中考英語語法常見易錯點講解

匯報人：XX2024-02-04中考英語語法常見易錯點講解目錄VerbTenseandVoiceNumberofNounsandCaseComparativeandSuperlativeAdjectivesandAdvantageousTypesandusageofproofsPreliminarysettlementandaccumulationoffixedphases目錄Advancedclauseguidewordselectionandclausepositionadjustmentstrategy01VerbTenseandVoiceusedtoexpressactionsorstatesthatoccurinthepresentation,withnospecificreferencetodurationCommonlyusedwithverbslike"is,""am,""are,""have,""do."PresenttenseexpressionsactionsorstatesthatarehappeningnowandoftenimplyingatemporaryorongingactivityFormedwiththepresenttenseof"be"andthepresentparticle(-ingform)ofthemainverbPresentcontinuoustensePresenttenseandpresentcontinuoustenseSimplepasttenseusedtoexpresscompletedactionsorstatesinthepastFormedbyadding"-ed"or"-d"tothebaseformoftheverbPastcontinuoustenseexpressionsactionsorstatesthatwereinprogressataspecifictimeinthepastFormedwiththepasttenseof"be"andthepresentparticleofthemainverbSimplepasttenseandpastcontinuoustenseWill/shall+infinitive:usedtoexpressfutureactionsorstates"Will"isusedwithallsubjectsexcept"I"and"we,"while"shall"ismainlyusedwith"I"and"we"informalcontextsPresentcontinuoustenseforfuturearrangements:sometimesthepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtoexpressfuturearrangementsorplansthathavebeenmadeBegoingto+infinitive:expresstheintentiontoperformanactioninthenearfutureorpredictionsafutureeventbasedonpresentationevidenceFuturetenseexpressionmethodsCompositionPassivevoiceisformedwiththeappropriateformoftheverb"tobe"followedbythepastparticleofthemainverbUsagePassivevoiceisusedwhenthefocusisontheactioncomparedtotheperformeroftheaction,orwhentheperformerisunknownorunimportantItcanalsobeusedtoavoidmentioningtheperformerortogiveamoreobjectivetonetothepresenceTheCompositionandUsageofPassiveVoice02NumberofNounsandCaseCountablenounsrefertoindividualsthatcanbecounted,suchaspeople,animals,orobjectsThesenounshavebothsingularandformalformsUncountablenounsrefertoabstracts,concepts,orabstractideasthatcannotbecountedThesenounsareonlyusedinthesingularformanddonothaveapluralformItisimportanttodifferentiatebetweencountableanduncountablenounsbecausetheyhavedifferentgraphicalrulesandusagepatternsDistinguishingbetweencountableanduncountablenounsMostnounsformtheusualbyadding-sor-estotheendofthewordSomenounsformtheregularpattern,soaschangingtheswellsoundoraddingadifferentendingItisimportanttolearntheformalformsofnounsbecausetheyarefrequentlyusedinEnglishandareessentialforcorrectgrammarandcommunicationTheLawofChangesinthePluralFormofNounsThepositivecaseofnounsisformedbyadding'or'totheendofthewordForregularnounsthatdonotendins,'sisaddedIfthenounendsins,only'isaddedThepassivecaseisusedtoshowownershiporsessionandisanimportantpartofEnglishgrammarThemethodofrepresentingthepositivecaseofnounsPrecautionsforusingarticles01Articlesareusedbeforenounstoindicatewhichnounisspecificorgeneral02Thedefinearticle"the"isusedbeforenounsthathasbeenmentionedbeforeorareuniqueinsomeway03Thedefinearticle"a"or"an"isusedbeforenounsthataregeneralornotspecific04Itisimportanttousearticlescorrectlybecausetheyhelptoclarifythemeaningofnounsandmakeintentionsmoreunderstandable03ComparativeandSuperlativeAdjectivesandAdvantageousPleaseenteryourcontentComparativeandSuperlativeAdjectivesandAdvantageous04TypesandusageofproofsNominalcase01PersonalpronounsareusedasthesubjectofaverbForexample,"I,""you,""he,""she,""it,""we,""they"canallfunctionasthesubjectinasentenceAccusativecase02PersonalpronounsareusedastheobjectofaverborpositionForinstance,"me,""you,""him,""her,""it,""us,""they"serveasobjectsinasenseCommonerrors03Studentsoftenfusethenominalandaccommodativeformsofpronouns,specificallywhenusing"I"and"me,""he"and"him,""she"and"her,"etcTheusagescenariosofpersonalpronounsinthenominalandcumulativecasesCommonerrors:Studentsmaymissoutonpassivepromotionsbyaddinganapostrophetotheusualformofnounsorfusing"its"and"it's."PositivepronounsshowownershiporsessionTheyinclude"my,""your,""his,""her,""its,""our,""their."Thedifferencebetween"its"and"it's":"It"isthepositiveformof"it"anddoesnotcontainanapostrophe,while"it's"isacontractof"itis"or"ithas."DifferentiationandapplicationtechniquesofpositivepronunciationsCommonerrors:StudentsmayusereflectiveproofsincorrectlybyomittingthemwhennecessaryorusingtheminplaceofregularpersonalproofsReflexiveproofsreferbacktothesubjectofthepresenceandindicatethattheactionaffectsthesubjectitselfTheyinclude"Myself,""Yourself,""himself,""herself,""itself,""ourselves,""Yourselves,""themselves."Usagescenarios:Reflexivepropsareoftenusedwithverbsthatexpressactionsperformedbythesubjectonitself,suchas"Ihurtmyself"or"Sheenjoyedherselfattheparty."TheroleofreflectiveproofsinsensesDefinepronounsdonotrefertoaspecificpersonorthingbutrathertoanunspecifiedorunknownindividualorgroupCommondefinepronounsinclude"someone,""anyone,""everyone,""nobody,""someone,""anyone,"etc."Usagescenarios:Indefiniteissuesareoftenusedingeneralstatementsorquestionswheretheidentityoftheindividualorgroupisnotimportantorunknown,suchas"Someonelefttheirbookhere"or"Cananyonehelpmewiththisproblem?"Commonerrors:StudentsmayfusedefinepronounswithsimilarsoundingwordsorusethemincorrectlyinsensesbycohesiontoconsidertheirmeaningandcontextAnalysisofdefinepronounssuchassomeone,anyone,etc05PreliminarysettlementandaccumulationoffixedphasesBasicmeansofpositionsPositionsareusedtoexpressrelationshipsbetweennounsorpronounsandotherwordsinasense,suchasdirection,location,time,andmanCommonsettlementrelationshipsPositionsofoftenconsolidatingwithcertificateverbs,objections,andnounstoformfixedphrasesorexpressionsForexample,"lookforwardto"and"dependon"arecommonsettlementsofpositionswithverbsAsummaryofthebasicmeansandcommoncollectionrelationshipsofpositionsAnalysisofpreparatoryphasesservingascomponentsinsensesAdverbialphrasesPreliminaryphrasescanfunctionasadaptationstomodifyverbs,objections,orotheradaptations,indicatingtime,place,Manner,cause,orconditionObjectivephasesPreliminaryphasescanalsofunctionasobjectivestomodifynounsorpronouns,describingtheircharacteristicsorstatesSomepreparatoryphraseshavesimilarmeaningsbutdifferentusagesForexample,"infrontof"and"inthefrontof"bothindicateposition,but"infrontof"referstoapositionoutsideandinfrontofsomething,while"inthefrontof"referstoapositioninsideandatthefrontofsomethingDistinguishingsimilarpreparatoryphrasesItisimportanttounderstandthenuancesbetweensimilarpreliminaryphrasestoavoidfusionandmisuseUnderstandingthenuancesAnalysisofsimilarpositionalphrases,suchasinfrontofvs.inthefrontofAccumulatingfixedcombinationsToimproveEnglishproficiency,itisnecessarytoaccumulatefixedcombinationsofpositionsandotherwordsThesefixedcombinationsoftenappearincommonexpressionsandidioms要點一要點二UnderstandingthemeansandusesoffixedcombinationsItisimportanttounderstandthemeansandusesoffixedcombinationstousethemcorrectlyinintentionsForexample,"dependon"meanstorelyonortrustsomeoneorsomething,while"lookforwardto"meanstoopposeorexpectsomethingwithreasonoranxietyFixedcombinationaccumulation,suchasdependon,lookforwardto,etc06Advancedclauseguidewordselectionandclausepositionadjustmentstrategy'When'istypicallyusedtoindicateashort,temporaryactionoreventthatoccursataspecificpointintime,followedbyapasttenseverb'While'isusedtodescribealongdurationoftimeoranactionthatwastakingplaceatthesametimeasanotheraction,followedbyapastcontinuousverbItisimportanttonotethatthepositionoftheadvisoryclauseinasensecanaffectitsmeaningandemphasisAnalysisoftimeadaptiveclauseintroducerssuchaswhenandwhileConditionaladvisoryclaimsstartingwith'if'expressaconditionorsupportandtheirpositioninthepresencecanbeflexibledependingonthecontextWhenconvertingconditionaladvisoryclauses,itisimportanttomaintainthelogicalrelationshipbetweenthemainclausea