2023-2024學(xué)年四川省達(dá)州市高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages11頁(yè)2023-2024學(xué)年四川省達(dá)州市高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷一、閱讀理解：本大題共15小題，共37.5分。ALet'smakeajourneyintotheunknown.

Istanbul

ItisthelargestcityinTurkey，crossingEuropeandAsia，consideredthecountry'seconomic，culturalandhistoricalheart.Fromchurchestopalaces，itswell-keptheritageisstillverypresentonavisittoTurkey'slargestcity.FamoustouristattractionsincludetheAyaSofyaChurch，theBluePalace，theBasilicaCistern，andtheBazaarMarkets.

Valletta

ItisthecapitalOfMalta，asouthernEuropeancountrysituatedinthecenteroftheMediterranean.FamousforitsBlueLagoon，theisland'sstrangetownsandprehistoricruinsarealsoworthavisit.Itisahistoricaltimeroom，whichisfilledwithchurchesofItalianstyleandgoldenstonebuildings.MelliehaBayisthebestplacetoseecoloredtraditionalMaltesefishingboats，withtheireyespaintedonfrontoftheship.TheSundayfishmarketofferstraditionalislandlifeandtheharborsiderestaurantswithexcellentfishdishes.

Venice

Venice，orVenezia，isawell-known1，700-year-oldcitythatwasconnectedwithmajorEuropeanart，musicandpoliticaldevelopments.ItwasabeginneroftheRenaissance（文藝復(fù)興）andisthoughttohavebeentheworld'sfirstfinancialcenter.

Today，itisoneofItaly'smostimportantcitiesandanextremelyromantictraveldestination，whereyoucansitonaboatalongsidemilesofwindingcanals（運(yùn)河）.Thereare，infact，150canalswithmorethan400bridgesthatconnectVenice's118smallislandsintheVenetianLake，somelargeenoughforunforgettablechurchesandpalaces，squaresandmuseums，amazingrestaurantsandbeautifulshops.1.Whichcityisthelargestcityinthecountryaccordingtothepassage？______A.Valletta. B.Istanbul. C.Malta. D.Venice.2.WhatdoIstanbul，VallettaandVenicehaveincommon？______A.Theyhavechurches. B.Theyhavemuseums.

C.Manyfishingboatscanbefound. D.Youwillseeharbourrestaurants.3.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage？______A.Tosellgoodsofthecities.

B.Tointroducesomeshops.

C.Toinformvisitorsofcanals.

D.Tointroducetheunknownofthecities.BAfterleavingthebookatMr.Emerson's，Ireturnedthroughthewoods.AndenteringSleepyHollow（睡谷），Ifoundaladylyingneartheroadwhichbendsalongitsverge（邊緣）.ItwasMargaretherself.Shehadbeentherethewholeafternoon，readingandthinkingdeeplyaboutsomething.Shehadabookinherhand，withastrangename，whichIdidnotunderstandandhaveforgotten.

Shesaidthatnobodyhadbrokenherstateofbeingalone，andwassayingthatnobodyevervisitedSleepyHollowwhenwesawawholegroupofpeopleenteringthegreatlyrespectedarea.Mostofthemfollowedapathwhichledthemfarfromus；butanoldmanpassednearusandsmiledtoseeMargaretlyingontheground，andmesittingbyherside.Hemadesomeremarkaboutthebeautyoftheafternoon，anddisappearedhimselfintothedarkareaofthewood.

ThenwecontinuedtotalkaboutAutumn，thepleasuresofgettinglostinthewoods，theblackbirds，whosevoicesMargarethadheard，theexperiencesofearlychildhood，whoseinfluenceremainsuponthecharacteraftertherememberingofthemhaspassedaway，thesightofmountainsfromadistance，andtheviewfromtheirtopsofmountains.

Inthemiddleofourtalk，weheardfootstepsaboveus.Whilethevisitorwasstillhiddenamongthetrees，hecalledtoMargaret，ofwhomhehadseen.Thenhewalkedoutofthegreenforest.ItwasMr.EmersonwhohadfoundnobetterwayofspendingSundaythantowalkamongthewoods.Heappearedtohavehadapleasanttime，forhesaidthattherewereMuses（繆斯）inthewoodstodayandveryquietvoicestobeheardinthelightwind.

Itbeingnownearlysixo'clock，wesaidgoodbye，Mr.EmersonandMargarettowardstheirhome，andItowardsmine，wheremylittlewifewasverybusygettingtea.4.WhatdidMargaretstaytodoinSleepyHollowforthewholeafternoon？______A.Toreadabook. B.Toplaywithwater.

C.Toenjoyherself. D.Tochatwithherself.5.WhatdidMargarettalkabouttogetherwiththeauthor？______A.One'scharacter. B.Fish'svoice.

C.People'sviews. D.Margaret'schildhood.6.WhatmaybethebestwayofspendingarestofdayaccordingtoMr.Emerson？______A.Drinkingtea. B.Stayingathome.

C.Walkinginthewoods. D.Talkingaboutinterestingtopics.7.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofstayingatSleepyHollow？______A.Boring. B.Pleasant. C.Disappointing. D.Frightening.CNASA'sfirstlookatasample（樣本）fromasmallplanetBennushowslife'sbuildingstones.Thisisthemostmaterialcollectedfrombeyondthemoon.

Whenbeginningtoopenthecapsule（太空艙）thatcollectedthesample，NASAscientistsfoundextramaterialoutsidethecollectioncontainer，whichhasledtoafewsciencediscoveries.

Thematerialinthecapsulewascollectedbyblowingdustandrocksintoacontainerwithgas.Muchofthatmaterialismadeupofwater-clay（水粘土）minerals."ThereasonthatEarthisthehabitableworldthatwehave，withoceansandlakesandriversandrain，"saidplanetaryscientistDanteLaurettaoftheUniversityofArizonainTucson，wholeadstheOSIRIS-RExmission，"isthattheseclayminerals，liketheoneswe'reseeingfromBennu，landedonEarth4billionyearsagoto4.5billionyearsago，makingourworldhabitable."OthergrainscontainanecessarypartoflifecommononEarth，includingcarbonandiron，Laurettasaid，"aswellasstructuresthatmayhavebeenimportantforjump-startinglife."

AquarteroftheBennusamplewillgotoscientistsontheOSIRIS-Rexmissionforresearch.Therestwillbedivviedupamongscientistsaroundtheworld，withapartleftforfuturestudy.

"Thissampleisourdream，"saidDanielGlavin，aseniorscientistforsamplereturnatGoddard."Ijustcan'twaittogetatit.Andthismaterialwillbearoundforgenerationsandgenerations."8.WhatdidthecontainercollectfromthesmallplanetBennu？______A.Waterandgas. B.Carbon-andiron.

C.Dustandrocks. D.Lifeandearth.9.Whatmakesourworldbecomeagood，suitableplacetoliveinaccordingtoDanteLawretta？______A.ThecontainerfromBennu

B.TheclaymineralslikeonesofBennu

C.Thescientificparttoscientists

D.Oceansandlakeswithrivers10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"divviedup"inthe4thparagraphmean？______A.Dividedinto. B.Takenback. C.Combinedwith. D.Storedby.11.HowdidDanielGlavinfeelaboutthematerialbroughtfrombehindthemoon？______A.Negative B.Indifferent C.Objective D.PositiveDTheworldalreadyseestwiceasmanydayswhentemperaturesaremorethan50℃as30yearsago—thislevelofheatisverydangerousforhumans，andalsolargelyproblematicforbuildings，roadsandpowerstations.Itmakesanareahardtolivein.

Thisdramademandsanactivehumanaction.Weneedtohelppeopletomovefromdangertosafetyandcomforttobuildabettersocietyforeveryone.Largepopulationswillneedtomove，andnotsimplytothenearestcity，butalsoacrosscontinents（大陸）.

Thoselivinginregionswithmoreacceptableconditions，especiallynationsinnorthernareas，willneedtoholdmillionsofpeoplewhilethemselvesadaptingtothedemandsoftheworseclimate.Wewillneedtocreateentirelynewcitiesneartheplanet'scoolerplaces，whicharerapidlybecomingice-free.

PartsofSiberia，forexample，arealreadyexperiencingtemperaturesof30℃formonthsatatime.Arcticareas（極地）areburningwithSiberia，GreenlandandAlaska.EveninJanuary，firesofearthcoalwereburningintheSiberian，thoughtemperatureswerebelow-50℃.Thesefiresburnalltheyearroundintheearthcoalundertheground，inandaroundtheArcticCircle，onlytoburstintobigfiresthatcontinueswithgreatangeracrosstheforestsofSiberia，AlaskaandCanada.

In2019，firesdestroyedmorethan24millionhectares（公頃）ofSiberianforest，burningverystronglyformorethanthreemonths，andproducingacloudaslargeasthecountriesthatmakeuptheentireEuropeanUnion.

SomebelievethatfiresintheforestsandArcticwillincreasebyuptofourtimesby2100.Whereveryoulivenow，themovementfromoneplacetoanotherwillaffectyouandthelivesofyourchildren.ItisseenthatBangladesh，acountrywhereone-thirdofthepopulationlivesalongasinking，low-lyingseawater，isbecomingimpossibletolivein.Butinthecoming10yearswealthynationswillbebadlyaffected，too.12.Howdowesolvelargepopulationsaccordingtotheauthor'sidea？______A.Bymovingacrosscontinents. B.Bycreatingbigcities.

C.Byreducingpopulation. D.Byplantingmoreforests.13.Wherewillwebuildnewcitiesaccordingtothesuggestionofthepassage？______A.InBangladesh. B.Nearcoolerareas.

C.Inwealthynations. D.IntheEuropeancountries.14.Whatdidthebigfiresintheforestsin2019resultin？______A.Theyproducedrainycloud.

B.Theyledtolowtemperatures.

C.Theyburnedmanyanimalstodeath.

D.Theygreatlydamagedanumberofforests.15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？______A.People'sviewsaboutfires.

B.Howtolowerhightemperatures.

C.Theaffectionofclimatechangeandactivemeasures.

D.People'schanginglivesbecauseofhighertemperatures.二、閱讀七選五：本大題共5小題，共12.5分。Peoplelivinginmodernsocietyoftenfeelgreatpressureorstress，whichmakesthemannoyed.Manyexpertsgivealargenumberofsuggestionstodealwiththesocialissue.

（1）______.Ifyoulearntheseways，youarerelaxedwhenyouarestudyingatschoolorcollegeandworkinganywhere.

Practicethe"STOP"skill

ThisisawaysharedbyDr.S.R，professoratUniversityinNewYorkCity."（2）______，"sheexplains."Whenyoucanlosecontrol，use"STOP"toregaincontrolofthestress.

Getoutsideduringdaylighthours

Itmaybecoldout，butgettingoutsideisstillimportantforyourhealth."Havingfewerhoursofdaylightcanhaveaharmfulimpactonyourmood.（3）______.Whateveryoudo，justmakeanefforttomakeitaneverydayhabit"，DoreenMarshallsays.

Connectwithothersifyou'refeelinglonely

"Chancesareprettygoodthatyouarenotaloneinfeelinglonely，andsharinghowyouarefeelingmaygetotherstodothesame，"saysMarshall.（4）______.However，trytochallengeyourselftosendthreeemailsaweektosomeoneyouhaven'theardfrominawhile，orcalladifferentlovedoneeachweektocheckinandseehowtheyaredoing.

Clearyourstress

Stressisaresultofthinkingforalongtimeaboutsomething.Asaresult，ahelpfultoolistoletthemoutofyourmind.Thekeyhereistoputpentopaperandstartwriting.Youmaywanttowritedownthingsthatarestressingyououtandwhytheyarestressingyouout.（5）______.

A.Itcanbealittleembarrassedreconnectingwithpeople

B.Stopforarest，suchasdrinkingcoffee，orwalkingoutside

C.Thereare4waystomanagestress，accordingtohealthexperts

D.Stopstandsfor：Stop；Takeastepback；Observe；Thinkcalmly

E.YoucansitonthesofatowatchTVorchatwithyourfriendsinthehome

F.Youcansimplysitandwatchthesunriseorwalkaroundyourneighborhood

G.Meanwhile，takingdownyourthoughtscanclearyourheadanddealwithit16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大題共15小題，共15分。ThemostimportantdayIrememberedinallmylifewastheoneonwhichmyteacher，AnneSullivan，cametome.I，（1）______fromblindeyesanddeafears，wasfilledwithwonderwhenIconsideredthetwolivesconnected.

ItwasthethirdofMarch，1887，threemonths（2）______Iwassevenyearsold.Ontheafternoonofthat（3）______day，Istoodatthegate，（4）______expectingsomething.Iguessedunclearlyfromtheirhurryingtoandfrominthehousethatsomething（5）______wasabouttohappen，soIwenttothedoorandwaitedonthesteps.Theafternoonsun（6）______themassofflowersthatcoveredthegateandfellonmyupturned（7）______.Myfingerstouchedalmostunconsciously（無(wú)意識(shí)的）onthefamiliarleavesand（8）______，whichhadjustcomeforthtowelcomethehappysouthernspring.Ididnotknowwhatthefutureheldofsurpriseforme.Angerandpainhad（9）______onmecontinuallyforweeksandadeeptirednesshadwonthisfightbetweenthem.

WhenIfelt（10）______footsteps，IreachedoutmyhandwhichIsupposedtomymotheras（11）______.Someonetookit，andIwas（12）______closeinthearmsofher.Shewouldcometo（13）______allthingstomeandtoloveme.

Haveyoueverbeenatseaina（14）______fog？"Light!givemelight!"wasthewordlesscryofmyheart，and（15）______producedbrightlightonmeatthatveryhour.21.A.escaping B.suffering C.dating D.returning22.A.before B.when C.that D.as23.A.first B.important C.second D.third24.A.actually B.slightly C.silently D.hopelessly25.A.unhappy B.negative C.bad D.unexpected26.A.passedthrough B.turnedup C.cameacross D.belongedto27.A.body B.skin C.head D.face28.A.apples B.bananas C.flowers D.plants29.A.tended B.struck C.smiled D.influenced30.A.living B.coming C.worrying D.interesting31.A.far B.well C.long D.usual32.A.held B.kissed C.answered D.attacked33.A.contain B.regard C.show D.speak34.A.thick B.thin C.big D.small35.A.tension B.love C.night D.fire四、語(yǔ)法填空：本大題共1小題，共15分。36.ChinaNationalSilkMuseumislocatedatthesouthernbank（1）______WestLakeinHangzhouCity.Therearethreebuildings.Themuseumcoversthreefloorsofthefirstbuilding.Thesecondbuildingcoverssilkwormbiology，whilethe（2）______（three）coverstheearliestsilktechnology.It（3）______（house）manyhistoricalsilkrelics.

WhyshouldyouvisititChinawasthefirsttomakeclotheswithsilk.Themuseumisagreatvisitforthosewanting（4）______（know）thehistoryandcultureofsilkandsilk（5）______（develop）inChinaduringthevariousdynastiessincetheNewStoneAge.Therearetextiles（紡織品）oftheHanandTangdynasties，（6）______havebeendugalongtherouteoftheSilkRoad.TherearealsocostumesfromareassouthoftheYangtzeRiverintheSongDynasty，modernQipaoandtraditionalcloth-making（7）______（machine）.

YoucanlearnabouttheinfluenceofsilkonChinaandglobalcultures，aboutsilkworm（蠶）careandbiology，silkgoods（8）______silkproductiontechnologiesinChina.Youcanseehowsilkclothes（9）______（make）fromnaturalsilk.

ThemuseumalsoshowsevidenceaboutthefamousSilkRoad，theworld'soldestandmost（10）______（historical）importantoverlandtraderoute.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達(dá)：本大題共2小題，共40分。37.假定你是李華，在新年來(lái)臨之際，給英語(yǔ)老師發(fā)一封電子郵件，感謝他的幫助。內(nèi)容包括：

（1）表示感謝；

（2）感謝事由；

（3）表達(dá)祝福。

注意：

（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

（2）可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

（3）請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。38.ForaslongasIcanremember，myparentsraisedmewithdogs，cats，birdsandfishinthehouse，andIfeltthemostcomfortwiththesepetsinmysurroundings.Asanonlychild，IgrewuptalkingtotheseanimalssinceIneverhadapartnertoplaywithathome.

IcreatedcharactersforeachofthepetsandIincludedtheminmyimaginaryadventures，tyingcapesontothedogs，whowerechangedintosuperheroes，andgivingheadweartothecats，whobecamegirls.EvenafterIbeganattendingpre-school，I'deagerlyawaitmyreturnfromschoolsothatIcouldrelayalltheexcitingdetailstomypetswhowouldlistenandpretendtobeslightlyinterestedinmywandering.Infact，IprobablycommunicatedwithmypetsmorethanIdidwithmyfriends，sincetheseanimalsofferedasenseofsafetywhichnoindividualcouldprovide.ItneverfeltstrangeformetotalkwithmembersofdifferentspeciesandIalwaysfeltsatisfiedafterIspokewiththem.

ImaginetheshockIfacedwhenIrealizedthatcertaincruelpersonsbadlytreatedtheirpets.OverthespringbreakofthirdgradewhenIvisitedAuntJudyandmycousinsinPhiladelphia，Imetherone-eyedcat，Gordon.Acold，skinnycreature，Ifirstlyavoideddirectingmyattentiontowardsthecat.AuntJudymusthavenoticedmystrangebehavior，soshetookmeasideandexplainedthattheGordon'sownerhaddesertedhim.ThecatwasextremelyunhealthyandinjuredwhenAuntJudydiscoveredhim.

Aftershehadfoundmedicaltreatmentsforthecat，myauntdecidedtokeephimbecauseAuntJudysaid，"Theunwantedanimalsaretheonesmostinneedofsomeonetolovethemwholeheartedly."Aftermyaunt'sadvice，IspentadditionaltimetoknowGordonandasdayspassed，hegrewlessafraidofmeandIbecamemorewillingtolovehim.

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

（2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Para1：Itbrokemyhearttoseehissadeyes.

______

Para2：Nocreaturelovessuchalonelyendtotheirlife.

______

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、A、D【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Istanbul中關(guān)鍵句ItisthelargestcityinTurkey，crossingEuropeandAsia，consideredthecountry'seconomic，culturalandhistoricalheart.（它是土耳其最大的城市，橫跨歐洲和亞洲，被認(rèn)為是土耳其的經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化和歷史中心）可知，伊斯坦布爾是土耳其最大的城市。故選B。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Istanbul中Fromchurchestopalaces，itswell-keptheritageisstillverypresentonavisittoTurkey'slargestcity.（從教堂到宮殿，它保存完好的遺產(chǎn)仍然存在于土耳其最大的城市）；Valletta中Itisahistoricaltimeroom，whichisfilledwithchurchesofItalianstyleandgoldenstonebuildings.（這是一個(gè)歷史悠久的時(shí)間房間，里面充滿了意大利風(fēng)格的教堂和金色的石頭建筑）及Venice中Thereare，infact，150canalswithmorethan400bridgesthatconnectVenice's118smallislandsintheVenetianLake，somelargeenoughforunforgettablechurchesandpalaces，squaresandmuseums，amazingrestaurantsandbeautifulshops.（事實(shí)上，威尼斯湖上有150條運(yùn)河和400多座橋梁連接著威尼斯的118個(gè)小島，其中一些島嶼大到足以容納令人難忘的教堂和宮殿、廣場(chǎng)和博物館、令人驚嘆的餐館和美麗的商店）可知，三個(gè)城市的共同點(diǎn)是都有教堂。故選A。

（3）寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章第一段Let'smakeajourneyintotheunknown.（讓我們踏上未知之旅吧）及下文介紹三所城市的景點(diǎn)可推知，本文是為了介紹這三座城市的未知景觀。故選D。

本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了三處值得游覽的城市景點(diǎn)。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。做題時(shí)要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。4~7.【答案】A、D、C、B【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Shehadbeentherethewholeafternoon，readingandthinkingdeeplyaboutsomething.Shehadabookinherhand，withastrangename，whichIdidnotunderstandandhaveforgotten.（她在那里呆了整整一個(gè)下午，讀著書，思考著一些事情。她手里拿著一本書，有一個(gè)奇怪的名字，我不明白，也忘記了。）可知，瑪格麗特在SleepyHollow讀書。故選A。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段ThenwecontinuedtotalkaboutAutumn，thepleasuresofgettinglostinthewoods，theblackbirds，whosevoicesMargarethadheard，theexperiencesofearlychildhood，whoseinfluenceremainsuponthecharacteraftertherememberingofthemhaspassedaway，thesightofmountainsfromadistance，andtheviewfromtheirtopsofmountains.（然后我們繼續(xù)談?wù)撉锾欤跇?shù)林里迷路的樂(lè)趣，瑪格麗特聽(tīng)到過(guò)的黑鳥(niǎo)的聲音，童年早期的經(jīng)歷，在對(duì)它們的記憶消失后，它們對(duì)角色的影響仍然存在，從遠(yuǎn)處看到的山脈，以及從它們的山頂看到的景色。）可知，瑪格麗特和作者一起談?wù)摿爽敻覃愄氐耐?。故選D。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段ItwasMr.EmersonwhohadfoundnobetterwayofspendingSundaythantowalkamongthewoods.（愛(ài)默生先生找不到比在樹(shù)林里散步更好的方式來(lái)度過(guò)星期天。）可知，默生先生認(rèn)為，休息一天的最佳方式是在樹(shù)林里散步。故選C。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段ThenwecontinuedtotalkaboutAutumn，thepleasuresofgettinglostinthewoods，theblackbirds，whosevoicesMargarethadheard，theexperiencesofearlychildhood，whoseinfluenceremainsuponthecharacteraftertherememberingofthemhaspassedaway，thesightofmountainsfromadistance，andtheviewfromtheirtopsofmountains.（然后我們繼續(xù)談?wù)撉锾?，在?shù)林里迷路的樂(lè)趣，瑪格麗特聽(tīng)到過(guò)的黑鳥(niǎo)的聲音，童年早期的經(jīng)歷，在對(duì)它們的記憶消失后，它們對(duì)角色的影響仍然存在，從遠(yuǎn)處看到的山脈，以及從它們的山頂看到的景色。）可知，作者待在SleepyHollow感到高興。A.Boring.無(wú)聊的；B.Pleasant.愉快的；C.Disappointing.令人失望的；D.Frightening.害怕的。故選B。

短文主要寫了主人公在SleepyHollow遇到了Margaret，兩人在樹(shù)林中談?wù)摿饲锾?、童年回憶和自然景觀。之后，他們遇到了Mr.Emerson，一起聊天后各自回家。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。8~11.【答案】C、B、A、D【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Thematerialinthecapsulewascollectedbyblowingdustandrocksintoacontainerwithgas.（太空艙里的物質(zhì)是通過(guò)將灰塵和巖石吹入一個(gè)裝有氣體的容器來(lái)收集的）可知，這個(gè)容器從小行星Bennu收集到的是灰塵和巖石。故選C。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"ThereasonthatEarthisthehabitableworldthatwehave，withoceansandlakesandriversandrain，"saidplanetaryscientistDanteLaurettaoftheUniversityofArizonainTucson，wholeadstheOSIRIS-RExmission，"isthattheseclayminerals，liketheoneswe'reseeingfromBennu，landedonEarth4billionyearsagoto4.5billionyearsago，makingourworldhabitable."（OSIRIS-REx任務(wù)的負(fù)責(zé)人、圖森亞利桑那大學(xué)的行星科學(xué)家DanteLauretta說(shuō)："地球之所以是一個(gè)適宜居住的世界，有海洋、湖泊、河流和雨水，是因?yàn)檫@些粘土礦物，就像我們從貝努看到的那樣，在40億到45億年前降落在地球上，使我們的世界適合居住。"）可知，OSIRIS-REx任務(wù)的負(fù)責(zé)人DanteLauretta說(shuō)，地球之所以適宜居住，就是因?yàn)檫@些粘土礦物。由此可知，使我們的世界成為一個(gè)美好、適宜居住的地方的物質(zhì)是粘土礦物。故選B。

（3）詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段AquarteroftheBennusamplewillgotoscientistsontheOSIRIS-Rexmissionforresearch.Therestwillbedivvied

upamongscientistsaroundtheworld，withapartleftforfuturestudy.（四分之一的Bennu樣本將交給OSIRISRex任務(wù)的科學(xué)家進(jìn)行研究。剩下的將在世界各地的科學(xué)家中分配，還有一部分留給未來(lái)的研究。）可知，其中一部分留給未來(lái)的研究，綜上信息可知，劃線短語(yǔ)的意思應(yīng)與"分配"意義相近。A.Dividedinto分配；B.Takenback帶回；C.Combinedwith結(jié)合；D.Storedby儲(chǔ)存。故選A。

（4）觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)尾段"Thissampleisourdream，"saidDanielGlavin，aseniorscientistforsamplereturnatGoddard."Ijustcan'twaittogetatit.Andthismaterialwillbearoundforgenerationsandgenerations."（"這個(gè)樣本是我們的夢(mèng)想，"戈達(dá)德實(shí)驗(yàn)室負(fù)責(zé)樣本回收的資深科學(xué)家DanielGlavin說(shuō)。"我等不及要開(kāi)始了。這種材料將會(huì)代代相傳。"）可知，DanielGlavin對(duì)從月球后面帶來(lái)的物質(zhì)持積極的態(tài)度。A.Negative消極的；B.Indifferent漠不關(guān)心的；C.Objective客觀的；D.Positive積極的。故選D。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了NASA的科學(xué)家在收集容器外發(fā)現(xiàn)了額外的物質(zhì)，這導(dǎo)致了一些科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。做題時(shí)要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。12~15.【答案】A、B、D、D【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Largepopulationswillneedtomove，andnotsimplytothenearestcity，butalsoacrosscontinents（大陸）.（大量人口將需要遷移，而且不僅僅是遷移到最近的城市，還要跨越大陸）可知，根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，我們可以通過(guò)穿越大陸來(lái)解決龐大的人口問(wèn)題。故選A。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Wewillneedtocreateentirelynewcitiesneartheplanet'scoolerplaces，whicharerapidlybecomingice-free.（我們需要在地球上較冷的地方附近建造全新的城市，這些地方正在迅速變得無(wú)冰）可知，根據(jù)文章的建議，我們將在靠近較涼爽的地區(qū)建設(shè)新的城市。故選B。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段In2019，firesdestroyedmorethan24millionhectares（公頃）ofSiberianforest，burningverystronglyformorethanthreemonths，andproducingacloudaslargeasthecountriesthatmakeuptheentireEuropeanUnion.（2019年，大火摧毀了2400多萬(wàn)公頃的西伯利亞森林，大火持續(xù)了三個(gè)多月，產(chǎn)生的云層與整個(gè)歐盟國(guó)家一樣大）可知，2019年的森林大火極大地破壞了許多森林。故選D。

（4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Theworldalreadyseestwiceasmanydayswhentemperaturesaremorethan50℃as30yearsago—thislevelofheatisverydangerousforhumans，andalsolargelyproblematicforbuildings，roadsandpowerstations.Itmakesanareahardtolivein.（全球氣溫超過(guò)50℃的天數(shù)已經(jīng)是30年前的兩倍這種高溫對(duì)人類非常危險(xiǎn)，對(duì)建筑物、道路和發(fā)電站也有很大的問(wèn)題。這使得這個(gè)地區(qū)很難居?。┙Y(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了全球氣溫升高導(dǎo)致人類居住區(qū)域?qū)l(fā)生變化，對(duì)此作者建議人類進(jìn)行遷徙，同時(shí)建設(shè)新的城市來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)這一問(wèn)題。由此可知，這篇文章的主旨是氣溫升高改變了人們的生活。故選D。

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了全球氣溫升高導(dǎo)致人類居住區(qū)域?qū)l(fā)生變化，對(duì)此作者建議人類進(jìn)行遷徙，同時(shí)建設(shè)新的城市來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)這一問(wèn)題。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。做題時(shí)要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。16~20.【答案】C、D、F、A、G【解析】（1）語(yǔ)境銜接題。根據(jù)前文Manyexpertsgivealargenumberofsuggestionstodealwiththesocialissue.（許多專家對(duì)解決這一社會(huì)問(wèn)題提出了大量的建議。）及后文Ifyoulearntheseways，youarerelaxedwhenyouarestudyingatschoolorcollegeandworkinganywhere.（如果你學(xué)會(huì)了這些方法，當(dāng)你在學(xué)校或大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)或在任何地方工作時(shí)，你都會(huì)放松下來(lái)。）可知，空處應(yīng)提出健康專家提出了處理壓力的方法。C選項(xiàng)Thereare4waystomanagestress，accordingtohealthexperts（健康專家表示，有4種方法可以緩解壓力。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。

（2）語(yǔ)境銜接題。根據(jù)標(biāo)題Practicethe"STOP"skill（練習(xí)"停止"技能）及下文sheexplains."Whenyoucanlosecontrol，use"STOP"toregaincontrolofthestress.（她解釋說(shuō)："當(dāng)你可能失去控制時(shí)，使用"停止"來(lái)重新獲得對(duì)壓力的控制。）可知空處應(yīng)具體說(shuō)明什么是"停止"技巧。D選項(xiàng)Stopstandsfor：Stop；Takeastepback；Observe；Thinkcalmly（停止代表：停止；退后一步；觀察；冷靜地想。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。

（3）語(yǔ)境銜接題。根據(jù)前文Havingfewerhoursofdaylightcanhaveaharmfulimpactonyourmood.（日照時(shí)間較短會(huì)對(duì)你的心情產(chǎn)生有害影響。）可知，表明應(yīng)多出去曬太陽(yáng)，和后文Whateveryoudo，justmakeanefforttomakeitaneverydayhabit"，DoreenMarshallsays.（DoreenMarshall說(shuō)："無(wú)論你做什么，只要努力讓它成為一種日常習(xí)慣。"）同樣表明應(yīng)多外出；F選項(xiàng)Youcansimplysitandwatchthesunriseorwalkaroundyourneighborhood（你可以坐下來(lái)看日出，或者在附近走走。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。

（4）聯(lián)系下文題。本段描述"如果你感到孤獨(dú)，和別人聯(lián)系"，結(jié)合后文However，trytochallengeyourselftosendthreeemailsaweektosomeoneyouhaven'theardfrominawhile，orcalladifferentlovedoneeachweektocheckinandseehowtheyaredoing.（然而，試著挑戰(zhàn)一下自己，每周給你有段時(shí)間沒(méi)有聯(lián)系的人發(fā)三封電子郵件，或者每周給不同的珍愛(ài)的人打電話，看看他們過(guò)得怎么樣。）可知，表明如何與別人聯(lián)系。A選項(xiàng)Itcanbealittleembarrassedreconnectingwithpeople（重新與人聯(lián)系可能會(huì)有點(diǎn)尷尬。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。

（5）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)前文Youmaywanttowritedownthingsthatarestressingyououtandwhytheyarestressingyouout.（你可能想要寫下讓你感到壓力的事情，以及它們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)讓你感到壓力。）可知，表明應(yīng)寫下讓自己有壓力的事情。G選項(xiàng)Meanwhile，takingdownyourthoughtscanclearyourheadanddealwithit（同時(shí)，記下你的想法可以讓你的頭腦清醒并處理它。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。

這是一篇說(shuō)明文，本文介紹了處理壓力的幾種方法。

七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個(gè)選詞，一個(gè)選句子。解題時(shí)，要注意上下文語(yǔ)境，充分考慮信息詞（選項(xiàng)中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語(yǔ)境的句子。21~35.【答案】B、A、B、C、D、A、D、C、B、B、D、A、C、A、B【解析】（1）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.escaping逃跑；B.suffering（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦；C.dating注明日期；D.returning返回。句意：我雙目失明，耳聾，當(dāng)我想到這兩個(gè)生命聯(lián)系在一起，心中充滿了驚奇。根據(jù)空后的"fromblindeyesanddeafears"可知，此處指"雙目失明，耳聾"，sufferfrom"患……病，遭受……之苦"，符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。

（2）考查連詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.before在……以前；B.when當(dāng)……時(shí)；C.that（無(wú)意義）；D.as因?yàn)?。句意：那?887年3月3日，還有三個(gè)月我就七歲了。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處指"還有三個(gè)月我就七歲了"，用連詞before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故選A。

（3）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.first第一的；B.important重要的；C.second第二的；D.third第三的。句意：在那個(gè)重要日子的下午，我站在門口，默默地期待著什么。根據(jù)第一段中"Themostimportantday"可知，此處是詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)，指"在那個(gè)重要日子的下午"，故選B。

（4）考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.actually實(shí)際上；B.slightly輕微地；C.silently默默地，不說(shuō)話地；D.hopelessly絕望地。句意：在那個(gè)重要日子的下午，我站在門口，默默地期待著什么。結(jié)合上句"Istoodatthegate"可知，作者站在門口，似乎在默默期待著什么，故選C。

（5）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.unhappy不高興的；B.negative負(fù)面的，消極的；C.bad不好的；D.unexpected出乎意料的。句意：從他們?cè)谖堇锎掖易邅?lái)走去的樣子，我隱約猜到有什么意想不到的事情要發(fā)生，于是我走到門口，站在臺(tái)階上等著。根據(jù)上句"Iguessedunclearlyfromtheirhurryingtoandfrominthehouse"可知，作者從房間里人們忙前忙后的動(dòng)靜隱約地猜到，家里要有什么意想不到的事情發(fā)生，故選D。

（6）考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.passedthrough穿過(guò)；B.turnedup出現(xiàn)；C.cameacross偶然遇見(jiàn)；D.belongedto屬于。句意：午后的陽(yáng)光透過(guò)蓋在大門上的花叢，照在我仰起的臉上。根據(jù)下句"fellonmyupturned（7）."可知，陽(yáng)光穿透茂密的花叢，照到了作者，故選A。

（7）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.body身體；B.skin皮膚；C.head頭；D.face臉。句意：午后的陽(yáng)光透過(guò)蓋在大門上的花叢，照在我仰起的臉上。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及空前"upturned"可知，作者站在門口，陽(yáng)光照在她仰起的臉上，故選D。

（8）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.apples蘋果；B.bananas香蕉；C.flowers花；D.plants植物。句意：我的手指幾乎不自覺(jué)地摸到了熟悉的樹(shù)葉和花朵，它們剛剛冒出來(lái)迎接南方快樂(lè)的春天。根據(jù)上文"themassofflowersthatcoveredthegate"可知，作者在門口無(wú)意識(shí)地摸到了蓋在大門處的樹(shù)葉和花，故選C。

（9）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.tended傾向，趨于；B.struck擊打，侵襲；C.smiled微笑；D.influenced影響。句意：幾個(gè)星期以來(lái)，懊惱和苦悶不斷地折磨著我，一種深深的疲憊贏得了它們之間的斗爭(zhēng)。結(jié)合空后"adeeptirednesshadwonthisfightbetweenthem"可知，懊惱和苦悶不斷地折磨著作者，令她疲憊不堪，strike符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。

（10）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.living活的；B.coming即將來(lái)臨的；C.worrying令人擔(dān)憂的；D.interesting有趣的。句意：當(dāng)我感到有腳步聲時(shí)，我伸出了我的手，我以為像往常一樣是媽媽的。根據(jù)下句"Ireachedoutmyhand"可知，作者伸出手，說(shuō)明她聽(tīng)到靠近的腳步聲，知道有人來(lái)了，故選B。

（11）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.far遠(yuǎn)的；B.well身體好的；C.long長(zhǎng)的；D.usual平常的。句意：當(dāng)我感到有腳步聲時(shí)，我伸出了我的手，我以為像往常一樣是媽媽的。根據(jù)空前"whichIsupposedtomymother"和語(yǔ)境可知，作者聽(tīng)到腳步聲靠近就伸出手，她以為像往常一樣是母親來(lái)了，故選D。

（12）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.held抓住，抱?。籅.kissed親吻；C.answered回答；D.attacked攻擊。句意：有人抓住了我的手，我被緊緊地?fù)г谒膽牙?。根?jù)空后"inthearmsofher"可知，此處指抱住作者，故選A。

（13）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.contain包含；B.regard認(rèn)為，看待；C.show給……看，展示；D.speak說(shuō)。句意：她將要向我揭示萬(wàn)物，并且來(lái)愛(ài)我。根據(jù)第一段中"myteacher，AnneSullivan，cametome"可知，AnneSullivan老師來(lái)到作者身邊，應(yīng)是教導(dǎo)作者，故此處指向作者揭示萬(wàn)物，故選C。

（14）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.thick厚的，濃密的；B.thin薄的，瘦的；C.big大的；D.small小的。句意：你是否曾經(jīng)航行在濃霧迷漫的大海上？根據(jù)下文"Light!givemelight!"提到渴望光明可知，此處指航行在濃霧迷漫的大海上，故選A。

（15）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.tension緊張；B.love愛(ài)；C.night夜晚；D.fire火。句意："光明！給我光明！"這是我內(nèi)心無(wú)言的呼喊，就在那一刻，愛(ài)的光