2023北京東城高三一模英語（教師版）

2023北京東城高三一模英語2023.3本試卷共11頁，共100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘?？忌鷦毡貙⒋鸢复鹪诖痤}卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Bernard,the82-year-oldretiredpoliceofficer,washeartbrokenwhenhe____1____hispreciousmedal.HishousewasbrokenintolastDecember.Thethieftookawaysomejewelry,somecashandhistreasuredmedalgivenforhis32yearsof____2____withLiverpoolPoliceStation.Hebelievedthemedalwasgoneforever.Threemonthslater,David,ayoungvolunteerpulledthemedalfromariverina“one-in-a-million”catch.Theyoungmanwasinalitterclean-upprogrammeinLiverpool.Hehadbeenusingalargemagnet(磁鐵)to____3____metalrubbishoutoftheriverfor30minuteswhenhefoundasmallbluemetalbox.“Iwouldhaveneverfoundthemedalifwehadn’t____4____alltherubbishintheriverfirst,”saidDavid.“Atfirst,wefoundoldbitsofshoppingcartsandothermetalitemsbutabouthalfanhourlater,Ipulledoutthe____5____,andit’sgot‘PoliceLongServiceMedal’writtenonit,Itreallywaslikefindinganeedleinahaystack(干草堆).”____6____,themedalwascarvedwithBernard’snameandthemedalnumber,whichDavidusedto____7____thesenior’sphonenumberonline.Theretiredpoliceofficerwas____8____whenhereceivedacallsayingthemedalhadbeenfoundinariver,stillinitsmetalbox.Andwhenhewastolditwouldbe____9____tohimbytheyoungmanwhofoundit,hisfacelitup.DavidthenplannedavisittomeetBernardandreturnedthemedaltohim.“Thiswastrulythebest_____10_____forcleaningupthatrubbish...It’samazing,”Davidsaid.1.A.damaged B.lost C.sold D.dirtied2.A.business B.communication C.cooperation D.service3.A.net B.site C.cup D.fish4.A.tackled B.deserted C.recycled D.buried5.A.magnet B.rubbish C.box D.jewelry6.A.Apparently B.Thankfully C.Gradually D.Consequently7.A.track B.recall C.record D.dial8.A.nervous B.astonished C.proud D.embarrassed9.A.awarded B.submitted C.presented D.addressed10.A.drive B.proof C.wish D.reward第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Onaparticularsunnyday,littleMykelwasdeterminedtolearntoridehisbikewithoutthehelpoftrainingwheels.Whentheneighborhoodkids____11____(spot)Mykelshakilycontrollinghisbike,theyracedover____12____(help).Someheldthebikesteadywhileothersofferedencouragement.Mykelwasnotaloneashetriedtoreachhisgoaloflearningtoridehisbike!Somethingsare____13____(easy)saidthandone.However,withalittlehelpfromfriends,thingsgobetter!B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Renewablemethodsfor____14____(produce)electricity,suchaswindturbinesandsolarpanels,canonlyprovidepoweronthedays____15____windblowsorthesunshines.Electricbatteries____16____(use)tostoreenergyareexpensiveandcanalsobepolluting.Finnishscientistscameupwithasimplesolutionthatputsunwantedgreenelectricitytowork,heating100tonsofsandtoaround500℃.Thesandstayshotformonths;whenenergy____17____(require),aircanbepumpedthroughitandheatedup.Theairinturnheatsasystemthatsupplieshotwatertoheatnearbyhouses.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Theideaofwritingapoemmightfeelfrightening____18____(initial)—doyouneedtofollowacertainstructure,doesitneedtohavearhyme,ordoyouneedtohaverecitedadictionarytobea“proper”poet?Thetruthis:absolutelynot.Whilethereare“types”ofpoemthatofferstructuretoserve____19____aguide,therealityisthatpoetrydoesn’thavetofollowasetofrules—it’smuchmoreaboutconveyingafeeling,andthatopensupalotofcreative____20____(free)forustoexplore.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AEveryyear,young,talented,andambitiousnatureconservationistsfromallovertheworldshoottheirshotfortheFutureForNature(FFN)Award,anhonorableinternationalaward.TheFutureForNatureaimsto:·Rewardandfundindividualsfortheiroutstandingeffortsintheprotectionofspeciesofwildanimalsandplants.·Stimulateawardwinnerstosustaintheirdedicatedwork.·Helpwinnerstoraisetheirprofile,extendtheirprofessionalnetworkandstrengthentheirfundingbasis.Benefits·Thewinnerseachreceive50,000eurosandmaymaketheirowndecisiontospendthemoneyintheserviceofnatureconservation.·FFNoffersthewinnersaplatformandbringstheirstoriestotheattentionofconservationists,financiersandawideaudience,allowingthemtoincreasetheirimpactandgainmoreaccesstofunds.·FFNisbuildingagrowingfamilyofwinners,dedicatedpeoplewhoformacommunityofpeoplewiththesameinterest.FFNoffersthemtheopportunitytomeeteachotherandcontinuetolearnwitheachotherinordertocontinuetheirfightfornatureasefficientlyandeffectivelyaspossible.QualificationsThecandidate：·Mustbebornonorafterthe31stMay1988andbeforethe31stMay2005.·Isabletoexplainhis/herconservationworkinfluentEnglish(writtenandspoken).·Hasachievedsubstantialandlong-termbenefitstotheconservationstatusofoneormoreanimalorplantspecies.·Mustbedeterminedtocontinuehis/herconservationwork,astheawardaimstostimulatethewinner’sfuturework.Itisnotan”endofcareer“prize.AdditionalRemarksForthe2023FutureForNatureAward,weareagainsearchingfornaturalleaders,whohaveproventhattheycanmakeadifferenceinspecies’survival.Fromallapplications,6to10nominees(被提名者)willbeselected.Theseapplicantswillbeaskedtoprovideadditionalinformation,whichwillbeusedtoselectthefinalawardees.Ultimately,threeinspiringwildlifeheroesareselectedasthewinners.ApplicationProcess:ApplyonlinethroughtheApplyNowlink.ApplicationDeadline:May1st,2023.21.WhichisoneoftheaimsoftheFutureForNature?A.Toaidmoregreengroups. B.Tofundacademiceducation.C.Toinspireconservationefforts. D.Toraiseenvironmentalawareness.22.Thewinnerswillgetthechanceto________.A.consulttopspecialists B.meetlike-mindedpeopleC.benefitthelocalcommunity D.promoteself-createdplatforms23.Toapplyforthe2023FutureForNatureAward,candidatesmust________.A.meettheagerequirement B.applyviamailbythedeadlineC.turnintheapplicationinEnglish D.provideadditionalpersonalinformationBThesignonthelibrarian’sdeskread:“ReadersWantedforProjectReadAloud.”Sherenestaredatitasthelibrarianstampedthebookthatshehadselectedforherweeklyreadingfarewithareturnbydate.“WhatisProjectReadAloud?”Shereneasked.“Here’sthebrochureaboutit.There’saforminsidetofilloutifyouwanttobecomeareader.Thereisnopay,bytheway,”thelibrariansaidwithasmile.Sherenewalkedhome.Shelovedlivingwithinwalkingdistanceofhertown’spubliclibrary.Shelovedtositinoneoftheoverstuffedreadingchairsinthereadingroomwiththesmellofbooksallaroundherandloseherselfinabook.Shehadmovedawayafterhighschoolandhadrecentlymovedback.Thelibraryandfondmemoriesofherchildhoodhaddrawnherbacktothissmalltown.Oncehome,shesatdowntoreadthebrochure,whichsaid,“ProjectReadAloudseekstoprovidetheopportunityofhearingstoriesreadaloudinacomfortablesetting.”Thatisafinegoal,shethought.Sherenefilledouttheform.Shelovedreadingaloud.Whenshewasachild,shereadaloudtoherteddybear.Later,whenshegrewupandbecameateacher,shereadaloudtoherstudentsmanytimesthroughouttheday.Sinceherretirement,shereadaloudonlytoherselfandBoots,hercat.Itwouldfeelsogoodtohaveahumanaudienceonceagaintosharestorieswith.Acoupleofdayslater,Sherenesatinthenowemptysmalltheatreinthelibrary,preparingthefirststoryshewasgoingtoread.Soon,theaudiencebegantowanderinandfindtheirseats.Thetheatrewashalffullinhalfanhour.Sherenesteppedtotheedgeofthestageandintroducedherself.Sheexplainedtheoriginofthestory,openedthebookandbegantoread.Shewovethetalemasterfullycreatingvoicesforthecharacters,pausingforemphasis,andtakingthelistenersintoanotherworld.WhenSherenereadthelastwordsofthestory,therewasamomentarysilenceasitallsankintothelistenersandthenaburstofenthusiasticapplause.Atthatmoment,understandingdidgrowinthetownthroughthesharingofstories.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutSherene?A.Sheusedtobeateacher. B.Shelivedfarfromthelibrary.C.Shelikedhearingstoriesreadaloud. D.Shewasinvolvedinmanysocialactivities.25.WhydidSherenejoininProjectReadAloud?A.Shewantedtomakenewfriends. B.Theproject’sgoalsuitedherinterest.C.Theprojectbroughtherextraincome. D.Sheneededtoimproveherreadingability.26.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeSherene’sfirstperformance?A.Meaningfulandhumorous. B.Novelandamusing.C.Impressiveandconventional. D.Vividandabsorbing.CManypeoplehaveparticipatedintolotsofvirtualmeetingstheseyears.Someresearchshowsthisadjustmentmightnotimpactworkplaceproductivitytoanygreatdegree.Anewstudy,though,suggestsotherwise.Inthestudy,602participantswererandomlypairedandaskedtocomeupwithcreativeusesforaproduct.Theywerealsorandomlyselectedtoworktogethereitherinpersonorvirtually.Thepairswerethenrankedbyassessingtheirtotalnumberofideas,aswellasthoseconcepts’degreeofnovelty,andaskedtosubmittheirbestidea.Amongthegroups,virtualpairscameupwithsignificantlyfewerideas,suggestingthatsomethingaboutface-to-faceinteractiongeneratesmorecreativeideas.Thefindingscouldstiffenemployers’resolvetourgeorrequiretheiremployeestocomebacktotheoffice.“Weranthisexperimentbasedonfeedbackfromcompaniesthatitwashardertoinnovatewithremoteworkers,”saidleadresearcherMelanieBrucks.“Unlikeotherformsofvirtualcommunication,likephonecallsore-mail,videoconferencingcopiesthein-personexperiencequitewell,soIwassurprisedwhenwefoundmeaningfuldifferencesbetweenin-personandvideointeractionforideageneration.”Whenrandomobjectswereplacedinboththevirtualandphysicalrooms,thevirtualpairsofparticipantsspentmoretimelookingdirectlyateachotherratherthanlettingtheirlookwanderabouttheroomandtakingintheentirescene.Eyeingone’swholeenvironmentandnoticingtherandomobjectswereassociatedwithincreasedideageneration.Onplatforms,thescreenoccupiesourinteractions.Ourlookwaversless.“Lookingawaymightcomeacrossasrude,”saidBrucks,“sowehavetolookatthescreenbecausethatisthedefinedcontextoftheinteraction,thesamewaywewouldn’twalktoanotherroomwhiletalkingtosomeoneinperson.”Likemosteducators,Bruckshasprimarilytaughtvirtuallyinthepastthreeyears,andshedidnoticesomebenefitsoftheapproachaswell.Herstudentsweremorelikelytotaketurnsspeakingandhershyerstudentsspokeupmoreoften,ridoftheanxietythatcomesfromaddressingalargeclassroom.Brucksfoundthatonesolutiontoimprovingvirtualideagenerationmightbetosimplyturnoffthecamera,forherstudentsfelt“freer”andmorecreativewhenaskedtodoso.Andthismaybesoundadvicefortheworkplace.Virtualteamworkcan’treplaceface-to-faceteamwork.Ideaselectionproficiency(能力)isonlyvaluableifyouhavestrongoptionstoselectfrom,andface-to-faceteamsarethebestmeanstogeneratewinningoptions.Perhapstheworkplacewillfindacompromise—asweetspotinthemiddlethatbalancesworkingfrombothhomeandoffice.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stiffen”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Shake. B.Revise. C.Challenge. D.Strengthen.28.Atfirst,leadresearcherMelanieBrucksmightthinkthat________.A.videoconferencingcan’tcomparewithin-personcommunicationB.participantsshouldmakeeyecontactinanonlinemeetingC.thefeedbackfromcompaniesseemsquestionableD.creativeideasmayemergefromcasualthoughts29.WhatcanwelearnaboutBrucks’class?A.Herstudentsrelievedanxietybyspeakingup. B.Herstudentsprogressedinfocusingattention.C.Herstudentstookadvantageofvirtuallearning. D.Herstudentsdisplayedtalentforpublicspeaking.30.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.InteractingVirtuallyImpactsWorkingParticipation B.MaintainingTeamworkImprovesIdeaGenerationC.GroupingRandomlyIncreasesProductivity D.BrainstormingOnlineLimitsCreativityDArguably,thebiggestsciencedevelopmentoftheyear‘todatehasbeentheimagesoftheverydepthsoftheuniversetakenbytheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope(JWST).Thoseimagesbegacomparisonbetweentheexternalandinternaluniversesthatscienceisbentonobservingandunderstanding.Decadesago,astrophysicistCarlSaganfamouslysaid,“Theuniverseisalsowithinis.We’remadeofstar-stuff.Weareawayfortheuniversetoknowitself.”Hewascommentingthenontherealitythatourinternaluniversewasascomplexandasfantasticastheouterspace.Therearemanysimilaritiesbetweentheprogresswe’vemadeinunderstandingtheuniverseandinpiecingtogetherlife’sinnerworkings.LikethetechnologicaldevelopmentsthattookusfromGalileo’stelescopetotheHubbletotheJWST,lifesciencetoolshavealsoimprovedrapidly.Fromearlylightmicroscopestomodernsuper-resolutionones,thesedevelopmentshaveaffordedresearchersadeeplookintobiology’sinfinitesimal(無限小的)landscape.Learningthatlivingthingswerecomposedofcellswas,notaterriblylongtimeago,arevolutionaryobservation.Sincethen,scientistshavebeenabletodiveeverdeeperintothecomponentsoflife.Goingbeyondmerelyobservingthecomplicatedmakeupoforganisms,lifescientistscannowdiscovertheworkingsofmolecules(分子).Andthatiswherescanningtheuniversediffersfrompeeringintobiology.Understandingtheuniverse,especiallyfromafunctionalstandpoint,isnotnecessarilyanimmediateurgency.Understandingbiologyonthatlevelis.Simplyobservingtheamazinginternalstructureofcellsisnotenough.Biologistsmustalsocharacterizehowallthosepartsinteractandchangeindifferentenvironmentsandwhenfacedwithvariouschallenges.Beingabletoimageavirusorbacteriumisniceatthelevelofbasicscience.Butknowinghowvirusesgainentryintocellsandspread,infect,anddisablecanliterallysavelives.Throughtime,biologyhasrisentothismechanisticchallenge.Notonlycanlifesciencetoolsproduceimagesofcellcomponents,evenmoreimportantly,theycanhelppredicttheeffectsofdrugsonreceptors,ofimmunecellsonforeigninvaders(入侵者),andofgeneticperturbations(基因干擾)ondevelopmentandaging.Thisisnottobelittletheworkofscientistsresearchingintouniverse.Theyshouldrightlybepraisedfordeliveringviewsofimpossiblydistant,impossiblymassivephenomena.Myaimistocelebratetheseaccomplishmentswhileatthesametimerecognizingthatscience’sinwardsearchfordetailandinsightisequallyimpressiveand,inmyview,moreurgent.Theoutputofboththeoutwardandinwardexplorationsshouldstimulatewonderineveryone.Afterall,it’sallstar-stuff.31.WhydoestheauthorquoteCarlSagan’scommentinParagraph2?A.Tointroducethebackground. B.Toproveanassumption.C.Tomakeacomparison. D.Topresentanidea.32.Likethestudyoftheuniverse,lifesciencehasbeenadvancingin________.A.studyapproaches B.systemmanagementC.researchfacilities D.technologyintegration33.WecaninferfromParagraph4thatbiologists’workis________.A.practical B.risky C.flexible D.popular34.Asforlifescience,whichwouldtheauthoragreewith?A.Ithasreceiveduniversalrecognition. B.Itshouldenjoypriorityindevelopment.C.Itcanbeappliedinthemajorityofareas. D.Itismorecomplicatedthanspacescience.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Withclimatechangecontinuingtoworsen,oursituationisbeginningtofeelincreasinglyserious.____35____Isitright?Maybenot.Techno-optimismisoneofthegreatestmisconceptionswhenitcomestosolutionstoensureourfuture.Itcanbedefinedasabeliefthatfuturetechnologieswillsolveallofourcurrentproblems.Thisdefinitionreinforces(強化)theideathatthere’snoreasontopanicorchangeourcurrentenergy-intensivelifestyle.Allsocietyneedstodoislooktogreentechnologytoworkitsmagic.____36____Oneofthebestexamplesofthisoptimisticmisconceptionistheelectriccar.Despitebeinghighlyregardedasaneco-friendlywaytogetaround,electriccarsarenottheendforthefutureoftransport.Batteriesinelectriccarsusechemicalelementswhichwecouldbeseeingashortageofbythemidcentury.____37____Techno-optimismhasledmanytobelievethatifeveryonejustswitchedtodrivingelectricvehicles,wewouldbemakingincrediblestepstowardssustainability.However,therealityisthattheamountofresourcesandenergyneededtoproduceenoughelectricvehiclesforeveryoneisnotevenremotelysustainable.____38____Investinginpublictransportationandmovingawayfromindividuallyownedvehicles.Producingfewercars,Improvingrecyclingpracticesofoldbatteries.Thesolutionsweseekshouldnotberootedinnewtechnology,butbeaboutchangingthewayoursocietyfunctions.Techno-optimismputstoomuchemphasisontechnologyandnotenoughonwhatwecandorightthisminute.Unfortunately,peopleseemtolikethepicturethattechno-optimismpaints.____39____Itisimportanttounderstandthattheproblembeginswhenweseethosetechnologiesasawaytomakeourcurrentlifestyleseco-friendly.Untilwearereadytofacetheneedforalesscomplexlife,wecannotmaketrueprogresstowardssustainability.A.Sowhereshouldwelookforanswersinstead?B.Themodernworld’ssimplesolutionistechnology.C.Moreover,theyaremoreenergyintensivetoproduce.D.Isitatrapthatmanypeoplehavefallenintoinrecentyears?E.Unfortunately,thisisanincrediblydangerousopiniontohold.F.Despiteanytechnology,weasawholearenotlivingsustainably.G.Nevertheless,thetruthis,weneedawidespreadchangeinourlifestyles.第三部分：書面表達(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Weallliketothinkthatwearerational(理性的)thinkers,butpoordecisionsandchoicesareevidentallaroundus:stayinginbadrelationshipsorboringjobs,takingupsmoking,eatingtoomuchjunkfood;thelistgoeson.Sowhycan’twemakebetterdecisions?Onereasonappearstobewhatpsychologistscall“decisionfatigue”:theideathatweallhavealimitedstoreofenergyformakingdecisionsandpractisingself-control.Forexample,ifyouaregrounddownbyeverydaystruggles,youhavelessmentalenergyforgooddecisions.However,studiespointtothefactthatdecidingthingsearlyinthedayislikelytoleadtobetteroutcomes.Mostofuswillhavehadtheexperienceofgoingtobedwithaseeminglyunsolvableproblem,onlytowakeupwithaflashofinspirationthenextmorning.Sodecisionsmadewhenwefeelleasttiredaremorelikelytobetherightones.Anotherworthwhilestrategyistopretendthatyouareadvisinganimaginaryfriend,ratherthanrelatingdecisionstoyourownlife.Thiscreatesadistancebetweenyouandtheissuesinquestion,andcanhelpyoutothinklogicallyratherthanemotionally.Peopleoftenadvisemakinglistsofadvantagesanddisadvantages,andthenprioritizingtheitemsineachlist.Thiscancertainlybehelpful,butweneedtobecarefulnottoover-thinkeverydecision.Wemayoverestimatethevalueofinformation,andsometimesitisbettersimplytogowithourgutinstinct(直覺).Perhapsthemostimportantthingwecandotominimizethepossibilityofregretistomakesurethatourdecisionsareinlinewithourlifevalues;inotherwords,tohavealifevisionandbetruetoit.Insteadofaskingourselvesquestionssuchas“Whichoptionissafer?”or“Whichoptionisbestfinancially?”,itisfarbettertoask“HowwillIfeelaboutthiswhenI’m70?”.40.Whatdoes“decisionfatigue”mean?________________41.Whydopeopletendtomakegooddecisionsearlyintheday?________________42.Decidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementiswrong.Underlineitandexplainwhy.?Sometimesitisagoodideatogowithourgutinstincttomakedecisions,becauseweighingadvantagesanddisadvantagestakesgreatefforts.________________43.Inadditiontothestrategiesinthepassage,pleasesuggestanotherwaytomakegooddecisions.(Inabout40words)________________第二節(jié)(20分)44.假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華。你的英國好友Jim所在的學校即將迎來百年校慶。他參與準備活動，負責向來賓介紹學校的變化，問你有什么好的建議。請你用英文給他回郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.表示祝賀;2.你的建議。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。提示詞：紀念日anniversaryDearJim,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua參考答案第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.B2.D3.D4.A5.C6.B7.A8.B9.C10.D【解析】【導語】本文為一記敘文。退休警察貝爾納家遭小偷光顧，丟失的物件包括他珍貴的勛章，三個月后，利物浦參加垃圾清理計劃的志愿者大衛(wèi)在河道清理時，意外打撈到裝有勛章的盒子，并按照上面的信息，找到了他，并交還給了他?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：貝爾納是一名82歲的退休警察，他失去了珍貴的勛章，傷心欲絕。A.damaged損壞；B.lost丟失；C.sold出售；D.dirtied弄臟。根據(jù)第一段“Thethieftookawaysomejewelry,somecashandhistreasuredmedalgivenforhis32yearsof____2____withLiverpoolPoliceStation.(小偷偷走了一些珠寶、現(xiàn)金和他因在利物浦警察局工作32年而獲得的珍貴勛章。)”可知，小偷偷了貝爾納的勛章，所以貝爾納失去了（lost）勛章。故選B項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：小偷偷走了一些珠寶、現(xiàn)金和他因在利物浦警察局任職32年而獲得的珍貴勛章。A.business業(yè)務；B.communication溝通；C.cooperation合作；D.service服務。根據(jù)句中的histreasuredmedalgivenforhis32years可知，這個勛章是因為他多年的工作而得到的，此處考查名詞serve，意為“長期、受到敬重的工作，效勞，服務”，常用名詞短語servicewith…，意為“在……任職，工作”，故選D項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他用一塊大磁鐵從河里打撈金屬垃圾30分鐘后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個藍色的小金屬盒子。A.net凈賺；B.site使坐落在；C.cup做成杯狀；D.fish搜尋，摸找。此處考查動詞短語fishsthoutofsth，意為“從……中取出，拿出，拖出……”，根據(jù)上一句“Theyoungmanwasinalitterclean-upprogrammeinLiverpool.(這名年輕人正在利物浦參加垃圾清理計劃。)”，磁鐵可以吸附一些金屬，故這位年輕人用磁鐵吸附河道里的金屬垃圾，以清理河道。故選D項。【4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們沒有先處理河里的所有垃圾，我永遠不會找到勛章。A.tackled處理；B.deserted遺棄；C.recycled回收；D.buried掩埋。根據(jù)上文“Theyoungmanwasinalitterclean-upprogrammeinLiverpool.Hehadbeenusingalargemagnet(磁鐵)to____3____metalrubbishoutoftheriverfor30minuteswhenhefoundasmallbluemetalbox.(這名年輕人正在利物浦參加垃圾清理計劃。他用一塊大磁鐵從河里打撈金屬垃圾30分鐘后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個藍色的小金屬盒子。)”可知，這個垃圾清理計劃包括了清理河道里的金屬垃圾，tackled符合語境。故選A項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了購物車和其他金屬物品的舊碎片，但大約半小時后，我拽出一個盒子，上面寫著“警察長期服務勛章”，真的就像大海撈針一樣。A.magnet磁鐵；B.rubbish垃圾；C.box盒子；D.jewelry珠寶。根據(jù)下文“Theretiredpoliceofficerwas____8____whenhereceivedacallsayingthemedalhadbeenfoundinariver,stillinitsmetalbox.(當這位退休警官接到電話說勛章在河里被發(fā)現(xiàn)時，勛章還裝在金屬盒子里，他非常驚訝。)”可知，勛章存放在盒子（box）里。故選C項。【6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：值得慶幸的是，獎章上刻著伯納德的名字和獎章號碼，大衛(wèi)用它在網(wǎng)上追蹤了這位前輩的電話號碼。A.Apparently顯然；B.Thankfully謝天謝地；C.Gradually逐漸；D.Consequently因此。能夠通過勛章上的信息找到失主，是一件慶幸的事，Thankfully符合語境。故選B項。【7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：值得慶幸的是，獎章上刻著伯納德的名字和獎章號碼，大衛(wèi)用它在網(wǎng)上追蹤了這位前輩的電話號碼。A.track追查；B.recall回想起；C.record記錄；D.dial撥號。句中的themedalwascarvedwithBernard’snameandthemedalnumber可知，勛章上的信息方便David追查（track）到失主的電話號碼。故選A項。【8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：(當這位退休警官接到電話說勛章在河里被發(fā)現(xiàn)時，勛章還裝在金屬盒子里，他非常驚訝。A.nervous緊張的；B.astonished驚訝；C.proud驕傲；D.embarrassed尷尬。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Hebelievedthemedalwasgoneforever.(他以為獎章永遠消失了。)”可知，原本伯納德認為，勛章再也找不回來了，但現(xiàn)在有人打電話告知勛章的下落，他驚訝，在情理之中。故選B項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當他被告知發(fā)現(xiàn)它的年輕人將把它交給他時，他的臉上露出了笑容。A.awarded授予；B.submitted屈服；C.presented提交，交給；D.addressed致辭。根據(jù)下文“DavidthenplannedavisittomeetBernardandreturnedthemedaltohim.(隨后，大衛(wèi)計劃去拜訪伯納德，并把獎章還給了他。)”可知，David不但找到了失主，還親自把勛章交給了（presented）他。故選C項?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這確實是清理垃圾的最好回報。A.drive驅(qū)動；B.proof證明；C.wish愿望；D.reward獎勵，回報。根據(jù)下文“It’samazing(這事令人驚奇)”，上文“Ipulledoutthe____5____,andit’sgot‘PoliceLongServiceMedal’writtenonit,Itreallywaslikefindinganeedleinahaystack(干草堆).(我拽出一個盒子，上面寫著‘警察長期服務勛章’，真的就像大海撈針一樣。)”可知，清理河道金屬垃圾的過程中，意外發(fā)現(xiàn)勛章，并歸還失主，實屬意料之外的好事，reward符合語境。故選D項。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】11.spotted12.tohelp13.easier【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述Mykel學習騎自行車時得到周圍孩子的幫助的故事?！?1題詳解】考查一般過去時。句意：當鄰居的孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)Mykel搖搖晃晃地控制著他的自行車時，他們跑過去幫忙。根據(jù)上文的時間狀語“Onaparticularsunnyday”及主句中的“raced”可知，文章是描述過去發(fā)生的事情，應用一般過去時，故填spotted?！?2題詳解】考查動詞不定式。句意同上。結合句意可知，此處表示目的，應用動詞不定式作目的狀語。故填tohelp?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞比較級。句意：有些事說起來容易做起來難。根據(jù)than可知此處應用形容詞比較級。故填easier?！敬鸢浮?4.producing15.when16.areused17.isrequired【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了芬蘭科學家提出的一個利用沙子的可再生發(fā)電方式?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：可再生發(fā)電方法，如風力渦輪機和太陽能電池板，只能在有風或有太陽的日子里提供電力?？涨盀榻樵~for，故空處需要填動名詞doing的形式構成“介賓”結構。故填producing?！?5題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：可再生發(fā)電方法，如風力渦輪機和太陽能電池板，只能在有風或有太陽的日子里提供電力。分析句子可知，此處為定語從句，修飾先行詞thedays，表“時間”，從句中不缺主、賓、表和定語，故填關系副詞。故填when?！?6題詳解】考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：用來儲存能量的電池價格昂貴，而且會造成污染。結合句意可知，此處為陳述客觀事實，故用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)即可；動詞use和復數(shù)主語Electricbatteries為動賓關系，故需要用被動語態(tài)bedone的形式。故填areused?！?7題詳解】考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：當需要能量時，空氣可以通過它來加熱。結合句意可知，此處為陳述客觀事實，故用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)即可；動詞require和單數(shù)主語energy為動賓關系，故需要用被動語態(tài)bedone的形式。故填isrequired。【答案】18.initially19.as20.freedom【解析】【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了寫詩讓人害怕的原因，并解釋道，詩歌不需要遵循“死板”的規(guī)則?！?8題詳解】考查副詞。句意：一開始寫詩的想法可能會讓人害怕——你是否需要遵循某種結構，它是否需要押韻，或者你是否需要背誦一本字典來成為一個“合適的”詩人？分析句子可知，空處去掉后不影響理解，故需要填副詞的形式作狀語。故填initially?！?9題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：雖然有一些“類型”的詩歌提供了結構作為指導，但現(xiàn)實是，詩歌并不一定要遵循一套規(guī)則。固定短語serveas表示“用作；充當；作為”，符合句意。故填as?！?0題詳解】考查名詞。句意：它更多的是傳達一種感覺，這為我們開辟了許多創(chuàng)作的自由，供我們探索。creative為形容詞表示“創(chuàng)新的；創(chuàng)作的”，alotof表示“很多”，故空處需要填名詞。故填freedom。第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)【答案】21.C22.B23.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹自然的未來獎(FFN)的目的，益處，資格和申請候選人等相關信息?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題TheFutureForNatureaimsto:中的“·Rewardandfundindividualsfortheiroutstandingeffortsintheprotectionofspeciesofwildanimalsandplants.(獎勵和資助在保護野生動植物物種方面做出突出努力的個人)”和“·Stimulateawardwinnerstosustaintheirdedicatedwork.(激勵獲獎者保持他們的敬業(yè)精神)”可知，F(xiàn)FN的目標之一是激勵保護工作，故選C?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題TheFutureForNatureaimsto:中的“·FFNisbuildingagrowingfamilyofwinners,dedicatedpeoplewhoformacommunityofpeoplewiththesameinterest.FFNoffersthemtheopportunitytomeeteachotherandconti