高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解五步法專項(xiàng)帶練(56)講義

①AwildAfricanbirdthatwillleadpeopletotreeswithhoneycomb（蜂巢）seemstosomehowlearnthedistinctwhistlesandcallsofthehumanforagers（覓食者）wholivenearthem.②Thisbirdspecieshasfarmoreinformationaboutwhatthebeesaredoingthanhumansevercould.InTanzania,Hadzaforagerscanuseaspecialwhistletoattractthisbird,whichwillthenflydownandstartleadingthemtohoney.Withitsnoisychatteringsound,thebirdisveryconspicuous.Oncethebirdarrivesatatreewithhoneyinside,itwillrestnearthebeehivesilently,seeminglynottodisturbthebees."That'sthesignaltotheHadzatoreallystartsearching,"saysBrianWood,ananthropologistatUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.Prettysoon,theforagerswilllocatethehiveandcutopenthetreetrunk.③Itisfoundthatthebirdsaremorelikelytoshowupwhenthefamiliarsignalusedbythelocalsisbeingbroadcast.Accordingtotheresearch,thebirdsappear82%ofthetimewhenHadzawhistlesarebeingplayed.Buttheyappearonly24%ofthetimewhentheresearchersplaythewhistlestraditionallyusedinadifferentcountry.④Thismakesitclearthatthebirdshavelearnedwhattheirhumanneighborsdowhentheywanttopartnerupandgohoney-hunting."Thisisaverystrongresultwhichsupportstheideathatthere'salearningprocessinvolved,"saysWood.⑤Buthowdothebirdslearn?It'sstillunclear.Whatisclearisthatthishuman-animalcommunicationseemstobenefitbothparties,anditmaygobackmanythousandsofyears.Whenthehoneycombisout,thebirdsgetsomeofthebeeswax,whichtheylovetoeat.Andthehumanforagersgetthehoney-whichisanenormouslyimportantfoodfortheHadza.WoodhascalculatedthattheHadzagetabout10%ofthecaloriesintheirannualdietwiththehelpofthebirds.【素材來(lái)源：廣東省汕頭市2024屆高三下學(xué)期第一次模擬考試英語(yǔ)試題】28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"conspicuous"inPara.2mean?A.Eye-catching.B.Care-free.C.Naughty.D.Attractive.29.Whatcanweknowaboutthebirds?A.Theyareraisedbyhumans.B.Theyhelpcutopenthetreetrunk.C.Theyfeedonhoneyastheirannualdiet.D.Theycandistinguishdifferentwhistles.30.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethehoneygathering?Acomplexdilemma.Anunfairtrade.Adouble-edgedsword.D.Awin-wincooperation.31.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Thefamiliarsignalintheforest.B.Atalentedexpertinhuntingthebees.C.Awonderfulguidetocollectinghoney.D.Thehuman-animalcommunicationinTanzania.【五步法精析】串聯(lián)題干Whatdoestheunderlinedword"conspicuous"inPara.2mean?Whatcanweknowaboutthebirds?Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethehoneygathering?Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?歸納主題詞：thebirds,honeygathering28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"conspicuous"inPara.2mean?第二段中劃線的“conspicuous”是什么意思?A.Eye-catching.引人注目的B.Care-free.無(wú)憂無(wú)慮的C.Naughty.頑皮的D.Attractive.吸引人的領(lǐng)域詞同義替換：special=eye-catching特別的=conspicuous②Thisbirdspecieshasfarmoreinformationaboutwhatthebeesaredoingthanhumansevercould.InTanzania,Hadzaforagerscanuseaspecialwhistletoattractthisbird,whichwillthenflydownandstartleadingthemtohoney.這種鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)比人類(lèi)更了解蜜蜂在做什么。在坦桑尼亞，哈扎族的采集者可以用一種特殊的哨子來(lái)吸引這只鳥(niǎo)，然后這只鳥(niǎo)就會(huì)飛下來(lái)，帶他們?nèi)ゲ擅?。Withitsnoisychatteringsound,thebirdisveryconspicuous.Oncethebirdarrivesatatreewithhoneyinside,itwillrestnearthebeehivesilently,seeminglynottodisturbthebees."That'sthesignaltotheHadzatoreallystartsearching,"saysBrianWood,ananthropologistatUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.Prettysoon,theforagerswilllocatethehiveandcutopenthetreetrunk.29.Whatcanweknowaboutthebirds?關(guān)于鳥(niǎo)我們能知道些什么?A.Theyareraisedbyhumans.它們是由人類(lèi)養(yǎng)大的。B.Theyhelpcutopenthetreetrunk.他們幫忙砍開(kāi)樹(shù)干。C.Theyfeedonhoneyastheirannualdiet.它們每年以蜂蜜為食。D.Theycandistinguishdifferentwhistles.它們能分辨不同的哨聲。（具象化的同義替換）③Itisfoundthatthebirdsaremorelikelytoshowupwhenthefamiliarsignalusedbythelocalsisbeingbroadcast.Accordingtotheresearch,thebirdsappear82%ofthetimewhenHadzawhistlesarebeingplayed.Buttheyappearonly24%ofthetimewhentheresearchersplaythewhistlestraditionallyusedinadifferentcountry.根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，當(dāng)哈扎哨聲響起時(shí)，這些鳥(niǎo)出現(xiàn)的幾率為82%。但當(dāng)研究人員吹響另一個(gè)國(guó)家傳統(tǒng)上使用的哨子時(shí)，它們出現(xiàn)的幾率只有24%。30.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethehoneygathering?以下哪一項(xiàng)最能描述采蜜過(guò)程?A.Acomplexdilemma.復(fù)雜的困境B.Anunfairtrade.不公平的交易。C.Adouble-edgedsword.就好像雙刃劍D.Awin-wincooperation.一個(gè)雙贏的合作(近義詞的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)）⑤Buthowdothebirdslearn?It'sstillunclear.Whatisclearisthatthishuman-animalcommunicationseemstobenefitbothparties,anditmaygobackmanythousandsofyears.Whenthehoneycombisout,thebirdsgetsomeofthebeeswax,whichtheylovetoeat.Andthehumanforagersgetthehoney-whichisanenormouslyimportantfoodfortheHadza.可以肯定的是，這種人類(lèi)與動(dòng)物之間的交流似乎對(duì)雙方都有好處，而且這種交流可能可以追溯到幾千年前。當(dāng)蜂巢出來(lái)的時(shí)候，鳥(niǎo)兒就會(huì)得到一些它們喜歡吃的蜂蠟。人類(lèi)采集者得到蜂蜜——這是哈扎人極其重要的食物WoodhascalculatedthattheHadzagetabout10%ofthecaloriesintheirannualdietwiththehelpofthebirds.31.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?哪一個(gè)標(biāo)題可以是合適的文本?A.Thefamiliarsignalintheforest.森林里熟悉的信號(hào)。B.Atalentedexpertinhuntingthebees.一個(gè)有天賦的捕蜂專家。C.Awonderfulguidetocollectinghoney.收集蜂蜜的精彩指南。D.Thehuman-animalcommunicationinTanzania.坦桑尼亞人與動(dòng)物的交流。同義替換：collecthoney=getthehoney;enormouslyimportant=wonderful⑤Buthowdothebirdslearn?It'sstillunclear.Whatisclearisthatthishuman-animalcommunicationseemstobenefitbothparties,anditmaygobackmanythousandsofyears.Whenthehoneycombisout,thebirdsgetsomeofthebeeswax,whichtheylovetoeat.Andthehumanforagersgetthehoney-whichisanenormouslyimportantfoodfortheHadza.WoodhascalculatedthattheHadzagetabout10%ofthecaloriesintheirannualdietwiththehelpofthebirds.【逐句翻譯】第一段：AwildAfricanbirdthatwillleadpeopletotreeswithhoneycomb（蜂巢）seemstosomehowlearnthedistinctwhistlesandcallsofthehumanforagers（覓食者）wholivenearthem.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾bird；who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾foragers句意：一種將人類(lèi)帶到有蜂巢的樹(shù)上的非洲野生鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)(蜂巢)似乎不知何故學(xué)會(huì)了住在它們附近的人類(lèi)覓食者(覓食者)獨(dú)特的口哨聲和叫聲。第二段：Thisbirdspecieshasfarmoreinformationaboutwhatthebeesaredoingthanhumansevercould.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句句意：這種鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)比人類(lèi)更了解蜜蜂在做什么。InTanzania,Hadzaforagerscanuseaspecialwhistletoattractthisbird,whichwillthenflydownandstartleadingthemtohoney.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾thisbird句意：在坦桑尼亞，哈扎族的采集者可以用一種特殊的哨子來(lái)吸引這只鳥(niǎo)，然后這只鳥(niǎo)就會(huì)飛下來(lái)，帶他們?nèi)ゲ擅?。Withitsnoisychatteringsound,thebirdisveryconspicuous.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：with引導(dǎo)獨(dú)立主格句意：這只鳥(niǎo)嘰嘰喳喳叫得很響，很引人注目。【超綱詞匯解析】Conspicuousadj.顯眼的，引人注目的Ifeltveryconspicuousinmynewcar.坐在我的新車(chē)?yán)?，我感到十分惹人注目。Oncethebirdarrivesatatreewithhoneyinside,itwillrestnearthebeehivesilently,seeminglynottodisturbthebees.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：once引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句句意：一旦小鳥(niǎo)帶著蜂蜜飛到樹(shù)上，它就會(huì)在蜂巢附近安靜地休息，似乎不打擾蜜蜂。"That'sthesignaltotheHadzatoreallystartsearching,"saysBrianWood,ananthropologistatUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校的人類(lèi)學(xué)家布萊恩·伍德說(shuō):“這是給哈扎人真正開(kāi)始尋找的信號(hào)?！盤(pán)rettysoon,theforagerswilllocatethehiveandcutopenthetreetrunk.很快，覓食蟻就會(huì)找到蜂巢，然后砍開(kāi)樹(shù)干?！菊骖}必考詞匯解析】Trunkn.樹(shù)干;象鼻;大箱子;軀干Thetrunkandlimbsweighed29,500kg.樹(shù)干和主枝重29,500公斤.第三段：Itisfoundthatthebirdsaremorelikelytoshowupwhenthefamiliarsignalusedbythelocalsisbeingbroadcast.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：itisfoundthat引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句；when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句句意：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)播放當(dāng)?shù)厝耸煜さ男盘?hào)時(shí)，這些鳥(niǎo)更有可能出現(xiàn)?！菊骖}必考詞匯】belikelyto...可能Theywouldnotbelikelytoalightonthesurfaceofthesea.它們大概不會(huì)降落于海面上.showup顯而易見(jiàn);到場(chǎng);（使）看得見(jiàn);羞辱Theorangetipshowsupwellagainstmostbackgrounds.橙色的尖端在大多數(shù)背景下都很醒目。Accordingtotheresearch,thebirdsappear82%ofthetimewhenHadzawhistlesarebeingplayed.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，當(dāng)哈扎哨聲響起時(shí)，這些鳥(niǎo)出現(xiàn)的幾率為82%。Buttheyappearonly24%ofthetimewhentheresearchersplaythewhistlestraditionallyusedinadifferentcountry.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句句意：但當(dāng)研究人員吹響另一個(gè)國(guó)家傳統(tǒng)上使用的哨子時(shí)，它們出現(xiàn)的幾率只有24%。第四段：Thismakesitclearthatthebirdshavelearnedwhattheirhumanneighborsdowhentheywanttopartnerupandgohoney-hunting.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句；when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句句意：這清楚地表明，鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了它們的人類(lèi)鄰居在想要結(jié)成伙伴去采蜜時(shí)所做的事情。"Thisisaverystrongresultwhichsupportstheideathatthere'salearningprocessinvolved,"saysWood.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾strongresult；that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句修飾theidea句意：伍德說(shuō):“這是一個(gè)非常有力的結(jié)果，它支持了一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程的觀點(diǎn)?！钡谖宥蜝uthowdothebirdslearn?但是鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)是如何學(xué)習(xí)的呢?It'sstillunclear.目前還不清楚。Whatisclearisthatthishuman-animalcommunicationseemstobenefitbothparties,anditmaygobackmanythousandsofyears.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:whatisclearthat引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句句意：可以肯定的是，這種人類(lèi)與動(dòng)物之間的交流似乎對(duì)雙方都有好處，而且這種交流可能可以追溯到幾千年前。Whenthehoneycombisout,thebirdsgetsomeofthebeeswax,whichtheylovetoeat.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾beeswax句意：當(dāng)蜂巢出來(lái)的時(shí)候，鳥(niǎo)兒