高考新題型策略指導之七選五-1（適用于新高一）任務單學案

高考新題型策略指導自主學習任務單閱讀七選五（一）一、典例分析根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Yourbrainliestoyoualot.We’resorrytohavetotellyouthisbutit’strue.Evenwhenyourbrainisdoingimportantanddifficultstuff,you’renotawareofmostofwhat’sgoingon.___56___Forthemostpart,it’sdoingagreatjob,workinghardtohelpyousurviveandachieveyourgoalsinaplicatedworld.Becauseyouoftenhavetoreactquicklytoemergenciesandopportunities,yourbrainusuallytriestogetasimpleanswerinahurryratherthanaperfectanswerthattakestimetoworkout.Butastheworldisnotsimple,thismeansthatyourbrainhastotakeshortcutsandmakealotofassumptions.___57___Theproblemstartswhenthebraintakesininformationfromtheworldthroughthesenses.Evenifyouaresittingquietlyinaroom,yourbrainreceivesfarmoreinformationthanitcanholdontoorthanyouneedtodecidehowtoact.Youmaybeawareofthedetailedpatternofcoloursintherug,thephotographsonthewallandthesoundsofbirdsoutside.___58___Usuallythesethingsaren’timportantsowedon’toftennoticehowmuchinformationwelose.Whenpeoplelookatplicatedpictures,theycanidentifydifferencesiftheimagesremainstill.Butiftheimagemovesquickly,thentheyhavealotmoretrouble.___59___Totestthis,psychologistshavetriedmoreinterestingwaysofgettingpeopletofailtonoticethings.Inoneofourfavorites,aresearcherapproachessomeoneonthestreetandasksfordirections.Whilethepersonisreplying,workmencarryalargedoorbetweenthetwopeople,blockingtheirviewofeachother.Behindthecoverofthedoor,thepersonwhoaskedfordirectionsisreplacedbyanotherresearcherwhocarriesontheconversationasifnothinghadhappened.Evenwhenthesecondpersonlooksverydifferentfromthefirst,thepersongivingthedirectionshasonlyaboutafiftypercentchanceofnoticingthechange.___60___A.Yourbrain’sliesareinyourbestinterest—mostofthetime—buttheyalsoleadtopredictablemistakes.B.Thisisbecauseweimaginethatweremembermoredetailsthanwereallycan.C.Theexperimentsillustratethatyouperceiveonlyalittlebitofwhat’sgoingonintheworld.D.Yourbrainselectivelyprocessesdetailsthatareimportantforyoutonotice.E.Yourbrainperceivesmanyotheraspectsofthesceneinitiallybutquicklyforgetsthem.F.Thishappensbecauseourvisualmemoryisn’tverygood.G.Yourbraindoesn’tintendtolietoyou,ofcourse.二、應用實踐根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Passage1CharityshopsCharityshopsareshopsthatraisefunds(資金)fortheirparentcharitiesbysellingsecondhanddonatedgoods.Onlyregistered(注冊的)charitiescansetupcharityshops.___56___.Theyhelpcharitiesbyfundraising.Everyyear,charityshopsraisemorethan$295m,fundingcausessuchasmedicalresearch,overseasaid,homelesssheltersandanimalwelfareprojects,amongmanyothers.___57___Sellingsecondhandgoodspreventsthemgoingtolandfill(垃圾填埋地).Mostclothingthatcannotbesoldisrecycled,forexample.___58___.Inthe19thcentury,SalvationArmyshopssoldsecondhandclothing.Later,duringthe2ndWorldwar,othercharitiesstartedtorunshopsasawayofraisingmoneyforthewareffortandrelieving(緩解)hardship.Itwasaftertheconflicthadendedthatthefirstmodernstylecharityshopsappeared,sellingmainlydonatedgoodstoraiseasmuchmoneyaspossiblefortheirparentcharities.___59___.ItraisedfundstorelievehungerinGreece.A.Charitiesareimportant.B.Charityshopsareagoodidea.C.Warswitnessedthebirthofcharityshops.D.Besides,charityshopsbenefittheenvironment.E.TheSalvationArmywasapioneerincharityshops.F.Asfaraspossible,goodsthatarenotsoldarerecycled.G.ThefirstsuchshopwassetupbyOxfamin…根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。Passage2MostAmericansloveChinesefood.However,theChinesefoodservedinmostAmericanrestaurantsisverydifferentfromtheauthenticcuisineenjoyeddailybypeoplelivinginChina.________ThenmanyChineseimmigrantshadtroublelandingajobinAmerica.Tomakealiving,someofthemopenedrestaurants.Overtheseyears,ChinesecuisinehasbeenadaptedtoreflectWesterninfluence.A.ThehistoryofwesternizedChinesefoodstartedinthemid1800s.B.TherearesomanyregionsofChina,andtheyallpreparetheirdishesalittlebitdifferently.Passage3Basicfirstaidreferstoatemporaryformofhelpgiventosomeonewhohasbeeninjuredorhasgotsickduetochoking,aheartattack,drugsorothermedicalemergencies.________.Carefortheperson….Remembertostaycalm.…Perform30chestpressions.…Makesurethepersoniswarm.…C．PerformfirstaidimmediatelyD．HerearesometipsforfirstaidE.ItisimportanttotakethecorrectchestpressionsPassage4We’realwaysbeingtoldthatthesecrettohappinessliesinhelpingothers,Indeed,it’snaturaltowanttosupportthosewecareabout,especiallyifweareinapositiontodoso.________E.Butwecandomorebythinkingaboutthesupportweoffer.F.Sometimespeoplearetryingtomanagelifeintheirownway.Passage5Thepastisgoodfortwothings:thehappymemories,andthelessonsitprovides.Takesometimetothinkandcreatetwolists:One,yourTopFiveMostImportantLessonsLearnedintheYear.Andtwo,yourTopFiveFavoriteMemoriesoftheYear.________TakesometimetothinkRememberthewisdomofachildDon’tbangonthebeehive（蜂窩）F.Ifyouarefocusedonbadmemories,problems,andthingstoplainabout,theywilldrownyourmindandyourheart,andstingyourlife.G.Nowbeforeyouraceofftodothis,readtherestthatprovidesimportantperspectiveondoingthis.三、即時鞏固Peopleallhavegooddaysandbaddays.Andsomeofthebaddayshappenduetoeventsbeyondyourcontrol.___56___．Onewaytoincreasethepossibilitythatyouhaveagooddayistojoinin“gratification(喜悅)”activities,whichyouenjoyandyou’regoodat.___57___．However,ifyoudon’thavethetypeofjob,youcantakepartinotheractivitiesandfindthesameresult.___58___．Therearemanylittlepleasuresyoucanaddtoyourlife,suchastea,awarmbath,awalkintheparkandsoon.Aslongasyouenjoythem,theycanreallybrightenyoureveryday.Laughterisalsopartofhavingagoodday.That’swhyit’simportanttodowhatyoucantocreatejoyforyou.___59___．Afterall,ifyouarehumorous,youcanmoreeasilycenteronfunthings.Ifyoudon’thavemuchtime,onewaycanbeusedduringastressfulday.___60___．Youshouldachievethisbymakingyourplanflexibleandcheckingthateverythinginyourplanisnecessary.Beingbusyisokay,butwastingtimeandenergyontoomanyunnecessarythingscanjustleadtostress.A．Often,baddaysefromoverweightstress.B．Somepeopleexperiencejoyandhappinessatwork.C．Goodmoodsenableustonoticemorechances.D．Life’spleasuresarealsoabletoaddaquicklifttoyourmood.E.However,peopledohavepowerincreatingbetterdays.F.Soit’simportantespeciallyifyou’reabusypersontostaybalanced.G.Besides,developingasenseofhumoralsohelpsyouhaveagoodday.答案與解析一、典例分析【答案】GDEFC【解析】56.根據下句的it可以排除主語為復數(shù)的A選項。B選項thisisbecause，F(xiàn)選項thishappens的主語this指的都是現(xiàn)象，和it'sdoingagreatjob的it不符,所以這兩個選項也可以排除。第一段大意為大腦撒謊，第二段是大腦撒謊的原因，那么我們56題需要的是一個過渡句而不是一個主旨句或細節(jié)句。G選項復現(xiàn)了上一段的大意Yourbrainliestoyoualot。復現(xiàn)，就是作者在上下文不同位置對同一概念進行重復描述。這是為了保證完成前后銜接而經常采取的一種寫作手段。所以正確答案為G。57.該題位于段尾。段尾要重點閱讀前一兩句。鎖定關鍵詞takeshortcuts，只有D選項selectivelyprocessesimportantdetails意義相關，所以正確答案為D。58.該題位置居中，下一句主語為信號詞thesethings,上一句主語為you。只有選項E兩者都包括。選項中的thescene為概括詞，涵蓋了上文patternphotographssounds三個詞。perceive上下句均有同義詞，分別為beawareof,notice。所以正確答案為E.59.該題上文為現(xiàn)象，用this來指代，下文為原因。因此BF兩個選項邏輯合理，銜接正確，上文關鍵詞image和選項F中visual意義相關。所以正確答案為F。60.上文Totestthis實驗目的、havetriedmoreinterestingways實驗本身、Aresearcherapproaches是實驗過程，這些與選項中實驗theexperiments相關。所以C是正確答案。二、應用實踐Passage1【答案】BDEG【解析】56.根據下句信號詞they，排除主語為單數(shù)的EG選項。56題位于段首，所以我們選擇主旨句。所以B為正確答案。57.根據下文landfill發(fā)現(xiàn)詞匯相關的選項DF。而D選項與主題句為總分關系與后兩句為舉例說明關系。邏輯恰當。詞匯good,help，benefit也具有共同傾向。所以D為正確答案。58.根據次序詞later.找出選項CE中相當于次序的暗示詞birth和pioneer。由后兩句得知。救世軍商店在戰(zhàn)爭之前就開始賣二手服裝。所以排除C選項。所以E為正確答案。59.由下句信號詞it我們迅速排除主語為復數(shù)的選項。所以正確答案G。Passage2【答案】A【解析】根據空后的ThenmanyChineseimmigrantshadtroublelandingajobinAmerica.Tomakealiving,someofthemopenedrestaurants.Overtheseyears,ChinesecuisinehasbeenadaptedtoreflectWesterninfluences.當時，許多中國移民在美國找不到工作。為了謀生，他們中的一些人開了餐館。這些年來，中國菜已經適應了西方的影響）可知，A選項（西化的中國食物的歷史始于19世紀中期）和下文內容相呼應，inthemid1800s和下文的then相呼應，westernizedChinesefood和Westerninfluences相呼應，故選A。Passage3【答案】D【解析】根據空格前的內容“基本急救是指對因窒息、心臟病、藥物或其他醫(yī)療緊急情況而受傷或生病的人提供的臨時幫助?！痹俑鶕挛乃v述的是都是急救的方法。承接上句和下文，由此推知，D項Herearesometipsforfirstaid（這里有一些急救的小竅門）切題。故選D。Passage4【答案】E【解析】由上一句“確實，想要支持那些我們在乎的人是很正常的，特別是如果我們有能力這么做的話。”可知，E選項“但是，通過考慮我們提供的支持，我們可以做的更多。”承接上文，且選項中“thinkingaboutthesupportweoffer.”與下文“Whenweoffersupport,itmaynotalwaysbewanted.”相呼應，符合語境。故選E。Passage5【答案】G【解析】上文提示“花點時間思考并列兩個清單：一個是你一年中最重要的五個經驗教訓；第二，你一年中最喜歡的五件事。”承接上文，G項Nowbeforeyouraceofftodothis,re