2022年全國甲卷英語高考真題（解析版）

2022年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語注意事項：.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分0分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有0秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡9.5.B.￡9.8.C.￡9.5.答案是C。.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Havebreakfast.B.Takeawalk.C.Callhisoffice.2.WhatwasGeorgedoinglastnight?A.Havingameeting.B.Flyinghome.C.Workingonaproject..Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?A.It'sbig.B.It'squiet.C.It'snew.4.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Annoyed.B.Pleased.C.Puzzled.5.Whereistheman'stable?A.Nearthedoor.B.Bythewindow.C.Inthecorner.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A.Eatout.B.Goshopping.C.Dosports.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Hostessandguest.C.Husbandandwife.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhydoesthewomanthinkJulyisthebesttimetomove?A.Theirbusinessisslow.B.Theweatherisfavorable.C.It'seasytohirepeople.9.Howwilltheyhandlethemoving?A.Finishitallatonce.B.Havethesalessectiongofirst.C.Doonedepartmentatatime.聽第8段材料，回答第0至2題。0.WhatdidPeterlearnfromhisgrandfather?A.Howtoappreciateartworks.B.Howtodealwithartists.C.Howtorunamuseum..WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?A.Hestudiedatacollege.B.Heservedinthearmy.C.Heworkedinagallery.2.WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?A.Rembrandt's.B.Botticelli's.C.Rubens'.聽第9段材料，回答第至6題。.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atalibrary.B.Inalawfirm.C.Onatrain.4.BywhattimedidJohnplantofinishhistermpaper?A.March.B.August.C.October.5.WhydidJohnquithispart-timejob?A.Hehadtocatchupwithhisstudy.B.Hewasofferedabetterone.C.Hegottiredofit.6.WhatisSusan'sattitudetoJohn'sproblem?A.Carefree.B.Understanding.C.Forgiving.聽第0段材料，回答第7至20題。7.Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear202?A.Afitnesscoach.B.Achessplayer.C.Amarathonrunner.8.Whywasthe206Olympicsimportantforthespeaker?A.HewasmotivatedbyBolt.B.Hebrokeaworldrecord.C.Hewonfifthplace.9.Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?A.Gettingoveraninjury.B.Doingstrengthtraining.C.RepresentingBotswana.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Hisplantogoforthegold.B.Hisexperienceonthetrack.C.Hisloveforhishomecountry.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2分，滿分0分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATheatresandEntertainmentStDavid’sHallStDavid’sHallistheawardwinningNationalConcertHallofWalesstandingattheveryheartofCardiff’sentertainmentcentre.Withanimpressive2,000-seatconcerthall,StDavid’sHallishometotheannualWelshPromsCardiff.Itpresentsliveentertainment,includingpop,rock,folk,jazz,musicals,dance,worldmusic,filmsandclassicalmusic.TheHayes,CardiffCF0AH.TheGleeClubEveryweekendthisis“Wales”premieredyclubwherehavingagreattimeistheorderforbothaudiencesandedystarsalike.Itishardtonameaedystarwhohasn’tbeenonthestagehere.Ifyouarelookingforthebestediesontourandbrilliantlivemusic,youshouldstarthere.MermaidQuay,CardiffBay,CardiffCF05BZ./cardiffShermanCymruShermanCymru’stheatreintheCathaysareaofCardiffreopenedinFebruary202.Thisspecialbuildingisaplaceinwhichtheatreismadeandwherechildren,artists,writersandanyoneelsehavetheopportunity(機會)todocreativethings.ShermanCymruisexcitedtopresentapackedprogrammeoftheverybesttheatre,dance,familyshowsandmusicfromWalesandtherestoftheworld.SenghennyddRoad,CardiffCF244YE.NewTheatreTheNewTheatrehasbeenthehomeofqualitydrama,musicals,danceandchildren’sshowsformorethan00years.PresentingthebestoftheWestEndalongwiththepickoftheUK’stouringshows,theNewTheatreisCardiff’soldestsurvivingtraditionaltheatre.Besuretopayavisitaspartofyourstayinthecity.ParkPlace,CardiffCF0LN..WhereistheWelshPromsCardiffhosted?A.AttheNewTheatre. B.AttheGleeClub.C.AtShermanCymru. D.AtStDavid’sHall.2.WhatcanpeopledoattheGleeClub?A.Watchmusicals. B.Enjoyedies.C.Seefamilyshows. D.Docreativethings..WhichwebsitecanyouvisittolearnaboutCardiff’soldestsurvivingtheatre?A.. B..C../cardiff D..【答案】.D2.B.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了Cardiff當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍﹦≡汉蛫蕵穲鏊ｎ}詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“StDavid’sHall”部分中的“StDavid’sHallishometotheannualWelshPromsCardiff(StDavid’sHall是Cardiff一年一度的WelshProms的舉辦地)”可知，Cardiff的WelshProms活動在StDavid’sHall舉辦。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“TheGleeClub”部分中的“Ifyouarelookingforthebestediesontourandbrilliantlivemusic,youshouldstarthere(如果你正在尋找巡演中最好的喜劇和精彩的現(xiàn)場音樂，你應(yīng)該從這里開始)”可知，人們可以在TheGleeClub享受喜劇。故選B。【題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“NewTheatre”部分中的“TheNewTheatrehasbeenthehomeofqualitydrama,musicians,danceandchildren’sshowsformorethan00years(00多年來，NewTheatre一直是優(yōu)質(zhì)戲劇、音樂家、舞蹈和兒童節(jié)目的發(fā)源地)”以及其下面的網(wǎng)站“.”可知，可以在.網(wǎng)站找到Cardiff存在最久的劇院。故選A。BGoffin’scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole”inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect“key”wouldletoutthenut.Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(對稱的)shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan“allocentricframeofreference”.Intheexperiment,Goffin’scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffin’scockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-year-oldbabies.Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues(線索),oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.4.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?A.Byfollowinginstructions. B.Byusingatool.C.Byturningtheboxaround. D.Byremovingthelid.5.Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelypleteaccordingtothetext?A.Usingakeytounlockadoor. B.Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.C.Puttingaballintoaroundhole. D.Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.6.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?A.Howfartheyareabletosee. B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.C.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys. D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckers B.Cockatoos:IndependentLearnersC.Cockatoos:CleverSignal-Readers D.Cockatoos:SkilfulShape-Sorters【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種會識別形狀的鳳頭鸚鵡。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.(雖然人們不知道這些鳥在野外會使用工具，但事實證明，它們在關(guān)在籠子里時就能熟練地使用工具)”以及“thebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”tochoosefrom.Inserting,thecorrect“keys”wouldletoutthenut.(研究人員給了這些鳥5把形狀各異的“鑰匙”供它們選擇。插入，正確的“鑰匙”會讓堅果出來)”可知，在實驗中，鳳頭鸚鵡是通過使用工具從盒子里取出堅果的。故選B。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage(在人類身上，嬰兒從一歲左右就可以把一個圓形的物品放進(jìn)一個圓形的洞里)”結(jié)合選項，可知，一歲兒童最有可能完成“將一個球放進(jìn)一個圓形的洞里”的任務(wù)。故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues,oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.(根據(jù)研究人員的說法，下一步是嘗試弄清楚鳳頭鸚鵡是完全依靠視覺線索，還是也使用觸覺來選擇它們的形狀)”可推知，后續(xù)測試的目的是了解鳳頭鸚鵡在測試中是否使用觸覺。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，再結(jié)合文章第一段“Coffin’scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.(科芬的鳳頭鸚鵡是一種原產(chǎn)于大洋洲的小鸚鵡，它的形狀識別能力與兩歲的人類相似)”可推知，本文主要介紹了會識別形狀的鳳頭鸚鵡。D項“Cockatoos:SkilfulShape-Sorters(鳳頭鸚鵡：識別形狀的熟練工)”符合文意，最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選D。CAsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins(企鵝)longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeepersweledherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now7,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer(職業(yè))asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurtherWhensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge.AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego,thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland.“Ijustdecidedwantedtogo,”shesays.“IhadnoideaaboutwhatI’dfindthereandIwasn’tnervous,Ijustwantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway.”InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe’dnevermetbefore,tobeginthejourneytowardsAntarctica.“Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,”Ginnisays.“IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.Youcouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitwasmakingunderwater.”Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.8.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“taketheplunge”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Trychallengingthings. B.Takeadegree.C.Bringbacklostmemories. D.Sticktoapromise.9.WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica?A.Lovelypenguins. B.Beautifulscenery.C.Adiscountfare. D.Afriend’sinvitation.0.WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejourney?A.Itcouldbeahomeforher. B.Itshouldbeeasilyaccessible.C.Itshouldbewellpreserved. D.Itneedstobefullyintroduced.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Achildhooddream. B.Anunforgettableexperience.C.Sailingaroundtheworld. D.MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.【答案】8.A9.C0.C.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了7歲的GinniBalinton從小就對旅行有著深深的熱愛，渴望探險，不再跳舞和孩子們成家立業(yè)之后，她開始周游世界，并在2008年開始了前往南極洲的旅程?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段劃線詞前文“Throughouthercareer(職業(yè))asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.(在她的職業(yè)舞蹈演員生涯中，她曾在英國巡演，但一直渴望進(jìn)一步探索)”和“Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,(當(dāng)她不再跳舞，她的兒子們最終獨立生活)”可知，Ginni在退休和兒子們成家立業(yè)之后，她決定嘗試有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情。由此推知，劃線詞組taketheplunge與trychallengingthings“嘗試有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情”意思接近。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTieradelFuego.(正是在智利，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己可以在最后一刻買到從火地島附近島嶼前往南極洲的廉價船只)”可知，是一張折扣票價讓Ginni決定去南極洲旅行的。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.(意識到這是一塊寶貴的土地，應(yīng)該受到人類的尊重，這是Ginni最深刻的感受之一。)”可知，旅行結(jié)束后，Ginni認(rèn)為南極洲應(yīng)該得到很好的保護(hù)。故選C。【題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now7hashadadeeplovefortravel.(今年7歲的吉妮從小就對旅行有著深深的熱愛)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了7歲的GinniBalinton從小就對旅行有著深深的熱愛，渴望探險，不再跳舞和孩子們成家立業(yè)之后，她開始周游世界，并在2008年開始了前往南極洲的旅程。由此可知，Achildhooddream.(童年的夢想)能夠概括文章主旨。故選A。DSometimeintheearly960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.Then,oneafteranother,Sydneydiscoveredlotsofthingsthatwerejustsortofthere—broadparks,superbbeaches,andaculturallydiversepopulation.Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearly0s,pilotsSydneyferryboatsforaliving.Ispentthewholemorningshuttlingbackandforthacrosstheharbor.AfterourthirdrunAndrewshutdowntheengine,andwewentourseparateways—heforalunchbreak,Itoexplorethecity.“I’llmisstheseoldboats,”hesaidasweparted.“Howdoyoumean?”Iasked.“Oh,they’rereplacingthemwithcatamarans.Catamaransarefaster,butthey’renotsoelegant,andthey’renotfuntopilot.Butthat’sprogress,Iguess.”EverywhereinSydneythesedays,changeandprogressarethewatchwords(口號),andtraditionsareincreasinglyrare.ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity’sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.“Sydneyisconfusedaboutitself,”shesaid.“Wecan’tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditionalone.It’saconflictthatwearen’tgettinganybetteratresolving(解決).”O(jiān)ntheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.IconsideredthiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony.“Manypeoplesaythatwelackcultureinthiscountry,”hetoldme.“WhatpeopleforgetisthattheItalians,whentheycametoAustralia,brought2000yearsoftheirculture,theGreekssome000years,andtheChinesemorestill.We’vegotafoundationbuiltonancientculturesbutwithadriveanddynamismofayoungcountry.It’saprettyhardbinationtobeat.”Heisright,butIcan’thelpwishingtheywouldkeepthoseoldferries.2.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Sydney’sstrikingarchitecture. B.TheculturaldiversityofSydney.C.ThekeytoSydney’sdevelopment. D.Sydney’stouristattractionsinthe960s..WhatcanwelearnaboutAndrewReynolds?A.Hegoestoworkbyboat. B.Helooksforwardtoanewlife.C.Hepilotscatamaranswell. D.Heisattachedtotheoldferries.4.WhatdoesShirleyFitzgeraldthinkofSydney?A.Itislosingitstraditions. B.Itshouldspeedupitsprogress.C.Itshouldexpanditspopulation. D.Itisbeingmoreinternational.5.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Acitycanbeyoungandoldatthesametime.B.Acitybuiltonancientculturesismoredynamic.C.modernityisusuallyachievedatthecostofelegance.D.promiseshouldbemadebetweenthelocalandtheforeign.【答案】2.D.D4.A5.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過作者和悉尼人士的交流介紹了悉尼發(fā)展中面臨的問題?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Sometimeintheearly960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.(20世紀(jì)60年代初，澳大利亞悉尼發(fā)生了一件大事。這座城市發(fā)現(xiàn)了它的港口)”以及“Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.(但是是港口造就了城市)”可知，本段主要介紹了悉尼發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵是港口。故選C項?！绢}詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearly0s,pilotSydneyferryboatsforaliving.(0歲出頭的AndrewReynolds是個快樂的小伙子，他在悉尼擔(dān)任渡輪領(lǐng)航員為生)”、第三段“I’llmisstheseoldboats.(我會想念這些舊船的)”以及第五段“Catamaransarefaster,butthey’renotsoelegant,andthey’renotfuntopilot.(雙體船更快，但它們不那么優(yōu)雅，駕駛起來也不有趣)”可知，渡輪領(lǐng)航員AndrewReynolds喜歡老式渡船。故選D項。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity’sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.(悉尼的官方歷史學(xué)家ShirleyFitzgerald告訴我，在20世紀(jì)70年代奔向現(xiàn)代化的過程中，悉尼把很多它的過去都拋在了一邊，包括許多最漂亮的建筑)”可推知，ShirleyFitzgerald認(rèn)為悉尼匆忙奔向現(xiàn)代化，正在失去它的傳統(tǒng)。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Ontheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.IconsideredthiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony.(另一方面，同時既年輕又古老也有它的魅力。當(dāng)我遇到一位深思熟慮的年輕商人Anthony時，我考慮到了這一點)”以及最后一段“Heisright(他說得沒錯)”可推知，作者贊同Anthony的觀點，認(rèn)為一座城市可以同時既年輕又古老。故選A項。第二節(jié)(其5小題;每小題2分,滿分0分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOutCulturaldiningetiquette(禮節(jié))mightsurpriseyouwithsomeofitsimportantrules.___6___.Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.ChopstickRulesThewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourpanions.Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.___7___.HandsorUtensils(餐具)InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it’sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.___8___,insteadpreferringtousetheirhands.InChile,youmaynevertouchanyfoodwithyourfingers.PeopleinThailandgenerallyusetheirforksonlytopushfoodontotheirspoons.MakingRequests___9___.InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange,buttheyareimportantinvariouscountries.___20___,themorefortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.A.ThemorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetimeB.ThemoretimeyouspendinanygivencountryC.MexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensilsD.Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurantE.It’sagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplateF.NeverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethemG.Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal【答案】6.D7.F8.C9.G20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些外出就餐時要知道的一些重要事情。【6題詳解】根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOut(外出就餐時要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介紹的是外出就餐時應(yīng)該知道的重要事情。由此可知，D項“Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurant(不要在餐館犯尷尬的錯誤)”符合語境，其中“atarestaurant”對應(yīng)標(biāo)題中的“WhenDiningOut”，同時引起下文“Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.(知道一些技巧將有助于確保你和朋友或家人一起享受一頓愉快的晚餐——無論你在世界的哪個地方)”。故選D。【7題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“ChopstickRules”可知，本段主要講述的是使用筷子的規(guī)則。根據(jù)上文“Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.(當(dāng)你在吃的間隙把它們放下來的時候，一定要把它們放在一起，這樣它們就和你面前的桌子邊緣平行了)”可知，此處講述了正確使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F(xiàn)項“Neverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethem(不要把它們筆直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它們時交叉放置)”講述的也是使用筷子時的注意事項，符合此處語境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故選F。【8題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“HandsorUtensils(餐具)”可知，本段主要講述的是手和餐具的問題。根據(jù)上文“InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it’sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.(在印度和中東，用左手吃飯被認(rèn)為是非常不禮貌的。法國人希望你每只手拿一個餐具吃飯)”及下文“insteadpreferringtousetheirhands(相反更愿意使用他們的雙手)”可知，此處在講述不同國家就餐時習(xí)慣使用哪只手的問題。由此可知，C項“Mexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensils(墨西哥人認(rèn)為用餐具吃飯是不合適的)”符合語境，與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C?！?題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“MakingRequests”可知，本段主要講述的是用餐時提請求的問題。根據(jù)下文“InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.(在葡萄牙，這將是一個嚴(yán)重的錯誤，因為這向廚師表明你不喜歡他們的調(diào)味技巧。同樣，在意大利，永遠(yuǎn)不要要求在食物中添加額外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些國家，用餐時提出要求是很無禮的。由此可知，G項“Itmayseemlikesimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal(吃飯時要鹽和胡椒看似很簡單)”符合此處語境，其中“request”是關(guān)鍵詞，說明，在用餐時提出一些我們看來很平常的要求在某些國家是無禮的。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“themorefortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.(你就會對它的外國文化習(xí)俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此處指在一個國家待得越久，就會越習(xí)慣當(dāng)?shù)亓?xí)俗，且此處是“the+比較級，the+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)，B項“Themoretimeyouspendinanygivencountry(你在某個國家待的時間越長)”符合文意，引出下文。故選B。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題.5分，滿分0分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Youcantellalotaboutamanbyhowhetreatshisdogs.Formanyyears,Ienjoyedlivingwithmydogs,TillyandChance.Their___2___wasnearlyenoughtokeepmylonelinessatbay.Nearly.Lastyear,Istarteddating,butwith___22___.WhenIfirstdatedSteve,I___2___hehadadog,Molly,andacat,Flora.WhileIwas___24___thathewasananimallover,I___25___thatthreedogswereperhapstoomany,andmydogsmightattack___26___,thecat.Thenextweekwe___27___ourdogstogether.Itwasahotday.Whenwepausedtocatchour___28___,Stevegotdownononeknee.Washeproposing(求婚)?Ilikedhimtoo,butso___29___?Hepouredwaterfromabottleintohishandandofferedittomydogs._____0_____,Ibegantofallforhim.We__________todate,thoughneitherofusbroughtupthefuture.AndtheninlateNovember,Tillyhadanoperationonher_____2_____.Itookthedogsoutfourtimesaday,andIworriedthatTilly__________climbingthestairscouldreopenthewound.ThenSteve_____4_____hishouse.Allworked_____5_____.Thethreedogsformedapackthat,withcoaching,_____6_____Flora’sspace;SteveandIformedagoodteam_____7_____forTilly.Wemadegoodhousemates.Ayearlater,muchtomy_____8_____,thismanproducedalittleboxwitharingandproposedtome.Hedidnotkneel(跪)down,nordidI_____9_____himto.That’sonlyforgiving_____40_____tothedogsthatbroughtustogether.2.A.ownership B.membership C.panionship D.leadership22.A.reservations B.expectations C.confidence D.prejudice2.A.feared B.doubted C.hoped D.learned24.A.unsatisfied B.amused C.terrified D.thrilled25.A.predicted B.worried C.regretted D.insisted26.A.Flora B.Chance C.Molly D.Tilly27.A.tied B.walked C.bathed D.fed28.A.breath B.balance C.attention D.imagination29.A.calm B.sure C.soon D.real0.A.Bytheway B.Inthatcase C.Byallmeans D.Inthatmoment.A.continued B.decided C.intended D.pretended2.A.eye B.tail C.ear D.leg.A.secretly B.constantly C.eventually D.unwillingly4.A.left B.sold C.suggested D.searched5.A.late B.hard C.fine D.free6.A.emptied B.respected C.occupied D.discovered7.A.looking B.caring C.waiting D.calling8.A.delight B.credit C.interest D.disadvantage9.A.beg B.trust C.need D.aid40.A.toys B.awards C.food D.water【答案】2.C22.A2.D24.B25.B26.A27.B28.A29.C0.D.A2.D.B4.A5.C6.B7.B8.A9.C40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，作者認(rèn)為你可以從一個男人對待他的狗的方式來了解他很多，作者多年和兩只愛犬生活在一起，去年開始和擁有貓狗的史蒂夫約會，但有所保留，因為一次遛狗時史蒂夫把水給自己的愛犬喝，作者漸漸對史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，在之后的接觸中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顧作者的愛犬，一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們的陪伴幾乎足以讓我遠(yuǎn)離孤獨。A.ownership所有權(quán)；B.membership會員；C.panionship陪伴；D.leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。由上文的“Formanyyears,Ienjoyedlivingwithmydogs,TillyandChance.(多年來，我喜歡和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一起，可得出狗狗陪伴著作者，讓作者遠(yuǎn)離孤獨。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，我開始約會，但有所保留。A.reservations保留；B.expectations期望；C.confidence信心；D.prejudice偏見。由下文的“Hepouredwaterfromabottleintohishandandofferedittomydogs.(他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，遞給我的狗)”和“Ibegantofallforhim(我開始愛上他)”可知，作者是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗時，因為史蒂夫把水給自己的愛犬喝，作者才對史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，可得出剛開始約會時，因為不熟悉史蒂夫的品行，作者還是有所保留的。故選A項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我第一次和史蒂夫約會時，我得知他有一條名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的貓。A.feared恐懼；B.doubted懷疑；C.hoped希望；D.learned得知。由上文的“WhenIfirstdatedSteve(當(dāng)我第一次和史蒂夫約會時)”和常識可知，第一次約會會得知對方相關(guān)情況，作者從而得知史蒂夫有一只狗和一只貓。故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我很高興他是一個動物愛好者，但我擔(dān)心三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會攻擊貓F(tuán)lora。A.unsatisfied不滿意的；B.amused愉快的；C.terrified害怕的；D.thrilled刺激的。由下文的“hewasananimallover(他是一個動物愛好者)”可知，得知史蒂夫是一個動物愛好者，多年和兩只愛犬生活在一起的作者應(yīng)該是感到愉快高興。故選B項。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我很高興他是一個動物愛好者，但我擔(dān)心三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會攻擊貓F(tuán)lora。A.predicted預(yù)測；B.worried擔(dān)心；C.regretted后悔；D.insisted堅持。由下文的“threedogswereperhapstoomany,andmydogsmightattack6thecat(三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會攻擊貓)”可知，作者認(rèn)為三條狗可能太多了，且自己的狗可能會攻擊史蒂夫的貓，針對這種情況，作者是擔(dān)憂的。故選B項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我很高興他是一個動物愛好者，但我擔(dān)心三條狗可能太多了，我的狗可能會攻擊貓F(tuán)lora。A.Flora弗洛拉；B.Chance機會；C.Molly莫莉；D.Tilly蒂莉。選項指的是文中動物名詞。由上文的“hehadadog,Molly,andacar,Flora(他有一條名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的貓)”可知，此處指作者擔(dān)心自己的狗可能會攻擊史蒂夫的貓F(tuán)lora。故選A項。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第二周，我們一起遛狗。A.tied系；B.walked牽著（動物）走；C.bathed沐?。籇.fed喂養(yǎng)。由本處的“7ourdogstogether(一起……我們的狗)”可知，作者和史蒂夫在一起遛狗。故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們停下來休息時，史蒂夫單膝跪下。A.breath呼吸；B.balance平衡；C.attention注意力；D.imagination想象。由上文的“Itwasahotday.Whenwepaused(那是一個炎熱的日子。當(dāng)我們停下)”可知，那天很熱，遛狗的二人停下來休息一下，catchone’sbreath(休息一下、歇一口氣)。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我也喜歡他，但這么快？A.calm冷靜的；B.sure確定的；C.soon很快的；Dreal真正的。由上文的“Thenextweek(第二周)”和“Washeproposing(求婚)?(他在求婚嗎)”可知，二人才認(rèn)識兩周，作者以為史蒂夫要向自己求婚，認(rèn)為進(jìn)展太快了。故選C項?！?題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我開始愛上他。A.Bytheway順便說一句；B.Inthatcase那樣的話；C.Byallmeans務(wù)必；D.Inthatmoment那一刻。由上文的“Hepouredwaterfromabottleintohishandandofferedittomydogs.(他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，遞給我的狗)”和下文的“Ibegantofallforhim(我開始愛上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水給作者愛犬喝的那一刻，還有所保留的作者卸下心防，對史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感。故選D項?！绢}詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們繼續(xù)約會，雖然我們都沒有提到未來。A.continued繼續(xù)；B.decided決定；C.intended打算；D.pretended假裝。由上文的“Ibegantofallforhim(我開始愛上他)”可知，作者對史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，可得出二人會繼續(xù)約會。故選A項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：月下旬，Tilly的腿做了一次手術(shù)。A.eye眼睛；B.tail尾巴；C.ear耳朵；D.leg腿。由下文的“IworriedthatTillyclimbingthestairscouldreopenthewound(我擔(dān)心Tilly爬樓梯會重新打開傷口)”可知，作者擔(dān)心爬樓會影響Tilly的傷口，可得出Tilly的腿做了手術(shù)。故選D項?！绢}詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我一天帶狗出去四次，我擔(dān)心Tilly不斷地爬樓梯會重新打開傷口。A.secretly秘密地；B.constantly不斷地；C.eventually最終；D.unwillingly不情愿地。由上文的“Itookthedogsoutfourtimesaday(我一天帶狗出去四次)”可知，作者一天帶狗出去四次，可得出狗狗（包括Tilly）要不斷地爬樓梯。故選B項。【4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫離開了他的房子。A.left離開；B.sold賣；C.suggested建議；D.searched搜尋。由下文的“Wemadegoodhousemates.(我們是很好的室友)”可知，二人成為室友，可得出史蒂夫離開了他的房子，和作者一起居住。故選A項。【5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一切都很好。A.late晚的；B.hard困難的；C.fine好的；D.free自由的。由下文的“Thethreedogsformedapack(這三條狗組成了一個團(tuán)隊)”和“SteveandIformedagoodteam(史蒂夫和我組成了一個好團(tuán)隊)”“Wemadegoodhousemates.(我們是很好的室友)”可知，狗狗相處友好，作者和史蒂夫相處也友好，可得出一切都好。故選C項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這三條狗組成了一個團(tuán)隊，在訓(xùn)練下，尊重Flora的空間；史蒂夫和我組成了一個照顧Tilly的好團(tuán)隊。A.emptied清空；B.respected尊重；C.occupied占據(jù)；D.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。由上文的“mydogsmightattack6,thecat(我的狗可能會攻擊貓)”和“Thethreedogsformedapackthat,withcoaching(這三條狗組成了一個團(tuán)隊，在訓(xùn)練下)”可知，起初作者擔(dān)心自己的狗會攻擊史蒂夫的貓F(tuán)lora，但作者的狗和史蒂夫的狗相處友好，可得出在訓(xùn)練下，狗不會去攻擊貓，結(jié)合動物的領(lǐng)地意識可知，此處指狗尊重貓的空間。故選B項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這三條狗組成了一個團(tuán)隊，在訓(xùn)練下，尊重Flora的空間；史蒂夫和我組成了一個照顧Tilly的好團(tuán)隊。A.looking看；B.caring照顧；C.waiting等待；D.calling打電話。由上文的“Tillyhadanoperation(Tilly