歷年英語六級(jí)考試試卷

2007年6月23日大學(xué)英語六級(jí)(CET-6)真題試卷(A卷)

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledShouldOneExpecta

RewardWhenDoingaGoodDeed?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.有人做好事期望得到回報(bào)；

2.有人認(rèn)為應(yīng)該像雷鋒那樣做好事不圖回報(bào)；

3.我的觀點(diǎn)。

ShouldOneExpectaRewardWhenDoingaGoodDeed?

PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)

SevenStepstoaMoreFulfillingJob

Manypeopletodayfindthemselvesinunfulfillingworksituations.Infact,oneinfourworkersisdissatisfied

withtheircurrentjob,accordingtotherecent“Plansfor2004"survey.Theircareerpathmaybefinancially

rewarding,butitdoesn'tmeettheiremotional,socialorcreativeneeds.They'restuck,unhappy,andhaveno

ideawhattodoaboutit,exceptmovetoanotherjob.

MaryLynMiller,veterancareerconsultantandfounderoftheLifeandCareerClinic,saysthatwhenmost

peopleareunhappyabouttheirwork,theirfirstthoughtistogetadifferentjob.Instead,Millersuggests

lookingatthepossibilityofadifferentlife.Throughherbook,8MythsofMakingaLiving,aswellas

workshops,seminarsandpersonalcoachingandconsulting,shehashelpedthousandsofdissatisfiedworkers

reassesslifeandwork.

LikethewayofZen,whichincludesunderstandingofoneselfasonereallyis,Millerencouragesjobseekers

andthosedissatisfiedwithworkorlifetoexaminetheirbeliefsaboutworkandrecognizethat“inmanycases

yourbeliefsarewhatbroughtyoutowhereyouaretoday."Youmayhavebeenraisedtothinkthatwomen

werebestatnurturingandcaringand,therefore,shouldbeteachersandnurses.Sothat'swhatyoudid.Or,

perhapsyouwerebroughtuptobelievethatyoushoulddowhatyourfatherdid,soyouhavetakenoverthe

familybusiness,orbecomeadentist'justlikedad."Ifthissoundsfamiliar,it'sprobablytimetolookatthe

newpossibilitiesforyourfuture.

Millerdevelopeda7-stepprocesstohelppotentialjobseekersassesstheircurrentsituationandbeliefs,

identifytheirrealpassion,andstartonajourneythatallowsthemtopursuetheirpassionthroughwork.

Step1:Willingnesstodosomethingdifferent.

Breakingthecycleofdoingwhatyouhavealwaysdoneisoneofthemostdifficulttasksforjobseekers.Many

finditdifficulttosteerawayfromacareerpathormakeachange,evenifitdoesn'tfeelright.Millerurgesjob

seekerstoopentheirmindstootherpossibilitiesbeyondwhattheyarecurrentlydoing.

Step2:Commitmenttobeingwhoyouare,notwhoorwhatsomeonewantsyoutobe.

Lookatthe\giftsandtalentsyouhaveandmakeacommitmenttopursuethosethingsthatyoulovemost.If

youlovethesocialaspectsofyourjob,butarestuckinsideanofficeor“chainedtoyourdesk“mostofthe

time,vowtofollowyourinstinctandinvestigatealternativecareersandworkthatallowyoumoretimeto

interactwithothers.Dawnworkedasamanagerforalargeretailclothingstoreforseveralyears.Thoughshe

hadadvancedwithinthecompany,shefeltfrustratedandlongedtobeinvolvedwithnatureandtheoutdoors.

Shedecidedtogotoschoolnightsandweekendstopursuehertruepassionbyearninghermaster'sdegreein

forestry.Shenowworksinthebiotechforestrydivisionofamajorpapercompany.

Step3:Self-definition

Millersuggeststhatoncejobseekersknowwhotheyare,theyneedtoknowhowtosellthemselves.46Inthejob

market,youareaproduct.Andjustlikeaproduct,youmostknowthefeaturesandbenefitsthatyouhaveto

offerapotentialclient,oremployer.^^Examinetheskillsandknowledgethatyouhaveidentifyhowtheycan

applytoyourdesiredoccupation.Yourqualitieswillexhibittoemployerswhytheyshouldhireyouoverother

candidates.

Step4:Attainalevelofself-honoring.

Self-honoringorself-lovemayseemlikeanoddstepforjobhunters,butbeingabletoacceptyourself,without

judgment,helpseliminateinsecuritiesandwillmakeyoumoreself-assured.Byacceptingwhoyouare-all

youremotions,hopesanddreams,yourpersonality,andyouruniquewayofbeing-you'Hprojectmore

confidencewhennetworkingandtalkingwithpotentialemployers.Thepowerofself-honoringcanhelpto

breakallthefalsehoodsyouwereprogrammedtobelieve-thosethatmadeyoufeelthatyouwerenotgood

enough,orstrongenough,orintelligentenoughtodowhatyoutrulydesire.

Step5:Vision.

Millersuggeststhatjobseekersdevelopavisionthatembracestheanswerto“WhatdoIreallywanttodo?”

oneshouldcreateasolidstatementinadozenorsosentencesthatdescribeindetailhowtheyseetheirlife

relatedtowork.Forinstance,thesecretarywholongstobeanactressdescribesalifethatallowshertoexpress

herloveofShakespeareonstage.Arealestateagent,attractedtohiscurrentjobbecauseherlovesfixingup

oldhomes,describesbuyingpropertiesthatneedalittletenderlovingcaretomakethemmoresaleable.

Step6:Appropriaterisk.

Somephilosophersbelievethatthewaytoenlightenmentcomesthroughfacingobstaclesanddifficulties.Once

peoplediscovertheirpassion,manyaretooscaredtodoanythingaboutit.Instead,theydonothing.Withthis

step,jobseekersshouldassesswhattheyarewillingtogiveup,orrisk,inpursuitoftheirdream.Forone

workingmom,thatmeanttakingnightclassestolearnnewcomputer-aideddesignskills,whilestillearninga

salaryandkeepingherdayjob.Forsomeoneelse,itmaymeanquittinghisorherjob,takingoutloanand

goingbacktoschoolfulltime.You'llmoveonestepclosertoyouridealworklifeifyouidentifyhowmuch

riskyouarewillingtotakeandthesacrificesyouarewillingtomake.

Step7:Action.

Someteachersofphilosophydescribeactioninthisway,“Ifonewantstogettothetopofamountain,just

sittingatthefootthinkingaboutitwillnotbringonethere.Itisbymakingtheeffortofclimbingupthe

mountain,stepbystep,thateventuallythesummitisreached.Alltoooften,itisthelackofactionthat

ultimatelyholdspeoplebackfromattainingtheirideals.Creatingaplanandtakingitonestepatatimecan

leadtonewanddifferentjobopportunities.Job-huntingtasksgainaddedmeaningasyousensetheir

importanceinyourquestforamoremeaningfulworklife.Theplancanincluderesearchingindustriesand

occupations,talkingtopeoplewhoareinyourdesiredareaofwork,takingclasses,oracceptingvolunteer

workinyourtargetedfield.

Eachofthesestepswillleadyouonajourneytoahappierandmorerewardingworklife.Afterall,itisthe

journey,notthedestination,thatismostimportant.

1.Accordingtotherecent“Plansfor2004"survey,mostpeopleareunhappywiththeircurrentjobs.

2.MaryLynMiller'sjobistoadvisepeopleontheirlifeandcareer.

3.MaryLynMillerherselfwasoncequitedissatisfiedwithherownwork.

4.Manypeoplefinditdifficulttomakeuptheirmindswhethertochangetheircareerpath.

5.AccordingtoMaryLynMiller,peopleconsideringchangingtheircareersshouldcommitthemselvestothe

pursuitof__

6.Inthejobmarket,jobseekersneedtoknowhowtosellthemselveslike.

7.Duringaninterviewwithpotentialemployers,self-honoringorself-lovemayhelpajobseekertoshow

8.MaryLynMillersuggeststhatajobseekerdevelopavisionthatanswersthequestion“"

9.Manypeoplearetooscaredtopursuetheirdreamsbecausetheyareunwillingto.

10.Whatultimatelyholdspeoplebackfromattainingtheiridealsis.

PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)

SectionA

11.A)Surfingthenet.B)Watchingatalkshow.C)Packingabirthdaygift.D)Shoppingatajewelrystore.

12.A)Heenjoysfindingfaultwithexams.B)Heissureofhissuccessintheexam.

C)Hedoesn'tknowifhecandowellintheexam.D)HeusedtogetstraightA'sintheexamshetook.

13.A)Themanisgenerouswithhisgoodcommentsonpeople.

B)Thewomanisunsureiftherewillbepeaceintheworld.

C)Thewomanisdoubtfulaboutnewspaperstories.

D)Themanisquiteoptimisticabouthumannature.

14.A)Studyforsomeprofession.B)Attendamedicalschool.C)Stayinbusiness.D)Sellhisshop.

15.A)Moremoney.B)Fairtreatment.C)Acollegeeducation.D)Shorterworkhours.

16.A)Shewasexhaustedfromhertrip.B)Shemissedthecomfortsofhome.

C)ShewasimpressedbyMexicanfood.D)ShewillnotgotoMexicoagain.

17.A)Cheerherselfupabit.B)Findamoresuitablejob.

18.C)Seekprofessionaladvice.D)Takeapsychologycourse.

18.A)Hedressesmoreformallynow.B)Whathewearsdoesnotmatchhisposition.

19.C)Hehasignoredhisfriendssincegraduation.D)Hefailedtodowellatcollege.

Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Togosightseeing.B)Tohavemeetings.

20.C)Topromoteanewchampagne.D)Tojoininatrainingprogram.

20.A)Itcanreducethenumberofpassengercomplaints.B)Itcanmakeairtravelmoreentertaining.

21.C)Itcancutdowntheexpensesforairtravel.D)Itcanlessenthediscomfortcausedbyairtravel.

21.A)Tookbalancedmealswithchampagne.B)Atevegetablesandfruitonly.

22.C)Refrainedfromfishormeat.D)Avoidedeatingrichfood.

22.A)Manyofthemfounditdifficulttoexerciseonaplane.

B)Manyofthemwereconcernedwiththeirwell-being.

C)Notmanyofthemchosetodowhatshedid.D)Notmanyofthemunderstoodtheprogram.

Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

23.A)Atafair.B)Atacafeteria.C)Inacomputerlab.D)Inashoppingmall.

24.A)Thelatestcomputertechnology.B)Theorganizingofanexhibition.

C)Thepurchasingofsomeequipment.D)Thedramaticchangesinthejobmarket.

25.A)Datacollection.B)Trainingconsultancy.C)Corporatemanagement.D)InfoiTnationprocessing.

SectionB

PassageOne

Questions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

26.A)Improvethemselves.B)Getridofemptydreams.

C)Followtheculturaltradition.D)Attemptsomethingimpossible.

27.A)Byfindingsufficientsupportforimplementation.

B)Bytakingintoaccounttheirownabilitytochange.

C)Byconstantlykeepinginmindtheirultimategoals.

D)Bymakingdetailedplansandcarryingthemout.

28.A)Toshowpeoplehowtogettheirlivesbacktonormal.

B)Toshowhowdifficultitisforpeopletoloseweight.

C)Toremindpeopletocheckthecaloriesonfoodbags.

D)Toillustratehoweasilypeopleabandontheirgoals.

PassageTwo

Questions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

29.A)MichaePsparentsgotdivorced.B)KarenwasadoptedbyRayAnderson.

C)Karen'smotherdiedinacaraccident.D)Atruckdriverlosthislifeinacollision.

30.A)Heranaredlightandcollidedwithatruck.B)Hesacrificedhislifetosaveababygirl

C)Hewaskilledinstantlyinaburningcar.D)HegotmarriedtoKaren9smother.

31.A)Thereportedheroturnedouttobehisfather.B)Hedidnotunderstandhisfathertilltoolate.

C)Suchmisfortuneshouldhavefallenonhim.D)Itremindedhimofhismiserablechildhood.

PassageThree

Questions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

32.A)Germany.B)JapanC)TheU.S.D)TheU.K.

33.A)Bydoingoddjobsatweekends.B)Byworkinglonghourseveryday.

C)Byputtinginmorehourseachweek.D)Bytakingshortervacationseachyear.

34.A)TocombatcompetitionandraiseproductivityB)Toprovidethemwithmorejobopportunities.

C)Tohelpthemmaintaintheirlivingstandard.D)Topreventthemfromholdingasecondjob.

35.A)Changetheirjobs.B)Earnmoremoney.

C)Reducetheirworkinghours.D)Strengthenthegovernment'srole.

SectionC

Nursing,asatypicallyfemaleprofession,mustdealconstantlywiththefalseimpressionthatnursesarethere

towaitonthephysician.Asnurses,weare(36)toprovidenursingcareonly.Wedonothaveany

legalormoral(37)toanyphysician.Weprovidehealthteaching,(38)physicalaswellas

emotionalproblems,(39)patient-relatedservices,andmakeallofournursingdecisionsbasedupon

whatisbestorsuitableforthepatient.If,inany(40),wefeelthataphysician'sorderis(41)

orunsafe,wehavealegal(42)toquestionthatorderorrefusetocarryitout.

Nursingisnotanine-to-fivejobwitheveryweekendoff.Allnursesareawareofthatbeforetheyenterthe

profession.Theemotionalandphysicalstress.However,thatoccursduetooddworkinghoursisa(43)

reasonforalotofthecareerdissatisfaction.(44).That

disturbsourpersonallives,disruptsoursleepingandeatinghabits,andisolatesusfromeverythingexcept

job-relatedfriendsandactivities.

Thequalityofnursingcareisbeingaffecteddramaticallybythesesituations.(45)

.Consumersofmedicallyrelatedserviceshaveevidentlynotbeen

affectedenoughyettodemandchangesinourmedicalsystem.Butiftrendscontinueaspredicted,(46)

PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)

SectionA

Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Googleisaworld-famouscompany,withitsheadquartersinMountainView,California.Itwassetupina

SiliconValleygaragein1998,andinflated(膨脹)withtheInternetbubble.Evenwheneverythingaroundit

collapsedthecompanykeptoninflating.Google'ssearchengineissowidespreadacrosstheworldthatsearch

becameGoogle,andgooglebecameaverb.Theworldfellinlovewiththeeffective,fascinatinglyfast

technology.

GoogleowesmuchofitssuccesstothebrillianceofS.BrinandL.Page,butalsotoaseriesoffortunateevents.

ItwasPagewho,atStanfordin1996,initiatedtheacademicprojectthateventuallybecameGoogle'ssearch

engine.Brin,whohadmetPageatastudentorientationayearearlier,joinedtheprojectearlyon.Theywere

bothPh.D.candidateswhentheydevisedthesearchenginewhichwasbetterthantherestand,withoutany

marketing,spreadbywordofmouthfromearlyadoptersto,eventually,yourgrandmother.

Theirbreakthrough,simplyput,wasthatwhentheirsearchenginecrawledtheWeb,itdidmorethanjustlook

forwordmatches,italsotallied(統(tǒng)計(jì))andrankedahostofothercriticalfactorslikehowwebsiteslinktoone

another.Thatdeliveredfarbetterresultsthananythingelse.BrinandPagemeanttonametheircreation

Googol(themathematicaltermforthenumber1followedby100zeroes),butsomeonemisspelledthewordso

itstuckasGoogle.Theyraisedmoneyfromprescient(有先見之明的)professorsandventurecapitalists,and

movedoffcampustoturnGoogleintobusiness.Perhapstheirbiggeststrokeofluckcameearlyonwhenthey

triedtoselltheirtechnologytoothersearchengines,butnoonemettheirprice,andtheybuiltitupontheir

own.

Thenextbreakthroughcamein2000,whenGooglefiguredouthowtomakemoneywithitsinvention.Ithad

lotsofusers,butalmostnoonewaspaying.Thesolutionturnedouttobeadvertising,andit'snotan

exaggerationtosaythatGoogleisnowessentiallyanadvertisingcompany,giventhatthat'sthesourceof

nearlyallitsrevenue.Todayitisagiantadvertisingcompany,worth$100billion.

47.Apartfromaseriesoffortunateevents,whatisitthathasmadeGooglesosuccessful?

48.Google'ssearchengineoriginatedfromstartedbyL.Page.

49.HowdidGoogle'ssearchenginespreadallovertheworld?

50.BrinandPagedecidedtosetuptheirownbusinessbecausenoonewould.

51.TherevenueoftheGooglecompanyislargelygeneratedfrom.

SectionB

PassageOne

Questions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Youheartherefrainallthetime:theU.S.economylooksgoodstatistically,butitdoesn'tfeelgood.Why

doesn'tever-greaterwealthpromoteever-greaterhappiness?Itisaquestionthatdatesatleasttothe

appearancein1958ofTheAffluentSocietybyJohnKennethGalbraith,whodiedrecentlyat97.

TheAffluentSocietyisamodernclassicbecauseithelpeddefineanewmomentinthehumancondition.For

mostofhistory,"'hunger,sickness,andcoldMthreatenednearlyeveryone,Galbraithwrote."'Povertywasfound

everywhereinthatworld.Obviouslyitisnotofours."AfterWorldWarII,thedreadofanotherGreat

Depressiongavewaytoaneconomicboom.Inthe1930sunemploymenthadaveraged18.2percent;inthe

1950sitwas4.5percent.

ToGalbraith,materialismhadgonemadandwouldbreeddiscontent.Throughadvertising,companies

conditionedconsumerstobuythingstheydidn'treallywantorneed.Becausesomuchspendingwasartificial,

itwouldbeunfulfilling.Meanwhile,governmentspendingthatwouldmakeeveryonebetteroffwasbeing

cutdownbecausepeopleinstinctively—andwrongly-labeledgovernmentonlyas“anecessaryevil.^^

It'softensaidthatonlythericharegettingahead;everyoneelseisstandingstillorfallingbehind.Well,there

aremanyundeservingrich-overpaidchiefexecutives,forinstance.Butoveranymeaningfulperiod,most

people'sincomesareincreasing.From1995to2004,inflation-adjustedaveragefamilyincomerose14.3

percent,to$43,200.peoplefeel“squeezed“becausetheirrisingincomesoftendon'tsatisfytheirrising

wants-forbiggerhomes,morehealthcare,moreeducation,fasterInternetconnections.

Theothergreatfrustrationisthatithasnoteliminatedinsecurity.Peopleregardjobstabilityaspartoftheir

standardofliving.Ascorporatelayoffsincreased,thatparthaseroded.Moreworkersfearthey'vebecome“the

disposableAmerican,asLouisUchitelleputsitinhisbookbythesamename.

Becausesomuchprevioussufferingandsocialconflictstemmedfrompoverty,thearrivalofwidespread

affluencesuggestedutopian（烏托邦式的）possibilities.Uptoapoint,affluencesucceeds.Thereismuchles

physicalmiserythanbefore.Peoplearebetteroff.Unfortunately,affluencealsocreatesnewcomplaintsand

contradictions.

Advancedsocietiesneedeconomicgrowthtosatisfythemultiplyingwantsoftheircitizens.Butthequestfor

growthletsloosenewanxietiesandeconomicconflictsthatdisturbthesocialorder.Affluenceliberatesthe

individual,promisingthateveryonecanchooseauniquewaytoself-fulfillment.Butthepromiseisso

extravagantthatitpredestinesmanydisappointmentsandsometimesinspireschoicesthathaveanti-social

consequences,includingfamilybreakdownand(月巴胖癥).Statisticalindicatorsofhappinesshavenot

risenwithincomes.

Shouldwebesurprised?Notreally.We'vesimplyreaffirmedanoldtruth:thepursuitofaffluencedoesnot

alwaysendwithhappiness.

52.WhatquestiondoesJohnKennethGalbraithraiseinhisbookTheAjfluentSociety?

A)Whystatisticsdon'ttellthetruthabouttheeconomy.B)Whyaffluencedoesn'tguaranteehappiness.

C)Howhappinesscanbepromotedtoday.D)Whatliesbehindaneconomicboom.

53.AccordingtoGalbraith,peoplefeeldiscontentedbecause.

A)publicspendinghasn'tbeencutdownasexpectedB)thegovernmenthasprovedtobeanecessaryevil

C)theyareinfearofanotherGreatDepressionD)materialismhasrunwildinmodernsociety

54.Whydopeoplefeelsqueezedwhentheiraverageincomerisesconsiderably?

A)Theirmaterialpursuitshavegonefaraheadoftheirearnings.B)Theirpurchasingpowerhasdropped

markedlywithinflation.C)Thedistributionofwealthisunevenbetweenther5ichandthepoor.D)Healthcare

andeducationalcosthavesomehowgoneoutofcontrol.

55.WhatdoesLouisUchitellemeanby“thedisposableAmerican^^(Line3,Para.5)?

A)Thosewhoseejobstabilityaspartoftheirlivingstandard.B)Peoplefullofutopianideasresultingfrom

affluence.C)PeoplewhohavelittlesayinAmericanpolitics.D)Workerswhonolongerhavesecurejobs.

56.WhathasaffluencebroughttoAmericansociety?

A)Renewedeconomicsecurity.B)Asenseofself-fulfillment.

C)Newconflictsandcomplaints.D)Miseryandanti-socialbehavior.

P、assageTwo

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Theuseofdeferential(敬重的)languageissymbolicoftheConfucianidealofthewoman,whichdominates

conservativegendernormsinJapan.Thisidealpresentsawomanwhowithdrawsquietlytothebackground,

subordinatingherlifeandneedstothoseofherfamilyanditsmalehead.Sheisadutifuldaughter,wife,and

mother,masterofthedomesticarts.ThetypicalrefinedJapanesewomanexcelsinmodestyanddelicacy;she

"treadssoftly(謹(jǐn)言慎行)intheworld,elevatingfemininebeautyandgracetoanartform.

Nowadays,itiscommonlyobservedthatyoungwomenarenotconformingtothefemininelinguistic(語言的)

ideal.Theyareusingfeweroftheverydeferential“women's"forms,andevenusingthefewstrongformsthat

areknowas"men's."This,ofcourse,attractsconsiderableattentionandhasledtoanoutcryintheJapanese

mediaagainstthedefeminizationofwomen'slanguage.Indeed,wedidn'thearabout"men'slanguage^^until

peoplebegantorespondtogirls'appropriationofformsnormallyreservedforboysandmen.Thereis

considerablesentimentaboutthe“corruption“ofwomen'slanguage-whichofcourseisviewedaspartofthe

lossoffeminineidealsandmorality-andthissentimentiscrystallizedbynationwideopinionpollsthatare

regularlycarriedoutbythemedia.

YoshikoMatsumotohasarguedthatyoungwomenprobablyneverusedasmanyofthehighlydeferential

formsasolderwomen.Thishighlypolitestyleisnodoubtsomethingthatyoungwomenhavebeenexpectedto

“growinto”—afterall,itisassignnotsimplyoffemininity,butofmaturityandrefinement,anditsusecould

betakentoindicateachangeinthenatureofone'ssocialrelationsaswell.Onemightwellimaginelittlegirls

usingexceedinglypoliteformswhenplayinghouseorimitatingolderwomen—inafashionanalogoustolittle

girls'useofahigh-pitchedvoicetodo"teachertalk"or"mothertalk“inroleplay.

ThefactthatyoungJapanesewomenareusinglessdeferentiallanguageisasuresignofchange-ofsocial

changeandoflinguisticchange.Butitismostcertainlynotasignofthe“masculization“ofgirls.Insome

instances,itmaybeasignthatgirlsaremakingthesameclaimtoauthorityasboysandmen,butthatisvery

differentfromsayingthattheyaretryingtobe“masculine."KatsueReynoldshasarguedthatgirlsnowadays

areusingmoreassertivelanguagestrategiesinordertobeabletocompetewithboysinschoolsandout.Social

changealsobringsnotsimplydifferentpositionsforwomenandgirls,butdifferentrelationstolifestages,and

adolescentgirlsareparticipatinginnewsubculturalforms.Thuswhatmay,toanolderspeaker,seemlike

“masculine“speechmayseemtoanadolescentlike“l(fā)iberated"or"hip”speech.

57.Thefirstparagraphdescribesindetail.

A)thestandardssetforcontemporaryJapanesewomenB)theConfucianinfluenceongendernormsinJapan

C)thestereotypedroleofwomeninJapanesefamiliesD)thenormsfortraditionalJapanesewomentofollow

58.Whatchangehasbeenobservedintoday'syoungJapanesewomen?

A)Theypaylessattentiontotheirlinguisticbehavior.B)Theusefewerofthedeferentiallinguisticforms.

C)Theyconfusemaleandfemaleformsoflanguage.D)Theyemployverystronglinguisticexpressions.

59.Howdosomepeoplereacttowomen'sappropriationofmen'slanguageformsasreportedintheJapanese

media?

A)Theycallforacampaigntostopthedefeminization.B)Theseeitasanexpressionofwomen'ssentiment.

C)Theyacceptitasamodemtrend.D)Theyexpressstrongdisapproval.

60.AccordingtoYoshikoMatsumoto,thelinguisticbehaviorobservedintoday'syoungwomen.

A)mayleadtochangesinsocialrelationsB)hasbeentrueofallpastgenerations

C)isviewedasasignoftheirmaturityD)isaresultofrapidsocialprogress

61.TheauthorbelievesthattheuseofassertivelanguagebyyoungJapanesewomenis.

A)asuresignoftheirdefeminizationandmaturationB)anindicationoftheirdefianceagainstsocialchange

C)oneoftheirstrategiestocompeteinamale-dominatedsocietyD)aninevitabletrendoflinguistic

developmentinJapantoday

PartVCloze(15minutes)

Historically,humansgetseriousaboutavoidingdisastersonlyafteronehasjuststruckthem.62thatlogic,

2006shouldhavebeenabreakthroughyearforrationalbehavior.Withthememoryof9/11still63intheir

minds,AmericanswatchedhurricaneKatrina,themostexpensivedisasterinU.S.history,on64TV.

Anyonewhodidn'tknowitbeforeshouldhavelearnedthatbadthingscanhappen.Andtheyaremade65

worsebyourwillfulblindnesstoriskasmuchasour66toworktogetherbeforeeverythinggoestohell.

Granted,someamountofdelusionisprobablypartofthe67condition.InA.D.63,Pompeiiwas

seriouslydamagedbyanearthquake,andthelocalsimmediatelywenttowork68.inthesamespot-until

theywereburiedaltogetherbyavolcanoeruption16yearslater.Buta69ofthepastyearindisaster

historysuggeststhatmodemAmericansareparticularlybadat70themselvesfromguaranteedthreats.We

knowmorethanwe71didaboutthedangersweface.Butitturns72thatintimesofcrisis,our

greatestenemyis73thestorm,thequakeorthe74itself.Moreoften,itisourselves.

Sowhathashappenedintheyearthat75thedisasterontheGulfCoast?InNewOrleans,theArmyCorps

ofEngineershasworkeddayandnighttorebuildthefloodwalls.Theyhavegotthewallsto76they

werebeforeKatrina,moreorless.That'snot77、wecannowsaywithconfidence.Butitmaybeall

78canbeexpectedfromoneyearofhustle(忙碌).

Meanwhile,NewOrleansofficialshavecraftedaplantousebusesandtrainsto79thesickandthe

disabled.Thecityestimatesthat15,000peoplewillneeda80out.However,stateofficialshavenotyet

determinedwherethesepeoplewillbetaken.The81withneighboringcommunitiesareongoingand

difficult.

62.A)ToB)ByC)OnD)For

63.A)freshB)obviousC)apparentD)evident

64.A)visualB)vividC)liveD)lively

65.A)littleB)lessC)moreD)much

66.A)reluctanceB)rejectionC)denialD)decline

67.A)naturalB)worldC)socialD)human

68.A)revisingB)refiningC)rebuildingD)retrieving

69.A)reviewB)reminderC)conceptD)prospect

70.A)preparingB)protestingC)protectingD)prevailing

71.A)neverB)ever