2022-2023學(xué)年河南省名校聯(lián)盟高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

PAGEPAGE2河南省名校聯(lián)盟2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題滿分：150分考試時(shí)間：120分鐘第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A?19.15.B.?9.18.C.?9.15.答案是C。1.What’sthemangoingtododuringhisholiday?A.Goswimming.B.Gocamping.C.Gohiking.2.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$40.B.$12.C.$20.3.Whatdidthewomanthinkofthemovie?A.Boring.B.Funny.C.Relaxing.4.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Adictionary.B.Aphone.C.Anapp.5.What’sthewomanwaitingfor?A.Abook.B.Apostcard.C.Aletter.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whattimedoesthefilmbegin?A.At2:15pm.B.At2:30pm.C.At2:45pm.7.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodolater?A.Godowntothebeach.B.Walkthroughthepark.C.Eatathome.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Twins.B.Friends.C.Classmates.9.Howoldwaspuppywhenhedied?A.10.B.14.C.40.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whenwasthetennisclublastyear?A.OnTuesdays.B.OnWednesdays.C.OnThursdays.11.Whatsportdoesthemanprefer?A.Basketball.B.Football.C.Tennis.12.Whatclubwillthespeakersjointogether?A.Thefilmclub.B.Thesingingclub.C.Theguitarclub.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Offerinformationaboutpandas.B.Doresearchaboutpandasinthewild.C.Giveadviceonprotectingpandas.14.Whatdoweknowaboutpandas?A.Pandasspendabout12hourssleeping.B.Pandasliveingroupsinthewild.C.Pandascanlivetobe20yearsold.15.Whatdopandasbenefitfrombeingblackandwhite?A.Theycanprotectthemselveswell.B.Theycanseeeachothereasilyintheforest.C.Theycanattractmoretourists.16.Whyarepandasendangered?A.Humanbeingsaredamagingtheirhabitats.B.Theyarenotusedtocoldandrainyweather.C.Theyarekilledbytheirenemies.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatarethelistenersgoingtodofrom10:30to10:45?A.Getbooks.B.Takearest.C.Makeatimetable.18.WhowillgiveatalkabouttheLearningCenter?A.Carol.B.Rebecca.C.Steve.19.WhencanthelistenersmeetHelen?A.Duringlunchtime.B.Intheconversationclass.C.AfteralectureaboutLondon.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Aplanfortheday.B.Alectureafterlunch.C.AnintroductiontoLondon.答案：1.B2.B3.A4.C5.C6.C7.A8.A9.B10.A11.C12.A13.A14.C15.B16.A17.A18.A19.B20.C第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheBeijingWinterOlympicsisagreatsuccess.OntheBeijing-ZhangjiakouHigh-speedtrain,thecrew(乘務(wù)組)welcomepassengersfromdifferentcountriesindifferentlanguages,suchas“Hello!”,“Bonjour!”,“GutenTag!”,“Zdravstvuyte!”andsoon.Withtheirgoodservice,passengerscanmaketheirtripshappyandwarm.TheBejingZhangiakouHigh-speedrailwayplaysaveryimportantpartinmanyaspects.Itconnectsthethreemainhostingplaces(Beijing,YanqingandChongli)together.ItshortensthetraveltimebetweenBeijingandChonglifrommorethanthreehourstojustonehour.Thetrainsarewelldesignedandhavemanyadvantages,someofwhichareasfollows:SmartoperationsSomeofthetrainsalongtheBeijing-Zhangjiakourailwaylinearesmartenoughtodrivebythemselves!Morethan2,700sensors(傳感器)makesurethetrainrunssmoothly.Mostimportantly,thetrainscanrunintemperaturesaslowas-40oC.LargescreensSomecarriagesareequippedwithlargescreens.YoucanwatchtheOlympicsliveshowsonitwiththehelpof5Gtechnology.Nomatterwhetheryouareanathleteorareporter,youwon’tmissanyexcitingshow.SpecialcarriagesTherearespecialcarriagesforthedisabledpeople.It’swiderandhasBrailleeverywherewhichgreatlyhelpstheblindtoreadeasily.Thereisalsoabarrier-free(無(wú)障礙的)toiletwithanSOSbutton.Nexttothetoilet,thereisalsoaspaceespeciallyforskis.SafebagsAsmallsmartcardcanbetiedtoyourluggage.ItconnectstoyourphonethroughBluetooth.Inthisway,youcanalwaysknowwhereyourluggageis.Youneverneedtoworryaboutlosingyourbags!Whatmayhelpablindpassengermost?A.Largescreens. B.Smartcard.C.Bluetooth. D.Braille.2.Howcanyougetyourbageasily?A.Toputaphoneinit. B.Towatchabigscreen.C.Totieasmartcardtoit. D.TopushanSOSbutton.3.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Thefastwaytolocatetheluggage.B.TheadvantagesoftheHigh-speedtrain.C.ThesuccessofBeijingWinterOlympics.D.Thegoodserviceofthecrewonthetrain.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。北京冬奧會(huì)非常成功，京張高速鐵路在許多方面發(fā)揮著非常重要的作用，文章介紹了該列車(chē)的諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Specialcarriages”部分第二句“It’swiderandhasBrailleeverywherewhichgreatlyhelpstheblindtoreadeasily.(它更寬，到處都有盲文，這大大幫助盲人輕松閱讀。)”可知，盲文（Braille）對(duì)盲人乘客的幫助最大。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段前三句“Asmallsmartcardcanbetiedtoyourluggage.ItconnectstoyourphonethroughBluetooth.Inthisway,youcanalwaysknowwhereyourluggageis.(一張小智能卡可以綁在你的行李上。它通過(guò)藍(lán)牙連接到您的手機(jī)。這樣，你就可以隨時(shí)知道你的行李在哪里。)”可知，你只需在包上綁一張智能卡就可以輕松拿到包。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“TheBejingZhangiakouHigh-speedrailwayplaysaveryimportantpartinmanyaspects.(京張高速鐵路在許多方面發(fā)揮著非常重要的作用。)”和最后一句“Thetrainsarewelldesignedandhavemanyadvantages,someofwhichareasfollows(列車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)精良，具有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，其中一些優(yōu)點(diǎn)如下)”可知，文章主要是介紹高速列車(chē)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選B。BThemarathonrunner,bornin1984inKenya,hassucceededinrunninga42-kilometermarathoninundertwohours,whichwasconsideredphysicallyimpossible.Hemadethebreakthroughin2019.NowhehaswonthemostmaleWorldMarathonMajorraces,nineintotal.Kipchogelovedrunningduringhischildhood.Herantoschool,covering3.2kmeveryday.Kipchogealsocycledtothelocalmarket,takingseveralgallonsofmilkthathisfamilywouldsell.Whenhewasateenager,thankstohisneighborandformerOlympicathlete,Sang,Kipchogetookonprofessional(專(zhuān)業(yè)的)running.Sangbecamehiscoachandlifelongfriend.WiththehelpofSang,Kipchoge’strainingbecamemoreandmoreeffective.Kipchogehastalent.Butheisalsoa“truebeliever”fightingagainsthimself,alwaysreadytopushhisownlimits.In2016,attheRioOlympics,Kipchogewonthegoldmedalforthemarathonwithatimeof2:08:44.Onlytwoyearslater,in2018,hefinishedtheBerlinMarathoninatimeof2:01:39.TheresultwasnotjustthefastestBerlinmarathonruninhistory,butalsothefastestmarathoneverrunatthetime.Still,Kipchogedidn’tstop.Hebelievedhecouldgoonchallengingwherenootherhumanhadsucceeded.Attheageof35,withgoodpreparations,hefinishedtheracein1:59:40.20,breakingthetwo-hourlimit.Hesetthenewrecordandprovedtotheworldthatnohumanislimited.ThoughKipchogehaswonsomuch,hedidn’tstoprunning.In2021,hewonthegoldmedalforTokyoOlympicsmalemarathonwithatimeof2:08:38andin2022,theBerlinMarathon2:01:09.Apartfromhistalentaswellasworkinghard,hisshoesarealsohelpfulduringhisrunning.Itisapairofspecialoneswithaspecialkindoffoam(海綿式橡膠).Theycantakeinrunners’energywhentheirfeettouchthegroundandthenreturnpartoftheenergytotherunners,whichhelpsKipchogerunfaster.Nothingisimpossible.Kipchogeprovesthatthesayingistrue.4.WhathelpedKipchogestartprofessionaltraining?A.Hegotsupportfromhisfamily.B.Heran3.2kmtoschooleveryday.C.HebecamethestudentofanOlympicathlete.D.Hewentcyclingtothelocalmarkettosellmilk.5.WhydidthewritermentiontheshoesinPara.6?A.Toshowsciencetechnologyhelpssports.B.Toprovesuccessisbasedonhardworkonly.C.Toexplainenergycanstayintheshoesforalongtime.D.Torecommendmoremarathonrunnersbuythiskindofshoes.6.WhichcanbestdescribeKipchoge?A.Shyandenergetic. B.Friendlyandcreative.C.Outgoingandhumorous. D.Talentedandhardworking.7.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Asportsmagazine. B.Asciencelecture.C.Ahealthwebsite. D.Atraveldiary.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了肯尼亞長(zhǎng)跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員Kipchoge的故事。文中他不斷挑戰(zhàn)極限，突破自我，終于在2019年馬拉松比賽中跑進(jìn)了2小時(shí)，創(chuàng)下人類(lèi)馬拉松長(zhǎng)跑的新紀(jì)錄?！窘馕觥?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Whenhewasateenager,thankstohisneighborandformerOlympicathlete,Sang,Kipchogetookonprofessional(專(zhuān)業(yè)的)running.Sangbecamehiscoachandlifelongfriend.WiththehelpofSang,Kipchoge’strainingbecamemoreandmoreeffective(在他十幾歲的時(shí)候，多虧了他的鄰居、前奧運(yùn)會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員Sang，Kipchoge開(kāi)始了專(zhuān)業(yè)跑步。Sang成了他的教練和一生的朋友。在Sang的幫助下，Kipchoge的訓(xùn)練變得越來(lái)越有效)”可知，鄰居Sang是前奧運(yùn)選手，多虧了Sang，Kipchoge才開(kāi)始了專(zhuān)業(yè)訓(xùn)練。他成了奧運(yùn)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的學(xué)生。故選C。5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Apartfromhistalentaswellasworkinghard,hisshoesarealsohelpfulduringhisrunning.Itisapairofspecialoneswithaspecialkindoffoam(海綿式橡膠).Theycantakeinrunners’energywhentheirfeettouchthegroundandthenreturnpartoftheenergytotherunners,whichhelpsKipchogerunfaster.(除了他的天賦和努力，他的鞋子在他跑步時(shí)也很有幫助。這是一雙有特制海綿式橡膠的特殊的鞋子。當(dāng)跑步者的腳接觸地面時(shí)，它們可以吸收跑步者的能量，然后將一部分能量返還給跑步者，這有助于Kipchoge跑得更快。)”可知，作者在這一段講述了一種助理跑步的高科技的鞋子，因此推斷提到鞋子的目的是說(shuō)明“科技助力體育”。故選A。6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段首句“Kipchogehastalent.”、第四段首句“Still,Kipchogedidn’tstop.”和第五段首句“ThoughKipchogehaswonsomuch,hedidn’tstoprunning.(雖然基Kinpchoge贏得了這么多，但他并沒(méi)有停止跑步)”可知,Kipchoge是有天賦并勤奮的。故選D。7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Themarathonrunner,bornin1984inKenya,hassucceededinrunninga42-kilometermarathoninundertwohours,whichwasconsideredphysicallyimpossible.(這位1984年出生于肯尼亞的馬拉松運(yùn)動(dòng)員，在不到2小時(shí)的時(shí)間里成功跑完了42公里的馬拉松，這在體力上被認(rèn)為是不可能的。)”全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了長(zhǎng)跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員Kipchoze在馬拉松項(xiàng)目中，不斷突破自我，挑戰(zhàn)極限的故事。所以此文本和“運(yùn)動(dòng)”相關(guān)。故選A。CMostofustravelwithourparentsaschildrenandteenagers.Forsomeofus,duringthetravel,ourparentsareourinspiration.Thesetripsarenormallyfullofrentalcars,beaches,andhamburgers.MyfamilywouldgotoGalianoislandeverysummer,andwedidaweekinMexicoin1995,andthenwedidtwodifferenttripstoAnaheimtoexperiencethemagicofDisney,Universal,andKnott’sBerryFarm.Butallofthesearechildhoodexperiencesandmemories.Ididn’treallytrulytravelwithmyparentsuntilIwasanadultwhenIgotthechancetotravelwithmomanddad.IwasinNewZealandforastudyabroad,andinvitedmyparentstocomedownfora2-weekroadtriparoundtheNorthIslandandthen10daysinFiji.Whynot?Theysaid,asifthiswassomethingtheywereinvitedtodoeveryday.Ididn’treallyplananything,butmymomhaddonesomereadingandIknewsomehighlightsafterlivinginNewZealandfor5months.IhadbookedahotelfortheirfirstnightinAuckland.TheonlyotherpreparationIhaddonewastobookarentalcar.MyparentsimmediatelyreachedanagreementthatIshouldbethedriver,forthewholetwoweeks.Themainreasonforthis,understandably,wasthatneitherofthemhadeverbeeninacountrywhereyoudriveonthelefthandsideoftheroadandontherighthandsideofthecar.ThisledtomedrivingmyparentsaroundtheentireNorthIslandofNewZealandfor2weeks!Butstill,everybodyhadjobs.Dadhadthemaps,andmomhadtheguidebook,andIjusttookthemwheretheytoldmetogo.Sometimes,IwasaskedwhoIwastravelingwith.WhenIsaid“myparents”,theresponsewas,“Ohhh,olderpeople.”Actually,Ihavesometipsontravellingwithparentshappily.8.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“inspiration”inPara.1?A.Cooks. B.Guides. C.Drivers. D.Translators.9.WhydidtheparentsletthewriterdrivethecarinNewZealand?A.Theywerenotusedtothedrivingrules.B.Theywereafraidofthemountainroads.C.Theyweretoooldtodriveforalongtime.D.Theywerenotfamiliarwiththebrandofthecar.10.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.DriveontheWay. B.TravelwithParents.C.EnjoyNewZealand. D.RecalltheChildhood.11.Whatwillthewritersharenext?A.Theargumentwithparents. B.ThememoryinFijiasachild.C.Thesceneryduringtheroadtrip. D.Theadviceonoutingwithparents.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了曾經(jīng)年少由父母帶著出門(mén)旅游的我，長(zhǎng)大后，開(kāi)始帶父母出去旅游的故事?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段劃線詞inspiration的下文“Thesetripsarenormallyfullofrentalcars,beaches.andhamburgers.”可知，父母帶孩子出門(mén)旅行時(shí)，父母負(fù)責(zé)租車(chē)，選定游玩的沙灘和解決吃飯的問(wèn)題。由此可見(jiàn)，父母就是旅行的總指揮，是向?qū)?，B項(xiàng)意為“向?qū)А?，符合題意。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Themainreasonforthis,understandably,wasthatneitherofthemhadeverbeeninacountrywhereyoudriveonthelefthandsideoftheroadandontherighthandsideofthecar”（這一點(diǎn)的主要原因是，他們兩人都不習(xí)慣駕駛座位在汽車(chē)右側(cè)，并且汽車(chē)上路靠左行駛的交通規(guī)則，這一點(diǎn)是可以理解的）可知，父母二人都不習(xí)慣駕駛座位在汽車(chē)右側(cè)，并且汽車(chē)上路靠左行駛的交通規(guī)則。故選A。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，作者小時(shí)候跟著父母旅游，父母負(fù)責(zé)安排。長(zhǎng)大后，作者陪父母去新西蘭旅游，一路上訂賓館，當(dāng)司機(jī)，長(zhǎng)途開(kāi)車(chē)，雖累但是幸福。所以最佳題目應(yīng)緊扣“旅行”和“父母”兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞，B項(xiàng)意為“和父母旅行”，符合題意。選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Actually,Ihavesometipsontravellingwithparentshappily.”（事實(shí)上，我有一些和父母一起快樂(lè)旅行的小貼士。）可知，作者接下來(lái)，要和大家分享和父母快樂(lè)出游的建議。故選D。DScientistshavediscoveredthatchimps(黑猩猩)talktoeachotherbydrummingontreeswiththeirhandsandfeet.Itisawayofsendinglong-distancemessages.Eachmalechimphasitsownwayofdrumbeats,towhichtheyaddspokennoisestoshowwhoiswhereandwhattheyaredoing.Thechimpsonlyseemtousetheirownbeatswhentheyaretravelling.Itmayexplainwhychimpsdon’tsaygoodbyetoeachotherbecausetheycankeepintouchwitheachotherwhenthey’reaway.Webelievechimpslikecommunicatingwitheachotherverymuch.Sodothechimpsinthezoo.Theyarehappytocommunicatewithvisitorseveryday.However,duringthelockdown(封閉)time,thechimpsareupsetbecauseofnovisitorscoming.Anewstudyhasfoundthatsomechimpswerequieterandlazierthanusualduringthelockdownmonths.ThestudytookplaceinKnowsleySafariPark(野生動(dòng)物園)inEngland.Itcomparedthechimps’behaviorduringperiodsoflockdownin2020and2021—whenthezoowasclosedandtheywerenotbeingobservedbyhumans—withhowtheyactedafterzoovisitorsreturned.Whenthezoowasclosed,somechimpsspentmoretimealoneandmovedaboutless.Whenthesitesreopenedandvisitorsreturned,theyspentlesstimerestingandatemoreandexploredmore.InKnowsley,theywereeagertogetclosetovisitors’carsmoreoften.Theresearcherssaythattheycan’ttellforsurewhetherthelockdownwasgoodorbadforthechimpstheyhadstudied.Whenvisitorsreturned,chimpsspentlesstimealone,whichcouldbeseenaspositive.However,theirlessrestingcouldalsobeseenasnegative,becauseitcouldmeanthathumanvisitorsinterruptedtheirresttime,whichmayharmchimps’health.12.Whatisthepurposeofthechimps’wayofdrumbeats?A.Toplaymusic. B.Toscarevisitors.C.Toattractscientists. D.Tohavecommunication.13.Whateffectsdidthelockdownhaveonchimpsaccordingtothestudy?A.Thechimpsbecamelessactive. B.Thechimpsputonmoreweight.C.Thechimpsenjoyedtheirloneliness. D.Thechimpscommunicatedquiteoften.14.HowwerethechimpswhentheZoowasreopened?A.Lazy. B.Quiet. C.Excited. D.Lonely.15.Inwhichwaydidtheresearchersgetthestudyresult?A.Bylistingnumbers. B.Bycomparingfacts.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Byinterviewingvisitors.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了黑猩猩是熱愛(ài)交流的物種，但是科學(xué)家們通過(guò)研究KnowsleySafariPark的黑猩猩發(fā)現(xiàn)，封閉期間，動(dòng)物園沒(méi)有游客來(lái)訪，黑猩猩們變得內(nèi)向孤單，動(dòng)物園重新開(kāi)放后，游客的到來(lái)又干擾了黑猩猩們的休息。孰是孰非?【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Scientistshavediscoveredthatchimps(黑猩猩)talktoeachotherbydrummingontreeswiththeirhandsandfeet.Itisawayofsendinglong-distancemessages.”（科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)黑猩猩通過(guò)用手和腳在樹(shù)上敲鼓來(lái)互相交談。這是一種發(fā)送長(zhǎng)途信息的方式）可知，黑猩猩擊打樹(shù)干是為了遠(yuǎn)程傳遞信息，是為了交流，故選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Anewstudyhasfoundthatsomechimpswerequieterandlazierthanusualduringthelockdownmonths.”（一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在封鎖期間，一些黑猩猩比平時(shí)更安靜、更懶）和第四段“Whenthezoowasclosed,somechimpsspentmoretimealoneandmovedaboutless.”（當(dāng)動(dòng)物園關(guān)閉時(shí)，一些黑猩猩獨(dú)處的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)，活動(dòng)更少）可知，封閉期間，黑猩猩們獨(dú)處的時(shí)間多了，來(lái)回走動(dòng)少了，變得更安靜，更懶惰，即不活躍了。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Whenthesitesreopenedandvisitorsreturned.theyspentlesstimerestingandatemoreandexploredmore.InKnowsley,theywereeagertogetclosetovisitors’carsmoreoften.”（動(dòng)物園再次開(kāi)門(mén)時(shí)，游客的到來(lái)讓黑猩猩們睡得少了，但是吃得多了，更愛(ài)探索，也更愛(ài)靠近游客的汽車(chē)了）可知，動(dòng)物園重新開(kāi)放后黑猩猩們變得活躍、興奮起來(lái)。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ThestudytookplaceinKnowsleySafariPark(野生動(dòng)物園)inEngland.Itcomparedthechimps’behaviorduringperiodsoflockdownin2020and2021—whenthezoowasclosedandtheywerenotbeingobservedbyhumans—withhowtheyactedafterzoovisitorsreturned”（這項(xiàng)研究在英國(guó)的諾斯利野生動(dòng)物園進(jìn)行。該研究比較了黑猩猩在2020年和2021年禁閉期間(當(dāng)時(shí)動(dòng)物園關(guān)閉，沒(méi)有人觀察它們)的行為，以及游客回來(lái)后它們的行為）可知，研究人員對(duì)比了2020年封閉期間和2021年動(dòng)物園重新開(kāi)放后，黑猩猩行為的不同，并得出相應(yīng)結(jié)論。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Friendshipscanhaveamajoreffectonyourhealthandhappiness,butit’snotalwayseasytodeveloporkeepfriendships.Youshouldunderstandtheimportanceofsocialconnectioninyourlifeandwhatyoucandotodeveloplastingfriendships.Whataretheadvantagesoffriendships?Friendscanhelpyoucelebrategoodtimesandprovidesupportduringbadtimes.____16____Friendsgiveyouachancetoofferneededcompanionship(陪伴),too.Friendsincreaseyourhappinessandreduceyourstress.Friendsencourageyoutogothroughthehardtimesandimproveyourself-confidence.____17____Friendsplayanimportantroleinguidingyoutodevelopgoodhabitsandkeephealthy.Adultshaveariskofmanyhealthproblems,includingdepression(抑郁)andhighbloodpressure.Infact,studieshavefoundthatolderadultswhohavemeaningfulrelationshipsandsocialsupportsarelikelytolivelongerthantheirpeerswithfewerconnections.Whyisitsometimeshardtomakefriendsorkeepfriendships?Manyadultsfindithardtodevelopnewfriendshipsorkeepupexistingfriendships.Friendshipsmaytakeabackseattoothermoreimportantones,suchasworkingorcaringforchildrenoragingparents.____18____Ormaybeyou’vemovedtoanewcommunityandhaven’tyetfoundawaytomeetpeople.Developingandkeepinggoodfriendshipstakeefforts.____19____Tomeetnewpeoplewhomightbecomeyourfriends,youhavetogotoplaceswhereothersaregathered.Don’tlimityourselftoonestrategyformeetingpeople.____20____A.Nevergivingupalsomatters.B.Goodfriendsaregoodforyourhealth.C.Friendspreventyoufromsadnessaswellasloneliness.D.Thebroaderyourefforts,thegreateryourpossibilitiesofsuccess.E.Youandyourfriendsmayhavegrownapartduetochangesinyourlivesorinterests.F.Webenefitfromourfriendsbecausewegettochoosetheoneswhomakeusfeelhappiest.G.However,friendshipcanprovideenjoymentandcomfortwhichmakestheeffortworthwhile.【答案】16.C17.B18.E19.G20.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了友誼的好處以及如何克服困難來(lái)保持友誼長(zhǎng)存。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whataretheadvantagesoffriendships?”(友誼的好處是什么？)可知，這一段是對(duì)友誼的好處做出的回答。C選項(xiàng)“朋友可以幫你遠(yuǎn)離悲傷和孤獨(dú)”和上文意思一致，都是回答友誼的好處。故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Friendsplayanimportantroleinguidingyoutodevelopgoodhabitsandkeephealthy.Adultshaveariskofmanyhealthproblems,includingdepression(抑郁)andhighbloodpressure.Infact,studieshavefoundthatolderadultswhohavemeaningfulrelationshipsandsocialsupportsarelikelytolivelongerthantheirpeerswithfewerconnections.”(朋友在引導(dǎo)你養(yǎng)成良好習(xí)慣和保持健康方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。成年人有許多健康問(wèn)題的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，包括抑郁癥和高血壓。事實(shí)上，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，擁有有意義的關(guān)系和社會(huì)支持的老年人可能比關(guān)系較少的同齡人壽命更長(zhǎng)。)可知，這一段講的是友誼和健康的關(guān)系。B選項(xiàng)“好的友誼有助于身體健康。”符合題意。故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whyisitsometimeshardtomakefriendsorkeepfriendships?”(為什么有時(shí)候交朋友或者保持一份友誼很難？)可知，這一段是對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題做出的回答。E選項(xiàng)“你和你的朋友們因?yàn)槿松团d趣的變化導(dǎo)致和朋友漸行漸遠(yuǎn)?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢拢@也是保持一份友誼很難的原因。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Developingandkeepinggoodfriendshipstakeefforts.”(發(fā)展和保持良好的友誼需要付出努力。)可知，這里講述的是發(fā)展友誼和維持友誼都需要付出努力。G選項(xiàng)“付出努力是值得的?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢隆９蔬xG。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Tomeetnewpeoplewhomightbecomeyourfriends,youhavetogotoplaceswhereothersaregathered.Don’tlimityourselftoonestrategyformeetingpeople.”(要認(rèn)識(shí)可能成為你朋友的新朋友，你必須去其他人聚集的地方。不要將自己局限于一種與人見(jiàn)面的策略。)可知，文章最后一段講述發(fā)展友誼和維持友誼都需要付出努力。而且這份努力是值得付出的。D選項(xiàng)“越努力，越能收獲友誼。”和上文意思一致，并且作為段尾句，有總結(jié)和升華的作用。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inmyninth-gradeWorldHistoryclass,Mrs.Bartlettannouncedanewproject.Ingroups,weweretocreateanewspaperaroundculture.Onapieceofpaper,wewrotethenamesofthree____21____wewantedinourgroup.After____22____alltherequests,Mrs.Bartletttoldusthatshewouldconsiderthenameswechose.Ihadno____23____thatIwouldgetthegroupofmychoice.Thenextday,afterthebellrang,Mrs.Bartlettcalledforourattentionandstartedto____24____names.Whenshe____25____GroupThree,Missy,mybestfriend’sname,wascalled.Theothermembersofthegroupwerecalled.Mynamewasnot____26____.ThenIheardit.“Thelastgroup:Mauro,Juliette,Rachel,Karina.”HowcouldIfacebeinginthatgroup—theboywhoseldomspokeEnglish,thegirlwhowascoveredbylongskirts,andtheothergirlwhowore____27____clothes.Idecidedto____28____Mrs.BartlettIshouldbeinthe“good”group.“Why…?”Istarted.She____29____placedahandonmyshoulder.“Iknowwhatyouwant,Karina,”shesaid,_____30_____yourgroupneedsyou.Onlyyoucanhelpthemgetapassinggradeonthistask.Iwas_____31_____.ShehadseensomethinginmethatIhadn’tseen.“Willyouhelpthem?”sheasked.“Yes,”Ireplied.Icouldn’tbelieveitcameoutofmymouth.Halfwaythroughtheweek,Ifeltmyselfenjoyingthe_____32_____ofthesethreemisfits(與別人合不來(lái)的人).Theyweren’tmisfits,justpeoplewhomnobodycaredtounderstand_____33_____Mrs.Bartlett.Ididlearnsomethingthatweek.Iwasgivenachancetoseeotherpeopleinanew_____34_____Mrs.BartlettgaveusanAonthattask.Weshouldhave_____35_____itrightback,forshewastheonewhotrulydeserved(值得)it.21.A.volunteers B.friends C.leaders D.teachers22.A.collecting B.answering C.meeting D.making23.A.idea B.reply C.plan D.doubt24.A.callat B.callup C.callout D.callin25.A.met B.found C.reached D.got26.A.controlled B.prepared C.collected D.included27.A.beautiful B.important C.ordinary D.strange28.A.remind B.inform C.ask D.order29.A.gently B.only C.hardly D.politely30.A.and B.but C.so D.though31.A.angry B.nervous C.worried D.shocked32.A.honesty B.company C.difference D.challenge33.A.besides B.through C.except D.until34.A.light B.point C.record D.class35.A.kept B.pushed C.held D.handed【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.C26.D27.D28.C29.A30.B31.D32.B33.C34.A35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了在作者九年級(jí)的時(shí)候，世界歷史老師布置了一項(xiàng)作業(yè)，并分了小組。作者本來(lái)以為會(huì)分到好朋友那組，結(jié)果事與愿違，分到了不想去的那組。后來(lái)老師鼓勵(lì)說(shuō)這個(gè)小組需要作者的幫助，最后作者出色地完成了作業(yè)，同時(shí)以全新的角度認(rèn)識(shí)了原來(lái)不喜歡的那幾個(gè)同學(xué)，這一切都?xì)w功于老師，她的耐心細(xì)致和愛(ài)心感動(dòng)了作者。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在一張紙上，我們寫(xiě)下了我們想要的三個(gè)朋友的名字。A.volunteers志愿者；B.friends朋友；C.leaders領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；D.teachers教師，根據(jù)第二段的“Missy,mybestfriend’sname,wascalled.”可知，我們?cè)诩埳蠈?xiě)下三個(gè)好朋友的名字。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在收集了所有的請(qǐng)求后，Bartlett太太告訴我們，她會(huì)考慮我們選擇的名字。A.collecting收集；B.answering回答；C.meeting遇見(jiàn)；D.making使得。根據(jù)下文“Mrs.Bartletttoldusthatshewouldconsiderthenameswechose.”可知，Bartlett太太收集了我們的請(qǐng)求，并說(shuō)會(huì)考慮我們的選擇。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我毫不懷疑我會(huì)得到我所選擇的群體。A.idea想法；B.reply回復(fù)；C.plan計(jì)劃；D.doubt懷疑。根據(jù)下文“Missy,mybestfriend’sname,wascalled.Theothermembersofthegroupwerecalled.”以及下文“Idecidedto________Mrs.BartlettIshouldbeinthe“good”group.”可推斷，作者毫不懷疑的是會(huì)被分到想去的小組，結(jié)果卻不是。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：第二天，鐘鈴響后，Bartlett太太請(qǐng)我們注意，開(kāi)始喊出一些名字。A.callat拜訪某地；B.callup打電話；C.callout…大聲叫出；D.callin召集。根據(jù)下文“Missy,mybestfriend’sname,wascalled.Theothermembersofthegroupwerecalled.”可知，Bartlett太太大聲叫出名字。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她到達(dá)第三組時(shí)，我最好的朋友的名字被叫到。A.met遇見(jiàn)；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.reached到達(dá)；D.got得到。根據(jù)下文“Missy,mybestfriend’sname,wascalled.”可知，Bartlett太太念到第三組。reach，表示達(dá)到某一階段。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的名字沒(méi)有包括在內(nèi)。A.controlled控制；B.prepared準(zhǔn)備；C.collected收集；D.included包括。根據(jù)下文“Thelastgroup:Mauro,Juliette,Rachel,Karina.”可知，作者在最后一組，不在第三組，也就是名字沒(méi)有包括在第三組之內(nèi)。故選D。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我怎么面對(duì)那群人呢——一個(gè)幾乎不會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的男孩，一個(gè)總是穿著長(zhǎng)裙的女孩，還有另一個(gè)穿著奇怪衣服的女孩。A.beautiful美麗的；B.important重要的；C.ordinary普通的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)下文“thesethreemisfits”可知，這是一個(gè)穿著奇怪衣服的女孩。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我決心請(qǐng)她讓我在“好”組里。A.remind提醒；B.inform告知；C.ask詢問(wèn)；請(qǐng)求；D.order命令。根據(jù)下文“Mrs.BartlettIshouldbeinthe‘good’group.‘Why…?’”可知，作者請(qǐng)求Mrs.Bartlett讓自己分到“好”的那組。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她輕輕地把手放在我的肩膀上。A.gently輕輕地；溫柔地；B.only僅僅；C.hardly幾乎不；D.politely有禮貌地。根據(jù)下文“Onlyyoucanhelpthemgetapassinggradeonthistask.”可知，Bartlett太太想要鼓勵(lì)作者，因此推斷她輕輕地把手放在作者的肩上。故選A。【30題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：“我知道你想要什么，卡琳娜。”她說(shuō)，“但你的團(tuán)隊(duì)需要你?！盇.and和；B.but但是；C.so因此；D.though然而。根據(jù)下文“Onlyyoucanhelpthemgetapassinggradeonthistask.”可知，Bartlett太太說(shuō)只有作者才能幫助團(tuán)隊(duì)里的人，因此推斷上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我震驚了，她看到了我都沒(méi)有看到的品質(zhì)。A.angry生氣的；B.nervous緊張的；C.worried擔(dān)心的；D.shocked震驚的。根據(jù)下文“ShehadseensomethinginmethatIhadn’tseen.”可知，Bartlett太太看到了作者看不到的品質(zhì)，讓作者感到震驚。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺(jué)得很享受這幾個(gè)人的陪伴。A.honesty誠(chéng)實(shí)；B.company陪伴；C.difference不同之處；D.challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)上文“HowcouldIfacebeinginthatgroup—theboywhoseldomspokeEnglish,thegirlwhowascoveredbylongskirts,andtheothergirl”可知，他們?cè)谝粋€(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)里，因此推斷此處說(shuō)的是作者喜歡這幾個(gè)人的陪伴。故選B。【33題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：他們不是不合群，只是除了Mrs.Bartlett，沒(méi)有人在乎他們，理解他們。A.besides除了……之外（還有）；B.through通過(guò)；C.except除了；D.until直到。根據(jù)上文“Willyouhelpthem?”可知，Bartlett太太理解這幾個(gè)人，除了她沒(méi)有人理解和關(guān)心他們，讓他們成為了不合群的人。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我有機(jī)會(huì)以一個(gè)新的角度審視其他人。A.light眼光；角度；B.point點(diǎn)；觀點(diǎn)；C.record記錄；D.class班級(jí)。根據(jù)上文“Theyweren’tmisfits,justpeoplewhomnobodycaredtounderstand________Mrs.Bartlett.”可知，作者在這個(gè)組里學(xué)會(huì)了從一個(gè)新的角度審視他人。inanewlight意為“以全新的角度”。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我們應(yīng)該馬上把它還給她，因?yàn)樗攀钦嬲档脫碛兴娜?。A.kept保持；B.pushed推；C.held握??；D.handed傳遞。選項(xiàng)與back組成短語(yǔ)，keepback隱瞞；pushback使撤退；holdback阻礙；handback交還。根據(jù)下文“forshewastheonewhotrulydeserved(值得)it”可知，作者認(rèn)為Bartlett太太才是應(yīng)該值得這個(gè)優(yōu)秀的成績(jī)的人，因此應(yīng)該還給她，此處是作者對(duì)老師的贊揚(yáng)。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Schoollifeisaveryimportantpartofone’slife.Itprovidesopportunityforstudyanddiscipline(自律).Itisalso____36____preparatoryperiodforenteringpubliclife.Good____37____(quality)suchashonestyanddiscipline____38____(develop)inpupils.Theyshowgoodbehaviorintheclassroom,playground,libraryandotherplaces.Schoolisameetingplaceforstudentsandteachers.Schoollifeis____39____(general)aperiodofyouth.Inschool,allthestudentsstudytogether,readtogether,playtogetherandsittogether.Atthistime,theyhaveearlydreamswhichwillcometrueastheygrow____40____(old).Studentstakepartingamesandcompetitions.Schoolalsogivesopportunityforthebudding(嶄露頭角的)poets,scientists,writers,doctorsandpainters.Itisinschoolthatthestudentsenjoythepleasureof____41____(reach)theirgoals.Teacher