旋耕滅茬組合機(jī)中英文翻譯、外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯、外文翻譯

XXXXX設(shè)計(jì)（XX）外文翻譯學(xué)生姓名班級學(xué)院名稱專業(yè)名稱指導(dǎo)教師20XX年5月30日Combinedrototilling-stubble-breaking-plantingmachineAbstractThecombinedrototilling-stubble-breaking-plantingmachinesuitableforuseinthedryfarmingareainnorthernChinawasdevelopedaccordingtothefarmingmodeofwaterstorageandsoilmoistureconservationandtheperformancetestandproductionexaminationwereconducted.Themachineusesseparatedstructuraldesign,whichcanconductcombinedrototilling-stubble-breaking-plantingoperations,andcanalsobedismantledeasilyintoanindependentrototilling-stubble-breakingmachineandaplantertoconducttherotilling-stubble-breakingoperationorplantingoperation,oronemachineforthreepurposes.Thecombinedrototilling-stubble-breakingmachineisconnectedwiththeplanterviaacompensation-typethree-pointhitchlinkage,ensuringgoodfollowingperformanceoftheplanterandhighstabilityofthecombinedmachine.Therototillingandstubble-breakingperformances,theseedingstability,uniformityandevennessbetweenrowsoftheplanterandtheperformanceofthefertilizingunitofthemachineweremeasured.Testsshowedthatthebrokenstubbleratewas92%;qualifiedseedspacingrate:maize85.80%,soybean86.50%;multiplesrate:maize7.60%,soybean7.85%;missrate:maize6.60%,soybean5.63%;thecoefficientofvariationofthespraycapacityofthespraynozzleswas5.94%andthecoefficientofvariationofthetotalspraycapacity6.00%.Allindexesofthemachinereachedtherequirementsstipulatedintherelatednationalstandards.1.IntroductionChinaisoneofthemainaridcountriesintheworld.Thearid,semi-aridandsemi-humiddrought-proneareaaccountsfor52.5%ofthetotalareaofthecountry.Thereareabout33millionhectaresofcultivatedareainthedryfarmingmode,distributedin16provinces,citiesandautonomousregionsofthecountry(Gao,2000).Theconventionalmechanizedfarmingsystemwiththemoldboardplowasthemaininwhichfrequentplowingisneededeasilyleadstobarefieldsurface,degradedfarmland,worsenedecologicalenvironment,serioussoilmoistureloss,intensewindandwatererosion.InShanxiProvince,forexample,thesoilerosionareaaccountsfor70%ofthetotalareaoftheprovince,thesoilerosionthicknessis0.1–1.07cmperyear,andtheareawiththesoilerosionthicknessover0.5cmaccountsfor80%ofthetotalareaintheprovince(Zhai,2000).IntheridgedcultivationareaofnortheasternChina,theconventionalMechanizedfarmingsystemhasresultedinadecreaseinthesoilorganicmatteryearbyyear(anannualaveragedecreaseby0.01–0.02%)(JilinProvinceAgriculturalScientificAcademy,2003).Theconventionalmechan-izedfarmingsystemrequiresmorefrequentmechanizedtillage,whichleadstoserioussoilcompactionanddestructionofsoilstructure.Thenaturalrainfallutilizationrateofthefarmlandinthecountryisonly56%,inwhich26%ofthewaterisconsumedinineffectiveevaporationinthefield.Thewaterproductivityofthefarmlandinthearidregionis0.60–0.75kg/m3,0.80kg/m3ontheaverageinChina,while2.32kg/m3inIsrael,nearlythreetimesthatinourcountry(Eetal.,2005).Inordertoseeksustainableagriculturaldevelopment,peoplehavegraduallyrealizedtheimportanceofconservationtillage.MuchresearchworkhasbeendoneinthefieldbothinChinaandothercountriesandrichresultshavebeenobtained.Inthe1930s,thetechnologyofstubblemulchtillagewasdevelopedintheUnitedStatesandridge-tillageintroducedin1951asaprovenmethodtosavesoilfromerosion,improvesurfacedrainage,provideaerationonsoilandreducesoilandwaterloss(Morrison,2000).Reduced-tillage,no-till,strip-tillageandmulch-tillageandotherconservationtillagetechnologieshavebeenwidelyused(MorrisonandSanabria,2002).Throughyearsofefforts,sometechnologicalachievementshavebeenmadeinmechan-izeddryfarminginthecountry.Inrecentyears,conservationtillagetechnologieshavebeendevelopedinChina,includingthemechanizedfieldwater-storagetechnology,whosecoreistoreplacemoldboardplowingwithsubsoiling,replaceplowingonceayearwithplowingeveryafewyears,replacedeeplayertillagewithsurfacetillage,withpartofstalksandstubblesleftinthefield;andthemechanizedsoilmoistureconservationtechnology,whichinvolvesmechanizedmulchplanting,mechanizedstalkmulchandconservationtillage(Huang,2000).InnortheasternChina,itisoftendroughtwithstrongwindinspring,sotheconventionaltillagemethodwillcauseseriouslossofsoilmoisturebecauseoffrequentsoildisturbance,leadingtodifficultseedgerminationandemergenceofseedlings.Inspringsowing,thesoilmoistureisessentialandforemost.Itisnecessarytosowseedwhenthesoilmoistureisgood,whichrequiresminimizingsoildisturbancetoretainthesoilmoistureforsowing.Inordertokeepthevegetationofthefieldsurface,whichcanhelppreventthefarmlandfromwinderosionandabsorbandstoremorerainandsnow,nowmechanizedplowinghasbeengraduallydecreasedyearbyyearandstubblebreakinghastakenitsplaceinthisregion.Itinvolvesusingthestubble-breakingmachinetobreakstubblesafterautumnharvestandthenridgingformechanizedsowinginthenextspring.Andthetillagemethodinwhichthestubbleisleftinthefieldafterautumnharvesthasalsobeenadopted.The‘‘3–3rotationtillagemethod’’whichinvolvesdeeptillage,sowingontheoriginalridgeandsurfacetillagehasbeenimplementedinHeilongjiangprovince(Heetal.,2000).Weputforwardthethree-yearmechanizedrotationtillagemethod.Bothtillagemethodsinvolvekeepingthestubblesintheridgeaftercropsareharvestedeverythreeyearsandseedingintheoriginalridgeinthenextspring.Howtosowseedsintheoriginalridgewithstubblesisarecentresearchsubject.Ifstubblebreaking,sowingandrollingoperationsarenotsimultaneouslycompleted,itmightnotensureemergenceofwholeseedlings.Thecombinedrototilling-stubble-breaking-plantingmachinewasdevelopedtosolvethisproblem.Itcansimulta-neouslycompletestubblebreaking(orrototilling),sowing,fertilizing,rollingandchemicalsprayingoperations,reducingsoilmoistureloss,increasingtheutilizationrateofrainfall,improvingsoilfertility,decreasingproductioncostsandimprovingworkingefficiency.Designofthecombinedrototilling-stubble-breaking-plantingmachineThecombinedrototilling-stubble-breaking-plantingmachine(Fig.1)consistsofrototilling-stubble-break-ingmachine(1)andtheprecisionplanter(6),connectedthroughacompensation-typethreepointhitchlinkageconsistingoftheadjustabledrawbar(3)andhingeplate(5).Therearetwotypesofthemachine,ortwo-rowandfour-rowtypes,usedwith44.1and88.2kWtractors,respectively.Themachinecancompletemaizestubblebreaking,fertilizing,sowing(maizeorsoybean),rollingandagriculturalchemicalsprayingoperationsinthestubblefieldatatime,minimizingsoilmoistureloss.Instubblebreaking,themachineonlydisturbsthesoilintheridgewithmaizeorsorghumstubbleswithoutaffectinganyothersoil,minimizingsoilerosionandbenefitingwaterstorageandsoilmoistureconservation.Thecombinedrototilling-stubble-breaking-plantingmachineadoptsseparatedstructuredesign,whicheithercanconductrototilling-stubble-breaking-plantingoperationorbedividedintoanindependentrototilling-stubble-breakingmachineandaplantertoconductcombinedrototilling-stubble-breakingoperationorplantingoperation,oronemachineforthreepurposes.Thecompensation-typethreepointhitchlinkageensurescontourfollowingoftheplanter,keepingthelandwheeloftheplanteralwaysincontactwiththesurfacetoensurethestableandreliabletransmissionduringoperationandtherigidityandlongitudinalstabilityofthemachinesetintransportation.2.1.Rototilling-stubble-breakingmachineTherototilling-stubble-breakingmachine(Fig.2)comprisestheuniversaljoint(1),headstock(2),fertilizerhoe(3),fertilizingtransmission(4),ridger(7),pressroller(8),universalbladerotor(10),universalblade(11),transmissioncase(13),landwheel(15),subsoiler(16)andotherparts.Themachineischaracterizedbythedesignofauniversalrotor,universalbladediscanduniversalblade,whichcanperformthefull-widthrototillingoperationinthepaddy,wheatandvegetablefields,andbreakstubblesofridgedmaize,sorghumandothercrops.Anditcanalsobeequippedwiththefertilizing,ridging,rolling,subsoilingandotherworkingpartstocompletestubblebreakingintheridge(orfull-widthrototilling),fertilizing,ridging,rollingandsubsoilingoperationsatatime.Itcancomplete20combinedoperationsinnearly40differentcombinations,whichcanbeusedwithalltypesoftractorsfrom14.7to88.2kW.Themachineusesabionicresistance-reducingsubsoilershank(Tongetal.,2004),basedonbionicprinciples,withthecurveoftheworkingsectionoftheshankthatsimulatesthestructuralformofthediggingfeetofcaveanimals,reducingthetillageresistanceby3–8%comparedtotheconventionalshank,andabionicflexiblepressroller(Renetal.,2003),whichwasdesignedbysimulatingthestrongabilityofsomeanimalsthatcrawlinthesoiloronthegroundtoremovemattersadheringtotheirbodysurface,significantlyreducingadhesionofsoiltothepressroller.Therototilling-stubble-breakingmachineusestheframe-beamstructureandintermediatetransmission.Thespeedchangemechanismwasintegratedwiththetransmissioncase.OperatingthedeclutchshiftshaftcanmakeduplicategearsZ1–Z2engagewithgearZ3(forstubble-breaking)andgearZ4(forrototilling),orputitintheneutralpositiontomeettherequirementofstubble-breakingandrototillingoperationsfordifferentrotatingspeeds.Thepowerofthefertilizingdeviceisobtainedfromthetransmissioncasethroughthechainsprocketwheelfordoublereductiontothefertilizerfeedshaft.ThetransmissionsystemisshowninFig.3.2.2.PrecisionplanterTherearetwotypesofprecisionplanters,orthetwo-rowandfour-rowtype.Theprecisionplanter(Fig.4)mainlyconsistsofthefertilizerfeed(3),parallelogramlinkage(5),fertilizerhoe(7),colter(9),seedmeter(10),pressroller(12)andotherparts.Theimprovedcell-wheeltypeseedmeterisused,whichcanensurethateachcellisfedwithonemaizeseedandotherseedsarescrapedoffwiththecut-offtongue.Theseedineachcellisfedtotheseedtubethroughwhichitdropsintotheseedfurrow,realizingsinglemaizeseedprecisionspotseeding.Theimproveddesignofthecellwheelisanadditionofatwo-rowsoybean-seedingunitorsoybeanseedmeteronbothsides,whichcansowtwo-rowsoybeanseedsinaseedfurrowwhileensuringtheperformanceoftheoriginalseedmeter.Itusesthedoublesharecolter,zeropressurerubberpressrollerorbionicflexiblepressroller.Whentheplanteroperates,thetwolandwheelsdrivetwoseedmetersandtwofertilizerfeeds,respectively,throughthechain.Theparallelogramlinkagecanmakeeachplantingunitindependentlyfollowthesurface,ensuringtheevennessofplantingdepth.2.3.Compensation-typethreepointhitchlinkageThecompensation-typethreepointhitchlinkage(Fig.5)mainlyconsistsofthefronthingedplate(5),rearhingedplate(7)symmetricallymountedandadjustabledrawbar(2)withaslot-openingintherearend.Oneendofthefronthingedplate(5)isconnectedwiththerearbeam(4)oftherototilling-stubble-breakingmachineandoneendoftherearhingedplate(7)isconnectedwiththefrontbeam(10)ofthemachine.Oneendofthedrawbar(2)ishingedtotheupperheadstock(1)ofthemachineandthepinspindle(11)oftheheadstock(8)canslidealongtheslot-openingintheotherendofthedrawbar.Whenthepinspindleslidesalongtheslot-opening,theplanterwillrotatearoundthepinspindleofthehingedplaterelativelytotherototilling-stubble-breakingmachinetofollowthesurface;whenthepinspindleisstillineitherendoftheslot-opening,therelativepositionbetweentherototilling-stubble-breakingmachineandtheplanterisfixedandtheactingforceofthedrawbaronthepinspindlecompensatesforsomeforcechangesinthebalanceforcesystem,ensuringthedepthstabilityofthefertilizerhoe.Duringtransportation,themiddlelinkmechanismofthedrawbarisscrewedtightly,formingarigidspatialtriangularpyramidbetweentherototilling-stubble-breakingmachineandtheplanter,ensuringtherigidityandstabilityoftheentiremachineduringtransportation.Theamountoflandsurfacefollowingisdeterminedbythelengthoftheslot-openingofthedrawbar.Adjustingthelengthofthedrawbarcancontrolthelimitingpositionofthefollowingdevicetomakethemachineadaptabletooperationsindifferentfields.2.4.PestcontrolassemblyThepestcontrolassemblyisusedforsprayingherbicideandpesticide.Itconsistsofthemainchemicalbox,filteroftheauxiliaryagrochemicalsbox,pipefitting,liquidpump,flexiblepipe,sprayheadandothers.Fig.6showsitsconfigurationandworkingprinciple.Thechemicalboxismadeofpolyethyleneusingtheone-shotmouldingtechnique,withexcellentacid,alkali,corrosionandagingresistantproperties.Thesuitableliquidpump,chemicalbox,sprayheadandotherpartswereselectedbasedondesigncalculation.Theagitatingdeviceforbackwaterwasdesignedtoincreasethesprayinguniformityofagrochemicalsolution.Adiaphragmpump(MB40/2.5pistontype)wasselected,withbiggerflowcapacity(about40L/min)andhigherpressure(1.5–2.5MPa),whichcanoperatewithoutwaterforashorttime.Thepumpnotonlycanensureenoughworkingpressureofeachspraynozzle,butalsocanprovide20lofreturnflowperminute.Theanti-driftsectorspraynozzlethatusesthediaphragmantidripvalve(LECHLERCompanyinGermany)wasselected,withtheopeningpressureof0.07MPa,closingpressureof0.05MPa,closingtimeof1–2s,driprateof0,characterizedbywideradaptabilitytoweatherconditionsandstablespraying.Thebuilt-indiaphragmantidripvalveinthespraynozzlecaneffectivelypreventleakageofthechemicalsolution.Theagitatingdeviceisusedtoagitatethechemicalsolutioninthebox,preventingprecipitationoflesssolubleorcompletelyinsolublechemicalandmakingemulsionnotsuspendontotheliquidsurfacetoensurethesameconcentrationofthechemicalsolutionthatentersthesprayingsystem.Itusesahydraulicagitationsysteminwhichpartoftheflowbacktothechemicalboxfromthespraypumpisusedtoproduceliquiddisturbancethroughtheagitatorinstalledatthebottomofthebox,agitatingthesolutiontouniformity.Theflowforagitationisincreasedinthemachinetoimprovetheagitatinguniformity.Thetractordrivercaneasilyoperatethemachineandfreelyclosethespraynozzlesaccordingtospecificoperatingconditions,withoutdripping,sotheworkingconditionofthedriverissignificantlyimproved.TestmethodTheperformancetestsofthecombinedrototilling-stubble-breaking-plantingmachinewereconductedaccordingtoRotaryTiller—testingmethod(NationalStandardsofPRChina,GB/T5668.3,1995)andSingleSeed(Precision)Planter—testmethod(NationalStan-dardsofPRChina,GB6973-86),CombinedImplementforSubsoilingandCultivating(StandardsofMinistryofMachineBuildingIndustryofPRChinaJB/T10295-2001,2001),SmashedStrawMachine(StandardsofMinistryofMachineBuildingIndustryofPRChinaJB/T6678-2001,2001)SmashedRoot-StubbleMachine(StandardsofMinistryofMachineBuildingIndustryofPRChinaJB/T8401.3-2001,2001)andSprayNozzle—testmethod(StandardsofMinistryofMachineBuildingIndustryofPRChinaJB5116-91,1991).Theperfor-mancetestsinvolvedthedegreeofvariationoffertilizingstability,evennessoffertilizingratebetweenrows,seedingperformance,evennessoffurrowingdepthbetweenseedandfertilizercolters,performanceofspraynozzlesandcomparisonoflabourcostandfuelconsumptionperhabetweensingle-purposemachineandcombinedmachine.Performancetestsandlarge-areaproductionverifi-cationtestsofthecombinedmachinewereconductedfrom2002tospringof2004atXinlichengTownandXinglongshanTown,ChangchunCityandonthefarmofJilinAgriculturalUniversity,withthetestareaofmorethan240ha.旋耕滅茬組合機(jī)摘要由于蓄水和土壤保墑的耕作方式，適合在中國北方干燥的耕地使用的旋耕滅茬組合機(jī)已經(jīng)發(fā)展起來，而且性能測試和生產(chǎn)檢查已經(jīng)進(jìn)行。這種機(jī)器采用可進(jìn)行組合旋耕和滅茬種植操作，也可很容易地被拆成一個(gè)獨(dú)立的旋耕、滅茬機(jī)器并且可進(jìn)行了旋耕滅茬操作或種植操作，或一臺(tái)有三個(gè)目的的機(jī)器的可分離結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。這種旋耕滅茬的組合機(jī)與補(bǔ)償型三點(diǎn)懸掛裝置聯(lián)動(dòng)的播種機(jī)連接，保證了播種機(jī)的后續(xù)良好性能和組合機(jī)器的高穩(wěn)定性。旋耕滅茬操作、播種穩(wěn)定性、播種機(jī)的行播種和施肥之間的均勻性機(jī)器的這些裝置已經(jīng)測量。試驗(yàn)表明，破茬率為92％；種子合格率間距：玉米85.80％，大豆86.50％；倍數(shù)率：玉米7.60％，大豆7.85％；錯(cuò)過率：玉米6.60％，大豆5.63％；噴霧噴嘴的噴霧容量的變異系數(shù)為5.94％，并且機(jī)器的總噴霧容量為6.00％。機(jī)器的所有指標(biāo)達(dá)到了國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相關(guān)規(guī)定的的要求。1介紹中國是主要干旱國家之一。在干旱，半干旱和半濕潤易干旱的面積占全國總面積的52.5％。大約33000000公頃種植面積為旱作農(nóng)業(yè)模式，分布在全國16個(gè)省，市，自治區(qū)。傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)械化耕作系統(tǒng)與犁耕作為主要的方式，其中，頻繁的春耕需要很容易造成田地的裸露，耕地退化，生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化，嚴(yán)重的水土流失，強(qiáng)烈的風(fēng)和水的侵蝕。山西省為例，水土流失面積占全省總面積的70％，每年土壤侵蝕厚度為0.1-1.07厘米，并且土壤侵蝕厚度超過0.5厘米占全省總面積的80％。在中國東北部脊?fàn)畹姆N植面積，常規(guī)機(jī)械化耕作體系導(dǎo)致了土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)逐年減少（平均每年下降0.01-0.02％）（吉林省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院科研，2003年）。傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)械化耕作系統(tǒng)需要更頻繁的機(jī)械化耕作，從而導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的土壤板結(jié)，土壤結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞。在我國的農(nóng)田的天然降水利用率僅為56％，其中的水的26％被消耗在無效蒸發(fā)在田地里。在我國的干旱地區(qū)農(nóng)田水分的平均生產(chǎn)率是0.60-0.75千克/立方米，0.80千克/立方米，而在以色列為2.32千克/立方米，是我過得近3倍。為了尋求可持續(xù)的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展，人們逐漸認(rèn)識(shí)到保護(hù)耕地的重要性。在該領(lǐng)域的大量研究工作，已在中國和其他國家開展并獲得了豐富的研究成果。在20世紀(jì)30年代，殘茬覆蓋免耕技術(shù)在美國得到發(fā)展，而且在1951年，壟耕被引進(jìn)作為一種驗(yàn)證過的方法來保存土壤不受侵蝕，改善地表排水，通氣提供了土壤，減少水土流失。減少耕作，免耕，帶狀覆蓋耕作和其他保護(hù)耕作的技術(shù)已被廣泛應(yīng)用。通過幾年的努力，一些技術(shù)成果已在全國的機(jī)械化旱作農(nóng)業(yè)方面應(yīng)用。近年來，保護(hù)耕地技術(shù)已經(jīng)在中國開發(fā)，包括機(jī)械化田間蓄水技術(shù)，其核心是更換鏟刀與深松耕，用幾年一次春耕取代一年一次春耕，用部分田里的秸稈和根茬以表土耕作取代深層耕作；機(jī)械化土壤保墑技術(shù)，其中涉及機(jī)械化地膜種植，機(jī)械化秸稈覆蓋和保護(hù)耕地。在中國東北，春天往往是干旱與強(qiáng)風(fēng)，所以傳統(tǒng)的耕作方法會(huì)因?yàn)轭l繁擾動(dòng)土壤導(dǎo)致水土的嚴(yán)重流失，導(dǎo)致難以種子萌發(fā)和出苗。在春天播種，土壤水分是必要的，也是最重要。土壤墑情好時(shí)對種子播種是必要的，為了播種就需要盡量減少土壤擾動(dòng)保持土壤水分。為了保持田面的植被，它可以幫助耕地防止風(fēng)蝕，吸收和儲(chǔ)存更多的雨雪，現(xiàn)在機(jī)械化深耕已逐年逐漸地下降而且這個(gè)區(qū)域破茬已經(jīng)取代了它的位置。它包括使用茬破機(jī)破碎秋收后的茬，然后為了明年春天機(jī)械化播種起壟。而這種把秋收后的殘茬留在田地里的方法也是被采取的。這種包括深耕，播種在原壟和表土耕作的“3-3輪換耕作方法”已在黑龍江省實(shí)施。我們提出了三年機(jī)械化耕作輪換的方法，這兩種耕作方式包括在作物收獲后，保持茬口在山脊上三年，明年春天在原壟上播種。如何在茬口原壟播種是最近的研究課題，如果破茬，播種和滾動(dòng)操作不能同時(shí)完成，它可能無法確保全苗的出現(xiàn)。旋耕滅茬播種機(jī)的開發(fā)是為了解決這個(gè)問題。它可以同時(shí)完成茬斷裂（或旋耕），播種，施肥，軋制和化學(xué)噴灑作業(yè)，減少土壤水分損失，增加降水的利用率，提高土壤肥力，降低生產(chǎn)成本，并提高工作效率。2旋耕滅茬播種機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)這種旋耕滅茬播種機(jī)由旋耕滅茬機(jī)和通過由可調(diào)的組成牽引桿（3）和鉸鏈板（5）組成的補(bǔ)償型3點(diǎn)聯(lián)結(jié)裝置聯(lián)動(dòng)連接的精密播種機(jī)組成，如圖一所示。有兩排或四排兩種類型的機(jī)器，分別使用44.1千瓦和88.2千瓦的拖拉機(jī)。該機(jī)可一次完成玉米破茬，施肥，播種（玉米或大豆），旋耕和在田地里噴灑農(nóng)藥，最大限度地減少土壤水分散失。在斷茬時(shí)，該機(jī)只擾亂在山脊和玉米或高粱地的土壤，而不會(huì)影響任何其他的土壤，減少土壤侵蝕和有利于蓄水與土壤保墑。旋耕滅茬播種機(jī)采用可以進(jìn)行旋耕滅茬種植操作或可分為獨(dú)立的旋耕滅茬機(jī)和播種機(jī)進(jìn)行旋耕滅茬操作或種植操作的分離結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，或用于三個(gè)目的一體機(jī)。補(bǔ)償型三點(diǎn)懸掛聯(lián)動(dòng)裝置確保接下來播種機(jī)的輪廓，保持播種機(jī)的地輪始終與地表接觸，以保證在操作期間傳動(dòng)裝置的穩(wěn)定性與可靠性和機(jī)器的傳動(dòng)裝置的剛度和縱向穩(wěn)定性。2.1旋耕滅茬播種機(jī)所述旋耕滅茬播種機(jī)（圖2）包括萬向接頭（1），頭架（2），肥料鋤頭（3），施肥變速器（4），起壟（7），壓輥（8），通用的刀片轉(zhuǎn)子（10），萬向葉片（11），傳動(dòng)箱（13），土地輪（15），深松（16）和其它部件。該機(jī)器的特征在于普遍轉(zhuǎn)子的設(shè)計(jì)，萬向刀盤和通用的刀片，它可以在稻田，小麥和蔬菜領(lǐng)域執(zhí)