高中虛擬語氣課件

Subjunctive

Mood虛擬語氣虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式，是用來表示說話人所說的話不是一個事實，而是一種假設、猜測、愿望、要求、命令、建議等。虛擬語氣的概念虛擬語氣高考對虛擬語氣的考查側(cè)重于：在非真實條件狀語從句中的使用，含蓄條件句中的用法，名詞從句中的用法及一些特殊句式中的用法。今后高考仍然會重視對虛擬語氣句型的考查，而且試題語境會更靈活，考查角度更加多樣化。除了在語境中考單項選擇，在閱讀、改錯中出現(xiàn)要準確理解運用。高考命題趨勢

虛擬語氣的主要內(nèi)容一、非真實條件句〔if等〕中的虛擬語氣1.時態(tài)一致虛擬句2.錯綜時間的虛擬句3.倒裝句4.含蓄條件句5.ifonly感慨句二、名詞性從句的虛擬語氣：賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句三、幾種特殊的虛擬語氣句式wish、asif/though、wouldrather、It’stime…It’snecessary/strange/natural/important…+that從句條件從句If從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去未來V.+ed(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+V(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.V.+ed.2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)一.虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法(3種)。〔時態(tài)一致〕2、錯綜時間的虛擬句

通常情況下,在非真實條件句中主句和從句的謂語動詞所指時間是一致的,但有時也可能指不同的時間,這時要根據(jù)上下文的意思采用不同的謂語動詞形式.1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.(從句指現(xiàn)在,主句指過去)。2.

IfIhadtakenmyraincoatwithmethismorning,Iwouldnotbewetnow.(從句指過去,主句指現(xiàn)在)。虛擬語氣3、省略if的條件從句當從句中有were,had或should時，可省略if，而把它們放在句首。IfIweretomeethimtomorrow,Ishouldaskhimaboutit.

WereItomeethimtomorrow,…Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.

Shouldhefailintheexperiment…

Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.虛擬語氣在在條件從句中Had

youcomeafew….4.without,butfor，or和otherwise構(gòu)成虛擬?！埠顥l件句〕其后的句子與虛擬條件主句用法一致。1.〕Withoutsunlight,therewouldbenolifeonourplanet.2.〕Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.3.〕Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.(副詞)4.〕Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.(連詞)5.Ifonly…要是…就好了!

IfonlyI

knew

hisname!

Ifonlywe

hadfollowed

youradvice!!

IfonlyI

wouldsee

himagain!要是我們的父母和我們住在一起就好了。要是我沒錯過火車就好了！Ifonlyourparentslivedwithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!a.Ifthey____(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_____(burst)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakeburstwouldhappenPRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.Ifhe__________〔drive〕morecarefully,he_________________(nothave)thecaraccidentyesterday.haddriven

wouldnothavehad

二.

名詞性從句的虛擬語氣。主要是表示命令、要求、建議的虛擬語氣。賓語從句。常見動詞：一堅持：insist二命令：order,command

四建議：advisesuggestproposerecommend六要求：demand,require,request,desire,beg，ask

這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動詞使用should+動詞原形，或者將should省略。我們建議Tom去休息一下。他堅決要求我到場。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ鳌esuggestedthatTom(should)havearest.HeinsistedthatI

(should)be

present.Theyrequestedthatwe

(should)send

themtoworkthere.虛擬語氣在：在賓語從句中

注意:insist/suggest各有兩意思，要用不同的語氣①表“堅決要求”,虛擬,(should)+do;②表“堅稱,堅持說”,陳述語氣,表事實。①表“建議”，虛擬,(should)+do;②表“說明、暗示”，用陳述語氣。1.Theteachersuggestedthatwe______________moreafterclass.〔我們課后多練習〕2.Thelookonherfacesuggestedthatshe________happy3.Heinsistedthatallofus___________thereontimebyanymeans.〔我們大家想盡方法按時去那兒〕4.Heinsistedthathe_____________thewallet(沒有偷錢包).insistsuggest(should)practisewas(should)bedidn’tsteal以上動詞用被動，后接的主語從句及相應的名詞構(gòu)成的表語、同位語從句，也要使用虛擬語氣。從句中的動詞形式一樣。即：(should)＋V.

order,command,advice,suggestion,proposal,recommendation,demand,request,desire,requirement…It’ssuggestedthattheplan

Mydemandisthatshe

toseemeonceaweek.Wearefortheadvicethatthefactory

closeddown.(Should)becarriedout.(should)come(should)be三.虛擬語氣特殊句型:1.wish的賓語從句現(xiàn)在:過去時〔were〕過去:過去完成時未來:would/could/might+V.Iwisheveryday

mybirthday.wereIwish/wishedI

somuchwatermelon.對過去情況的虛擬hadn’teatenIwishit

raintomorrow.wouldHelooksasifhe

drunk.Theytalkedasiftheyfriendsforyears.

Shelovesthebabyasifitherownson.werehadbeenwere2,Asif/though用法3.wouldrather(that)現(xiàn)在,將來：過去：Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.

Iwouldratheryouhadcome

yesterday.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.過去時過去完成時3.It’s(about/high)time+(that)…should+V.過去時我們該去睡覺了。It’stimethatwe.It’stimethatwetobed.

(Should不可省略)wenttobedshouldgo4.

It’snecessary/strange/natural/surprising

important/essential/vital/advisable/desirable…+

that-Clause從句中的動詞要用虛擬，即〔should〕+動詞原形5.Incase5.Incase，forfearthat,lest(以免)后狀語從句常用〔should〕do表示虛擬。6.Itisapity/ashamethat…從句常用〔should〕do表示虛擬。7.evenif/eventhough引導的讓步狀語從句，如果表示虛擬，與if虛擬條件句用法相同。但上述兩類句型在現(xiàn)代英語中也常用陳述語氣。Self-summary1.從句中用〔should〕do表示虛擬的句型有哪些？2.通過時態(tài)表示虛擬的句型有哪些？Useyourheadandyouwilldoagoodjob！〔groupdiscussion〕1.表示建議、命令、要求、愿望的動詞、名詞及同根形容詞后的名詞從句。2.Itisimportant,natural,necessary…后主語從句。3.Itisapity/ashamethat…后主語從句。4.incase/forfearthat/lest后狀語從句。以上從句中用〔should〕do表示虛擬。1.在表示虛擬語氣的條件、讓步狀語從句中。2.wish后賓語從句，ifonly后的感慨句中。3.asif/asthough后狀語從句，wouldrather后賓語從句中。4.Itistime(that)…句型中。上述句型用動詞時態(tài)表示虛擬。注意：Itistime(that)…后也可以用shoulddo表示虛擬，should不可省略。2012年高考全國英語試題語法分類匯編之虛擬語氣

【2012湖南】29.Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI____time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.A.havehad B.hadhad C.have D.had【2012陜西卷】17.Ifmaycar_________morereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.A.was B.hadbeenC.shouldbeD.wouldbe【2012北京卷】33.We______thedifficultytogether,butwhydidn’tyoutellme?A.shouldface B.mightfaceC.couldhavefaced D.musthavefaced【2012北京卷】35.Don’thandlethevaseasifit____madeofsteel.A.isB.wereC.hasbeen D.hadbeen【2012天津卷】15.WewouldhavecalledataxiyesterdayifHarold__________usaridehome.A.didn’tofferB.wouldn’tofferC.hasn’tofferedD.hadn’toffered【2012山東卷】30.Ifwe_______adequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessful.A.haven’tmade B.wouldn’tmake C.didn’tmake D.hadn’tmade

【2012福建卷】31.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe________ moreplacesofinterestyesterday.A.visited B.hadvisited C.wouldvisit D.wouldhavevisited【2012江蘇卷】35.—Happybirthday!—Thankyou!It’sthebestpresentI_______for.A.shouldhavewished B.musthavewishedC.mayhavewished D.couldhavewished【2012安徽卷】31.Gracedoesn'twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe______there,shewouldn'tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.A.livesB.wouldliveC.haslivedD.weretolive【2012遼寧卷】33.Jackisagreattalker．Itishightimethathe________somethinginsteadofjusttalking.