安徽省黃山市2023-2024學年高二上學期期末質量檢測英語試題【含答案解析】

黃山市2023—2024學年度第一學期期末質量檢測高二英語試題本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分。滿分150分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。答案應寫在答題卷上，不能答在試題卷上。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whydoesthemantalktothewoman?A．Tomakeaninvitation．B．Togiveheradvice．C．Tocheckinformation．2．WhatdidthemandoonSaturday?A．Hetookadrumlesson．B．Heplayedchess．C．Hemadearobot．3．Wherearethespeakersprobably?A．Atthetrainstation．B．Attheairport．C．Atthebusstation．4．WhydoesHannahoftenplayballsports?A．Fortheexam．B．Forgoodhealth．C．Forpleasure．5．Whatdidthemanenjoymostlastnight?A．Thebread．B．Thecookies．C．Thepancakes．第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6．Whatdoesthemandislikedoing?A．Sweepingthefloor．B．Washingtheclothes．C．Cleaningthewindows．7．Whatdoesthemanthinkofwashingthedishes?A．It’senjoyable．B．It’sboring．C．It’sdifficult．聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8．Howlongdoesthewomanwanttostayinthehotel?A．Fortwonights．B．Forthreenights．C．Forfournights．9．Howdoesthemansuggestgettingtothecitycenterfromtheairport?A．Bybus．B．Bytaxi．C．Bytrain．10．Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A．Bookaflight．B．Searchforahotel．C．Discusstransportation．聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11．WhatisSteffigoingtodoontheweekend?A．Tidyupherflat．B．Visithergrandpa．C．Organizeaparty．12．WherewillVictorgoontheweekend?A．Thegym．B．Theclub．C．Thestadium．13．WhyisDelbertgoingtothelibrary?A．Toreadsomestories．B．Tofinishtheproject．C．Toreturnabook．聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14．WheredidthemusicproducerfindJosh?A．AtJosh’sschool．B．Nearhisoffice．C．Inaconcerthall．15．HowdidJoshfeelaboutthesalesofhisfirstsong?A．Surprised．B．Happy．C．Sad．16．HowoftendoesJoshworkonhissongs?A．Everyday．B．Threetimesaweek．C．Twiceamonth．17．WhatdoesJoshlikedoinginhisfreetime?A．WatchingTV．B．Playingbasketball．C．Hangingoutwithfriends．聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18．WhatisLara’sfather?A．Anengineer．B．Apainter．C．Adesigner19．WhydidLaradecidetodrawforvideogames?A．Theirimageswereterrible．B．Herteacheradvisedher．C．Itwashighly-paid．20．WhatdidLarastudyatuniversity?A．IT．B．Art．C．Design．第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、D）中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AFourBestNaturalParksinAmericaEvergladesNationalPark,FloridaEvergladesNationalParkisthelargestsubtropical(亞熱帶)wildernessreserveinAmerica.Thisamazingdestinationisa1.5-million-acreoceanofgrasswhichflowsgraduallyfromcentralFloridaallthewaysouthtothesea.Thismakesit-animportanthabitatfornumerousrareandendangeredspecieslikemanatee,Americancrocodile,andFloridajaguar.GrandCanyonNationalPark,ArizonaGrandCanyonNationalParkishometooneofthelargestcanyonsintheworld.Ifyouvisitbetweenmid-Mayandmid-October,youcanseetheCanyonfromtheNorthRim.About90%ofallvisitorsseeitfromthe“SouthRim”,becauseitisopenallyearandhaseasy-to-get-tooverlooks.MammothCaveNationalPark,KentuckyThecaveshouse200animals,mostofthembeinginvertebrate(無脊椎)species.42ofthesespeciesliveintotaldarkness.ThesecavesareincredibleenoughtobefeaturedinPlanetEarth——amust-seeBBCdocumentaryseries.OlympicNationalPark,WashingtonOlympicNationalParkhasalittlebitofeverythingruggedPacificcoastline,highmountainpeaks,broadsandybeaches,clearlakes,rainforests.Withsuchawidevarietyofecosystems,OlympicisoneofthemostdiversewildernessareasintheUnitedStates.Theparkisanimportanthabitatforspecieslikewildsalmon(鮭魚),northernspottedowls.OlympicNationalParkisverylargeandtherearenoroadsthatcrossthepark.IfyouvisitinAprilorMay,youmayseegraywhalespassbyontheirwaytoAlaska.1.WhatanimalsliveintheEvergladesNationalPark?A.Northernspottedowls. B.Invertebrateanimals.C.Graywhales. D.Americancrocodiles.2.WhichofthefollowingisfeaturedinPlanetEarth?A.GrandCanyonNationalPark. B.MammothCaveNationalPark.C.EvergladesNationalPark. D.OlympicNationalPark.3.WhatcanweknowaboutOlympicNationalPark?A.Itisopenallyear.B.Ithasarichbiodiversity.C.ItislocatedinthestateofKentucky.D.Ithaseasyroadsforvisitorstodriveacrossthepark.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了美國最好的四個自然公園。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據EvergladesNationalPark,Florida部分中“Thismakesit-animportanthabitatfornumerousrareandendangeredspecieslikemanatee,Americancrocodile,andFloridajaguar.(這使它成為許多稀有和瀕危物種的重要棲息地，如海牛、美洲鱷魚和佛羅里達美洲虎。)”可知，在EvergladesNationalPark可以看到美洲鱷魚。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據MammothCaveNationalPark,Kentucky部分中“ThesecavesareincredibleenoughtobefeaturedinPlanetEarth——amust-seeBBCdocumentaryseries.(這些洞穴令人難以置信，足以成為BBC必看紀錄片《地球脈動》的特色。)”可知，MammothCaveNationalPark中的洞穴是一個令人難以置信的地方，被BBC的紀錄片《地球脈動》所專題報道。故選B。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據OlympicNationalPark,Washington部分中“Withsuchawidevarietyofecosystems,OlympicisoneofthemostdiversewildernessareasintheUnitedStates.

(擁有如此多樣的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，奧林匹克是美國最多樣化的荒野地區(qū)之一。)”可知，OlympicNationalPark擁有多種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，是美國最多樣化的荒野地區(qū)之一，具有豐富的生物多樣性。故選B。BAsIlookupatthehundredsoffireworksinthesky,IhearthebellsringinginasmalltemplewelcomingthecomingoftheChineseNewYear.ThoughImaynotbelieveinorunderstandmanyoftheNewYeartraditionshere,thesimilaritiesbetweenthecomingofthisNewYearandthebeginningofmynewlifeinChinaarenotlostonabigboylikeme.MyfirstfewdaysinChinawereaculturalshocktosaytheleast.Havingarrivedlateinthesemester,Iimmediatelyhadtobeginmybeginners’Chineseclasses,alongwiththenewestclassofoverseasstudents.Beingsurroundedbyalanguagethatisn’tyourownisunbelievablyannoying.Duetothepicture-basedfashionofChinesewriting,it’snotlikeyoucanhaveaguess,orworkitoutthroughwhateverknowledgeyouhavefromotherLatin-originatedlanguages.Ifyoudon’tknowwhatitsays,thenthat’sit.However,withtimepassing,Ihavefoundmyselfprogressing,thoughpainfullyslowly.ThefirsttimeIcalledataxibymyself,thedriveractuallyunderstoodwhereIwantedtogo,whichishugelyrewarding.Stillitisneverlongbeforemylackoflanguageskillisexposed(暴露)andIcomecrashingbacktoearth,usuallyimmediatelyuponleavingthetaxi.Gainingalanguageisahugevaluableskill.However,itisnottheonlythingIwillgaininChina.AfterthisyearoflearningChinese,Iaimtogainmymaster’sdegreehereatUniversityofJinan.Opportunitiesdocomearoundratheroften:frombeingofferedjobsteachingEnglish,tobeingaskedtoappearongame-showsforShandongTV.So,fornow,Iamjustlookingforwardtoexpandingmyculturalhorizons(眼界)andenjoyingmytimehere.Itakesometimetogetusedtoeverything,butthat’spartoftheadventureand,mostofall,employment.So,muchliketheChineseNewYearthatIamluckyenoughtobepartof,IamjustlookingforwardtoafreshstartandanewjourneyinChina.4.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.HehasnointerestinChinesetraditions.B.HeknowsnothingabouttheLatinlanguage.C.Hislatearrivalmadehimmissbeginners’Chineseclasses.D.TheuniquewayofChinesewritingmadehimhardtounderstandChinese.5.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowthroughhistaxiexperience?A.Heispooratusingpublictransport. B.HefindsiteasytocallataxiinChina.C.HefeelspleasedtohavemadeprogressinChinese. D.Heisgoodatchattingwiththetaxidriver.6.Whatistheauthor’spresentexpectation?A.TosettledowninChina. B.TobecomeafamoushostonTV.C.Tobroadenhisculturalhorizons. D.Tobeanexcellentteachingassistant.7.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ExploringChinese:valuableskillsmastered B.LearningChinese;adventurousbutenjoyableC.ComingtoChina:moreopportunitiespromised D.StudyinginChina:challengingbutrewarding【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者來到中國后通過自己的努力在中文和其他方面取得的進步?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“Duetothepicture-basedfashionofChinesewriting,it’snotlikeyoucanhaveaguess,orworkitoutthroughwhateverknowledgeyouhavefromotherLatin-originatedlanguages.(由于中文書寫以圖像為基礎，你無法猜測，或者通過你從其他拉丁語言中獲得的知識來解決問題)”可知，中文獨特的書寫方式使他很難理解中文。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段的“However,withtimepassing,Ihavefoundmyselfprogressing,thoughpainfullyslowly.ThefirsttimeIcalledataxibymyself,thedriveractuallyunderstoodwhereIwantedtogo,whichishugelyrewarding.(然而，隨著時間的流逝，我發(fā)現自己在進步，雖然緩慢得令人痛苦。我第一次自己叫出租車的時候，司機真的明白我要去哪里，這是非常值得的)”可推知，作者通過打出租車的經歷表明他很高興自己的中文取得了進步。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段的“So,fornow,Iamjustlookingforwardtoexpandingmyculturalhorizons(眼界)andenjoyingmytimehere.(所以，現在，我只是期待著擴大我的文化視野，享受我在這里的時光)”可推知，作者現在的期望是拓寬他的文化視野。故選C。7題詳解】主旨大意題?？v觀全文可知，文章主要講述了作者來到中國后通過自己的努力在中文和其他方面取得的進步，結合文章最后一段的“Gainingalanguageisahugevaluableskill.However,itisnottheonlythingIwillgaininChina.AfterthisyearoflearningChinese,Iaimtogainmymaster’sdegreehereatUniversityofJinan.(學習一門語言是一項非常有價值的技能。然而，這并不是我在中國能得到的唯一東西。經過這一年的中文學習，我的目標是在濟南大學獲得碩士學位)”和“Itakesometimetogetusedtoeverything,butthat’spartoftheadventureand,mostofall,employment.(我需要一些時間來適應一切，但這是冒險的一部分，最重要的是就業(yè))”可知，D項“在中國學習：很辛苦，但也很有收獲”可以作為文章的最佳標題。故選D。CAccordingtoarecentstudy,consumingthreelargelycomparablemealseachdaytomeetourenergydemandsmaybethemosteffectivemethodtopreventcognitive(認知的)deterioration.Thestudyfindsalinkbetweenskippingbreakfastandagradualfailureincognitivehealth.Thestudyalsorevealsthateatingmorecaloriesatonemealthananotherisnotlinkedtoaquickfailureincognitivefunction,butitdoesnotimprovecognitionasmuchaseatingbalancedthreemealsdaily.Withpreviousstudyfocusingonhowthequalityofthefoodweconsumecanaffectourhealth,therehasn’tbeenmuchresearchonhowourdailyenergyintakeisdistributedandhowitcanaffectourcognitivehealthoverthelongterm,aswellasifitmightaffectourriskofdementia(癡呆).Arecentstudy,inwhichthedatafromthe1997—2006ChinaHealthandNutritionSurveywereanalyzed,examinesthepossibleimpactofvariousmealschedulesoncognitivedeclineinordertobetterunderstandthis.Thepoll(民意調查)collectedsubmissionsfrom3,342personsinChinaduringaten-yearperiod,andtheirresponseswereincludedinthestatistics.Theaverageagewas62.2,andpeoplewereatleast55yearsold.Thestudydidnotincludethosewhohadseverecognitivedeterioration.Eachparticipantunderwentadietaryevaluationaswellasaphone-basedcognitiveexamatthebeginningofthestudyperiod.Thistestevaluatedeachperson’sabilitytorecallwordsquicklyandslowly,countbackward,andsubtract(減)quicklyfromgivennumbers.Thefindingsdemonstratethat,incomparisontoeitherlessbalancedwaysofabsorbingone’stotalcaloricintakeorlessequallydistributedwaysofingestingone’stotalenergyintake,eatingthreebalancedmealseachdayisrelatedwithsuperiorcognitivefunction.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deterioration”meaninparagraph1?A.Increase.B.Decline.C.Exchange.D.Spread.9.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweentherecentstudyandthepreviousone?A.Thecontents.B.Themethod.C.Theparticipants.D.Theprocess.10.Howdidtheresearchersdotherecentstudy?A.Bydoingexperiments.B.Byanalyzingpreviousdata.C.Byinterviewingseniorpeople.D.Byexaminingpeoplewithcognitivedisease.11.Whichofthefollowingmaycontributetobestcognition?A.Skippingbreakfasteveryday.B.Threebalancedmealsperday.C.Hunger-determinedfoodtimeandamount.D.Abiglunchwithasmallbreakfastanddinner.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。介紹了一項研究表明優(yōu)秀的認知功能與三餐均衡飲食有關?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。由后句“Thestudyfindsalinkbetweenskippingbreakfastandagradualfailureincognitivehealth.”（此研究發(fā)現了不吃早餐與認知健康問題之間存在關聯）可知，該詞與failure“失靈、失敗”意義相似，decline“減少、衰退”符合語義。故選B項。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文第二段“Withpreviousstudyfocusingonhowthequalityofthefoodweconsumecanaffectourhealth,therehasn’tbeenmuchresearchonhowourdailyenergyintakeisdistributedandhowitcanaffectourcognitivehealthoverthelongterm,aswellasifitmightaffectourriskofdementia(癡呆).”（以前的研究專注于我們所攝入的食物的品質是如何影響我們的健康的，對于我們日常攝入的能量的分配、長期來說對于認知健康以及是否會影響患癡呆的風險的研究不多）可知，研究的區(qū)別主要在于研究的內容不同。故選A項?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文第三段“Arecentstudy,inwhichthedatafromthe1997-2006ChinaHealthandNutritionSurveywereanalyzed,examinesthepossibleimpactofvariousmealschedulesoncognitivedeclineinordertobetterunderstandthis.”（通過分析從中國健康與營養(yǎng)調查獲得的1997年至2006年的數據，為了更好地理解這種關系，最近的一項調查審視了各種飲食習慣對于認知衰退的可能的影響）可知，這項調查主要是通過分析數據進行。故選B項。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。由文最后一段“Thefindingsdemonstratethat,incomparisontoeitherlessbalancedwaysofabsorbingone’stotalcaloricintakeorlessequallydistributedwaysofingestingone’stotalenergyintake,eatingthreebalancedmealseachdayisrelatedwithsuperiorcognitivefunction.”（研究表明，比起要么不那么均衡地吸收總體的卡路里攝入，要么不平等地分配總的能量攝入，優(yōu)秀的認知功能與三餐均衡飲食有關）可推知，最好的認知功能是由三餐均衡飲食促成的。故選B項。DInalabinLondon,newbornchickstookthefirststepsoftheirlifeandmightbecomepartofsolvingoneofthebrain’sbigpuzzles.ElisabettaVersace,theleadauthorofthenewstudyandheadofthePreparedMindsLabatQueenMary,andherco-workerspublishedtheirfindingsonTuesdayinBiologyLetters.Inasimpletest,researchersplacedthedownyanimals,hatchedafterlessthanadayincompletedarkness,oneatatimeintoaspecialbox.Twoscreensontheoppositesidesoftheboxplayedvideosofmovingorangeballs,onemovingupwardandtheotherdownward.Overthecourseof20minutes,mostofthechickshesitantlywalkedovertotheendoftheboxwiththeupward-movingball.Biologistscallthemechanisms(生物機制)thatassistanimalsintheirearliestmoments“evolutionarypredispositions(進化傾向)”or“priors”.“Studyinghowpredispositionsworkinhumansisdifficult,”saysElisaRaffallaFerre,co-authorofthenewstudy,asbabiestaketimetodevelopcomplexskills.Bythetimehumanbabiescaneasilymove,theyhavealreadyspentsignificanttimelearning.Chicks,however,canperformrelativelycomplexactionsverysoonafterhatching,whichmakesthemidealcandidatesforexploringhowpredispositionsfunction.Whythispreferenceforobjectsthatmoveagainstgravityexistsatallremainsunclear.“Goingagainstgravityinaconsistentwayisassociatedwithanimateobjectsintheecologicalworld,”Versacesays,“becauseusuallyyouseethatwaterflowsdownorarockfallsdown.”Lifelessobjects,ontheotherhand,areunlikelytomoveconsistentlyagainstgravity.Thenewlyreleasedarticleisconsistentwithpreviousresearch,accordingtoOrsolaRosaSalva,acomparativepsychologistattheUniversityofTrento.WhatSalvawantstoseenextinthisfieldareexperimentsthatbegintoidentifywhatareasofthebrainareactivewhenpredispositionsarelaunched,soscientistscanbetterunderstandhowthemechanismswork.Versacehopesthatfutureresearchcanofferinsightsintothewaythebrainisorganizedtomakesenseoftheworld.12.Whatdidthetestfindoutaboutnewbornchicks?A.Theylikedbrightcolors. B.Theyhadapoorsenseofdirection.C.Theypreferredrisingobjects. D.Theypickedupfirststepswithdifficulty.13.Whyarenewbornchicksbettersubjectsforthetestthanhumanbabies?A.Theirmechanismsaremorecomplex.B.Theywerealreadystudiedmoreinthepast.C.Theirevolutionarypredispositionsworkmoreeffectively.D.Theycanexhibitcomplexbehaviorssoonafterbirth.14.WhatdoesVersacesayaboutgoingagainstgravity?A.Itiscommonamongspeciesinnature. B.Itisanaturalbehavioroflivinganimals.C.Itcontributestothesurvivalofanimals. D.Ithelpsnewbornanimalstolearnquickly.15.WhatdoesSalvaexpectoffutureexperiments?A.They’llbecarriedoutinthewild. B.They’llofferdetailedworkingsofthebrain.C.They’llcomparethebrainsofdifferentspecies. D.They’llapplytoscientificresearchinrelatedfields.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了在倫敦的一個實驗室里，新生的小雞邁出了生命的第一步，它們可能會成為解決大腦一大難題的一部分。文章介紹了研究開展的經過以及這一實驗的意義?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“Inasimpletest,researchersplacedthedownyanimals,hatchedafterlessthanadayincompletedarkness,oneatatimeintoaspecialbox.Twoscreensontheoppositesidesoftheboxplayedvideosofmovingorangeballs,onemovingupwardandtheotherdownward.Overthecourseof20minutes,mostofthechickshesitantlywalkedovertotheendoftheboxwiththeupward-movingball.(在一個簡單的測試中，研究人員將這些在完全黑暗中孵化不到一天的毛茸茸的動物，一次一只地放入一個特殊的盒子里。盒子兩側的兩個屏幕分別播放橙色小球移動的視頻，一個向上移動，另一個向下移動。在20分鐘的時間里，大多數小雞都猶豫不決地走到有向上移動的球的盒子一端)”可知，關于新生的小雞，測試發(fā)現它們更喜歡上升的物體。故選C。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段“Chicks,however,canperformrelativelycomplexactionsverysoonafterhatching,whichmakesthemidealcandidatesforexploringhowpredispositionsfunction.(然而，小雞在孵化后很快就能做出相對復雜的動作，這使它們成為探索傾向如何發(fā)揮作用的理想候選者)”可知，新生的小雞比人類嬰兒更適合測試因為它們出生后不久就能表現出復雜的行為。故選D。【14題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段““Goingagainstgravityinaconsistentwayisassociatedwithanimateobjectsintheecologicalworld,”Versacesays,“becauseusuallyyouseethatwaterflowsdownorarockfallsdown.”(“在生態(tài)世界中，以一致的方式對抗重力與有生命的物體有關，”范思哲說，“因為通常你會看到水往下流，或者石頭往下掉?！?”可知，范思哲認為反重力在自然界的物種中很常見。故選A?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段“WhatSalvawantstoseenextinthisfieldareexperimentsthatbegintoidentifywhatareasofthebrainareactivewhenpredispositionsarelaunched,soscientistscanbetterunderstandhowthemechanismswork.(薩爾瓦希望在這一領域看到的下一個實驗是，開始確定當傾向被啟動時，大腦的哪些區(qū)域是活躍的，這樣科學家就可以更好地理解機制是如何工作的)”可知，薩爾瓦期望未來的實驗會提供大腦的詳細工作原理。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Culturaltraditionsshapewhoyouare.Learnmoreaboutyourtraditionsandhowyoucanpreservethembymeansofthefollowings.Shareyourcultureart.Eachcultureiscarriedbydifferentformsofart.Museumsoftenhouseitemslikeclothing,musicinstruments,andvisualartworks.However,beyondtheseexhibits,thereexisttoolscraftedbyancestors,whichpresentthetraditionsthroughgenerations’wisdom.____16____Attendororganizemajorevents.Yourcountry,religiousorganizations,orimmigrantethnicgroupsalmostcertainlycelebratemajorholidaysorculturalfestivals.____17____Iftherearen’tanyofthoseinyourarea,youcanarrangeyourownevents.Cookfamilyrecipes.Findsomerecipesfromyourgrandmother’scookbook.____18____Asyoukneaddough(揉面)orfollowtherightamountofspices,youmightremembermealsfromyourchildhoodorholidays.Cookingyourfamilyrecipescanhelpyouinheritthefamilytraditionandmakeitpossiblypasseddown.Promoteyourdialects(方言).Languageshapesculturetosomedegree.Therefore,promotingadialectcontributestotheprotectionofacertainculture.____19____Soifyouknowoneofthem,helptospreadit.Withmoreandmorepeoplespeaking,thesedialectscouldbesuccessfullypreservedbeforetheygoextinct.Spendtimewithothermembersofthecommunity.Thebestwaytopreserveyourcultureistokeepitalive.____20____Manyaspectsofculturearedifficulttolearninbooksandmuseums,includingbodylanguage,andhumor.Butyoucangettothecore(核心)oftheculturalexperiencethroughdailycommunication.A.Participatetogetabroaderviewofyourculture.B.Culturehelpspeopleadapttotheworldaroundthem.CSmellandtastehavepowerfulconnectionstomemory.D.Recordyourfamilytreewiththehelpoffamilymembers.E.Unfortunately,thousandsofdialectsareatriskofextinction.F.Gatherasagroupnotjustforholidays,butforordinarymealsorjustconversation.G.Theskillsinvolvedinshapingastonetoolrepresentoneoftheearliestculturalpractices.【答案】16.G17.A18.C19.E20.F【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了保護傳統(tǒng)文化的方法。【16題詳解】根據上文“Eachcultureiscarriedbydifferentformsofart.Museumsoftenhouseitemslikeclothing,musicinstruments,andvisualartworks.However,beyondtheseexhibits,thereexisttoolscraftedbyancestors,whichpresentthetraditionsthroughgenerations’wisdom.(每種文化都由不同的藝術形式承載。博物館通常收藏服裝、樂器和視覺藝術品等物品。然而，在這些展品之外，還有祖先制作的工具，這些工具通過幾代人的智慧展示了傳統(tǒng))”可知，本句承接上文，說明祖先制作工作的智慧的具體體現。故G選項“塑造石器的技巧代表了最早的文化實踐之一”符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據上文“Yourcountry,religiousorganizations,orimmigrantethnicgroupsalmostcertainlycelebratemajorholidaysorculturalfestivals.(你的國家、宗教組織或移民族群幾乎肯定會慶祝重大節(jié)日或文化節(jié))”可知，上文提到了慶祝重大節(jié)日或文化節(jié)，故本句承接上文，建議參加這些節(jié)日來了解文化。故A選項“參與進來，對你的文化有更廣泛的了解”符合語境，故選A。【18題詳解】根據上文“Findsomerecipesfromyourgrandmother’scookbook.(從你祖母的食譜中找一些食譜)”以及后文“Asyoukneaddough(揉面)orfollowtherightamountofspices,youmightremembermealsfromyourchildhoodorholidays.Cookingyourfamilyrecipescanhelpyouinheritthefamilytraditionandmakeitpossiblypasseddown.(當你揉面團或按照正確的香料量，你可能會想起童年或假期的飯菜。烹飪你的家庭食譜可以幫助你繼承家庭傳統(tǒng)，并使它有可能傳承下去)”可知，上文提到了找食譜，可推測本句主要說明從嗅覺和味覺中了解家庭傳統(tǒng)，故C選項“嗅覺和味覺與記憶有很強的聯系”符合語境，故選C?！?9題詳解】根據后文“Soifyouknowoneofthem,helptospreadit.Withmoreandmorepeoplespeaking,thesedialectscouldbesuccessfullypreservedbeforetheygoextinct.(所以如果你知道其中一個，幫助傳播它。隨著越來越多的人說方言，這些方言可以在滅絕之前被成功地保存下來)”可知，后文提到了要幫助傳播方言，說明方言正面臨滅絕的危險。故E選項“不幸的是，成千上萬的方言正面臨滅絕的危險”符合語境，故選E?！?0題詳解】根據上文“Thebestwaytopreserveyourcultureistokeepitalive.(保護你的文化的最好方法就是讓它活下去)”以及后文“Manyaspectsofculturearedifficulttolearninbooksandmuseums,includingbodylanguage,andhumor.Butyoucangettothecore(核心)oftheculturalexperiencethroughdailycommunication.(文化的許多方面是很難在書本和博物館里學到的，包括肢體語言和幽默。但是，通過日常交流，你可以找到文化體驗的核心)”可知，本段的建議是通過與人接觸來保護文化，且提到了日常交流，即和人聊天。故F選項“一群人聚在一起不只是為了度假，還可以一起吃飯或聊天”符合語境，故選F。第三部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完型填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Inthesummerof2015,BrianPetersonandhiswife,Vanessa,hadjustmovedtoSantaAna,California.Oneday,PetersonwasreadingthebookLoveDoes,whenhisquietwas____21____byahomelessman.Encouragedbythebook’ssympatheticmessage,Petersonmadeanconversationwithhim,and____22____thatthemancalledMerdahadmovedhereto____23____acareerinmusic,butheendeduplivingonthestreetforyears.“Itwasthe____24____thingtome,”PetersonrecalledlateronthepodcastTopArtist.“Isawthe____25____onthefaceofamanwhohadn’t____26____orshoweredinprobablyayear.Buthisstory,thelifeinsideofhim,____27____me.”AndeventhoughPeterson,agraduateoftheClevelandInstituteofArt,hadn’t____28____apaintbrushinabout8years,he____29____himselfaskingifhecouldpaintMerda’sportrait．PetersonpaintedMerda’sportraits,____30____histraitsandlifeexperiences．____31____,thepaintingwassoldforafewthousanddollars,andthemoneywasputintoa“l(fā)oveaccount”byPetersonforhismodel.Merdausedthefundsfromhisportraitto____32____analbum,fulfillinghismusicaldreams.Peterson’s____33____withMerdaledhimtoformFacesofSantaAna,anonprofitorganizationfocusedonbefriendingandpaintingportraitsofmembersofthecommunitywhoare____34____.Uptillnow,with41portraitspaintedandsold,Pertersonhashelpedmanypeoplegetbackontheirfeet,andestablishedthefriendshipwithsomeonepeoplemighthave____35____.21.A.overthrown B.disturbed C.attracted D.tricked22.A.learnt B.thought C.proved D.achieved23.A.exchange B.receive C.pursue D.grab24.A.strangest B.best C.saddest D.brightest25.A.ugliness B.guilty C.pride D.beauty26.A.spoken B.smiled C.shaved D.slept27.A.defeated B.discouraged C.shocked D.inspired28.A.pickedout B.pickedup C.heldup D.heldout29.A.found B.saw C.stopped D.required30.A.ratherthan B.accordingto C.apartfrom D.alongwith31.A.Hurriedly B.Practically C.Hopelessly D.Fortunately32.A.order B.record C.play D.write33.A.struggle B.argument C.connection D.appointment34.A.unhoused B.uncovered C.uneducated D.unsettled35.A.valued B.overlooked C.recognized D.respected【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.A25.D26.C27.D28.A29.A30.B31.D32.B33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。彼得森在一次和一名名叫梅爾達的流浪漢的交流中受到啟發(fā)，決定成立了一個名為“FacesofSantaAna”的非營利組織，專注于為無家可歸者繪畫和出售肖像，并資助他們，這一舉動也幫助梅爾達完成了自己的音樂夢想?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，彼得森正在讀LoveDoes這本書，這時他的安靜被一個流浪漢打擾了。A.overthrown推翻；B.disturbed打擾；C.attracted吸引；D.tricked欺騙。根據前文“whenhisquiet”及后文“byahomelessman”可知，此處指一個流浪漢打擾了他的安靜。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在書中充滿同情的信息的鼓舞下，彼得森和他進行了一次交談，并了解到這個名叫梅爾達的人搬到這里是為了追求音樂事業(yè)，但他最終在街上生活了多年。A.learnt了解；B.thought認為；C.proved證明；D.achieved實現。根據后文“thatthemancalledMerdahadmovedhereto”可知，彼得森經過交談，了解了流浪漢的一些情況。故選A。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在書中充滿同情的信息的鼓舞下，彼得森和他進行了一次交談，并了解到這個名叫梅爾達的人搬到這里是為了追求音樂事業(yè)，但他最終在街上生活了多年。A.exchange交換；B.receive收到；C.pursue追求；D.grab抓住。根據后文“acareerinmusic”可知，流浪漢搬到這里是為了追求音樂事業(yè)，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“這對我來說是最奇怪的事情，”彼得森后來在播客《頂級藝術家》上回憶道。A.strangest最奇怪的；B.best最好的；C.saddest最悲傷的；D.brightest最亮的。根據后文可知，他在一個流浪漢的臉上看到了“美麗”，這是最奇怪的事情。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到了一個大概一年沒刮臉、沒洗澡的男人臉上的‘美麗’。A.ugliness丑陋；B.guilty內疚；C.pride驕傲；D.beauty美麗。上文提到了彼得森發(fā)現了最奇怪的事情，結合后文對方給了他鼓勵，可推測他看到了對方臉上的美麗，故選D。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到了一個大概一年沒刮臉、沒洗澡的男人臉上的‘美麗’。A.spoken說；B.smiled微笑；C.shaved剃須；D.slept睡覺。根據后文“orshoweredinprobablyayear”指這是一個大概一年沒刮臉、沒洗澡的男人，因為他是流浪漢，不修邊幅。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但他的故事，他內心的生活，激勵了我。A.defeated打?。籅.discouraged使沮喪；C.shocked使震驚；D.inspired激勵。根據上文“Buthisstory,thelifeinsideofhim”中but表示轉折，說明對方激勵了彼得森，故選D。【28題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：盡管畢業(yè)于克利夫蘭藝術學院的彼得森已經有8年沒有拿起畫筆了，但他發(fā)現自己在問自己是否能畫出梅爾達的肖像。A.pickedout拿起；B.pickedup撿起；C.heldup耽擱；D.heldout堅持。根據后文“apaintbrushinabout8years”可知，此處指畢業(yè)于藝術學院的彼得森已經有8年沒有拿起畫筆了，故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管畢業(yè)于克利夫蘭藝術學院的彼得森已經有8年沒有拿起畫筆了，但他發(fā)現自己在問自己是否能畫出梅爾達的肖像。A.found發(fā)現；B.saw看見；C.stopped停止；D.required要求。根據后文“himselfaskingifhecouldpaintMerda’sportrait”可知，盡管畢業(yè)于克利夫蘭藝術學院的彼得森已經有8年沒有拿起畫筆了，但他發(fā)現自己在問自己是否能畫出Merda的肖像。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：彼得森根據他的性格和生活經歷為梅爾達畫肖像。A.ratherthan而不是；B.accordingto根據；C.apartfrom除了；D.alongwith一起。根據后文“histraitsandlifeexperiences”可知，為梅爾達畫肖像主要是根據他的性格和生活經歷。故選B。【31題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，這幅畫以幾千美元的價格售出，這筆錢被彼得森存入了他的模特的“愛心賬戶”。A.Hurriedly急忙；B.Practically幾乎；C.Hopelessly絕望地；D.Fortunately幸運地。根據后文“thepaintingwassoldforafewthousanddollars”可知，肖像畫賣出了幾千美元，是幸運的事情。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：梅爾達用他畫像的錢錄制了一張專輯，實現了他的音樂夢想。A.order命令；B.record錄制；C.play玩耍；D.write寫。根據后文“analbum,fulfillinghis