高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之冠詞

冠詞的用法THEARTICLE冠詞的用法：冠詞定冠詞不定冠詞零冠詞

(Article)(DefiniteArticle)(IndefiniteArticle)(ZeroArticle)Keystothein-classexercises1.x,a,the,the/an,a/the/x,the/x/x,x/an/the/x2.ateacher,money,furniture,people,taxidrivers,apples,water,men,books,snow3.uncountable:advice,baggage,equipment,furniture,hair,homework,information,money,weather2piecesofbaggage,some,piecesofhomework,someadvice,hair,anyKeystothein-classexercisesThepriceofanewtypeofanewbicyclecalledthe“ThomsonBike”is￡7,500.Thenewbicyclegoesat40k.p.h.withevenanaverageriderridingit.Theridersitshigherthanusualandthebicyclegoesmuchfaster.Butisthisacomfortablewaytositandistheridercomfortable?“No”,saystheinventor,MelvinThomson.“Afteranhourtheriderwouldbetired.”Butpeoplewhohaveseenthenewbikealllikeitandallthepeoplewhohaveriddenitsaybikeslikethisarethebikesofthefutureandtheywouldbuyabikelikethis.順口溜==|||一、定冠詞的用法。特指雙熟悉，上文已提及；世上獨(dú)無(wú)二，序數(shù)最高級(jí)；某些專有名，習(xí)語(yǔ)及樂(lè)器。二、不用冠詞的集中情況。以下情況應(yīng)免冠，代詞限定名詞前；專有名詞不可數(shù)，學(xué)科球類三餐飯；復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指，三節(jié)星期月份前；顏色語(yǔ)種和國(guó)名，稱呼習(xí)語(yǔ)及頭銜。三節(jié)Children‘sDay兒童節(jié)

Teachers‘Day教師節(jié)Women'sDay婦女節(jié)

不定冠詞的根本用法不定冠詞有“a和an”兩種形式。"a"用在以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的詞前，而不是輔音字母前；"an"用在以元音音素開(kāi)頭的詞前，而不是元音字母前，如hour，首字母為輔音，但第一個(gè)發(fā)音是“a?”，故用anuniversity雖首字母為元音，但發(fā)音以“jU:”開(kāi)頭，故用a1.用于可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式之前，表示"一"Thereisamanintheroom.2.表示一類人或事物,a+名詞Atigercanbedangerous.也可用定冠詞the+形容詞〔代表一類人〕Thepoorarestillpoor.3.表示"某一個(gè)"的意思AMr.Wangwantstoseeyou.4.表示"同一"的意思Theyareofanage.Thetwoshirtsaremuchofasize.5.表示"每一"的意思Wegoswimmingfourtimesaweek.6.第一次提到的人或事物，但不特指是哪一個(gè)Longlongagotherewasanoldkingwhohadaverybeautifuldaughter.7.在感慨句what...的句式中Whataprettygirlsheis!8.用在某些表示數(shù)量的詞組中：alotof許多acoupleof一對(duì)agreatmany很多adozen一打agreatdealof大量9．用在序數(shù)詞前，表示“又一”，“再一”。Ihavethreebooks.Iwanttobuyafourthone.10.用語(yǔ)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中

allofasudden,Infact,asaresultalittle,agreatmany=averylargenumberofagreatdeal(of...),haveacoldhaveagoodtime，inamoment,afterawhile,inahurry,inaword,makeaspeech,haveagoodtime定冠詞的用法1.用以特指某〔些〕人或某〔些〕事物，這是定冠詞的根本用法ThisisthehousewhereLuxunoncelived.2.用于指談話雙方都明確所指的人或事物Openthedoor,please.3.用以復(fù)述上文提過(guò)的人或事物〔第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the”〕Ihaveacar.Thecarisred.4.用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前,或first,next,last,same,only等表示獨(dú)特含義的詞語(yǔ)前Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina.WhenisthenextflighttoBeijing.HeistheonlypersonIwanttosee.5.表示地球、宇宙等獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物thesun,themoon,theearth,thesky,theworld6.在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脈、海峽、海灣等地理名詞前thePacificOcean,theHuangheRiver7.指由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞theWestLake,theGreatWalltheUnitedStates,theWTO8.表示地點(diǎn)、方位、具體的時(shí)間或某天的一局部等。intheeast,ontheright,intheafternoon10.和某些形容詞連用，使形容詞名詞化，代表一類人或物thepoor窮人therich富人thesick病人thewounded傷員thegood好人thebeautiful美麗的事物11.the加單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞可以表示一類人或事物Thehorseisausefulanimal.12.用于西洋樂(lè)器前〔民族樂(lè)器前不加〕playthepiano彈鋼琴playtheviolin拉小提琴*中國(guó)樂(lè)器名詞前不與冠詞連用:playerhu(二胡)]13.用于創(chuàng)造物前，這時(shí)名詞要用單數(shù)。the+n{創(chuàng)造物}必須是單數(shù)whoinventedthetelephone?14.與民族、國(guó)籍的形容詞連用，表整個(gè)民族，所有國(guó)人

theChinesearebravepeople15.用在表示自然現(xiàn)象的名詞前

therain,theair,thesnow.Don’tstandintherain.

但這類名詞前有形容詞修飾時(shí)，可用不定冠詞，表示一陣，一場(chǎng)，一種

acoldwindisblowing.aheavysnowisfallingoutside.16.用在表示計(jì)算單位的名詞前，含有“每，每一”的意思

Eggsaresoldbythekilogram.17.用在某些固定用法里：

inthemorning,gotothecinema,onthewayto,atthesametime,bytheway,allthetime注：用在人體部位名詞前。

Heseizedmebythearm.(hit/strike/beat)+sb.+in/on+the+部位IhitTomonthenose/shoulder/head.Hestruckthethiefintheeyes/face.

(pull/seize/lead/catch)+sb.+by+the

+部位Sheledthecowbythenose.Iseizedherbythehand."零"冠詞的用法

1.專有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞前一般不加冠詞〔在特指時(shí)要加冠詞〕China中國(guó)Europe歐洲Money金錢water特指時(shí)加冠詞thewaterinmycupisdirty.2.用于復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，泛指一類人或事物，但特指時(shí)需加冠詞Studentsshouldstudyhard.特指時(shí)加冠詞Thestudentsareclever.3.月份、星期、節(jié)日前一般不加冠詞〔在特指時(shí)加冠詞〕January,Sunday,ChristmasDay,Thanksgiving比較：...onaSundaymorning.〔表示某一個(gè)。〕注:民族節(jié)日前要加the如:theSpringFestival4.三餐、四季前一般不加冠詞,特指那么加Ihavelunchatschool.比較：Ihadabiglunchyesterday.〔表示特指〕Summeristhebestseasonforswimming.比較：IwillneverforgetthesummerwespentinHawaii.〔表示特指〕5.進(jìn)行球類運(yùn)動(dòng)playbasketball,playvolleyball6.在職位或表示頭銜的名詞前。King,captain,president7.沒(méi)有特指的不可數(shù)抽象名詞Timeisprecious.比較：Thetimeoftheplaywas1990s.〔表示特指〕8.固定詞組athome,atnight,onfoot,gotobed用與不用冠詞的差異：gotoschoolgototheschoolinfrontofinthefrontofoutofquestionoutofthequestiontwoofusthetwoofusinfutureinthefuturenextyearthenextyearonearthontheearth去上學(xué)去學(xué)校在…前面在…的前部毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)不可能的，辦不到的我們當(dāng)中的兩人我們兩人(共計(jì)兩人)從今以后，將來(lái)未來(lái)第二年明年在地球上，在世上究竟冠詞的特殊位置(1)

假設(shè)修飾名詞的形容詞受

too,

so,

as,

how,

however

等副詞的修飾，那么通常將不定冠詞置于形容詞與名詞之間：

It

is

too

difficult

a

book

for

beginners.

He

didn’t

know

how

great

a

mistake

he

had

made.

(2)

假設(shè)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前有such,

what,

many

等詞修飾，不定冠詞應(yīng)置于它們之后：

What

a

nice

coat!

I’ve

never

seen

such

ananimal.

Manyamanisfitforthejob.

注：“many

a＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”是一種較文的說(shuō)法，在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)的口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中，通常用“many＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”代之。(3)

不定冠詞與副詞

quite,

rather

連用時(shí)，不定冠詞通常置于其后，但假設(shè)其后的名詞前有形容詞修飾，那么不定冠詞放在

quite,

rather

之前或之后均可以：He

is

rather

a

fool.

(

a

必須后置)

It

is

quite

a

[a

quite]

good

book.

。

但不能說(shuō)：He

is

a

rather

fool.

(因名詞前無(wú)形容詞，所以錯(cuò))

定冠詞與quite

和

rather連用時(shí)，情況也是如此(即定冠詞后置)：

You’re

going

quite

the

wrong

way.

你的路全走錯(cuò)了。

It’s

quite

the

most

interesting

film

I’ve

ever

seen.

(4)

與

both,

all,

half,

twice等連用時(shí)，冠詞通常應(yīng)置于其后：I

know

both

the

brothers.

He

left

half

an

hour

ago.

Yours

is

twice

the

size

of

mine.

冠詞位置1〕不定冠詞位置不定冠詞常位于名詞或名詞修飾語(yǔ)前。注意：

a.位于such，what，many，half等形容詞之后。例如：

Ihaveneverseensuchananimal.我從來(lái)沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)這樣的動(dòng)物。

Manyamanisfitforthejob.許多人適合這崗位。注：“many

a＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”是一種較文的說(shuō)法，在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)的口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中，通常用“many＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”代之?！眀.當(dāng)名詞前的形容詞被副詞as,so,too,how,however,enough修飾時(shí)，不定冠詞應(yīng)放在形容詞之后。例如：

ItisaspleasantadayasIhaveeverspent.我從未這么快樂(lè)過(guò)。

Soshortatime如此短的時(shí)間

Toolongadistance距離太遠(yuǎn)了

c.quite，rather與單數(shù)名詞連用，冠詞放在其后。但當(dāng)其名詞前

前仍有形容詞，不定冠詞放其前后均可，如：ratheracoldday/arathercoldday。

He

is

rather

a

fool.

(

a

必須后置)

It

is

quite

a

[a

quite]

good

book.

。

d.在as，though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)表語(yǔ)為形容詞修飾的名詞時(shí)，不定冠詞放形容詞后。例如：Braveamanthoughheis，hetremblesatthesightofsnakes.

他盡管勇敢，可見(jiàn)到蛇還是發(fā)抖。

e.as/so/such…as…等結(jié)構(gòu)中不定冠詞的位置as/so…as…結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定冠詞一般置于as/so修飾的形容詞后JenniferisnotsosmartagirlasIthought(Jennifer不像我認(rèn)為的那么聰明〕such…as…結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定冠詞一般置于such之后，形容詞之前。Weareinsuchadifficultsituationaswecameacrosslasttime.(我們正處在像上次遇到的那種困境地之中〕Hehasneverwrittensuchaninterestingbookasthat.(他從未寫(xiě)過(guò)像那本書(shū)那么有趣的書(shū)〕2〕定冠詞位置

定冠詞通常位于名詞或名詞修飾語(yǔ)前，但放在all，both，double，half，twice，threetimes等詞之后，名詞之前。例如：Allthestudentsintheclasswentout.班里的所有學(xué)生都出去He

left

half

an

hour

ago.

Yours

is

twice

the

size

of

mine.Exercise1.Everythingcomeswith___price,thereisnosuch____thingasafreelunchintheworld.A.a,aB.the,/C.the,aD.a,/2.—What____disappointmenttoseeLiuXiangquitehisgamein____29thBeijingOlympicGames!—ButIstillsupporthim.Afterallheisinpoorhealth.A./,theB.a,theC.the,/D.the,the3.Onthemoonit'stoohotin________dayandtoocoldat________night.

A.the;不填B.the;the

C.a;the

D.a;/4.Ittookme_______hourand______halftofinishthework.

A.a;a

B.an;an

C.a;an

D.an;aDBAD5.Aspaceshipfliesataboutelevenkilometres_________second.

A.a

B.an

C.the

D.不填6.Thepictureon_________leftismorebeautifulthantheoneon_______right.

A.不填;不填

B.the;the

C.a;a

D.an;an7.Thewomantookthelittlegirlby________hand.

A.a

B.an

C.the

D.不填8.Mr.Readpattedhimon________shoulder.

A.a

B.an

C.the

D.不填9.Alltheworkhadtobedoneby_______handwhentherewerenomodernmachines.

A.不填B.the

C.an

D.a10.Weshouldalwaysthinkof________oldand_______sick.

A.the;the

B.an;a

C.不填;不填D.the;aABCCAA()11.______recentreportstatedthatthenumberofSpanishspeakersintheU.S.wouldbehigherthanthenumberofEnglishspeakerby_____year2090.A.A,theB.A,/C.The,/D.The,a()12.Ifyougoby______train,youcanhavequiteacomfortablejourney,butmakesureyouget_____fastone.A./,/B./,aC.the,aD./,/()13.Itisoftensaidthat____teachershave_______veryeasylife.A/,/B./,aC.the,/D.the,a()14.Ican’trememberwhenexactlytheRobinsonsleft_____city,Ionlyrememberitwas______Monday.。A.the,theB.a,theC.a,aD.the,a()15.Ifyougrowupin______largefamily,you

aremorelikelytodevelop_____abilitytogetonwellwith______others.A./,antheB.a,the,/C.the,an,theD.a,the,theABBDB1.Theygotmuch_____fromthosenewbooks.A.ideasB.photosC.newsD.stories2.Ihavetwo_______andthreebottlesof_________here.A.orange,orangeB.oranges,orangesC.oranges,orangeD.orange,oranges3.EveryeveningMr.Kingtakesa_________tohishome.A.25minutes’walk