超聲無損檢測方法的術(shù)語

超聲無損檢測方法的術(shù)語本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)界定了用于超聲無損檢測方法的術(shù)語，作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和一般使用的共同根底。2一般術(shù)語2.1聲吸收acousticalabsorption2.2聲各向異性acousticalanisotropy2.3聲阻抗acousticalimpedance2.4聲影acousticshadow陰影區(qū)shadowzone2.5衰減attenuation聲衰減soundattenuation2.6聲衰減系數(shù)attenuationcoefficient2.7聲束軸線beamaxis2.8聲束邊緣beamedge2.9聲束輪廓beamprofile2.10聲束擴(kuò)散beamspread2.11分貝decibeldB2.12不連續(xù)discontinuity2.13邊緣效應(yīng)edgeeffect2.14遠(yuǎn)場farfield2.15缺陷flawdefect2.16界面interface2.17背反射損失lossofbackreflection底波損失2.18近場nearfield菲涅耳區(qū)Fresnelzone2.19近場長度nearfieldlength2.20近場點nearfieldpoint2.21傳播時間propagationtimetimeofflight聲時2.22反射系數(shù)reflectioncoefficient2.23反射體reflector2.24散射scattering2.25聲場soundfield2.26聲速soundvelocity傳播速度velocityofpropagation2.27檢測頻率testfrequency2.28超聲聲束ultrasonicbeam聲束soundbeam2.29超聲波ultrasonicwave3與“波”相關(guān)的術(shù)語3.1縱波longitudinalwave壓縮波compressionalwave3.2連續(xù)波continuouswave3.3爬波creepingwave3.4波型轉(zhuǎn)換modeconversionmodetransfomationwaveconversion3.5板波platewave蘭姆波Lambwave3.6橫波transversewave切變波shearwave3.7球面波sphericalwave3.8外表波surfacewave瑞利波Rayleighwave3.9波前wavefront波陣面3.10波長wavelength3.11波列wavetrain4與“角”相關(guān)的術(shù)語4.1入射角angleofincidence4.2反射角angleofreflection4.3折射角angleofrefraction4.4臨界角criticalangle4.5擴(kuò)散角divergenceangle指向角5與“脈沖和回波”相關(guān)的術(shù)語5.1反面回波backwallechobacksurfaceecho背反射backreflection底波bottomechoB5.2延遲回波delayedecho5.3回波echo反射reflection5.4缺陷回波flawechodefectechoF不連續(xù)回波discontinuityechoD5.5幻影回波ghostechophantomechowrap-around5.6草狀回波grass組織回波structuralechoes5.7界面回波interfaceecho5.8屢次回波multipleecho屢次反射multiplereflection5.9脈沖pulse5.10側(cè)面回波sidewallechoW5.11干擾回波spuriousechoparasiticecho5.12界面波surfaceechoS外表回波5.13發(fā)射脈沖指示transmissionpulseindicationT始波5.14發(fā)射脈沖transmitterpulse6與“探頭”相關(guān)的術(shù)語6.1斜射探頭anglebeamprobeanglebeamsearchunit斜探頭angleprobe6.2中心頻率centrefrequency6.3會聚距離convergencedistance6.4會聚區(qū)convergencezone會聚點convergencepoint6.5延遲聲程delaypath6.6場深depthoffield焦區(qū)長度focalzonefocalrange6.7雙換能器探頭doubletransducerprobe雙晶探頭twintransducerprobe雙探頭dualsearchunit6.8有效換能器尺寸effectivetransducersize6.9電磁聲換能器electro-magnetictransducer電動換能器electrodynamictransducer6.10焦距focallength6.11焦點focalpointfocus6.12聚焦探頭focussingprobe6.13液浸探頭immersionprobe6.14探頭標(biāo)稱角nominalangleofprobe6.15標(biāo)稱頻率nominalfrequency6.16標(biāo)稱換能器尺寸nominaltransducersize換能器尺寸transducersize元件尺寸elementsize6.17直探頭normalprobe直射探頭straightbeamprobestraightbeamsearchunit6.18峰值頻率peakfrequency6.19峰數(shù)peaknumber6.20相控陣探頭phasedarrayprobe6.21探頭probesearchunit6.22探頭阻尼因子probedampingfactor6.23探頭入射點probeindex6.24探頭靴probeshoe6.25屋頂角roofangle半頂角toe-in-semi-angle6.26偏向角squintangle6.27偏向角squintangle6.28外表波探頭surfacewaveprobe6.29換能器transducer晶片crystal元件element6.30換能器背襯transducerbacking6.31可變角探頭variableangleprobe6.32耐磨片wearplatediaphragm6.33斜楔wedge折射棱鏡refractingprism6.34輪式探頭wheelprobewheelsearchunit7與“超聲檢測儀器”相關(guān)的術(shù)語7.1幅度線性amplitudelinearity7.2盲區(qū)deadzone7.3延遲掃描delayedtimebasesweep零點校正correctionofzeropoint7.4動態(tài)范圍dynamicrange7.5電子距離-幅度補(bǔ)償electronicdistance-amplitude-compensation(EDAC)7.6時基線擴(kuò)展expandedtime-basesweepscaleexpansion7.7缺陷檢測靈敏度flaw(defect)detectionsensitivity7.8增益控制gaincontroldB控制dBcontrol增益調(diào)節(jié)gainadjustment7.9閘門gate時間閘門timegate7.10閘門水平gatelevel閘門電平監(jiān)視電平monitorlevel監(jiān)視水平7.11脈沖〔回波〕幅度pulse(echo)amplitude信號幅度signalamplitude7.12脈沖能量pulseenergy7.13脈沖〔回波〕長度pulse(echo)length脈沖寬度7.14脈沖重復(fù)頻率pulserepetitionfrequencyprf脈沖重復(fù)率pulserepetitionrate7.15脈沖形狀pulseshape7.16抑制rejectionsupressionrejectgrasscutting7.17分辨力resolution7.18時基線timebase掃描線sweep7.19時基線控制timebasecontrol掃描線控制sweepcontrol7.20時基線性timebaselinearity7.21時基線范圍timebaserange檢測范圍testrange7.22超聲檢測設(shè)備ultrasonictestequipment7.23超聲檢測儀ultrasonictestinstrument8與“試塊”相關(guān)的術(shù)語8.1校準(zhǔn)試塊calibrationblock標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試塊standardtestblock8.2平底孔flatbottomholeFBH圓盤缺陷discflaw圓盤形反射體discshapedreflector8.3參考試塊referenceblock比照試塊8.4參考缺陷referenceflaw(defect)參考反射體referencereflector8.5橫孔sidedrilledholeSDHsidecylindricalhole9與“檢測技術(shù)〔方法〕”相關(guān)的術(shù)語9.1斜射技術(shù)anglebeamtechnique9.2自動掃查automaticscanning9.3接觸檢測技術(shù)contacttestingtechnique9.4直接掃查技術(shù)directscantechnique一次波技術(shù)singletraversetechnique9.5雙探頭技術(shù)doubleprobetechnique一收一發(fā)技術(shù)pitchandcatchtechnique9.6二次波技術(shù)doubletraversetechnique9.7間隙檢測技術(shù)gaptestingtechnique間隙掃描gapscanning9.8液浸技術(shù)immersiontechnique液浸檢測immersiontesting9.9間接掃查技術(shù)indirectscantechnique間接掃查indirectscan9.10手動掃查manualscanning9.11屢次回波技術(shù)multiple-echotechnique9.12屢次波技術(shù)multipletraversetechnique9.13直射技術(shù)normalbeamtechniquestraightbeamtechnique9.14環(huán)繞掃查orbitalscanning9.15脈沖回波技術(shù)pulseechotechnique脈沖反射技術(shù)reflection(pulse)technique9.16掃查scanning9.17單探頭技術(shù)singleprobetechnique9.18螺旋掃查spiralscanning9.19旋轉(zhuǎn)掃查swivelscanning9.20串列掃查技術(shù)tandem(scanning)technique9.21衍射聲時技術(shù)time-of-flightdiffractiontechniqueTOFD9.22穿透技術(shù)transmissiontechnique9.23尖端回波技術(shù)tipechotechnique尖端衍射技術(shù)tipdiffractiontechnique10與“受檢件”相關(guān)的術(shù)語10.1反面backwallbacksurface底面bottom10.2聲束入射點beamindex10.3回波接收點echoreceivingpoint10.4探頭取向probeorientation10.5掃查方向scanningdirection10.6檢測面testsurface掃查面scanningsurface10.7受檢件testobjectexaminationobject10.8檢測體積testvolumeexaminationvolume11與“耦合”相關(guān)的術(shù)語11.1耦合劑couplant耦合介質(zhì)couplingmedium耦合薄膜couplingfilm11.2耦合損失couplinglosses11.3耦合劑聲程couplantpath11.4轉(zhuǎn)移修正transfercorrection補(bǔ)償傳輸修正12與“定位”相關(guān)的術(shù)語12.1缺陷深度flawdepth反射體深度reflectordepth12.2投影聲程長度projectedpathlength12.3跨距skipdistance12.4聲程長度soundpathlength13與“評價方法”相關(guān)的術(shù)語13.1DAC法DACmethod13.2DGS圖DGSdiagramAVG圖AVGdiagram13.3DGS法DGSmethodAVG法AVGmethod13.4距離幅度校正曲線distance-amplitudecorrectioncurveDAC13.5參考試塊法referenceblockmethod13.6–6dB法–6dBdropmethod半波高度法half-amplitudemethod13.7–20dB法–20dB