中考英語復(fù)習(xí)（廣東專版）第一部分第十節(jié)非謂語動(dòng)詞課件

第一部分語法突破第十節(jié)非謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式分為：動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞)。新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求掌握的是動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語和目的狀語。某些動(dòng)詞后只能接動(dòng)名詞是動(dòng)名詞的主要考點(diǎn)。近幾年的中考題都主要考查動(dòng)詞不定式。

動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語5年2考,作賓補(bǔ)5年2考,作目的狀語5年1考,動(dòng)名詞5年0考。一、動(dòng)詞不定式1.動(dòng)詞不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定式：todo否定式：nottodo2.動(dòng)詞不定式的用法用法結(jié)構(gòu)例子(1)作主語Todois/was…Toseeistobelieve.眼見為實(shí)。(2)作表語be+todoMyworkistocleantheroomeveryday.我的工作是每天打掃房間。Hisdreamistobeadoctor.他的夢(mèng)想是當(dāng)一名醫(yī)生。用法結(jié)構(gòu)例子(3)作定語sth./sb.+todoIhavealotofhomeworktodo.(動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)我有很多家庭作業(yè)要做。Weneedsomeonetohelpwiththework.(主謂關(guān)系)我們需要人幫助做這項(xiàng)工作。Ihavenotimetogothere.(狀語關(guān)系)我沒有時(shí)間去那兒。若該不定式為不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),其后面要加上介詞,構(gòu)成及物動(dòng)詞短語Ineedapieceofpapertowriteon.我需要一張紙來寫字。Pandashavenoplacestolivein.熊貓沒有地方住。用法結(jié)構(gòu)例子(4)作賓語vt.+todo①我想告訴你整個(gè)故事。I

youthewholestory.②你需要買一雙新鞋。You

apairofnewshoes.(5)作賓補(bǔ)vt.+sb.+todo①我媽媽常叫我按時(shí)完成作業(yè)。Mymotheroften

myhomeworkontime.②她想要她爸爸給她買一輛新的自行車。She

anewbikeforher.wanttotellneedtobuytells/asksmetofinishwants/wantedherfathertobuy用法結(jié)構(gòu)例子(6)作目的狀語todo=inordertodo=soastodo注意：soasto不用于句首①他昨天來給我們開講座。Hecame

yesterday.②為了使每個(gè)人都聽清楚,他說得很慢。Hespokeslowly__________________________

.=______________________________________

,hespokeslowly.togiveusatalk/lecture(inorder/soas)tomakeeveryonehearhimclearlyInorderto/Tomakeeveryonehearhimclearly注意：(1)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語,相當(dāng)于名詞或代詞,往往用形式主語代替,將不定式后置。如：Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.=Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.學(xué)習(xí)一門外語并不容易。(2)作賓語(5年2考)：不定式用在及物動(dòng)詞后作賓語,其后跟補(bǔ)足語時(shí)常用it作形式賓語,而將不定式后置,常用在think,find,feel后,如：WefounditeasytolearnEnglish.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)英語是容易的。(it是形式賓語,不定式tolearnEnglish是真正的賓語,easy是賓語補(bǔ)足語)3.常接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有expect,hope,wish,plan,want,promise,offer,choose,decide,agree,refuse,afford,manage,fail,prove,seem,pretend(假裝),hesitate(猶豫),wouldlike等,常見這類詞表示命令、打算或希望。如：Heofferedtotakeustothepark.他主動(dòng)提出帶我們?nèi)ス珗@。注意：help后面的to可以省略。如：Hehelped(to)dosomehousework.他幫忙做了一些家務(wù)。4.常接不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有ask,tell,teach,want,wish,warn,allow,force,wouldlike,help,encourage,advise,order,invite,persuade等。如：IadvisedhimtoreadmoreEnglishbooksafterclass.我建議他課后多看英文書。注意：helpsb.todo中的to也可以省略。如：Hehelpedhismother(to)dosomehousework.他幫助他媽媽做了一些家務(wù)。二、動(dòng)名詞

動(dòng)名詞是一種兼有動(dòng)詞和名詞功能的非謂語動(dòng)詞。1.動(dòng)名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)：由“動(dòng)詞原形+-ing”構(gòu)成,其否定形式直接在動(dòng)名詞前加not。2.動(dòng)名詞的用法：動(dòng)名詞具有名詞的性質(zhì),因此在句中可以作主語、表語、定語、賓語等。用法結(jié)構(gòu)例子(1)作主語doing…is/was…①Readingisanart.讀書是一種藝術(shù)。②打籃球和聽音樂都很有趣。

areinteresting.

(2)作表語be+doingYourtaskiscleaningthewindows.=Cleaningthewindowsisyourtask.=Yourtaskistocleanthewindows.你的任務(wù)就是擦窗戶。Playingbasketballandlisteningtomusic

用法結(jié)構(gòu)例子(3)作定語—walkingstick手杖washingmachine洗衣機(jī)readingroom閱覽室sleepingboy在睡覺的男孩(4)作動(dòng)詞的賓語v.+doing①他每天練習(xí)彈鋼琴。Hepractices

everyday.②你看完這本小說了嗎？Haveyoufinished

？playingthepianoreadingthisnovel用法結(jié)構(gòu)例子(5)作介詞的賓語prep.+doing①李平正考慮為下學(xué)期制訂新的計(jì)劃。LiPing

forthenextterm.②我們盼望收到你的來信。We

yourletter.isthinkingaboutmakinganewplanarelookingforwardtoreceiving三、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)突破(一)既可以接不定式又可以接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞1.意思沒什么區(qū)別的動(dòng)詞：begin,start,hate,like,love。如：Itbegantorain.=Itbeganraining.開始下雨了。2.接動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞表達(dá)的意思有差別的動(dòng)詞：forget,remember,stop。如：(1)forgettodosth.忘記要做某事(還沒做)

forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事(已做)(2)remembertodosth.；rememberdoingsth.①記得要做某事(還沒做)

②記得做過某事(已做)

remembertodosth.rememberdoingsth.(3)regrettodosth.；regretdoingsth.①對(duì)未做的事感到遺憾(未做)

②對(duì)做過的事感到遺憾,后悔(已做)

(4)stoptodosth.；stopdoingsth.①停下來去做某事(去做另一件事)

②停止做某事(不做了)

regrettodosth.regretdoingsth.stoptodosth.stopdoingsth.(5)goontodosth.繼續(xù)去做某事(繼續(xù)做不同的事)goondoingsth.繼續(xù)不停地做某事(同一動(dòng)作的繼續(xù))(6)trytodosth.努力做某事

trydoingsth.嘗試做某事(7)meantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth.意味著做某事(8)can’thelp(to)dosth.不能幫助做某事can’thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事(二)不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)省略to的情況1.不定式在動(dòng)詞“一感(feel)二聽(hear,listento)三讓(let,make,have)四看(lookat,see,watch,notice)”后作賓補(bǔ),這時(shí)不定式要省略to。(1)在使役動(dòng)詞后：let,make等(get除外,getsb.todosth.)。如：老板讓他們工作了一整晚。Thebossmakesthem___________

thewholenight.

work(2)在感官動(dòng)詞后：see,hear,watch,notice,sound,feel等。如：①我常常看見他們打掃教室。Ioftenseethem__________

theclassroom.

注意：這類動(dòng)詞如用于被動(dòng)語態(tài),應(yīng)接帶to不定式作賓補(bǔ)。如：②他們被迫整晚工作。Theyweremade

thewholenight.

cleantowork(3)在表示“看見、聽見、感覺某人正在做某事”時(shí),see,hear,watch,notice,feel,listento等后通常接doing做賓補(bǔ)。如：—Didyounoticesomeonepassingby？你注意到有人正經(jīng)過這兒?jiǎn)?？—Sure.當(dāng)然。(4)用現(xiàn)在分詞與省去to的動(dòng)詞不定式做賓補(bǔ)時(shí),意義有區(qū)別：前者表示正在進(jìn)行(一般用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞),后者表示已經(jīng)完成。如：①你聽到鳥兒正在樹上唱歌嗎？Canyouhearthebird____________

inthetree？

②我看見他下了公共汽車然后消失了。Isawhim

thebusanddisappear.

singinggetoff2.其他省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式情況(用動(dòng)詞原形)(1)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后

(除ought外,oughtto意思是“應(yīng)該”,是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,只有一種形式)如：Theyoughtto(should)cometomorrow.他們明天應(yīng)當(dāng)來。(2)hadbetter(not)do…如：Youhadbetterstaythereforanight.你最好在那兒待一晚。(3)wouldratherdo…thando…=prefertodo…ratherthando…寧愿做……不愿做……如：Healwayspreferstorideabikeratherthanrideonacrowdedbus.比起擠公交,他寧愿騎自行車。(4)Whydon’tyoudo…/whynotdo…？為何不做……呢？(5)Would/Couldyouplease(not)do…？你能(不)做……嗎？(6)help可帶to,也可不帶to,help(to)do幫助做……；helpsb.(to)dosth.幫助某人做某事一、非謂語動(dòng)詞在語法選擇中的考查在語法選擇中,非謂語動(dòng)詞的考查以todo的形式比較常見,doing的形式一般是放在介詞后面。1.(2023·廣東中考·14題)“Ifeellikearealastronautinthespacecamp,andIdon’tevenneed

theearth,”hesaid.

A.leave

B.leaving

C.toleaveC滿分突破2.(2023·廣州中考·4題)Hewasnotfastenough

theworms(蟲子)MamaBirdbroughtback.

A.get

B.got

C.getting

D.toget3.(2022·廣東中考·34題)Oneday,theteachertoldher

atest.Ifshepassedthetest,shecouldenteraBeijingOperaschool.

A.take

B.totake

C.takingDB4.(2022·廣州中考·6題)Mydadaskedme

itintothekitchen.

A.bring

B.bringing

C.brought

D.tobring5.(2022·廣州中考·11題)“Let’shurryupand

thefishoutofthewater,Dad！”

A.get

B.gets

C.got

D.gettingDA6.(2021·廣東中考·38題)Manytourists,theybelieve,willcome______

thefantasticexperienceofwalkingacross.

A.enjoy

B.enjoyed

C.enjoying

D.toenjoy7.(2021·廣州中考·15題)“AndI！”theyallsaid,untilawholeshower(陣雨)wentdownandthecornwassaved—allbecauseonelittleraindroptrieditsbest

whatitcould.

A.do

B.doing

C.todo

D.didDC8.Manypeoplepostedonlinetopaytribute(致敬)toYuanafter

thesuccessofdevelopingthe“giantrice”.

A.toknow

B.knew

C.knows

D.knowingD二、非謂語動(dòng)詞在短文填空中的考查在短文填空中,非謂語動(dòng)詞的考查以動(dòng)名詞的形式出現(xiàn)比較常見。先根據(jù)語境確定所缺動(dòng)詞,然后再根據(jù)語法結(jié)構(gòu)確定非謂語動(dòng)詞的形態(tài)。1.(2021·廣州中考·46題)Yuandecidedtofindawayto

riceproductionandfillpeople’sbowls.

2.(2021·廣州預(yù)測(cè))Itisdifficultformostofthestudentsto__________

thisphysicsproblem.

improve

solve3.(2023·廣州一模)Itwasdifficult

suchagreatwallwithoutmodernmachines.

4.(2021·廣州模擬)LiuMingwantsto

amachinewhichcanhelphismotherwashthedishes.

5.(2023·廣州二模)Inorderto

studentstolearnEnglish,theschoolplanstoholdanEnglishWeek.

tobuildbuyencourage(

)1.Theteachersusedto

keypointsontheblackboard,butnowtheyaregettingusedto

themthroughPPTs.(2023·達(dá)州市)

A.write；showing

B.writing；show

C.write；showA真題鏈接(

)2.—Mike,wearetoldnot

thephonewhilecrossingthestreet.

—Iamsorry.Iwon’tdoitagain.(2023·自貢市)A.answering

B.toanswer

C.answerB(

)3.

healthy,we’vegotusedtowashinghandsbeforemealsandusingpublicchopsticks.(2023·南通市)

A.Keeping B.Keep C.Tokeep D.TokeepingC(

)4.—IsLucyintheclassroom？—Yeah.SheisstilltherewatchingMr.Li

.(2023·邵陽市)

A.todraw

B.drawing

C.drawsB(

)5.Weshouldavoid

anoiseinthelibrary.(2023·黑龍江省)

A.make

B.tomake

C.making(

)6.—Doyoualwaysgetupsoearly？—Yes.

thefirstbus.Myhomeisfarawayfromschool.(2023·內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū))

A.Tocatch

B.Catching

C.caught

D.CatchesCA(

)7.Wehope

abeautifulhomebylivingalow-carbonlife(低碳生活).

(2023·吉林省)A.build

B.building

C.tobuild(

)8.Davidlearnt

whenhewasfive.(2023·天津市)

A.swim

B.swims

C.swam

D.toswimCD(

)9.Mikemadefacestomakehislittlebrother

.(2023·甘孜藏族自治州)

A.laughs

B.laugh

C.tolaugh

D.laughing(

)10.Italsoencouragespeople

problemsbravely.(2023·西寧市)

A.tosolve

B.solve

C.solving

D.tosolvingBA語法選擇

Mollywasproudofherflowergarden.Hergrandmotherhadraisedherandtaughther

1

andcareforflowers.Soherflowergardenwas

2

intown.

模擬突破 Sheoftenorderedaflowermagazine

3

thepostoffice.Oneday,whileshe

4

throughtheflowermagazine,apictureofaplantcaughthereyes.Sheneversawflowerslikethat.“Iwanttohaveit,”shesaidto

5

,andsheimmediatelyorderedit.

6

itarrived,shealreadyhadaplacepreparedtoplantit.Sheplanteditatthebackofheryard.Itgrewwell,withbeautifulgreenleavesalloverit,buttherewerenoflowers.

Afewweekslater,whenstandingbeforethevine(藤),shefelt

7

sadthatherplanthadnotbloomed.Shewasthinkingofcuttingitdownandplanting