2024年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分閱讀能力突破篇專題一閱讀理解第9講體裁破解-新聞報(bào)道

第二部分閱讀能力突破篇專題一閱讀理解第9講體裁破解——新聞報(bào)道高頻考點(diǎn)·研析透模擬精練·提考能高頻考點(diǎn)·研析透新聞報(bào)道一般突出新聞性，作者要避免對(duì)該新聞事件進(jìn)行主觀判斷和評(píng)價(jià)。新聞報(bào)道的內(nèi)容真實(shí)、新鮮、及時(shí),趣味可讀,時(shí)效性強(qiáng)。第一句往往為全文的中心句，下文要敘述事件的過程和細(xì)節(jié)。新聞報(bào)道的一些常用語包括:Itisreportedthat...,Asisreported...，Accordingtothereport...,Itisestimatedthat...等,時(shí)態(tài)一般用過去時(shí)，語言客觀平實(shí)，往往沒有過分花哨的詞匯和過于復(fù)雜的句型。辨明題類新聞報(bào)道主要是提供事實(shí)信息，一般是簡(jiǎn)單敘述事件發(fā)生的五要素及各方反應(yīng)，很少探究事件背后的原因。因此，做題時(shí)要關(guān)注新聞報(bào)道的結(jié)構(gòu)和細(xì)節(jié)，題型主要為觀點(diǎn)推斷題、考查語篇銜接、推斷某一特定詞或者短語的指代內(nèi)容或主旨?xì)w納題。技法點(diǎn)撥1．研讀導(dǎo)語：首段通常是導(dǎo)語，說明文章的中心人物或事件，即文章的主題。2．直擊題干：判斷題目類型，找出定位詞。3．定位信息：根據(jù)定位詞，在原文中找出關(guān)鍵句，對(duì)照選項(xiàng)確定答案。真題體驗(yàn)(2023·浙江1月卷C)Amachinecannownotonlybeatyouatchess,itcanalsooutperformyouindebate．Lastweek,inapublicdebateinSanFrancisco,asoftwareprogramcalledProjectDebaterbeatitshumanopponents,includingNoaOvadia,Israel'sformernationaldebatingchampion．Brilliantthoughitis,ProjectDebaterhassomeweaknesses．Ittakessentencesfromitslibraryofdocumentsandprebuiltargumentsandstringsthemtogether．Thiscanleadtothekindsoferrorsnohumanwouldmake．Suchwrinkleswillnodoubtbeironedout,yettheyalsopointtoafundamentalproblem．AsKristianHammond,professorofelectricalengineeringandcomputerscienceatNorthwesternUniversity,putit:“There'sneverastageatwhichthesystemknowswhatit'stalkingabout．”WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,andmeaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishestheleastintelligentofhumansfromthemostintelligentofmachines．Acomputerworkswithsymbols．Itsprogramspecifiesasetofrulestotransformonestringofsymbolsintoanother．Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsmean．Indeed,toacomputer,meaningisirrelevant．Humans,inthinking,talking,readingandwriting,alsoworkwithsymbols．Butforhumans,meaningiseverything．Whenwecommunicate,wecommunicatemeaning．Whatmattersisnotjusttheoutsideofastringofsymbols,buttheinsidetoo,notjusthowtheyarearrangedbutwhattheymean．Meaningemergesthroughaprocessofsocialinteraction,notofcomputation,interactionthatshapesthecontentofthesymbolsinourheads．Therulesthatassignmeaninglienotjustinsideourheads,butalsooutside,insociety,insocialmemory,socialconventionsandsocialrelations．Itisthisthatdistinguisheshumansfrommachines．Andthat'swhy,howeverastonishingProjectDebatermayseem,thetraditionthatbeganwithSocratesandConfuciuswillnotendwithartificialintelligence．31．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？____

A．Socialinteractioniskeytounderstandingsymbols．B．Thehumanbrainhaspotentialyettobedeveloped．C．Ancientphilosopherssetgoodexamplesfordebaters．D．Artificialintelligenceensureshumansabrightfuture．【解題示范】第一步：瀏覽全文

把握主旨大意：本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹的是在辯論中戰(zhàn)勝人類的名為ProjectDebater的軟件程序；第二步：題干定位：根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞：thelastparagraph定位段落；第三步：分析信息：根據(jù)最后一段“Meaningemergesthroughaprocessofsocialinteraction,notofcomputation,interactionthatshapesthecontentofthesymbolsinourheads．Therulesthatassignmeaninglienotjustinsideourheads,butalsooutside,insociety,insocialmemory,socialconventionsands