八下英語(yǔ)第一單元重點(diǎn)單詞用法

八下英語(yǔ)第一單元重點(diǎn)單詞用法

1.literature(n.)-writtenworks,especiallythoseconsideredofsuperiororlastingartisticmerit

Example:TheNobelPrizeinLiteratureisawardedtoauthorswhohavemadeoutstandingcontributionstotheworldofliterature.

2.fiction(n.)-proseliterature,especiallyshortstoriesandnovels,thatdescribesimaginaryeventsandpeople

Example:Ienjoyreadingfictionbecauseitallowsmetoescapeintodifferentworldsandexplorediversecharacters.

3.non-fiction(n.)-prosewritingthatisbasedonfacts,realevents,andrealpeople

Example:Biographiesandhistoricalbooksareexamplesofnon-fictionastheyprovideinformationaboutrealpeopleandevents.

4.genre(n.)-acategoryortypeofliterature,art,ormusiccharacterizedbyaparticularform,style,orsubjectmatter

Example:Mystery,romance,sciencefiction,andfantasyaresomepopulargenresinliterature.

5.biography(n.)-anaccountofsomeone'slifewrittenbysomeoneelse

Example:IrecentlyreadabiographyofSteveJobs,whichprovidedinsightsintohisjourneyasavisionaryleader.

6.autobiography(n.)-awrittenaccountofaperson'sownlife

Example:NelsonMandela'sautobiography,"LongWalktoFreedom,"chronicleshisstruggleagainstapartheidinSouthAfrica.

7.novel(n.)-alongfictionalnarrativeinprose,typicallydescribingfictionalcharactersandeventsinastructuredplot

Example:"PrideandPrejudice"byJaneAustenisaclassicnovelthatexploresthethemesoflove,class,andsocietalexpectations.

8.shortstory(n.)-abriefworkoffictionthattypicallyfocusesonasinglecharacterorincident

Example:"TheGiftoftheMagi"byO.Henryisaheartwarmingshortstoryaboutsacrificeandthetruemeaningoflove.

9.poem(n.)-apieceofwritingthatexpressesemotions,ideas,orexperiencesinacompressedandimaginativeway,typicallyrhythmicallyandoftenwithrhyme

Example:MayaAngelou'spoem,"StillIRise,"isapowerfulexpressionofresilienceandovercomingadversity.

10.play(n.)-aformofliteraturewrittenforperformanceonstage,consistingofdialogueandactionsbycharacters

Example:WilliamShakespeare'splays,suchas"RomeoandJuliet"and"Hamlet,"aretimelessclassicsthathavebeenperformedforcenturies.

11.script(n.)-thewrittentextofaplay,movie,orbroadcast

Example:Theactorrehearsedhislinesfromthescripttoensurehedeliveredthemaccuratelyduringtheperformance.

12.character(n.)-aperson,animal,orfigurerepresentedinaliterarywork

Example:HarryPotterisawell-knownfictionalcharactercreatedbyauthorJ.K.Rowling.

13.plot(n.)-themaineventsofaplay,novel,movie,orsimilarwork,devisedandpresentedbythewriterasaninterrelatedsequence

Example:Theplotof"TheGreatGatsby"revolvesaroundJayGatsby'spursuitofhislostlove,DaisyBuchanan.

14.setting(n.)-theplaceortypeofsurroundingswheresomethingispositionedorwhereaneventtakesplace

Example:Thesettingof"ToKillaMockingbird"byHarperLeeisthefictionaltownofMaycomb,Alabama,inthe1930s.

15.theme(n.)-themainsubjectorunderlyingmessageexploredinaliterarywork

Example:ThethemeofloveandsacrificeisprominentinmanyShakespeareanplays,including"RomeoandJuliet"and"Macbeth."

16.symbolism(n.)-theuseofsymbolstorepresentideasorqualities

Example:In"TheScarletLetter"byNathanielHawthorne,thescarletletteritselfsymbolizesthesinandshameoftheprotagonist,HesterPrynne.

17.metaphor(n.)-afigureofspeechinwhichawordorphraseisappliedtoanobjectoractiontowhichitisnotliterallyapplicable

Example:"Alltheworld'sastage"isametaphorfromShakespeare'splay"AsYouLikeIt,"comparinglifetoaperformance.

18.simile(n.)-afigureofspeechinvolvingthecomparisonofonethingwithanotherthingofadifferentkind,using"like"or"as"

Example:"Sheisasbraveasalion"isasimilethatcomparessomeone'sbraverytothecourageofalion.

19.imagery(n.)-visuallydescriptiveorfigurativelanguage,especiallyinaliterarywork

Example:Thepoet'suseofvividimageryhelpedthereadervisualizethebeautyofthesunsetdescribedinthepoem.

20.narrative(n.)-aspokenorwrittenaccountofconnectedevents,astory

Example:Thenarrativeof"TheOdyssey"byHomerfollowstheepicjourneyofOdysseusasheattemptstoreturnhomeaftertheTrojanWar.

21.protagonist(n.)-theleadingcharacterorheroofaliteraryworkExample:In"TheLordoftheRings,"FrodoBagginsservesastheprotagonistwhomustdestroytheOneRingtosaveMiddle-earth.22.antagonist(n.)-thecharacterinastorywhoisinconflictwiththeprotagonistExample:ProfessorMoriartyistheantagonistinSirArthurConanDoyle'sSherlockHolmesstories,constantlyclashingwiththedetective.23.climax(n.)-thepointofgreatestintensityorinterestinaliterarywork,oftentheturningpointintheplotExample:Theclimaxof"JurassicPark"occurswhenthedinosaursescapetheirenclosuresandthecharactersmustfightforsurvival.24.resolution(n.)-thepartofaliteraryworkwheretheconflictisresolvedandthestorycomestoaconclusionExample:In"Charlotte'sWeb,"theresolutioncomeswhenWilburissavedfrombeingslaughtered,thankstoCharlotte'scleverplan.25.foreshadowing(n.)-theuseofhintsorcluestosuggestwhatwillhappenlaterinastoryExample:Theauthor'sforeshadowingthroughout"HarryPotterandtheSorcerer'sStone"hintsatthetrueidentityofProfessorQuirrell.26.tone(n.)-thewriter'sattitudetowardthesubjectoraudience,asconveyedthroughthestyleandlanguageoftheliteraryworkExample:Thetoneof"TheCatcherintheRye"byJ.D.Salingerismarkedbyitsteenageprotagonist'ssarcasmanddisillusionment.27.irony(n.)-asituation,character,orstatementthatiscontradictorytowhatisexpectedorintended,oftenforhumorousorsarcasticeffectExample:In"AnimalFarm,"GeorgeOrwellemploysironybyportrayingthepigsgraduallyadoptingthebehaviorstheyinitiallyrebelledagainst.28.alliteration(n.)-theoccurrenceofthesameletterorsoundatthebeginningofadjacentorcloselyconnectedwordsExample:Thephrase"PeterPiperpickedapeckofpickledpeppers"isanexampleofalliteration,asitrepeatsthe"p"sound.29.consonance(n.)-therepetitionofconsonantsounds,especiallyattheendofwords,tocreateamusicaleffectExample:Theline"Consciencedoesmakecowardsofusall"from"Hamlet"demonstratesconsonancewiththe"s"soundattheendofmultiplewords.30.assonance(n.)-therepetitionofvowelsounds,especiallywithinashortpassage,tocreateamusicaleffectExample:Thephrase"Andthesilken,sad,uncertainrustlingofeachpurplecurtain"from"TheRaven"byEdgarAllanPoeshowcasesassonancewiththe"u"sound.31.rhythm(n.)-thepatternofstressedandunstressedsyllablesinalineorpassageofpoetryorproseExample:TherhythmofDr.Seuss'swritingisoneofthedefiningfeaturesofhischildren'sbooks,makingthemfuntoreadaloud.32.rhyme(n.)-awordorlinewhosesoundcorrespondstoanotherwordorline,oftenusedinpoetryExample:"TheTyger"byWilliamBlakeusesrhymingcoupletstocreatealyricalandrepetitiveeffect,enhancingthepoem'stheme.33.stanza(n.)-agroupoflinesformingthebasicrecurringmetricalunitinapoemExample:Asonnetconsistsof14-linestanzas,followingaspecificrhymeschemeandmeter.34.freeverse(n.)-poetrythatdoesnotfollowaregularmeterorrhymescheme,allowingformorefreedominexpressionExample:WaltWhitman's"LeavesofGrass"isanotableexampleoffreeversepoetry,breakingtraditionalpoeticconventions.35.epic(n.)-alongpoem,book,orfilmthattypicallydescribesaseriesofeventsinvolvingheroiccharactersanddealingwithg