涿州市高考英語閱讀理解、短文改錯系列訓(xùn)練（5）及答案

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精涿州市2014高考英語閱讀理解、短文改錯系列訓(xùn)練(5）及答案（第篇)GUATEMALACITY（Reuters)—Afishthatlivesinmangroveswamps(紅樹沼澤)acrosstheAmericascanliveoutofwaterformonthsatatime，similartohowanimalsadapted(適應(yīng))tolandmillionsofyearsago,anewstudyshows.TheMangroveRivulus，atypeofsmallkillifish，livesinsmallpoolsofwaterinacertaintypeofemptynutorevenoldbeercansinthemangroveswampsofBelize,theUnitedStatesandBrazil.Whentheirlivingplacedriesup，theyliveonthelandinlogs(圓木）,saidScottTaylor，aresearcherattheBrevardEndangeredLandsPrograminFlorida。Thefish，whosescientificnameisRivulusmarmoratus,cangrowaslargeasthreeinches.Theygrouptogetherinlogsandbreatheairthroughtheirskinuntiltheycanfindwateragain.ThenewscientificdiscoverycameafteratriptoBelize?！癢ekickedoveralogandthefishjustcamecrowdingout，”TaylortoldReutersinneighboringGuatemalabytelephone.HesaidhewillmakehisstudyonthefishknowntothepublicinanAmericanmagazineearlynextyear.Inlabtests,Taylorsaidhefoundthefishcanliveupto66daysoutofwaterwithouteating。Someotherfishcanliveoutofwaterforashortperiodoftime.ThewalkingcatfishfoundinSoutheastAsiacanstayonlandforhoursatatime,whilelungfishfoundinAustralia,AfricaandSouthAmericacanliveontofwater，butonlyinaninactivestate。ButnootherknownfishcanbeoutofwateraslongastheMangroveRivulusandremainactive，accordingtoPatriciaWright,abiologistatCanada’sUniversityofFurtherstudiesofthefishmaytellhowanimalschangedovertime.“Theseanimalsliveinconditionssimilartothosethatexistedmillionsofyearsago，whenanimalsbeganmakingthetransition（過渡)fromwaterontoland，”Wrightsaid。［語篇解讀]最新發(fā)現(xiàn)：有一種魚，即使離開水也能存活.1．TheMangroveRivulusisatypeoffishthat________。A。likeseatingnutsB.preferslivingindryplacesC。isthelongestlivingfishonearthD。caustayalivefortwomonthsoutofwater[解析］事實細節(jié)題。依據(jù)在第六段,Taylor說這種魚離水后能活66天，也就是兩個多月。［答案]D2．WhowillwriteupareportonmangroveRivulus？A。PatriciaWright.B.ResearchersinGuatemala.C.ScientistsfromBelize。D.ScottTaylor。［解析]推理判斷題。第五段最后一句話告訴我們：明年ScottTaylor將要把對于這種魚的研究在一份美國雜志上公布于眾。[答案]D3．Accordingtothetext,lungfishcan________.A.breathethroughitsskinB。movefreelyondrylandC.remainaliveoutofwaterD。beasactiveonlandasinwater［解析]事實細節(jié)題.第七段第二句話告訴我們：lungfish離開水也可以存活.［答案]C4．WhatcanwesayaboutthediscoveryofMangroveRivulus？A.Itwasmadequitebyaccident.B。Itwasbasedonalabtestofsealife.C。ItwassupportedbyanAmericanmagazine。D。ItwashelpedbyPatriciaWright.［解析]推理判斷題。第五段Taylor的話告訴我們：發(fā)現(xiàn)這種魚是偶然的.［答案］A＊＊*＊＊*＊***＊＊＊＊**＊*＊**＊****＊**＊**＊＊＊****＊**＊＊*＊****＊結(jié)束(2011·廣東卷)AIntheanimalkingdom,weaknesscanbringaboutaggressioninotheranimals.Thissometimeshappenswithhumansalso.ButIhavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople。Iseeiteverydaywhenpeopleholddoorsforme,pourcreamintomycofffee，orhelpmetoputonmycoat.AndIhavediscoveredthatitmakesthemhappy。Frommywheelchairexperience,Iseethebestinpeople,butsometimesIwassadbecausethosewhoappearindependentmissthekindnessIseedaily.Theydon’tgettoseethissoftsideofothers.Often,wetryeverywaypossibletoavoidshowingourweakness,whichincludesalotofpretending。Butonlywhenwestoppretendingwe'rebraveorstrongdoweallowpeopletoshowthekindnessthat’sinthem。Lastmonth，whenIwasdrivinghomeonabusyhighway，Ibegantofeelunwellanddrovemoreslowlythanusual.Peoplebehindmebegantogetimpatientandangry，withsomespeedingupalongsideme,horning（按喇叭)orevenshoutingatme.Atthatmoment，IdecidedtodosomethingIhadneverdoneintwenty—fourofdrivingIputontheflashlightsanddroveonatareallylowspeed。Nomoreangryshoutsandnomorehorns!WhenIputonmyflashlights，Iwassayingtotheotherdrivers，“Ihaveaproblemhere，IamweakanddoingthebestIcan，”Andeveryoneunderstood。Severaltimes，Isawdriverswhowantedtopass。Theycouldn’tgetaroundmebecauseofthestreamofpassingtraffic。Butinsteadofgettingimpatientandangry，theywaited,knowingthedriverinfrontofthemwasinsomewayweak。Sometimesweaknesscallforustoactstrongandbraveevenwhenwedon’tthatthosefarbetween。Moreoften，itwouldbebetterifwedon’tpretendtofeelstrongwhenwefeelweakorpretendthatwearebravewhenwe’rescared。26.Theauthorhasdiscoveredthatpeoplewillfeelhappywhen_______。A.theyoffertheirhelpB。theyreceiveothers’helpC。theyfeelothers’kindnessD。theyshowtheirweakness27。Theauthorfeelssadsometimesbecause______。A.hehasasoftheartB。hereliesmuchonothersC。somepeoplepretendtobekindD。somepeoplefailtoseethekindnessinothers28。Whatdidtheotherdriversdowhentheysawtheflashlights?A.Theyspeeduptopass.B。Theywaitedwithpatience.C.Theytriedtheirbesttohelp.D。Theyputontheirflashlightstoo.29.Inthispassage,theauthoradvisesusto______。A.handleproblemsbyourselvesB。accepthelpfromothersC。admitourweaknessD。showourbravery30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AWheelchairExperience。B。WeaknessandKindness。C.WeaknessandStrengthD。ADrivingExperience【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。在動物王國弱勢會帶來被侵略，在人類社會有時也是如此。但作者認為弱勢能顯現(xiàn)出人們的善良，給人們帶來更多的幫助.從而使雙方都感到幸福。作者以自己的經(jīng)歷向人們闡述了弱勢與善良的關(guān)系。26.A考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Ihavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople?？芍业娜鮿蒿@現(xiàn)了人們的善良,進而許多人幫助我.又因Ihavediscoveredthatitmakesthemhappy可知：幫助別人能使他們感到幸福。故選A。27.D考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)sometimesIwassadbecausethosewhoappearindependentmissthekindnessIseedaily。Theydon’tgettoseethissoftsideofothers.可知選D.28。B考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中WhenIputonmyflashlights，。。。。Butinsteadofgettingimpatientandangry,theywaited,knowingthedriverinfrontofthemwasinsomewayweak.可知選B.29。C考查主旨、要義。根據(jù)文章的第一段可知ButIhavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople。是文章的中心句，全文作者以自己的親身經(jīng)歷向人們闡述了：有時承認自己的弱勢給人們帶來的好處，承認弱勢能改善人們之間的關(guān)系，使自己得到更多的幫助,讓我們看到人性的善良.30。C考查文章的標題。文章的作者第一段就提出了自己的論點myweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople.文章通篇以自己的經(jīng)歷向人們闡述弱勢與善良的關(guān)系。**＊＊＊***＊＊*＊＊*＊＊*********＊****＊*＊＊***＊**＊*＊＊**＊＊*＊＊＊＊＊＊＊***結(jié)束(2010·重慶調(diào)研)TodayisSunday。Wehadnotlessons。Afterbreakfast1。________IwantedtodowithmyhomeworkwhenLiLeirangme.2。________Heaskedmetogotothecinemawithhe.Iagreed,but3.________Ihavetofinishmyhomeworkfirst.Aboutanhourlater,4.________wewentout.InthewaywesawKate;shewasmending5.________herbike.Shelookedveryworry?！癓etushelpyou。"LiLei6。________andIallsaid?！癆llright.”Andwestoppedtohelpher。7。________Therewasnothingmuchwrongwiththebike，soitcost8.________usonlyseveralminutestimetofinishit.Katewasvery9.________thankful.Whenwehurriedtothecinema，thefilmhad10.________beenonfortenminutes。Butwefelthappy。答案與解析:1．not→no“沒有課”應(yīng)是havenolessons或don'thaveanylessons。2．去掉withdo是及物動詞,直接跟名詞作賓語。3．he→him介詞后跟代詞時要用賓格。4．have→had本文是敘述過去發(fā)生的事情。5．In→On“在……途中"是ontheway。6．worry→worried“她看上去很著急”，應(yīng)該用形容詞作表語.7．a(chǎn)ll→both因為只有我和李蕾兩人。8．cost→took“花費時間做什么"要用Ittakessometimetodosomething。9．去掉time有具體的時間名詞minutes，無須再用time。10．√＊＊**＊＊＊＊*******＊＊＊＊*＊＊＊＊＊＊*＊＊＊＊*＊＊＊＊*＊*＊*＊＊＊*＊＊＊＊**＊**＊＊*結(jié)束1.我們居住的地球的環(huán)境特點以及很多自然災(zāi)害的現(xiàn)象.2。由于人類的破壞，地球變化帶來的一些事件.3.一些提倡保護我們居住的環(huán)境，提高環(huán)保意識的各種環(huán)保行為和活動。4。介紹一些環(huán)保的產(chǎn)品，及其帶來的好處。5.保持環(huán)境的自然、進行有效再循環(huán)的話題?！ゆ溄痈呖兼溄?。（2012山東卷）ThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace。Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Nauru'sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes。Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedontheremoteislandofNauru,farfromwesterncivilization,thefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFeamin1798。HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter，awhalingship,HecalledtheislandPleasantHowever，becauseitwasveryremote，NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst.Thenwhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit，bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelementsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland。Aten-yearcivilwarstarted，whichreducedthepopulationfrom1，400to900.Nauru’srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate（磷酸鹽）ontheisland.Infact，itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate，whichisaAphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground；itisastripmine.Whenacompanystrip—mines,itremovesthetoplayerofsoilThenutakesawaythematerialitwants.Strip-miningtotallydestroysdieland.Gradually,thelovelyislandofIn1968，Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld.EveryyearthegovernmentreceivedmillionsandmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphateUnfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars。Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses。Soonpeoplerealizeddialtheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphatewasrunningout。Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasalmostfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately＄433，600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.56。 Whatmightbetheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A. ToseekhelpforNauru'sproblems。B。 Togiveawarningtoothercountries.C. Toshowtheimportanceofmoney.D。 Totellaheartbreakingstoryofawar。57. WhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeanscame？A.Richandpowerful。 B.Modemandopen。C。Peacefulandattractive。 D。Greedyandaggressive.58。 TheecologicaldisasterinNaururesultedfrom______ .A.soilpollution B.phosphateoverminingC.farmingactivity D。whalehunting59。 WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru’sfinancialproblem？A。 Itsleadersmisusedthemoney.B. Itspenttoomuchrepairingtheisland.C. Itsphosphateminingcostmuchmoney.D. Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar。60。 WhatcanwelearnaboutNaurufromthelastparagraph？A。 Theecologicaldamageisdifficulttorepair.B. Theleaderswilltaketheexperts’wordsseriously.C. TheislandwasabandonedbytheNauruans.D. Thephosphateminesweredestroyed?！倦y度】一般59.【答案】A【試題解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段前兩句和最后三句可知，Nauru的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者對金錢的錯誤使用致使這個國家陷入了財政困難,故答案選A。＊*