閱讀理解猜測詞義課件高考英語二輪復習

閱讀理解解題技巧

之猜測詞義

lookthemupinthedictionary查字典ignorethemandcontinuereading跳讀guessthemeaning猜詞義——文中意思01構詞法派生法（Derivation）【前綴/后綴】合成(Compounding)

轉化法（Conversion）構詞法派生法（Derivation）---詞綴法前綴suffix:1.pre-reading,preview,prepay2.rewrite,reconsider,reuse3.disagree,dislike,disappear4.miniskirt,minibus

5.incorrect,indirect,impossible6.foretell,forecast,forehead7.semicircle,semi-final8.antiwar,anti-Japanesewar8.microphone,microwave9.underground,underachiever10.supermarket,superman11.postwar,post-reading12.unfair,unhappy13.irregular,irresistable14.

misunderstand,mislead15.overhead,overeat,overuse

16.subway,submarine17.international,interactive18.transcentury,transnational

1.Heknewhowthedarknessanddullnessofwinteralwaysgotmedown.2.Myfathermovingaroundmysteriously3.Iinventedasuccessfulvariationofbaseball.

4.Ihadtolearnmylimitations.5.Shespokeslowlywithsomebitterness.神秘地變化形式，不同版本限制悲慘

找后綴，猜測詞義

__________黑暗沉悶____________________Conclusion:

regular(adj.)有規(guī)律的irregular(adj.)_____regularly(adv.)_____前綴后綴prefix________(prefix/suffix)changesthemeaningofthewordsand_________(prefix/suffix)changesthepartofspeech(詞性)ofthewords.suffix有規(guī)律地沒有規(guī)律的前綴&后綴合成(Compounding)

writedownthemeaningoftheunderlinedwords.1.Thereisnodoubtthatamajorityofparentsareoverworked,andoverscheduled

._________________2.Whenaskedwhyhefailedtopasstheexam,Tomsaidhehadalwaysbeenabsent-minded

intheclassrecently._____________3.I’mself-employed

jobber,whichmeansIworkformyselfanddowhatIlove.______________4.Hisdrivinglicence

wassuspendedbecauseofdrunkdriving.

____________________過度勞累日程過滿心不在焉的自由職業(yè)的駕照轉化法（Conversion）Task4:writedownthemeaningandpartofspeechoftheunderlinedwords.1.Womenshouldertheburdenofchildcare._____________2.Weopeneddoorsandwindowstoairoutthehouse._____________3.Immediateactionshouldbetakentobettertheenvironment._____________4.AdictionaryisamustforEnglishlearning._____________5.Itisnotwhatwedoonceinawhilethatshapesourlives,butwhatwedoconsistently._____________

vt.承擔vt.給…通風vt.改善；使更好n.必須做的事v.塑造語境法猜測詞義Technique1:_______________1.Apersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjectsiscalledacarpenter.2.Hisuncleisazoologist,anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals.3.Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout65,000yuanayear.4.Weareonthenightshift---frommidnightto8a.m.---thisweek.木工動物學家牧羊人夜班1.Apersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjectsiscalledacarpenter.2.Hisuncleisazoologist,anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals.3.Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout65,000yuanayear.4.Weareonthenightshift---frommidnightto8a.m.---thisweek.Conclusion:定義或釋義關系常由:①由________從句，或由②__________________________________等詞匯或③________號來表示?；蛴散躝_________________________________________________引出一些具體的解釋性的短語放在生詞后做它的同位語，用逗號隔開，構成同位關系。定語________________________________________________becalled;beknownas,bedefinedas

破折號is,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,toputitanotherway________________________________________Technique1定義/釋義Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostasplumpasmother,andmuchshorter.圓胖的Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isverythrifty.節(jié)約的Technique2:_______________1.Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostasplumpasmother,andmuchshorter.2.Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isverythrifty.1.fataspumpas...plump2.wastemoneyhoweverthirftyConclusion:由________________________________等連接的兩個詞構成同義關系；表轉折關系的詞常有________________________________________________________________________________等。and,or,like,as…as,thesameasbut,while,however,insteadof,ratherthan,unlike,yet,otherwise,though,onthecontraryTechnique2同義/反義Technique3:_______________1.Theriverissoturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow.2.SinceIcouldnotaffordtopurchasetheoriginalpainting,Iboughtareplica.Aninexperiencedeyecouldnottellthedifference.3.He’ssuchashrewdbusinessmanthathelosesnomoneyinanytrade.4.Shewantedthehairdressertotrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.渾濁的復制品精明的修剪Conclusion:常用關聯(lián)詞，如____________________________等來表示前因后果。because,as,since,for,so,thus,asaresult,so,so…that,such…that,thereforeTechnique3因果關系Technique4:_______________1.Onthefarmtheymainlyraisepoultry,suchaschickens,ducksandgeese,fortheireggsandmeat.2.Thenewcoupleboughtalotofhouseholdappliances,suchaswashingmachine,fridgeandmicrowaveovenect.Conclusion:常用_______________________________等引出例子，可根據(jù)例子隸屬的類別歸納出總稱即是詞義,因此我們要注意_________詞的積累。家禽家電suchas,like,forexample,forinstance上下義Technique4舉例歸納Technique5:_______________1.Whenyouthrowastoneintostillwaterofalake,youwillwatcharipplespreadinringsonthesurfaceofwater.2.Metalexpandswhenheatedandcontractswhencooled.3.Inthestrongwind,thebeggarshiveredwiththeterriblecold.波紋膨脹冷縮顫抖生活經(jīng)驗，生活常識，邏輯推理Tomcan’tfindhissneakers.A.moneyB.bowlsC.shoesD.balls●Tomcan’tfindhiswhitesneakers.●Tomcan’tplaytennisnowbecausehecan’tfindhiswhitesneakers.Technique6:_______________上下文4.舉例歸納1.定義/釋義

2.同義反義語境法猜測詞義3.因果關系5.生活經(jīng)驗2.同義反義6.上下推斷［典型例題］1.WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimate

alargepartoftheseresources.推斷單詞的含義

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate”mean?A.acquire B.exportC.destroy D.distribute反義詞法舉例歸納法Whatdoestheunderlinedword"restless"mean?A.disappointed

B.serious

C.nervous

D.impatient4.Abagisusefulandtheword"bag"isuseful.Itgivesussomeinterestingphrases.Oneis"toletthecatoutofthebag".Itisthesameas"totellasecret"….John"letsthecatoutofthebag"meanshe______.A.makeseveryoneknowasecret B.thewomanboutacatC.buysacatinthebag Dsellsthecatinthebag定義/釋義5.OneoftheverybestvarietiesforeatingqualityisOrleansReinette,butyou'llneedawarm,shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit,soit'sapipedreamformostappleloverswhofallforit.Theunderlinedphrase"apipedream"means_______.A.Apracticalidea.B.AvainhopeC.Abrilliantplan.D.Aselfishdesire因果關系法6.RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoslowglobalwarming.CurrentlythetreesintheAmazontakeinaround500milliontonsofCO2eachyear.Theunderlinedphrase"moppingup"means_______.A.cleaningupB.takinginC.wipingoutD.givingup常識法“Small-townswot”isnomockingmatter

Memeson“xiaozhenzuotijia’’,or“small-townswot”---atermpeoplehavecoinedtodescribethosefromruralareawhoworkedhardtogetadmissiontoauniversity-arebackonChinesenetworkingsites.

Thetermisnothingnewandwasonceusedbythosefromhumblebeginningsinaself-mockingwayorbyotherswhomockedthemforlackingbordervisionandsocialresources,butitisalsoproofoffairnessineducationandemploymentopportunitiesandclassmobility.Notlongago,netizensusedtoridiculetheirruralcounterpartsbysayingtheycansolvequestionsonexampapersbutlackedflexibilityevenblamingthemforworkingovertime.Itledtothosewithhumblebeginningsfeelinglikemisfits.

However,thisclearlydoesnotholdwateranymore.Somanyruralyoungpeoplehavegotabetterlifeaftergaokao,dubbedoneofthemostgruelingexamintheworld,whichdetermineswhichuniversitiesittakescanattendonthebasisoftheirscores.Thankstohighereducation,manyyoungstersfromhumblebeginningsgotbrighterjobprospectsandsocialmobility.“Small-townswot”isnomockingmatter

Memeson“xiaozhenzuotijia’’,or“small-townswot’’---atermpeoplehavecoinedtodescribethosefromruralareawhoworkedhardtogetadmissiontoauniversity-arebackonChine