Unit2LessonsinlifeGrammar課件高二英語選擇性

Unit2Period2Grammar課前

導(dǎo)

入A:Thebirdiseatingworms.B:Howcanyouchangethesentenceintopassivevoice?A:Worms_______________bythebird!arebeingeaten課堂學(xué)習(xí)Passivevoice1Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandmatchthemtothereasonswhythepassivevoiceisused.aOndiscoveringthatMorrieisbeingweakenedbyasevereillness,…b…TuesdayswithMorrieisjustmadeupofacollectionofover-emotionalthoughtsandmessages,…cAboxoftissueswillbeneededtogetthroughthisbook!1

Thesubjectisnotknown,isunimportant,oris“peopleingeneral”andcanbeomitted.2Thefocusofthesentenceisontherecipientoftheaction,notonthesubjectofthesentence.3Thesubjectgoeswithlengthyexpressionsthatarebetterputattheend.cabNowlookformoresentenceswiththepassivevoiceinthereadingpassageandtalkaboutwhyitisused.【語法講解】動詞的語態(tài)(voices)動詞語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。

主語是動作的發(fā)出者為主動語態(tài)；主語是動作的接受者為被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)的各種時態(tài)及構(gòu)成一般時進行時完成時現(xiàn)在am/is/aredoneis/am/arebeingdonehas/havebeendone過去was/weredonewas/werebeingdonehadbeendone將來shall/willbedone無shall/willhavebeendone主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)記憶口訣一般現(xiàn)、過用bedone,be有人稱、時、數(shù)變。完成時態(tài)havedone,被動將been加中間。一般將來shall(will)do,被動變do為bedone。將來進行無被動,shall(will)bedoing。現(xiàn)在完成進行同,have(has)beendoing?，F(xiàn)、過進行bedoing,被動be加beingdone。情、助、有、是妥安排,一律隨新主語變。否定助后加not,疑問一助置主前。主語恰是疑問詞,直陳語序主在前。一般情助加bedone,雙賓多將間賓變。復(fù)合賓語賓變主,賓補、主補相應(yīng)變?！厩蓪W(xué)助記】

不同時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)1.現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)

(is/am/arebeingdone)(1)現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)可以表示此時此刻或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的被動動作，還可以表示一種經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的被動行為，常與always,constantly等連用，往往帶有贊揚、責(zé)備、厭煩、埋怨等感情色彩。e.g.Sheisalwaysbeingpraisedbytheteacher.(2)現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)還可以與情態(tài)動詞連用，表示說話者對正在發(fā)生的被動行為的推測。e.g.Hemaybebeinginterviewedintheoffice.【牛刀小試】1.Thequestion__________________(discuss)atthemeetingnow.2.Thechildren_____________________(takecareof)bytheiraunt.

isbeingdiscussedarebeingtakencareof3.Johnisnothere.

Hemust____________________(interview).bebeinginterviewed【牛刀小試】2.Theroom______already_____________(clean).3.Thechild___________________(takecareof)bygrandmaalltheseyears.1.Thework_______________(do)byhim.hasbeendone

hasbeencleanedhasbeentakencareof3.一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)(1)一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)可以表示正在進行，比如有些表示狀態(tài)、心理活動、情感等的動詞，常用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)表示正在進行。e.g.Youarewantedonthephone.(2)“be+under/in/on+名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)也可以表示現(xiàn)在進行時被動語態(tài)的含義。e.g.Theproblemisunderdiscussionnow.=Theproblemisbeingdiscussednow.(3)有些動詞進行時的主動形式就可以表示被動的含義，常見的有print,cook,fry,bake,burn,hang等。

e.g.Thehouseisburning.【牛刀小試】1.Thenewinternationalairportisstill______construction.2.Themeat___________(cook).

underiscooking4.過去進行時的被動語態(tài)(was/werebeingdone)(1)過去進行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的同它的主動語態(tài)一樣，表示過去正在進行的被動動作。e.g.Treeswerebeingplantedbythematthistimeyesterday.(2)過去進行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)一般不與表示一段時間的狀語或表示次數(shù)的狀語連用，這時需要用完成時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。(3)少數(shù)及物動詞的的進行時表示按計劃、安排將要承受某個動作。e.g.Somerockmusicisbeingplayedbythemnext.(4)過去進行時的被動語態(tài)否定式為was/were+not+being+done。過去進行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的一般疑問句需將was/were提到主語的前面。e.g.Wasanewlibrarybeingputupintheirschooljustthen？【牛刀小試】1.Anotherbridge_______________(build)overtheChangjiangRiverthen.2.Computer_______________(major)byhimduringhiscollege.wasbeingbuilt

wasbeingmajored5.將來完成時的被動語態(tài)(shall/willhavebeendone)將來完成時的被動語態(tài)表示相對于現(xiàn)在來說將要完成的被動性動作。將來完成時的被動語態(tài)與過去將來完成時的被動語態(tài)用法區(qū)別將來完成時的被動語態(tài)表示相對于現(xiàn)在來說將要完成的被動性動作，而過去將來完成時的被動語態(tài)表示相對于過去某一時刻來說將要完成的被動性動作。e.g.Thisoilfieldwillhavebeenopenedbytheendofnextmonth.

到下月底為止，這塊油田將被開采。析：該句表示相對于現(xiàn)在來說的下月底這塊油田將被開采。

【牛刀小試】1.Thiscar___________________(drive)bySmithforfiveyearsbynextmonth.2.Johnsaidtheletter______________________(finish)bysupper.willhavebeendrivenwouldhavebeenfinished【鞏固練習(xí)】Usethepassivevoicelearnedinthisunittotranslatethefollowingparagraphs.Samples:Myschoolissituatedinthewestofthecounty.Manyflowersandtreeshavebeenplantedintheschoolyard,soitisverybeautiful.Anofficebuildingandalabarebeingconstructed.Lastyear,anewplaygroundwasbuilt.Itissaidthatadininghallwillbesetupnextyear.Theclassroomsanddormitoriesarecleanedeveryday,sotheyarecleanandtidy.Everyyear,myschool’scollegeentranceexaminationresultsarerankedtopinthewholecity.Myschoolisworthvisiting.2Rewritetheparagraphusingthepassivevoicewhereappropriate.Sinceancienttimes,storytellinghasbeenawaytoshareandpassonwisdom.OneimportantearlyworkthatdidsowasAesop’sFables,acollectionofstoriesthathistorycreditstoAesop,aGreekstoryteller.PeoplebelievethathelivedinAncientGreecebetween620BCand564BC.Mostofthecharactersinhisstoriesareanimals,thequalitiesofwhichAesopusedtoreflecthuman

traitsandwisdom.EachfableteachesalifelessonthatAesopsummarisesinashortphraseattheendofthestory,calledamoral.Today,childrenandadultsallaroundtheworldstillenjoyAesop’sFables.Sinceancienttimes,storytellinghasbeenawaytoshareandpassonwisdom.OneimportantearlyworkthatdidsowasAesop’sFables,acollectionofstoriesthatiscreditedtoAesop,aGreekstoryteller.ItisbelievedthatAesoplivedinAncientGreecebetween620BCand564BC.Mostofthecharactersinhisstoriesareanimals,thequalitiesofwhichwereusedtoreflecthumantraitsandwisdombyAesop.Eachfableteachesalifelessonthatissummarisedinashortphraseattheendofthestory,calledamoral.Today,Aesop’sFablesisstillenjoyedbychildrenandadultsallaroundtheworld.Samples:3LookatthepicturesandwritethestoryfromAesop’sFables.Usethepassivevoicewhereappropriate.Onedayalittlemousewascaughtbyalion...Samples:Onedayalittlemousewascaughtbyalion.Thelionwanted