2024年中考英語語法筆記-Chapter 4 情態(tài)動詞 筆記

備戰(zhàn)2024年中考英語語法

chapter4情態(tài)動詞筆記

ModalVerb

?模塊一can/could/beableto用法分述。

?模塊二may/might用法分述。

,模塊三must/haveto用法分述。

?模塊四should/oughtto用法分述。

,模塊五need用法分述。

?模塊六will/would用法分述。

,模塊七wouldrather/hadbetter用法分述。

模塊一1can/could/beableto用法分述。

1.can/could的基本形式和用法：

could是can的過去式，或作為委婉語

a.用于請求或允許，意為“能……”

>—Could/CanIhavethetelevisionon?

-Yes,you./No,you.

b.在疑問句和否定句中表示推測，意為“可能……嗎？”、“不可能”

>他可能是壞人嗎？他不可能是壞人。

heabadguy?No,heabadguy.

c.用于陳述句，表示事情發(fā)生的“理論上的可能性”，意為“會”

>事故總會發(fā)生。

d.表示能力，意為“能夠”

>HespeakEnglishwhenhewasyoung.

could作為can的過去時/委婉語，請打勾

過去時委婉語

表請求或允許

表推測

表可能性

表能力

2.can/could與beableto的差別：

a.表示能力時，can表示現(xiàn)在、could表示過去；beableto可以用于任何時態(tài)，也可以前

加情態(tài)動詞或助動詞，如：willbeableto,havebeenableto,shouldbeableto

b.用于過去時中，could表示“有能力做”而“并不一定做成”；若是“實(shí)際得以做成某事”，只

能用was/wereableto=managetodosth.

＞司機(jī)得以逃生，其他的乘客沒有逃出來。

Thedriverescape,butthepassengersfailedtodoso.

Ms.Wangcouldsingwellwhenshewasyoung.

Iwasabletopasstheexamination.我通過了考試.（不僅有能力，而且實(shí)際上做到了.相當(dāng)于

Isucceededinpassingtheexamination.）

Icouldpasstheexamination.我當(dāng)時有能力通過考試.（有能力，但實(shí)際上不一定做得到）

can/could與beableto差別總結(jié)

can/couldbeableto

表請求或允許q

表推測q

表可能性N

表能力y

時態(tài)

用于過去時中含義

3.can/could的慣用語：

a.cannothelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事

>我情不自禁地笑了。

Icannothelp.

b.cannothelp/choosebutdosth.不得不,只能做某事

>我不得不告訴她真相。

Icannothelp/choosebut.

c.cannot...too+adj./adv.無論怎樣都不為過，越...越好

?你越小心越好。

Youcannottoo.

d.cannot...without沒有...就不能

>Onecannotsucceedwithoutperseverance.

沒有就不能。

e.couldnot+比較級=最高級

>—Goforapicnicthisweekend,OK?

—Icouldn'tagreemore.

★真題試煉*

1.（2023?吉林長春?統(tǒng)考中考真題）ThisbeAlice'sguitar.Hersisstillinmyhouse.

A.shouldB.can'tC.mustD.needn't

2.（2023?遼寧丹東?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Canyouswiminthisriver?

-.Ifstoodangerous.

A.Yes,IcanB.No,Ican'tC.Yes,youmayD.No,youneedn9t

3.（2023?遼寧?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一IsthisredjacketTony9s?

-No,itbehis.Hedoesn'tlikered.

A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.wouldn't

4.（2023?遼寧撫順?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thelovelyboyridethebikeattheageofsix.

A.mustB.couldC.needD.should

5.（2022?遼寧大連?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Wilson,youhelpmecarrytheboxupstairs?

——Sure,noproblem.

A.couldB.needC.shouldD?might

模塊二may/might用法分述O

1.may/might的基本形式和用法：

might是may的過去式，亦可作委婉語

a.表示請求或允許，意為“可以……”

>—MayIsmokehere?

—Yes,you.

—No,you.

b.表示對事實(shí)的不太確定的推測，意為“可能”

>Thegreatestfoolmayaskmorethanthewisestmancananswer.

c.may放在句首，表示祝愿

>場景連線：

i9

MayGodblessyou!*'***'**I^^^ongrandpasbirthday

Mayyousucceedinyourcaree?!*^^^—_■onthegraduationceremony

Mayweneverforgeteachother!ontheweddingceremony

1

Mayyoulivelongandprosperl/^^******111sli1tthemid-termexam

Mayyouloveforeverandhavealovelybabysoo9S?*.onthefarewelldinner

Maygoodfortunefindyouthisyear!duringtheSpringFestival

2.may/might的慣用語：

a.maywelldo理所當(dāng)然，有足夠的理由=havegoodreasonto

>我有足夠理由不去上學(xué)。

Imaywell.

b.may/mightaswelldo最好

>你最好呆在家里。

Youmay/mightaswell.

c.may/mightaswelldoAasdoB與其做B不如做A

>Onemayaswellnotknowathingatallasknowitbutimperfectly.

★真題試煉*

6.（2022?四川?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Ihelpyou,sir?

一Yes,rdliketotryonthoseblackshoes.

A.WillB.ShouldC.MustD.May

7.（2022?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Iuseyourglue?I'mmakingakite.

-Noproblem.Hereyouare.

A.ShouldB.NeedC.MustD.May

8.（2022?遼寧錦州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Willplantsgrowonotherplanets?

一Thatbetrue.Ifsreallydifficulttopredictthefuture.

A.mustn'tB.shouldC.needn'tD.may

9.（2023?山東荷澤?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Whereareyougoingthissummervacation?

-IgotoZibo,butFmnotsure.

A.mustB.needn'tC.might

10.（2022?湖南懷化?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一WhoseEnglishbookisthis?

-ItbeLily's,butI'mnotsure.

A.mightB.can'tC.must

模塊三1must/haveto用法分述

1.must的基本用法：

a.用于詢問、命令或建議，意為“必須"，mustn't意為“禁止”

>—Must/NeedIleavetheofficeafterfiveo'clock?

—Yes,you.

—No,you.

b.用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測，意為“一定”

>他現(xiàn)在一定在公司。

Heintheofficenow.

▼Attention,

must表對現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生的事情的推測時，must后面通常接be(doing)

比較：Youmustbesleepingnow.VS.Youmustsleepnow.

表猜測用法小結(jié):

對現(xiàn)在(正在進(jìn)行)對過去

肯定句

否定句

疑問句

c.must表示自然規(guī)律或必然結(jié)果，意為“必然,，

＞Allmenmustdie.

2.must與haveto的差別：

must意為"必須"時，與haveto的意思相同，但：

a.haveto表示客觀條件有所要求，must表示說話者主觀上認(rèn)為必要

＞他說他們必須努力工作。(主觀上要做這事)

Hesaidthattheyworkhard.

＞居民們不得不忍受廣場舞的噪音。

Theresidentsstandthenoiseofthepublicsquaredancing.

b.只有在間接引語中，must才能表示過去,

＞判斷下列句子對錯：_

c.在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中，don'thaveto表示“不必要%mustn't表示"不允許,,

＞你不一定要把此事告訴他。

Youtellhimthis.

＞你一定不要把這件事告訴他。

Youtellhimthis.

表“必須”比較：

musthaveto

主客觀

時態(tài)、人稱、數(shù)

的變化

用于過去時

否定形式含義

3.haveto補(bǔ)充說明：在口語中havegotto亦可表示義務(wù)和需要，與haveto基本同義

＞他現(xiàn)在必須走了。

(用havegotto)Hehasgottogo.

疑問句：togo?

否定句：Hetogo.

(用haveto)Hehastogo.

疑問句：togo?

否定句：Hetogo.

★真題試煉*

11.（2023?江蘇無錫?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Oh,comeon!youdoubteverythingIsay?Fmnota

three-year-old!

A.Can'tB.CanC.Mustn'tD.Must

12.（2023?湖北孝感?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Howbeautifulthepapercuttingis!Whomadeit?

一ItbeLinda.She'stheonlyonethatcanmakeitinourclass.

A.mustB.wouldC.canD.could

13.（2023?山東濱州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Thepapercuttingisprettylively.Whomadeit?

-ItbeMary.Noneofusexceptherisabletodoit.

A.canB.mustC.needD.might

14.（2022?江蘇淮安?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一MissLi.Idon'twanttosaysorrytoDaniel.

-I'mafraidyou.Afterall,youbrokehisglasses.

A.mayB.havetoC.mustn'tD.needn't

15.（2022?湖北荊州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一M汰e,Ican飛stopplayingcomputergames.

一Foryoureyes,mydearfriend,I'mafraidyou.

A.couldB.mayC.wouldD.haveto

模塊四1should/oughtto用法分述O

1.should的基本用法：

a.should表示勸告、建議、命令，意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)、要”，其同義詞是oughtto/besupposedto,

在疑問句中，通常用should代替oughtto

>Youshoulddoexercises.

=Youdoexercises.

=Youdoexercises.

b.用于表達(dá)合理的推斷，意為，，應(yīng)該”

>三點(diǎn)到了，足球賽應(yīng)該快要開始了。

Ifsthreeo9clock.Thefootballgamesoon.

c.用于虛擬語氣，意為，，應(yīng)當(dāng)”

>I(that)youfinishyourhomeworkfirst,(should)do

>IfIyou,Ishouldaccepttheirsuggestion.

>Nowhehastopayafine.Hehavetriedtostealaride.

▼Attention，

shouldhavedone本應(yīng)該做某事(而實(shí)際上沒有)

shouldifthavedone本不應(yīng)該做某事(而實(shí)際上做了)

d.表示義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)該做”，且表示一種道義上的責(zé)任

>Ishouldhelphimbecauseheisintrouble.

e.表示驚訝、憂慮、惋惜等情緒，意為，，竟會、竟然”

>Youcan'timaginethatawell-behavedgentlemanshouldbesorudetohisgirlfriend.

2.oughtto的用法：

>肯定句：Heoughttofinishthetask.

>一般疑問句：finishthetask?

>否定句：Hefinishthetask.

★真題試煉*

16.（2023?湖J匕武漢?統(tǒng)考中考真題）——Excuseme,butwewaitinlinetogetonthesubway.

-I'msorry.

A.mightB.wouldC.couldD.should

17.（2023?江蘇連云港?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Earthquakescanbeverydangerous.Welearntoprotect

ourselves.

A.mightB.shouldC.couldD.would

18.（2023?湖北恩施?統(tǒng)考一模）Ifyouwanttobeagreenerman,youshutoffthelightwhenleavinga

room.

A.dareB.oughttoC.would

19.（2023?福建寧德?統(tǒng)考二模）一Whoseropeisthis?

-ItbeTom's.HeusedthisblueropeintheP.E.classjustnow.

A.hadbetterB.oughttoC.usedto

20.（2022?江蘇常州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Toachieveourdream,werestonwhatwehavedone.

A.maynotB.shouldnotC.neednotD.couldnot

模塊五1need用法分述O

1.need的基本用法：請?jiān)谙卤韮?nèi)填空（dare跟need用法相同）

She,need/dare,go實(shí)義動詞情態(tài)動詞

therealone

現(xiàn)在Shegotherealone.

過去Shegotherealone.

否定Shegotherealone.Sheneedn't/daren'tgo

therealone.

疑問Doessheneed/daretoNeed/Dareshegothere

gotherealone?alone?

2.sth.needdoing是主動形式表示被動=needtobedone（見被動語態(tài)詳解）

>花園里的花需要澆水了。

Theflowersinthegardenneednow.

★真題試煉★

21.（2023?江蘇鎮(zhèn)江?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thenewappaboutfashionisreallyfreeandyoupaymoneyfor

it.

A.mayB.mustC.shouldn'tD.needn't

22.（2023?湖北荊州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Youtakethesubwaytotheairport,forIcandriveyouthere

directly.

一Thafsverykindofyou.

A.can'tB.needn'tC.mustn'tD.shouldn't

23.（2022?湖北黃石?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Mom,mustItidymyroomrightnow?

-No,you.Youcandoitafterbreakfast.

A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.can'tD.shouldn't

24.（2022-四川樂山?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一Mustweweartheschoolclothestomorrow,Mr.Wang?

一No,you.OnlyonMondays.TomorrowisTuesday.

A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.can't

25.（2023?內(nèi)蒙古興安盟?統(tǒng)考一模）一MustIfinishtheworktoday?

一No,you.ButyoufinishitbeforenextMonday.

A.mustn't;mustB.needn?t;needC.mustn?t;couldD.needn't;must

模塊六will/would用法分述O

1.表示恭謙的請求、建議等，常用于疑問句，would比will委婉客氣

>Wouldyoumindmyclosingthewindow?

2.表示意志、愿望和決心

>Iwillneverdothatagain.

3.表示估計(jì)或猜想

>Itwouldbeabouttenwhenhelefthome.

4.補(bǔ)充說明

a.wouldliketodo=wantto想要，為固定搭配

b.Wouldyoulike…？表示肯定含義的請求勸說時，疑問句中一般用some,而不是any

c.否定結(jié)箱中用wont一般不用wouldn5t,wonftyou是一種委婉語氣。

>Won'tyousitdown?

★真題試煉十

26.（2022?河北邯鄲?統(tǒng)考三模）一Mum,I'vesignedforabigboxbySFExpress（順豐快遞）.Whafsinit?

-I'mnotsure.Itbeapresentfromyouraunt.

A.mightB.mustC.shouldD.will

27.（2022?云南昆明?統(tǒng)考一模）一CanIparkmycarhere?

一No,you.Lookatthesign.Itsays“Noparking”.

A.won'tB.wouldn'tC.needn'tD.mustn't

28.（2022?遼寧葫蘆島?統(tǒng)考二模）一Mom,doyouknowwheremykeysare?Ican'tfindthem.

-I'mnotsure.Theybeinyourwhitebag.

A.shallB.mayC.willD.must

29.（2022?湖北武漢?武漢外國語學(xué)校（武漢實(shí)驗(yàn)外國語學(xué)校）?？寄M預(yù)測）Hepushedthedooragainand

again,butit_open.

A.wouldn'tB.mustn'tC.shouldn'tD.needn't

30.（2022?山東濟(jì)南?統(tǒng)考一模）一Nick,youliketojoinustothemuseum?

一Whynot?Lefsgo.

A.canB.couldC.wouldD.must

模塊七1wouldrather/hadbetter用法分述