河南省鄭州市2023-2024學年高二上學期1月期末英語試題【含答案解析】

鄭州市2023-2024學年上期期末考試高二英語試題卷注意事項：本試卷分四部分，考試時間120分鐘，滿分150分?？忌鷳紫乳喿x答題卡上的文字信息，然后在答題卡上作答，在試題卷上作答無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthewomando?A.Gotothebathroom.B.Checktheman’sbag.C.Watchtheman’sbag.2.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Relatives.B.Colleagues.C.Classmates.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthehotel.B.Attheparty.C.Attherestaurant.4.Whatdotheythinkoftheweatherreport?A.Worrying.B.Unreliable.C.Accurate.5.WhichofthefollowingisbotheringDick?A.Hislowpay.B.Hisbusyschedule.C.Hisheavyworkload.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whendoesthepartystart?A.At8:00.B.At7:15.C.At7:30.7Whatproblemisthemanfacing?A.Hedoesn’tknowtheway.B.Heisrunningoutoftime.C.Heisstuckinthetrafficjam.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatcanbeknownaboutthewoman?A.Shedirectedthemusical.B.Shehadnotalentfordancing.C.Shestoppeddancingduetoanaccident.9.Whydoesthewomanlovegoingtomusicals?A.Shelikesthearts.B.Shemissesdancing.C.Sheenjoysseeingdancers.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhyisChrisunhappy?A.Hisfriendwashurt.B.Hewaslateforclass.C.Hisfriendwasseriouslyill.11.WhathappenedtoGreg?A.Hewashitbyacar.B.Hehurthisheadbadly.C.Hegothurtonhiswayhome.12.Wherewillthetwospeakersmeet?A.Atthehospital.B.Attheschoolgate.C.Atthebusstop.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisamustfortheposition?A.LevelBincomputerengineering.BHands-onprogrammingexperience.C.Skillsrelatedtodevelopingapplications.14.WhatkindofpersonisDavidaccordingtohisdescription?A.Skillful.B.Hard-working.C.Open-minded.15.HowdoesCathyfeelaboutDavid?A.Doubtful.B.Pleased.C.Uninterested.16.WhenwillDavidhearfromthecompany?A.Withinafewweeks.B.Withinamonth.C.Withinaweek.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whomightthespeakerbe?A.Atourguide.B.Abusdriver.C.Asalesperson.18.WhatisillegalinLosCabos?A.Eatingonabus.B.Beingdrunkinpublic.C.Drinkingwine.19.WhomightconsiderCabosSanLucasanidealdestination?A.Hikinglovers.B.Fansofhistoricsites.C.Watersportslovers.20.WherecantouristslearnaboutthepackagesSuntanToursoffers?A.Fromstreetsellers.B.Atthehoteltheyareheadingto.C.Intomorrow’sinformationexchange.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AKewGardensisnotonlyapopulartouristdestinationinLondon,butalsoabotanicalgardenandaresearchcenterthathasthelargestcollectionoflivingplantsatasinglesite.So,let’sexploretheRoyalBotanicalGardenswithCGTN’sreporterRobynDwyer.PalmHouseThefirststopisthePalmHouse,agiantindoorrainforestwithawiderangeofplants.Visitorscanenjoytheseuniqueplantswhileresearcherscanstudythesecretsoftheseplants.EatableplantssuchascocoatreeandAfricanoilpalmareallpreservedheretokeepthediversityoffoodresources.Atthesametime,ithousesmanymedicaluseplants,includingsomethatareusedtotreatcancer.TemperateHouseKnownastheworld’slargestVictorianglasshouse,theTemperateHouseishometo1,500speciesofplantsfromtemperateregionsoftheworld.Someofthespecieskeptherehavegoneextinctinthewild,suchasEncephalartoswoodii,acycadfromSouthAfrica.AndsomearealreadyextinctlikeSaintHelenaolive,buttheKewhasstoreditsDNA.Mediterranean(地中海)GardenIntheMediterraneanGarden,onecanseeplantsfromtheSouthernEurope,suchasrosemary,olivesandcorkoak.Walkinginthegarden,onecanfeelthenon-indoorvibe(氛圍)oftheMediterraneanandlearnabouttheeconomicaswellasscientificusesoftheseplants.OnInternationalDayforBiologicalDiversitythisyear,joinCGTNtotravelaroundtheworld’snationalparksandreservesacrosssevencontinents.OurnextprogramistovisitpenguinsandsealsintheAntarcticIceAquariumNorway.1.Whatdothethreeplaceshaveincommon?A.Theyallstoreplantsformedicaluse.B.Theyallhaveplantsofeconomicvalue.C.Theyallhouseplantsofsevencontinents.D.Theyallownplantsforscientificresearch.2.Whichonesuitsavisitorpreferringoutdoorsites?A.PalmHouse. B.TemperateHouse.C.MediterraneanGarden. D.AntarcticIceAquarium.3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.ATVtravelprogram. B.Abiodiversityessay.C.Atraveladvertisement. D.Abotanicaldictionary.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了倫敦KewGardens的具體情況?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“KewGardensisnotonlyapopulartouristdestinationinLondon,butalsoabotanicalgardenandaresearchcenterthathasthelargestcollectionoflivingplantsatasinglesite.(邱園不僅是倫敦一個受歡迎的旅游目的地，也是一個植物園和一個研究中心，在每一個站點都擁有最大的活植物收藏。)”可知，這三個地方的共同點是擁有用于科學研究的植物。故選D。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Walkinginthegarden,onecanfeelthenon-indoorvibeoftheMediterraneanandlearnabouttheeconomicaswellasscientificusesoftheseplants.(走在花園里，人們可以感受到地中?；▓@的非室內(nèi)氛圍，并了解這些植物的經(jīng)濟和科學用途。)”可知，MediterraneanGarden(地中?；▓@)適合喜歡戶外場地的游客。故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“KewGardensisnotonlyapopulartouristdestinationinLondon,butalsoabotanicalgardenandaresearchcenterthathasthelargestcollectionoflivingplantsatasinglesite.So,let’sexploretheRoyalBotanicalGardenswithCGTN’sreporterRobynDwyer.(邱園不僅是倫敦一個受歡迎的旅游目的地，也是一個植物園和一個研究中心，在單一地點擁有最大的活植物收藏。所以，讓我們和中國國際電視臺的記者羅賓·德懷爾一起探索皇家植物園。)”可知，這篇文章很可能取自一部由中國國際電視臺的記者羅賓·德懷爾主持的旅游電視節(jié)目。故選A。BRecently,myhusbandandthreekidswereplayingintheMediterranean,swimmingandfloatinginthepicture-perfectsea.ItwasextremelybeautifulinMajorca,Spain.Thewaythesundancedacrossthewaterandhowthebluehorizonwasdottedwithstorybooksailboatsweresuchbeautifulscenes.Ialmostcouldn’tbelievemyeyes.MyhusbandandIalwaysdreamedabouttakingourkidsonatriparoundtheworld.Itwassomethingwealwayswantedtodo“oneday”.Itwasoneofthethingswetalkedatlengthabout,whenweimaginedourlifewiththechildrenwehopedwewouldhave.Fourteenyearslater,wehadthreeboyswhoweregrowingupfasterbytheday.Itwastimetomakegoodonthoseplans.Wespentdozensofhoursdiscussing,researchingandplanning.Wehadtolearnhowto“roadschool”ourkidsandarrangetimeofffromwork.Werenewedourpassports,andthenpackedourbags.Weshowedourkidstheworld.Itwasaboutexperiencingthedozensofflightsandtrainsandtaxistogether.Weshowedthemhowwonderful,howdiverse,andhowamazingtheworldis.Wewantedthemtolearnallthatwehadlearnedourselves,throughourowntravelsasyoungadults.Buttherewassomethingmorethanthat:Whatwereallywantedistoslowdowntime.Wewantedthedaystolastabitlonger,andtheweekstotaketheirtime.Theyearswithourchildrenaregoingtoofast.Wewantedtoputthebrakeson(阻止)ourbusylivesforayear,andjustbewithourkids.Wewantedabreakfromthedailymorningroutineofmakinglunches,eatingbreakfastandrushingoutofthedoorintimeforschool.Weneededafamilytime-out.Itwasawonderfultwo-monthtripinEurope,fullofincrediblemoments.Andwhenwelookbackatourlives,Iknowwe’llbegladwedidit.Iknowwe’llbehappythatthisisachapterofthestoryofourfamily.4.Whatwastheauthor’sattitudetowardthetripwhenplanningit?A.Worried. B.Calm. C.Stressed. D.Eager.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“makegoodon”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Change. B.Realize. C.Improve. D.Cancel.6.Whatwastheauthor’smainpurposeoftakingthistrip?A.Toteachherchildrentovaluelife.B.Toallowherchildrentoseetheworld.C.Toenjoyafamilybreakawayfromtheirliferoutine.D.Toenableherchildrentolearnsomethingoutofclass.7.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheirtwo-monthstayinEurope?A.Tired. B.Satisfied. C.Inspired. D.Disappointed.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和丈夫還有三個孩子一起度過了美妙的兩個月的歐洲之旅，帶著孩子們?nèi)キh(huán)游世界是作者和丈夫一直想要做的事情，對于這次旅行，作者感到很滿意。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“MyhusbandandIalwaysdreamedabouttakingourkidsonatriparoundtheworld.Itwassomethingwealwayswantedtodo“oneday”.Itwasoneofthethingswetalkedatlengthabout,whenweimaginedourlifewiththechildrenwehopedwewouldhave.(我和丈夫一直夢想著帶孩子去環(huán)游世界。這是我們一直想有一天做的事情。當我們想象著我倆和孩子們想要擁有的生活時，這是我們詳細談論的事情之一。)可知，計劃這次旅行時，作者對旅行充滿了渴望，故選D項。【5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段的“MyhusbandandIalwaysdreamedabouttakingourkidsonatriparoundtheworld.Itwassomethingwealwayswantedtodo“oneday”.Itwasoneofthethingswetalkedatlengthabout,whenweimaginedourlifewiththechildrenwehopedwewouldhave.(我和丈夫一直夢想著帶孩子去環(huán)游世界。這是我們一直想有一天做的事情。當我們想象著我倆和孩子們想要擁有的生活時，這是我們詳細談論的事情之一。)”可知，作者和丈夫計劃和孩子去旅行；根據(jù)第四段中的“Itwasaboutexperiencingthedozensofflightsandtrainsandtaxistogether.Weshowedthemhowwonderful,howdiverse,andhowamazingtheworldis.Wewantedthemtolearnallthatwehadlearnedourselves,throughourowntravelsasyoungadults.(它是關于一起經(jīng)歷幾十次飛行、火車和出租車的旅行。我們向他們展示了這個世界是多么奇妙、多樣和迷人。我們希望他們作為年輕人能從我們自己的旅行中學到一切。)”可知，作者和丈夫計劃和孩子“實現(xiàn)”了此前的旅行計劃，因此根據(jù)第三段的“Fourteenyearslater,wehadthreeboyswhoweregrowingupfasterbytheday.Itwastimetomakegoodon thoseplans.(14年后，我們有了三個男孩，他們一天比一天快。是時候……這些計劃了。)”可知，作者的旅行計劃到了該去“實現(xiàn)”的時候，故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Wewantedtoputthebrakesonourbusylivesforayear,andjustbewithourkids.Wewantedabreakfromthedailymorningroutineofmakinglunches,eatingbreakfastandrushingoutofthedoorintimeforschool.Weneededafamilytime-out.(我們想讓忙碌的生活停止一年，只和孩子們在一起。我們想從每天早上做午餐、吃早餐和趕時間出門上學的日常生活中解脫出來。我們?nèi)胰诵枰菹⒁幌隆?”可知，作者這次旅行的主要目的是享受家庭生活，從忙碌的生活中解脫出來，故選C項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Itwasawonderfultwo-monthtripinEurope,fullofincrediblemoments.Andwhenwelookbackatourlives,Iknowwe’llbegladwedidit.Iknowwe’llbehappythatthisisachapterofthestoryofourfamily.(這是一次美妙的兩個月歐洲之旅，充滿了令人難以置信的時刻。當我們回顧我們的生活時，我知道我們會很高興我們做到了。我知道我們也會很高興這是我們家庭故事的一章。)”可知，作者對兩個月的歐洲旅行感到很滿意，故選B項。CRecentvideosclaimingthataschoolinGanzhou,Jiangxi,servespre-mademealstoitsstudentshavecausedheateddiscussionsacrossthecountry.Peopledoubtifpre-mademeals,despitebeingconvenient,arehealthyandnutritiousenoughforgrowingteenagers.Pre-mademealsrefertohalf-finishedorfinisheddishesthatarealreadycookedorprepared,accordingtotheChinaCuisineAssociation.Thereareseveraltypesofpre-madefoods,includingready-to-eatfood,suchascannedfoodorcookedfoodinpackages,andready-to-heatorready-to-cookfood,whichrequiresheatingorcookingbeforebeingserved.Manypeopletendtothinkthatready-to-heatandready-to-cookfoodsarelessnutritiousbecausetheyusuallyneedtobekeptinfreezersorrefrigerators.“Actuallyfreezingdoesnotcausealossofnutrients,”LiuJunya,a33-year-olddietitianinBeijing,toldTeens.“Nutrientlosstypicallyoccursduringtheheatingorfryingprocess.”VitaminsfromtheBgroupandvitaminCfoundinmeatandvegetablesareheat-sensitiveandcanbelostduringtheprocess.Bybeingheatedorcookedtwiceormore,“pre-madefoodscanbelessnutritiousthanfreshlypreparedandcookedfoods,”Liusaid.Meanwhile,“manypre-madefoodcompaniesweightasteovernutrition,”saidLiu.Thisleadstohigherlevelsofsaltandsugarinthefood,whichmayleadtohealthproblems.Additives(添加劑)arealsoamajorconcernrelatedtopre-madefoods.InChina,therearestrictstandardsforfoodadditives.Currently,China’sfoodindustryhaswell-developedtechniquestopreservepre-madefoodswithouttheoveruseofadditives.Somefoodcanbesterilized(消毒)andthensealedaftercooking,followedbylow-temperaturestorage,allowingforalongershelflife.However,it’sessentialthatcustomersbuypre-mademealsfromqualifiedfoodcompaniesorsupermarkets.Itishopedthatregulations(管理)onpre-mademealscanbestrengthenedtobetterensurenutritionandhygiene.“Thisway,pre-mademealswillbemoreacceptedbythepublic,”Liusaid.8.Whatcanbelearnedaboutpre-mademealsfromthepassage?A.Theyareusuallycostlyandtasty.B.Theytastebetterthanhomemadefood.C.Theyarealreadypartlyorfullycooked.D.Theyarehighinsugar,saltandvitamins.9.WhendoesLiuJunyathinknutrientlosstypicallyoccursinpre-madefoods?A.Duringcooking. B.Duringfreezing.C.Duringpackaging. D.Duringsterilizing.10.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestconsumersdoaboutpre-mademeals?A.Keeppre-mademealsfrozen. B.Checkthecookinginstructions.C.Becarefuloftheadditivesused. D.Buyfromreliablefoodsuppliers.11.WhatdoesLiuJunyathinkofpre-mademeals?A.Theyareaconvenientchoiceforall.B.Theyaresuitablefordailyconsumption.C.Theyshoudbeavoidedforlong-termhealth.D.Theycanbemoreacceptedifcontrolledproperly.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了預制餐不為大眾所接受的原因并且提出監(jiān)管得當才能保證其營養(yǎng)健康?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Pre-mademealsrefertohalf-finishedorfinisheddishesthatarealreadycookedorprepared,accordingtotheChinaCuisineAssociation.(根據(jù)中國烹飪協(xié)會的說法，預制餐是指已經(jīng)煮熟或準備好的半成品或成品菜肴)”可知，預制餐指的是已經(jīng)烹飪或準備好的半成品或成品菜肴。故選C。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Nutrientlosstypicallyoccursduringtheheatingorfryingprocess.(營養(yǎng)損失通常發(fā)生在加熱或油炸過程中)”可知，營養(yǎng)流失通常發(fā)生在烹飪過程中。故選A?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“However,it’sessentialthatcustomersbuypre-mademealsfromqualifiedfoodcompaniesorsupermarkets.(然而，消費者必須從合格的食品公司或超市購買預制食品)”可知，消費者應該從可靠的來源購買預制餐。選D?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Itishopedthatregulationsonpre-mademealscanbestrengthenedtobetterensurenutritionandhygiene.“Thisway,pre-mademealswillbemoreacceptedbythepublic,”Liusaid.(人們希望加強對預制食品的監(jiān)管，以更好地確保營養(yǎng)和衛(wèi)生?！斑@樣的話，預制飯菜將更容易被公眾接受，”劉說)”可知，如果監(jiān)管得當，預制飯菜將更容易被公眾接受。故選D。DSince2001,robotictoolshavegreatlyaffectedthepracticeofsurgery(外科手術).Theyhavereducedthestressandphysicaldemandsnormallyplacedonsurgeonsandhavemadecertainprocedurespossible.Oneexampleis“keyholesurgery”,whichnormallyrequiressurgeonstostandatawkwardanglesandmakedifficultmovementswiththeirhandstomakeacutinsidethepatient.ButinJune2022,surgeonJamesAnsellused3Dglassesandtwojoysticks(操縱桿)tocontrolfourroboticarmstoperformaproceduretoremoveacanceroustumor(癌癥腫瘤).“Mycolleaguesaidthatthisfeelslikecheating,”AnsellsaidtoTheGuardian.Anotherareaofsurgerythathashadmajortechnologicalbreakthroughsinrecentyearsistelesurgery.Telesurgery,orremotesurgery,istheuseoftechnologythatallowsasurgeontoperformaprocedureonapatientnotinthesamephysicallocation.Normally,telesurgeryreliesonawiredconnectionforfearthatawirelessconnectiondropsduringsurgery.ButChinahasmadeseveraladvancementsinwirelesstelesurgerybasedon5Gtechnology.Chinaachievedthefirst5G-basedremoteoperationinMarch2019involvingabrainsurgeryprocedurebetweenasurgeoninSanyaandapatientinBeijing,adistancetotalingnearly3,000kilometers,reportedCGTN.Morerecently,ateamofsurgeonssuccessfullycompletedremotemicron-leveleyesurgeryonrabbitslocatedinadifferentcity,reportedChinaDaily.TherabbitswereattheSunYat-senUniversityinGuangzhou,Guangdongprovince,butthesurgicalteamwhooperatedonthemviaa5GrobotwereattheHainanEyeHospitalinHaikou,Hainanprovince.Lookingtothefuture,peoplehopethatremotesurgerycouldbecomecommontohelphealinjuredsoldiersonthebattlefieldwhilekeepingsurgeonsatasafedistance.Someevenbelievethatroboticsystems,combinedwithAI,couldonedaysurpass(超過)humansurgeons.But,inconsiderationofcurrenttechnologicallimitationsandthehighcostsoftheserobots,thecompleterobottakeoverofsurgerymaystillhavealongwaytogo.12.Whatdoesthe“keyholesurgery”exampleintendtoshow?A.Thedifficultyofroboticsurgery.B.Theprogressachievedbyrobotictools.C.Theneedforadvanced5Dtechnology.D.Thephysicalchallengessurgeonsface.13.WhatgreatachievementhasChinamadeinthefieldoftelesurgery?A.Achievingremotesurgeryusingawiredconnection.B.Completingremoteeyesurgeryonhumanssuccessfully.C.Doingthefirstwirelessbrainsurgerywith5Gtechnology.D.Conductingthefirst5G-basedremoteoperationonrabbits.14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutrobotsinthemedicalfield?A.Theystillneedimproving.B.Theyhavebeenwidelyadopted.C.Theyarecurrentlyingreatdemand.D.Theyhavesurpassedhumancapabilities.15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsofroboticsurgery.B.China’sachievementsinsurgery.C.Thedevelopmentinmedicalrobotics.D.Theuseof5Gtechnologyinroboticsurgery.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是醫(yī)療機器人技術的進步。機器人工具在手術實踐中引起了巨大的變化。它們大大減輕了外科醫(yī)生通常承受的壓力和體力要求，并使某些手術成為可能?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Since2001,robotictoolshavegreatlyaffectedthepracticeofsurgery(外科手術).Theyhavereducedthestressandphysicaldemandsnormallyplacedonsurgeonsandhavemadecertainprocedurespossible.(自2001年以來，機器人工具已經(jīng)徹底改變了手術實踐。它們大大減輕了外科醫(yī)生通常承受的壓力和體力要求，并使某些手術成為可能。)”可知，第二段“keyholesurgery”是對第一段的舉例，即機器人工具帶來的進步。故選B項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Chinaachievedthefirst5G-basedremoteoperationinMarch2019involvingabrainsurgeryprocedurebetweenasurgeoninSanyaandapatientinBeijing,adistancetotalingnearly3,000kilometers,reportedCGTN.(據(jù)CGTN報道，2019年3月，中國實現(xiàn)了第一次基于5G的遠程手術，在三亞的一名外科醫(yī)生和北京的一名患者之間進行了腦部手術，距離總計近3000公里。)”可知，中國在遠程手術方面實現(xiàn)了第一次基于5G的腦部手術。故選C項。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“But,inconsiderationofcurrenttechnologicallimitationsandthehighcostsoftheserobots,thecompleterobottakeoverofsurgerymaystillhavealongwaytogo.(但是，考慮到目前的技術限制和這些機器人的高昂成本，機器人完全接管手術可能還有很長的路要走。)”可知，機器人運用在醫(yī)學領域的成本很高，由此可推斷，他們的發(fā)展還有很長的路要走，還需要不斷改善。故選A項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Since2001,robotictoolshavegreatlyaffectedthepracticeofsurgery(外科手術).Theyhavereducedthestressandphysicaldemandsnormallyplacedonsurgeonsandhavemadecertainprocedurespossible.(自2001年以來，機器人工具已經(jīng)徹底改變了手術實踐。它們大大減輕了外科醫(yī)生通常承受的壓力和體力要求，并使某些手術成為可能。)”以及通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了醫(yī)療機器人技術的進步。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Haveyoueverhadtowaitinlineatastoreandfoundyourselfavoidingeyecontact,whetherwithemployeesorothercustomers?Youmayhopeitiseasiertomeetnewpeopleorfeelateaseataparty.____16____Thisarticlewillshowhowtoreachouttoothersandstartpotentialfriendships.●Stopworryingabouttheoutcome.____17____Butnoteveryconversationwillleadtoanewfriend.Itiscompletelynormaltofeelnervousabouttheideaofstrikingupaconversationwithsomeoneyoudon’tknow.Formanypeople,itcanbedifficulttoovercomethefearofsayingsomethingwrong.Rememberthatrealconversationscanleadtoincreasedself-confidenceandlastingfriendships.●____18____Rememberthatbeingtruetoyourselfismoreimportantthanwhatstrangersthink.Whoyouareisnolessimportantthanwhoanyoneelseis.Everypersonhastheirownstoryandjourney,andyoursisjustasimportantasanyoneelse’s.____19____●Don’tsharetoomuchtooquickly.Itcansometimesbeeasytosharealittletoomuchinformationaboutyourself,especiallyifyouareexcitedoranxiouswhenengagingwithstrangers.____20____Rememberthatyouaresimplystrikingupsmalltalkwithsomeone,nottryingtoturnthemintoyourinstantbestfriends.A.Shareyourimportantstories.B.Thishelpstoadvanceyourfriendship.C.Don’tcarewhatstrangersmaythinkofyou.D.Sobeproudofyourselfandbehonestwithyourself.E.Learningtotalktostrangerscanbechallengingbutfun.F.Butoversharinginformationmayleadtoanuncomfortablesituation.G.Aconversationisacommonwaytostartarelationshipwithstrangers.【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.D20.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是如何接觸他人并發(fā)展?jié)撛诘挠颜x?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前的“Youmayhopeitiseasiertomeetnewpeopleorfeelateaseataparty.

(您可能希望結(jié)識新朋友或在聚會上感到輕松。)”可知，此處提出人們希望輕松結(jié)識新朋友或在聚會上感到放松，E選項“Learningtotalktostrangerscanbechallengingbutfun.(學習與陌生人交談是一項挑戰(zhàn)，但也很有趣。)”指出了與陌生人交談的好處，同時也有難度，該選項中的strangers與空前的newpeople意義相關，下文“Thisarticlewillshowhowtoreachouttoothersandstartpotentialfriendships.(這篇文章將告訴你如何與他人接觸并開始潛在的友誼。)”作為過渡句，引出下文具體的戰(zhàn)勝挑戰(zhàn)的辦法，故選E項。【17題詳解】根據(jù)空后的“Butnoteveryconversationwillleadtoanewfriend.(但并非每次談話都會帶來新朋友。)”可知，空處應該提到conversation一詞，G選項“Aconversationisacommonwaytostartarelationshipwithstrangers.(交談是與陌生人建立關系的一種常見方式。)”肯定了對話對于建立新關系的作用，but表明下文與空處為轉(zhuǎn)折關系，邏輯通順，即初次談話也有不成功的時候，故選G項。【18題詳解】根據(jù)空格所處的位置以及每段標題的句型結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空應該選擇能夠作為段落標題的祈使句，根據(jù)下文的“Rememberthatbeingtruetoyourselfismoreimportantthanwhatstrangersthink.(請記住，做真實的自己比陌生人的想法更重要。)”可知，不用在意別人的看法，C選項“Don’tcarewhatstrangersmaythinkofyou.(不要在意陌生人對你的看法。)”符合要求，并且能夠概括段落內(nèi)容，故選C項。【19題詳解】根據(jù)空格位于段尾可知，此空處對該段進行總結(jié)概括且與主題一致，根據(jù)上文中的“Everypersonhastheirownstoryandjourney,andyoursisjustasimportantasanyoneelse’s.(每個人都有自己的故事和歷程，而你的故事和歷程和其他人一樣重要。)”可知，每個人經(jīng)歷不同，且每個人的經(jīng)歷都一樣重要，D選項“Sobeproudofyourselfandbehonestaboutyourself.(所以要為自己感到驕傲，對自己要坦誠。)”與上文構(gòu)成因果關系，邏輯通順，且與段落主題“Don’tcarewhatstrangersmaythinkofyou.(不要在意陌生人對你的看法。)”一致，故選D項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)小標題“Don’tsharetoomuchtooquickly(不要太快分享太多)”可知，本段建議人們不要過多分享自己的情況，F(xiàn)選項“Butoversharinginformationmayleadtoanuncomfortablesituation.(但是過度分享信息可能會帶來不舒服的情況。)”所述內(nèi)容與主題吻合，且與空前內(nèi)容“Itcansometimesbeeasytosharealittletoomuchinformationaboutyourself,especiallyifyouareexcitedoranxiouswhenengagingwithstrangers.(有時候很容易分享太多關于自己的信息，尤其是當你和陌生人交往時感到興奮或焦慮時。)”為轉(zhuǎn)折關系，下文“Rememberthatyouaresimplystrikingupsmalltalkwithsomeone,nottryingtoturnthemintoyourinstantbestfriends.(記住，你只是在和某人閑聊，而不是試圖把他們變成你最好的朋友。)”承接該選項，指出如何回避不舒服情況的產(chǎn)生，故選F項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Itwas5p.m.atthemarket,theworsttimeofdaytoshop.Iwastheretopickupafew____21____:creamforcoffee,eggsforbreakfastandmedicineformyheadache.I’dbeenrushingalldaydoingjobsforpeople,soIdidnot____22____todoshopping.ButI____23____persuadedmyselfitwasmylaststopbeforegoinghometoputupmyfeet.Afterparkingthecar,I____24____abaginthetrunk(后備箱)andfoundashoppingcart.Themarketwasn’tas____25____asIhadexpected.Itookapackageofflourandsomejuice.That’swhenIsawher.Sheseemedtobe11monthsoldwithblondcurlsandblueeyes,socutethatIwas____26____toher.Then,IdidwhatIalwaysdowithchildren:Igavehermybestsmile.Thatisa____27____Ihavekeptforlong.ItstartedwhenIhadmyfirstchild,inthatunforgettableand____28____moment.Sometimesmysmilewould____29____,butitneverleftmyfaceforlong.I’ve____30____thateveryoneneedsasmilesometimes,youngandold,even____31____likethelittlegirlatthemarket.Ittookherawhiletodecidehowtoreacttomysmile.Then,herface____32____.WhenIwavedgoodbye,sheblewmeakiss.Thatputasmileonmyface.Iwasstillfullof____33____whenIgothomeandrealizedI’dforgottentogetmymedicine.However,Ididn’t____34____it.Myheadachewasgone.Wanttochangetheworld?Trysmiling.Someonewillsmilebackatyou.Iguarantee(保證)it.Ifyou’re___35___enough,maybethey’llevenblowyouakissandmakeyourheadachegoaway.21.A.presents B.essentials C.favorites D.luxuries22.A.agree B.hesitate C.intend D.wait23.A.firmly B.secretly C.ultimately D.gradually24.A.grabbed B.prepared C.selected D.emptied25.A.modern B.special C.convenient D.crowded26.A.attracted B.related C.introduced D.exposed27.A.promise B.habit C.celebration D.routine28.A.terrible B.urgent C.heartbreaking D.life-changing29.A.work B.fade C.return D.stay30.A.learned B.clarified C.predicted D.proved31.A.customers B.employees C.strangers D.witnesses32.A.hidaway B.frozeup C.turnedaway D.lightedup33.A.astonishment B.expectation C.certainty D.joy34A.mention B.need C.resist D.deny35.A.fortunate B.optimistic C.outstanding D.patient【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.A25.D26.A27.B28.D29.B30.A31.C32.D33.D34.B35.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者用微笑治愈自己頭痛的故事，從而建議讀者多微笑?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我在那里買了一些必需品：咖啡奶油、早餐雞蛋和頭痛藥。A.presents禮物；B.essentials必需品；C.favorites特別喜愛的人（或物）；D.luxuries奢侈品。由下文“creamforcoffee,eggsforbreakfastandmedicineformyheadache”可知，這些應是生活“必需品”。故選B項。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我一整天都在忙著為人們做工作，所以我不打算去購物。A.agree同意；B.hesitate猶豫；C.intend打算；D.wait等待。由上文“I’dbeenrushingalldaydoingjobsforpeople”可知，作者已經(jīng)忙了一天，很累了，所以不“打算”去購物。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但我最終說服自己，這是我回家前的最后一站。A.firmly堅定地；B.secretly秘密地；C.ultimately最終地；D.gradually逐步地。由下文“foundashoppingcart”可知，作者“最終”還是說服自己去購物了。故選C項。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：停車后，我在后備箱里抓了一個袋子，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一輛購物車。A.grabbed抓??；B.prepared準備；C.selected挑選；D.emptied清空。由“abaginthetrunk”以及語境可知，這里指作者從后備箱“抓”起一個袋子。故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：超市并沒有我預想的那么擁擠。A.modern現(xiàn)代的；B.special特殊的；C.convenient方便的；D.crowded擁擠的。由上文“theworsttimeofdaytoshop”以及語境可知，這里表示超市并不像她原本認為很多人，所以并不“擁擠”。故選D項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她看起來11個月大了，金色的卷發(fā)和藍色的眼睛，太可愛了，我被她吸引了。A.attracted吸引；B.related把……聯(lián)系起來；C.introduced介紹；D.exposed暴露。由上文“socute”以及語境可知，這里表示作者被她“吸引”了。故選A項?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我保持已久的習慣。A.promise承諾；B.habit習慣；C.celebration慶祝；D.routine常規(guī)。由下文“Ihavekeptforlong”可知，因為保持了很久，所以微笑也就成為了作者的“習慣”。故選B項。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它始于我有了第一個孩子，那是一個難忘的、改變?nèi)松臅r刻。A.terrible糟糕的；B.urgent緊急的；C.heartbreaking令人心碎的；D.life-changing改變?nèi)松?。由上文“myfirstchild”以及“unforgettable”可知，擁有孩子是一個難忘的、“改變?nèi)松摹睍r刻。故選D項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有時我的微笑會消失，但它從來沒有離開我的臉太久。A.work工作；B.fade逐漸消失；C.return返回；D.stay呆。由下文“butitneverleftmyfaceforlong”中but表轉(zhuǎn)折可知，這里指有時作者的笑容會“消失”的。故選B項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我認識到，每個人有時都需要微笑，無論老少，甚至像市場上的小女孩這樣的陌生人。A.learned認識到；B.clarified澄清；C.predicted預測；D.proved證明。由下文“thateveryoneneedsasmilesometime”可知，這里指作者“認識到”每個人有時都需要微笑。故選A項?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我了解到，每個人有時都需要微笑，無論老少，甚至像市場上的小女孩這樣的陌生人。A.customers客戶；B.employees員工；C.strangers陌生人；D.witnesses目擊者。由下文“l(fā)ikethelittlegirlatthemarket”以及even表遞進可知，這里指像市場上的小女孩這樣的“陌生人”。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：然后，她的臉上露出喜色。A.hidaway躲藏；B.frozeup凍結(jié)；C.turnedaway拒絕……進入；D.lightedup露出喜色。由下文“sheblewmeakiss”可知，小女孩也挺高興，所