大學(xué)英語四級考試模擬試卷119_第1頁
大學(xué)英語四級考試模擬試卷119_第2頁
大學(xué)英語四級考試模擬試卷119_第3頁
大學(xué)英語四級考試模擬試卷119_第4頁
大學(xué)英語四級考試模擬試卷119_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩15頁未讀, 繼續(xù)免費閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進行舉報或認領(lǐng)

文檔簡介

大學(xué)英語四級考試模擬試卷119

(總分:710.00,做題時間:125分鐘)

PartIWriting(總題數(shù):1,分數(shù):0.00)

1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay.

Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthencomment

onthepracticeofsettingaone-size-fits-allstandardforstudents.Youshouldwriteat

least120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

MyViewonthePracticeofSettingaOne-Size-Fits-AIIStandardforStudents

(分薪106.50)

正確答案:([范文]

MyViewonthePracticeofSettingaOne-Size-Fits-AIIStandardforStudents

Inthepicture,ateacherisholdingapairofscissorsandreadytocutthe

wingsonthebackofoneofhisstudents.Actually,thewingsoftwootherstudents

havebeencutintopiecesontheground.

Thispictureundoubtedlycondemnsthedamagesthatthepracticeofsetting

aone-size-fits-allstandardhasdonetoyoungstudents.Thewings,representativeof

dreamsandimagination,areclippedbythecruelteacherwhoforceshisstudentsto

conformtoasingularstandard.

Asstudentmyself,Iurgeteacherstoreexaminesuchpractices.Infact,two

thousandyearsago,thegreatthinkerConfuciussuggestedthatweshouldeducate

studentsinwaysthatsuitedtheirowndifferences.Thisadviceisstilltrueand

especiallytruefortoday'steachers.What'smore,thepurposeofeducationshould

betotrainindependentthinkers,ratherthanmassivelyproducemachineswitha

similarbrain.)

解析:這是一篇看圖作文。要求考生先簡單描述圖片內(nèi)容,繼而就“一刀

切式的教育”這個話題發(fā)表自己的見解。根據(jù)題目要求,可將文章內(nèi)容安排如下:

第一段簡單描繪圖片內(nèi)容:一名教師手拿一把剪刀,正準備剪掉學(xué)生背后

的翅膀。

第二段點明圖片意圖:譴責(zé)“一刀切式”教育對學(xué)生造成的傷害。

第三段發(fā)表個人見解:不贊同老師將學(xué)生訓(xùn)練得整齊劃一。原因有二:一

是孔子曾提出的“因材施教”理念。二是教育的要務(wù)是培養(yǎng)不同學(xué)生的獨立思考

能力,而非要大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)思想相似的機器。

[參考譯文]圖中一名教師正拿著一把剪刀,準備剪掉其中一個學(xué)生背后的

翅膀。事實上,已經(jīng)有兩名學(xué)生的翅膀被剪成碎片散落在地上了。

該圖無疑譴責(zé)了“一刀切式”的教育對年輕學(xué)生所造成的損害。翅膀代表

著夢想和想象力,但卻橫遭老師的摧殘,原因是老師想迫使學(xué)生迎合統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準。

身為學(xué)生的我想敦促老師們重新審視此種教育模式。實際上,兩千年前,

偉大的思想家孔子就提出應(yīng)因材施教。該思想在今天對教師來說仍然適用,而且

尤為適用。此外,教育的目的應(yīng)該是培養(yǎng)能獨立思考的個體,而不是大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)

思想相似的機器。

PartIIListeningComprehension(總題數(shù):0,分數(shù):0.00)

SectionA(總題數(shù):7,分數(shù):0.00)

.Questions1and2willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.

1.(分數(shù):14.20)

A.Christmas-timeattacksmadebySomalirebels.

B.AnexplosionatabusstationincentralNairobi.V

C.Thekillingofmorethan70UgandansinKampala.

0.BlastssetoffbyaSomaligroupinUganda'scapital.

解析:[聽力原文]

Kenyanpolicesayonepersonwaskilledand26injuredinanexplosionata

busstationincentralNairobi.TheblasthitabusabouttosetofffortheUgandan

capitalKampala.LastJuly,theSomaligroupal-Shababsaiditwasbehindtheblastsin

theUgandancapitalwhichkilledmorethan70people.WillRossreportsfromthe

Kenyancapital.

Theexplosionhappenedbesideabuswhichwasabouttosetoffforan

overnightjourneyfromNairobitotheUgandancapitalKampala.Someeyewitnesses

reportthatabagwasabouttobeloadedonboard,butitexplodedduringasecurity

check.Windowsoftheredbuswereleftsmashed,andbloodcouldbeseenonthe

groundbesidethevehicle.Justhoursearlier,Uganda'spolicechiefhadwarnedof

possibleChristmas-timeattacksbySomalirebels.

Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout?

本題為主旨題。新聞報道通常開篇便直接點出報道的主題。錄音首句說,肯

尼亞警方公布關(guān)于一起在內(nèi)羅比中部某巴士站發(fā)生的爆炸事件的情況(an

explosionatabusstationincentralNairobi),B基本是對此處錄音關(guān)鍵信息的原詞

復(fù)現(xiàn),故為答案。A出現(xiàn)在錄音末尾,但錄音結(jié)尾說的是烏干達警方早前發(fā)出的

恐襲警告,與本篇新聞的主題“肯尼亞這次爆炸事件”不符。C出自錄音前面部

分,但這是發(fā)生在去年7月的事情,也非本篇新聞主題。D利用原詞setoff進行

干擾。

.Questions3and4willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.

3.(分數(shù):14.20)

A.ltislikelytoclosemanyofitsstores.J

B.ltisknownforthequalityofitsgoods.

C.ltremainscompetitiveintherecession.

D.ltwillexpanditsonlineretailbusiness.

解析:[聽力原文]

WoolworthsisoneofthebestknownnamesontheBritishHighStreet.It's

beeninbusinessnearlyacentury.Manyofits800storesarelikelytoclosefollowing

thecompany'sdecisiontocallinadministratorsafteranattempttosellthebusiness

foratoken£1failed.

Thecompanyhashugedebts.Theimmediatecauseforthecollapsehasbeen

Britain'sslidetowardrecession,whichhascutintoconsumerspending.However,the

businesshadbeenintroubleforyears.

Knownforlow-pricedgeneralgoods,Woolworthshasstruggledinthefaceof

competitionfromsupermarketsexpandingbeyondgroceriesandanewgeneration

ofinternetretailers.

Manyofthestoregroup's25,000employeesarelikelytolosetheirjobs.

SomeprofitableareassuchastheDVDpublishingbusinesswillsurvive.

WhatdowelearnaboutWoolworthsfromthenewsreport?

本題考查細節(jié)信息。本篇新聞講的是沃爾沃斯公司(Woolworths)的情況,開

篇不久就說到該公司800家門店中有很多可能會關(guān)閉(Manyofits800storesare

likelytoclose),A"它很可能會關(guān)閉許多門店”與錄音內(nèi)容相符,為本題答案。

錄音中后部分提到沃爾沃斯公司素以“廉價雜貨”出名,并非B所說的“它以商

品質(zhì)量著稱二錄音中段提到,導(dǎo)致沃爾沃斯公司垮掉的直接原因是英國的經(jīng)濟

衰退,C“它在經(jīng)濟衰退中仍保有競爭力”與報道事實相悖。錄音說到,沃爾沃

斯公司在面對來自超市和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)零售商的競爭時都已經(jīng)舉步維艱,更別說要擴展

網(wǎng)上零售業(yè)務(wù)了,故排除D"它會擴展其網(wǎng)絡(luò)零售業(yè)務(wù)二

.Questions5to7willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.

5.(分數(shù):21,30)

A.AIItaxisbegantousemeters.

B.AIItaxisgotairconditioning.

C.Advertisementswereallowedontaxis.

D.OIdtaxiswerereplacedwithnewcabs.J

解析:[聽力原文]

Cairoisknownforitsovercrowdedroads,irregulardrivingpracticesandshaky

oldvehicles,butalsoforitsairpollution.Inrecentmonths,though,environmental

studiesindicatetherehavebeensignsofimprovement.That'sdueinparttothe

removalofmanyofthecapital'sold-fashionedblackandwhitetaxis.Mostofthese

datedbacktothe1960sand70sandwereinapoorstateofrepair..

Afternewlegislationdemandedtheirremovalfromtheroads,alowinterest

loanschemewassetupwiththreeEgyptianbankssodriverscouldbuynewcars.The

governmentpaysabout$900foroldonestobediscardedandadvertisingonthe

newvehicleshelpscoverrepayments.

Theideahasprovedpopularwithcustomers——theycannowtravelin

air-conditionedcomfortmumbecausethenewcabsaremetered,theydon'thaveto

argueoverfares.Banksandearmanufacturersaregladfortheextrabusinessin

tougheconomictimes.Asforthetaxidrivers,mostaredelightedtobebehindthe

wheelofnewcars,althoughtherehavebeenafewcomplaintsaboutswitchingfrom

blackandwhitetoaplainwhitecolour.

WhatchangetookplaceinCairorecently?

題目問開羅最近發(fā)生了什么改變。新聞開頭先說開羅的交通狀況十分糟糕,

且空氣污染嚴重,接著話鋒一轉(zhuǎn),說近幾個月來有所改善,部分原因是撤掉了許

多老舊出租車。D“舊出租車換成了新車”與錄音內(nèi)容相符,為本題答案。報道

提到“舊車換成新車”受到乘客歡迎,因為他們?nèi)缃褡鲎廛嚳梢韵硎艿娇照{(diào)帶

來的舒適感,并且由于新車裝有咪表,他們無須再跟司機討價還價。A、B說法

過于絕對(Alltaxis),錄音開頭只是說撤掉了許多舊出租車(removalofmanyof...),

many并不等同于AIL新聞里是說在新車上打廣告的收入有助于司機償還車款,

并未提及之前是否允許在出租車上做廣告,C的說法缺乏依據(jù)。

SectionB(總題數(shù):8,分數(shù):0.00)

.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.(分數(shù):28.40)

A.lthasapartnershipwithLCP.

B.ltisheadquarteredinLondon.

C.ltspecializesinsafetyfromleaks.

D.lthasachemicalprocessingplant.V

解析:[聽力原文]

W:Morning,thisisTGC.

M:Goodmorning.WalterBarryhere,callingfromLondon.CouldIspeakto

Mr.Grand,please?

W:Who'scalling,please?

M:WalterBarry,fromLondon.

W:Whatisitabout,please?

M:Well,Iunderstandthatyourcompanyhasachemicalprocessingplant.My

owncompany,LCP,LiquidControlProducts,isaleaderinsafetyfromleaksinthe

fieldofchemicalprocessing.IwouldliketospeaktoMr.Grandtodiscusswaysin

whichwecouldhelpTGCprotectitselffromsuchproblemsandsavemoneyatthe

sametime.

W:Yes,Isee.Well,Mr.Grandisnotavailablejustnow.

M:CanyoutellmewhenIcouldreachhim?

W:He'sverybusyforthenextfewdays一thenhellbeawayinNewYork.So

it'sdifficulttogiveyouatime.

M:CouldIspeaktosomeoneelse,perhaps?

W:Whoinparticular?

M:Acolleagueforexample?

W:You'respeakingtohispersonalassistant.IcandealwithcallsforMr.

Grand.

M:Yes,well,couldIringhimtomorrow?

W:No,I'msorryhewon'tbefreetomorrow.Listen,letmesuggestsomething.

Yousendusdetailsofyourproductsandservices,togetherwithreferencesfrom

othercompaniesandthenwe'llcontactyou.

M:Yes,that'sverykindofyou.Ihaveyouraddress.

W:Verygood,Mr...

M:Barry.WalterBarryfromLCPinLondon.

W:Right,Mr.Barry.Welookforwardtohearingfromyou.

M:Thankyou.Goodbye.

W:Bye.

Whatdowelearnaboutthewoman'scompany?

該題考查女士公司的情況。男士了解到女士的公司有化學(xué)加工工廠(chemical

processingplant)0D所述與此相符,故為答案。根據(jù)對話,LCP在試圖與女士所

在的公司建立伙伴關(guān)系,目前尚未開展合作,故A“它和LCP公司有合作關(guān)系”

不對。B“它的總部在倫敦”指的是男士公司的情況。C”它專攻泄露安全”是男

士公司的業(yè)務(wù),而非女士公司的專攻方向。

.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyonhavejustheard.

5.(分數(shù):28.40)

A.Teacher.V

BJournalist.

C.Editor.

D.Typist.

解析:[聽力原文]

M:You'regoingtowearoutthecomputer'skeyboard!

W:Oh,hi.

M:Doyouhaveanyideawhattimeitis?

W:Abouttenorten-thirty?

M:It'snearlymidnight.

W:Really?Ididn'tknowitwassolate.

M:Don'tyouhaveanearlyclasstoteachtomorrowmorning?

W:Yes,atseveno'clock.Mycommuterclass,thestudentswhogotowork

rightaftertheirlesson.

M:Thenyououghttogotobed.Whatareyouwriting,anyway?

W:AnarticleIhopeIcansell.

M:Oh,anotherofyournewspaperpieces?What'sthisoneabout?

W:DoyourememberthetripItooklastmonth?

M:TheoneuptotheAmazon?

W:Well,that'swhatI'mwritingabout一thenewhighwayandthechangesit's

makingintheAmazonvalley.

M:Itshouldbeinteresting.

W:Itis.Iguessthat'swhyIforgotallaboutthetime.

M:Howmanyarticleshaveyousoldnow?

W:Aboutadozensofar.

M:Whatkindofnewspapersbuythem?

W:Thepapersthatcarryalotofforeignnews.Theyusuallyappearinthebig

Sundayeditionswheretheyneedalotofbackgroundstoriestohelpfillupthespace

betweentheads.

M:Isthereanyfutureinit?

W:Ihopeso.There'sachanceImaysellthisarticletoanewsservice.

M:Thenyourstorywouldbepublishedinseveralpapers,wouldn'tit?

W:That'stheidea.AndImightevenbeabletodootherstoriesonaregular

basis.

M:Thatwouldbegreat.

Whatisthewoman'soccupation?

對話中男士問女士“你明天一早沒有課要教嗎?”女士回答“有,早上七點,

一堂走讀班的課,學(xué)生上完課后還要去工作工由此可知,女士是一位老師。對

話首句說到了computer'skeyboard,但女士只是用電腦工作,而非D項"打字員"。

B項“記者”和C項“編輯”都是借女士后來所說的寫文章賣給報社所設(shè)置的陷

阱,看似相關(guān),實則不同,更非女士的本職工作。

SectionC(總題數(shù):0,分數(shù):0.00)

PassageOne(總題數(shù):3,分數(shù):0.00)

.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

1.(分數(shù):42.60)

A.Sheisbothapopularandahighlyrespectedauthor.V

B.Sheisthefirstwritertofocusonthefateofslaves.

C.SheisthemostlovedAfricannovelistofalltimes.

D.Sheisthemostinfluentialauthorsincethe1930's.

解析:[聽力原文]

Intoday'sclass,we'lldiscussToniMorrison'snovelBeloved.AsI'msureyou

allknow,Morrisonisbothapopularandahighlyrespectedauthor,andit'snoteasy

tobeboth.Bornin1931,Morrisonhaswrittensomeofthemosttouchingand

intelligentworksontheAfrican-Americanexperienceeverwrittenbyanyone,and

yettocallheran"African-Americanwriter"doesn'tseemtodoherjustice.Inmany

ways,she'ssimplyanAmericanwriter——andcertainlyoneofourbest.

Belovedisatrulyremarkablework.Itwasrecommendedfornearlyevery

majorliteraryprize,includingtheNationalBookAwardandtheNationalBookCritics

CircleAward,anditinfactwonthePulitzerPrizeforfictionin1988.Morrisonherself

isdistinguishedforhavingwontheNobelPrizeforliteraturein1993.

WhatmakesBeloveduniqueistheskillful,surewayinwhichMorrisonblends

intenselypersonalstorytellingandAmericanhistory,racialthemesandgender

themes,theexperienceofBlackswiththeexperienceofallpeopleeverywhere,the

down-to-earthrealityofslaverywithasenseofmysteriousspirituality.

Wellbepayingspecialattentiontothesethemesaswediscussthiswork.I'm

particularlyinterestedinyourviewsontherelativeimportanceofraceandgenderin

thisbook.IsitmoreimportantthatSethe,themaincharacter,isblackorthatshe'sa

woman?Whichcontributesmoretoherbeing?WhatdoesMorrisontellusabout

both?

WhatdowelearnaboutToniMorrison?

錄音提到Morrison是一個既受歡迎又備受尊敬的作家,要同時具備這兩點

不容易,A可直接從錄音原文中聽到。錄音只是提及Morrison寫非裔美國人的經(jīng)

歷,沒有B"她是第一位聚焦奴隸命運的作家”的相關(guān)表述:Morrison是美籍作

家,不是非洲小說家,故C“她是所有時代都備受喜愛的非洲小說家”不對;錄

音原文沒有把她的影響力與其他作家對比,故D“她是自20世紀30年代起最有

影響力的作家”沒有原文依據(jù)。

PassageTwo(總題數(shù):3,分數(shù):0.00)

.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

1.(分數(shù):42.60)

A.Theyareverygenerousingivinggifts.

B.Theyrefusegiftswhendoingbusiness.

C.Theyregardgiftsasatokenoffriendship.

D.Theygivegiftsonlyonspecialoccasions.V

解析:[聽力原文]

Thetopicofmytalktodayisgift-giving.Everybodylikestoreceivegifts,right?

Soyoumaythinkthatgift-givingisauniversalcustom.Butactually,therulesof

gift-givingvaryquitealot,andnotknowingthemcanresultingreatembarrassment.

InNorthAmerica,therulesarefairlysimple.Ifyou'reinvitedtosomeone'shomefor

dinner,bringwineorflowersorasmallitemfromyourcountry.Amongfriends,

family,andbusinessassociates,wegenerallydon'tgivegiftsonotheroccasions

exceptonsomeone*sbirthdayandChristmas.TheJapanese,ontheotherhand,give

giftsquitefrequently,oftentothanksomeonefortheirkindess.Thetraditionof

gift-givinginJapanisveryancient.Therearemanydetailedrulesforeverythingfrom

thecolorofthewrappingpapertothetimeofthegiftpresentation.Andwhile

Europeansdon'tgenerallyexchangebusinessgifts,theydofollowsomeformal

customswhenvisitinghomes,suchasbringingflowers.Thetypeandcolorofflowers,

however;cancarryspecialmeaning.

Todaywehaveseensomebroaddifferencesingift-giving.Icouldgoonwith

additionalexamples.Butlet'snotmissthemainpointhere:Ifwearenotawareof

andsensitivetoculturaldifferences,thepossibilitiesformiscommunicationand

conflictareenormous.Whetherwelearnaboutthesedifferencesbyreadingabook

orbylivingabroad,ourgoalmustbetorespectdifferencesamongpeopleinorderto

getalongsuccessfullywithourglobalneighbors.

Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutgift-givingofNorthAmericans?

錄音的開頭就介紹美國人的送禮習(xí)俗,其中提到在朋友、親人和生意伙伴之

間,除了生日和圣誕等特殊場合,一般不送禮(don'tgivegifts...exceptonsomeone's

birthdayandChristmas),D項“他們只在特殊場合送禮”,是對錄音內(nèi)容的反話正

說,表達內(nèi)容一致。A項中的generous“慷慨”沒有根據(jù)。雖然北美人只在特殊

場合送禮,但并不代表他們在談生意時不會收禮,B項錯誤。C項“他們把禮物

當(dāng)成友誼的象征”也沒有原文根據(jù)。

PassageThree(總題數(shù):4,分數(shù):0.00)

.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

1.(分數(shù):56.80)

A.Shetenderlylookedafterhersickmother.

B.Shedevelopedastronginterestinfinance.J

C.Shelearnedtowriteforfinancialnewspapers.

D.SheinvestedinstocksandsharesonWallStreet.

解析:[聽力原文]

HettyGreenwasaveryspoilt,onlychild.ShewasborninMassachusetts,USA,

in1835.Herfatherwasamillionairebusinessman.Hermotherwasoftenill,andso

fromtheageoftwoherfathertookherwithhimtoworkandtaughtherabout

stocksandshares.Attheageofsixshestartedreadingthedailyfinancialnewspapers

andopenedherownbankaccount.

Herfatherdiedwhenshewas21andsheinherited$7.5million.Shewentto

NewYorkandinvestedonWallStreet.Hettysavedeverypenny,eatinginthe

cheapestrestaurantsfor15cents.Shebecameoneoftherichestandmosthated

womenintheworld.At33shemarriedEdwardGreen,amultimillionaire,andhad

twochildren,NedandSylvia.

Hetty'smeannesswaswellknown.Shealwaysarguedaboutpricesinshops.

Shewalkedtothelocalgrocerystoretobuybrokenbiscuitswhichweremuch

cheaper,andtogetafreeboneforhermuchloveddog.Onceshelostatwo-cent

stampandspentthenightlookingforit.Sheneverboughtclothesandalwayswore

thesamelong,raggedblackskirt.Worstofall,whenhersonNedfellandinjuredhis

knee,sherefusedtopayforadoctorandspenthourslookingforfreemedicalhelp.

IntheendNedlosthisleg.

Whenshediedin1916sheleftherchildren$100million.Herdaughterbuilta

hospitalwithhermoney.

WhatdowelearnaboutHettyGreenasachild?

錄音提到HettyGreen從6歲開始就閱讀財經(jīng)日報,并開設(shè)了個人銀行賬戶。

B“她對財經(jīng)產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣”是對該信息的概括,故為答案。錄音開頭介紹

過HettyGreen的母親身體不好,但沒說她照顧母親,因此A“她體貼地照看生

病的母親”不對。錄音說的是HettyGreen從小開始看財經(jīng)報紙,而非C“她學(xué)

著為財經(jīng)報紙寫稿:在華爾街投資是HettyGreen在21歲以后做的事情,題目

問她小時候的情況,故應(yīng)排除D“她在華爾街投資股票和證券”。

PartIIIReadingComprehension(總題數(shù):0,分數(shù):0.00)

SectionA(總題數(shù):10,分數(shù):0.00)

.Theoceanisheatingup.That'stheconclusionofanewstudythatfindsthat

Earth'soceansnow1heatattwicetheratetheydid18yearsago.Aroundhalf

ofoceanheatintakesince1865hastakenplacesince1997,researchersreportonline

inNatureClimateChange.

Warmingwatersareknownto2tocoralbleaching(珊瑚白化)and

theytakeupmorespacethancoolerwaters,raisingsea3.Whilethetopof

theoceaniswellstudied,itsdepthsaremoredifficultto4.Theresearchers

gathered150yearsofoceantemperaturedatainordertogetabetter5of

heatabsorptionfromsurfacetoseabed.Theygatheredtogethertemperature

readingscollectedbyeverythingfroma19thcentury6ofBritishnaval

shipstomodemautomatedoceanprobes.Theextensivedatasources,7with

computersimulations(計算機模擬),createdatimelineofoceantemperature

changes,includingcoolingfromvolcanicoutbreaksandwarmingfromfossil

fuel8.

About35percentoftheheattakeninbytheoceansduringtheindustrialera

nowresidesata9ofmorethan700meters,theresearchersfound.Theysay

they're10whetherthedeep-seawarmingcanceledoutwarmingatthesea's

surface.

A.absorb

B.combined

C.contribute

D.depth

E.emissions

F.excursion

G.explore

H.floor

I.heights

J.indifferent

K.levels

L.mixed

M.picture

N.unsure

0.voyage(分數(shù):35.50)

1.(分數(shù):3.55)

填空項1:___________________(正確答案:A)

解析:通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中缺少謂語動詞二與

后面theydid18yearsago中的did對應(yīng)。此外,空格前的時間副詞now提示,

空格處應(yīng)填入現(xiàn)在時的動詞。結(jié)合下一句的heatintake“熱量吸收”,可知詞庫

動詞中的absorb“吸收”符合要求,故選A。

[參考譯文]海洋正在升溫,這是一項新研究得出的結(jié)論。該研究發(fā)現(xiàn),現(xiàn)

在海洋吸收熱量的速度是18年前的兩倍。在發(fā)表于《自然氣候變化》(網(wǎng)絡(luò)版)

的報告中,研究人員稱,自1865年以來海洋吸收的熱量中,大約有一半是來自

于1997年以后。

已知海域變暖會造成珊瑚白化;而且相較于冷的水域,變暖的海域需占據(jù)

更大的空間,從而造成海平面上升。雖然海洋的表層已被深入研究,但要探索深

層海域,難度就大很多。研究人員收集了150年來的海洋溫度數(shù)據(jù),以便能更好

地了解從海面到海底的熱量吸收情況。他們通過能利用的一切事物來收集溫度數(shù)

據(jù),從19世紀英國海軍艦艇的航行記錄到現(xiàn)代自動化海洋探測儀。研究人員將

廣泛的數(shù)據(jù)源與計算機模擬相結(jié)合,創(chuàng)建了海洋溫度變化的年表,其中包括了火

山爆發(fā)導(dǎo)致的降溫和化石燃料排放物導(dǎo)致的變暖。

研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),工業(yè)時代海洋吸收的熱量中,大約35%儲存在700多米深

的水域。他們稱,不確定深海變暖是否抵消了海面的變暖。

2.(分數(shù):3.55)

填空項1:(正確答案:C)

解析:beknownto后通常有兩種用法:sth.beknowntosb.“為某人所知”

以及sth.beknowntod。sth.“人們已知,某物會后一種用法符合此處的

結(jié)構(gòu),故空格處應(yīng)填入動詞原形,且能與to構(gòu)成搭配。詞庫動詞原形中,只有

contribute符合此處的結(jié)構(gòu),contributeto表示"造成",代入空格,意為''已知

海域變暖會造成珊瑚白化”。

3.(分數(shù):3.55)

填空項1:(正確答案:K)

解析:空格前提到,變暖海域相比較冷水域而言,會占據(jù)更多空間。占據(jù)

更多空間,意味著“海平面”上升,sealevels表示“海平面”,故選K。本題需

注意排除heights“高度,海拔",heights指的是某物或某人的高度,一般不跟sea

連用,可排除。

4.(分數(shù):3.55)

填空項1:(正確答案:G)

解析:空格所在句為sth.isdifficultto...,其中to后應(yīng)填入動詞原形,與sth.

構(gòu)成動賓搭配,BPto...sth.isdifficulto由句首的While可知,空格所在分句與前

一分句形成“對比”,上一分句提到“海洋表層已被深入研究”,與之相對的應(yīng)是

“深層海域較難研究”,故空格處應(yīng)填入與studied“研究”近義的詞,詞庫中的

explore“探索”符合要求,故選G。

5.(分數(shù):3.55)

填空項1:(正確答案:M)

解析:空格前為abetter(形容詞比較級),空格后為介詞短語。f...,故空格

處應(yīng)填入可數(shù)名詞??崭袂疤岬?,研究人員收集了150年的海洋溫度數(shù)據(jù),這當(dāng)

然能讓研究人員更好地“了解”熱吸收情況。固定搭配togetabetterpictureof...,

表示“更好地理解……”,句意通順,故選M。

6.(分數(shù):3.55)

填空項1:(正確答案:0)

解析:空格前有不定冠詞a,空格后為介詞短語of...,故空格處應(yīng)填入被

19thcentury修飾的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。of后為Britishnavalships"英國海軍的船只”,

數(shù)據(jù)有關(guān)海洋,又與海軍有關(guān),故可推斷應(yīng)指船只在海洋中的行駛數(shù)據(jù)。詞庫名

詞中的voyage“航行”強調(diào)水陸或空中長距離的航行,符合語境,故答案選。。

本題需注意排除F項,excursion表示“旅行”時,通常指短途旅行,旅游度假等,

不如voyage貼切。

7.(分數(shù):3.55)

填空項1:(正確答案:B)

解析:觀察空格前后的成分,句子主干Theextensivedatasources...createda

timelineof...句子成分完艇,故空格所在的...withcomputersimulations是非謂語成

分,考慮填入非謂語動詞,即現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞,且能與with搭配。詞庫中

的combined"結(jié)合,組合”符合要求,填入文中,combinedwithcomputer

simulations相當(dāng)于whichiscombinedwith...,修飾datasources,指數(shù)據(jù)與計算機

模擬相結(jié)合,句意通順。L項mixed“混合”強調(diào)的是把各種成分混合起來,不

強調(diào)結(jié)合成一個有機整體,不如combined合適,故排除。

8.(分數(shù):3.55)

填空項1:(正確答案:E)

解析:仔細觀察空格所在的including短語,會發(fā)現(xiàn)coolingfromvolcanic

outbreaks和warmingfromfossilfuel...是對稱的結(jié)構(gòu),因此空格處應(yīng)填入跟

outbreaks一樣的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,詞庫的復(fù)數(shù)名詞中,只有emissions符合語法要求。

該詞有“排出物,排放物”的意思、,代入指“化石燃料排放物導(dǎo)致的變暖”,句

意通順,故選E。

9.(分數(shù):3.55)

填空項1:(正確答案:D)

解析:空格前有a,空格后為介詞短語of,因此空格處應(yīng)填入可數(shù)名詞單

數(shù)。根據(jù)下一句的deep-seawarming“深海變暖”,可推斷此處表示“工業(yè)時代

海洋吸收的熱量中,大約35%儲存在700多米深的水域”,詞庫中的depth“深

度”符合要求,故選D。

10.(分數(shù):3.55)

填空項1:(正確答案:N)

解析:空格后的關(guān)鍵詞whether“是否”說明這些研究人員對于“深海變

暖能否抵消海面變暖”是不確定的,詞庫中能表示不確定含義的詞為unsure,故

選No詞庫中的indifferent“冷漠的”后通常接介詞短語to...,不接從句,且

indifferent也沒有“不確定”的含義,可排除。

SectionB(總題數(shù):10,分數(shù):0,00)

TheSecrettoRaisingSmartKids

A.Ifirstbegantoinvestigatethebasisofhumanmotivation—andhow

peoplepersevereaftersetbacks一asapsychologygraduatestudentatYaleUniversity

inthe1960s.AnimalexperimentsbypsychologistsattheUniversityofPennsylvania

hadshownthatafterrepeatedfailures,mostanimalsconcludethatasituationis

hopelessandbeyondtheircontrol.Aftersuchanexperienceananimaloftenremains

passiveevenwhenitcaneffectchange——astatetheycalledlearnedhelplessness.

B.Peoplecanlearntobehelpless,too.Whydosomestudentsgiveupwhen

theyencounterdifficulty,whereasotherswhoarenomoreskilledcontinuetostrive

andlearn?Oneanswer,Isoondiscovered,layinpeople'sbeliefsaboutwhytheyhad

failed.

C.Inparticular,attributingpoorperformancetoalackofabilitydepresses

motivationmorethandoesthebeliefthatlackofeffortistoblame.WhenItolda

groupofschoolchildrenwhodisplayedhelplessbehaviorthatalackofeffortledto

theirmistakesinmath,theylearnedtokeeptryingwhentheproblemsgottough.

Anothergroupofhelplesschildrenwhoweresimplyrewardedfortheirsuccesson

easierproblemsdidnotimprovetheirabilitytosolvehardmathproblems.These

experimentsindicatedthatafocusoneffortcanhelpresolvehelplessnessand

generatesuccess.

D.Later,Idevelopedabroadertheoryofwhatseparatesthetwogeneral

classesoflearners一helplessversusmastery-oriented.Irealizedthesedifferenttypes

ofstudentsnotonlyexplaintheirfailuresdifferently,buttheyalsoholddifferent

"theories"ofintelligence.Thehelplessonesbelieveintelligenceisafixed

characteristic:youhaveonlyacertainamount,andthat'sthat.Icallthisa"fixed

mind-set(」里維模式)Mistakescracktheirself-confidencebecausetheyattribute

errorstoalackofability,whichtheyfeelpowerlesstochange.Theyavoidchallenges

becausechallengesmakemistakesmorelikely.Themastery-orientedchildren,onthe

otherhand,thinkintelligenceisnotfixedandcanbedevelopedthrougheducation

andhardwork.Suchchildrenbelievechallengesareenergizingratherthan

intimidating(令人生畏);theyofferopportunitiestolearn.Studentswithsucha

growthmind-setweredestined(注定)forgreateracademicsuccessandwerequite

likelytooutperformtheircounterparts.

E.Wevalidatedtheseexpectationsinastudyinwhichtwoother

psychologistsandImonitored373studentsfortwoyearsduringthetransitionto

juniorhighschool,whentheworkgetsmoredifficultandthegradingmorestrict,to

determinehowtheirmind-setsmightaffecttheirmathgrades.Atthebeginningof

seventhgrade,weassessedthestudents'mind-setsbyaskingthemtoagreeor

disagreewithstatementssuchas"Yourintelligenceissomethingverybasicabout

youthatyoucan'treallychange."Wethenassessedtheirbeliefsaboutotheraspects

oflearningandlookedtoseewhathappenedtotheirgrades.

F.Aspredicted,thestudentswithagrowthmind-setfeltthatlearningwasa

moreimportantgoalthangettinggoodgrades.Inaddition,theyheldhardworkin

highregard.Theyunderstoodthatevengeniuseshavetoworkhard.Confrontedbya

setbacksuchasadisappointingtestgrade,studentswithagrowthmind-setsaidthey

wouldstudyharderortryadifferentstrategy.Thestudentswhoheldafixed

mind-set,however,wereconcernedaboutlookingsmartwithlessregardforlearning.

Theyhadnegativeviewsofeffort,believingthathavingtoworkhardwasasignof

lowability.Theythoughtthatapersonwithtalentorintelligencedidnotneedto

workhardtodowell.Attributingabadgradetotheirownlackofability,thosewit

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評論

0/150

提交評論