimeto

saveherfather,sodecidedtouseCPR.

However,shequicklydiscoveredherarmsweren'tstrongenough,soshestampedonherfather's

chestinstead.

Debbiethentookoverwithsomemoreconventionalchestcompressions（按壓）untilthe

ambulancearrived.

Izzy,whohasbeengivenabraveryawardbyherschool,said:"Ijustkickedhimreallyhard.My

mumtaughtmeCPRbutIknewIwasn'tstrongenoughtousehands.Iwasquitescared.The

doctorsaidImightaswellbeadoctororanurse.MymumsaidthatDadwasgoingtohospital

withabigfootprintonhis

"She'salittlestar;"saidDebbie,"iwasreallyupsetbutIzzyjusttookover.Ijustcan'tbelievewhat

shedid.Ireallythinkallchildrenshouldbetaughtfirstaid.IzzydidCPRthenthedoctorturned

up.Colmhadtohavemoretreatmentonthewaytothehospitalandwe'vegottoseeanexpert."

TruckdriverColm,35,sufferedamysteryallergicreactiononSaturdayandwastakentohospital,

butwassenthomeonlyforittohappenagainthenextday.Thesecondattackwassoserious

thathisairwayswelled,preventinghimfrombreathing,hisbloodpressuredroppedsuddenly,

andhisheartstoppedforamoment.

Hehasnowmadeafullrecoveryfromhissuffering.

39.Izzykickedherfatherinthechest.

A.toexpressherhelplessnessB.topractiseCPRonhim

C.tokeephimawakeD.torestarthisheart

40.What'stherightorderoftheevents?

①IzzykickedColm.

②Debbiecalled999.

③IzzylearnedCPR.

?Colm'sheartstopped.

A.3124B.4231C.3421D.4312

41.WhatdoesParagraph8mainlytalkabout?

A.WhatColmsuffered.

B.Colm'spresentcondition.

C.WhatcausedColm'sallergy.

D.Sy