江蘇省南京市第二十九中2020-2021學年高二上學期十二月調研英語試題

南京市第29中學2022屆高二12月階段性檢測（時間：120分鐘總分：150分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt？A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthemanplanningtodo?A.Makesomecheese.B.Goonatrip.C.FindajobinParis.2.Whatisthetimenow?A.8o’clock.B.10o’clock.C.12o’clock.3Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Alocalartist.B.Theman’ssalary.C.Anapartmenttolet.4.HowdoesDr.Heathspendmostofhistime?A.Givinglectures.B.Conductingresearch.C.Doingofficework.5.WhydoesElainecallPeter?A.Toborrowhisnotes.B.Toexplainherabsence.C.Todiscussthepresentation.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分；滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7題。6.WhatisJuliadoing?A.Askingaboutherorder.B.Reportingaputerproblem.CConfirmingavisittoapany.7.Whenwillthechairsarrivetoday?A.Atabout10am.B.Around12noon.C.By4pm.聽下面一段對話，回答第8至第10題。8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Coursedesign.B.Courseregistration.C.Courseevaluation.9.Whatcoursedidthewomanchoose?A.InternationalTrade.B.ModernHistory.C.Chemistry.10.WhatwillJackdototakemathematics?A.Waitforanopening.B.Applytothedepartment.C.SpeaktoProfessorAnderson.聽下面一段對話，回答第11至第13題。11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inashop.B.Inacanteen.C.Inanoffice.12.Whatbothersthewoman?A.Herputerisdown.B.Herpaperismissing.C.Herhandisaching.13.Whenisthewoman’sreportdue?A.Wednesday.B.Friday.C.NextMonday.聽下面一段對話，回答第14至第17題。14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Writingabook.B.Preparingalecture.C.Searchingforreferences.15.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Makehistopicmorespecific.B.Getapletereadinglist.C.Readatleastsixbooks.16.Whatisthemangoingtofocuson?A.Hollywoodinthe1920s.B.20thcenturyHollywoodmovies.C.GoldenAgeHollywoodedies.17.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Studentandteacher.B.Readerandlibrarian.C.Customerandshopassistant.聽下面一段獨白，回答第18至20題。18.Whatwilltheweatherbelikeinhighplacesthisevening?A.There’llbeshowers.B.There’llbeheavymist.C.There’llbestrongwinds.19.Howwillthedaystartincoastalareastomorrow?A.Cloudy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.20.Whencanholidaymakersexpectgoodweather?A.Thisweekend.B.Endofthismonth.C.Nextmonth.第二部閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AIreland:BeautyandaLongHistoryofSeparationIrelandishometoancientkingsandchiefs,giantsandfairies.ForyearsithasexistedastwoIrelands,andBrexitcouldworsenthatdivision.DiscoverthelivelycitiesofDublinandBelfast,andtastepints,drinkawhiskeyoreatfreshoysters(牡蠣).JourneyHighlightsMeetstorytellersandexpertsforinsightintothetruestoryofIreland'shistory.GetthefulltasteofIreland,experiencingseaweed,oystersandwhiskey.SwissFamilyAdventure:AnActiveJourneyThroughtheAlps.TheSwissAlpsaretheperfectfamilyplayground,providingafunandrelaxingsummerplaceforallages.Toweringpeaks,rushingwaterfallsandpeacefulmeadowsburstingwithwildflowersprovidethecalmbackdropforavarietyofactiveprograms.Thiseightdayprogramissuitedtoanyonewithasenseofadventure,andespeciallyforfamilieswithchildrenages7to14.JourneyHighlightsExploretheheartbeatingFirstCliffWalkinGrindelwald.CruiseLakeThuntothetownofSpiez.Explorethecastleherewherechildrencanbee“KnightsinTraining".ClimateChangeinNewOrleans:AmeetingandobservationTheeffectofclimatechangeandextremeweatherisalltoonoticeableinthedisastrouschangesthatarehappeningalongtheLouisianaGulfJourneyHighlightsTakeaspecialtouroftheleveesystemontheMississippiRiversurroundingNewOrleanstoseeitsimportanceinprotectingthearea.LearnhowclimatechangeaffectsNewOrleansandtheGulfregionfromscientists.ActiveArgentinaandPatagoniaArgentinaistheactiveadventurers’dreamdestination.Fromcathedrallikepeakstoicyglaciers,thisactive,multisportrouteinvitesyoutoexploretheLakeDistrict,hikeinviewoftheFitzRoyMassif,sailtoglaciersandridehorses.JourneyHighlightsGokayakingonLagoGutierrezandhiketosurprisinglakesinNahuelCruisebyboatingtothefaceofthePeritoMorenoGlacier.Visitaworkingranchforacloserlookatfarmerlife.1.Whichactivitywillmakeyoufeelthrilled?A.VisitingaworkingranchinArgentina.B.WalkingonthebankoftheMississippiRiver.C.ListeningtothetruestoryD.ExploringFirstCliffWalkinGrindelwald2.WhoissuitableforthejourneytoNewOrleans?A.Historians. B.AdventurersC.Sailors D.Environmentalists3.WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoexploretheLakeDistrict?A.InSwiss. B.InArgentina.C.InIreland. D.InNewOrleans.【答案】1.D2.D3.B【解析】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了幾個著名的旅游線路，以及可以欣賞到的獨特風景等情況?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第二部分“SwissFamilyAdventure:AnActiveJourneyThroughtheAlps.”提到的“ExploretheheartbeatingFirstCliffWalkinGrindelwald.”（在格林德瓦爾德探索心跳加速的FirstCliffWalk。）可知，探索FirstCliffWalkinGrindelwald.可讓人心跳加快，讓人興奮異常。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三部分“ClimateChangeinNewOrleans:Ameetingandobservation”中提及的“TheeffectofclimatechangeandextremeweatherisalltoonoticeableinthedisastrouschangesthatarehappeningalongtheLouisianaGulfCoast.SpendfourdaysinNewOrleansexposedtotheissuesaroundglobalclimatechangeanditseffectsonhumanhealth,andnaturalecosystems.”（氣候變化和極端天氣的影響在路易斯安那海灣沿岸發(fā)生的災難性變化中尤為明顯。在新奧爾良呆四天，了解全球氣候變化及其對人類健康和自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響。）可知，本段的信息主要涉及氣候變化的影響,因此對于環(huán)保主義者來說，是適合的。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第四部分“ActiveArgentinaandPatagonia”中提及的“Fromcathedrallikepeakstoicyglaciers,thisactive,multisportrouteinvitesyoutoexploretheLakeDistrict”（從大教堂般的山峰到冰冷的冰川，這個活躍的，多運動的路線邀請你探索湖區(qū)。）可知，在阿根廷可以探索到湖區(qū)。故選B項。BOneofthecostsofbeingaloverofoldtreesisthealltoofrequentlossofabeautifulsoulyou'vegrownfondof.Lastsummerwasharderthanmostforoldtreesandtheirhumansupporters.Thespring'snonstoprainsfloodedsoilsandcausedrootsystemsofmanylarge,oldtreestorotinpart.Then,whenthesummercame,treescouldnottapdeepsourcesofwaterthatwouldnormallyhavemaintained(維持）them.Manyvaluableoldtreesdied.WhenIvolunteeredontheMountRainierTreemission,Iheardfrommanypeopleconcernedabouttheirtrees.Wehadlittletoofferthem.That'sbecausepublicandprivateurbantreeresourcesandprogramswereaimedalmostentirelyatplantingtreesandnotatallmaintainingtrees.NostateorprovinceprogramthatIcouldfindprovidedanyfinancialresourcesformaintainingtreehealth.Smallandunderresourcedcitiessuchasourswereontheirown.Thisisbackward.Scientistsarelearningthatlarge,oldtreesarethemostvaluable,especiallyincities.Theyputonwoodfastestandtakethemostcarbonoutoftheair.Theyharborthemostwildlife.Theycanlowersummertemperaturesby20degreesormore.Inarecentstudy,researchersfoundthatBostonwouldgetmorebenefitfromkeepingthetreesithasalivethanfromplantingnewtrees.There'sreasontothinkthisfindingwouldapplyinothercities,too.Now,ourpublicandprivatetreeprogramsoftenignoreoldtreesuntilitistoolate.Aslongasweabandonouroldtrees,plantingmoreismerelytokeeppacewithgrowinglosses.Wewanttreestohelpprotectus,butweleavethemunprotected.Considerthisinthehumanworld:Nobodywouldsendababyintotheworldandexpectittojustmakeit.Childrenneedcaringforandit'swhywehaveschoolsandchildhealthinsuranceprograms.Wecouldgetsomuchmoreoutofourtreesifwejustputalittlemoreintothem.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraph1suggest?AStrongdeterminationtoplanttrees.B.Realregretatgrowingoldtrees.C.Greatconcernabouttreeproblems.D.Deeploveforvaluableoldtrees.5.Whywastheauthoralmostpowerlesstohelppeopleworriedabouttheirtrees?A.Theurbantreeprogramswerefacedwithfinancialproblems.B.Theauthor'sknowledgeofmaintainingtreehealthwaslimited.C.Thefocusofthetreeresourcesandprogramswasontreeplanting.D.Theorganizationtheauthorvolunteeredonwasshortoftreeexperts.6.Theauthorarguesinparagraph3by.A.paringdifferentcasesB.presentingresearchfindingsC.referringtoscientists'sayingsD.carryingoutsomeexperiments7.Whydoestheauthorgivetheexampleofnursingbabiesintheend?A.Tostresstheimportanceoftreeinsuranceprograms.B.Toshowthecloseconnectionbetweentreesandbabies.C.Toadvocateprotectingtreesashumanscareforbabies.D.Topersuadehumanbeingstopaymoreattentiontobabies.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。通過對一些古樹死去，大樹能夠提供人們的資源的描述，來提倡我們要保護樹木，才能從樹木身上獲取更多的益處?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段Lastsummerwasharderthanmostforoldtreesandtheirhumansupporters.…Manyvaluableoldtreesdied.去年夏天對于古樹和它們的人類支持者來說比以往任何時候都艱難。春季不間斷的雨水淹沒了土壤，導致許多大型古樹根系部分腐爛。然后，當夏天到來時，樹木就不能從深層的水源中獲取水分，而這些水分通常可以維持它們的生長。許多珍貴的古樹死了。對于古樹和人類支持者來說都很艱難，因為他們失去了他們喜愛的古樹。由此可以推斷第一句主要描述的是古樹愛好者對古樹的愛，故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段WhenIvolunteeredontheMountRainierTreemission,Iheardfrommanypeopleconcernedabouttheirtrees.Wehadlittletoofferthem.That'sbecausepublicandprivateurbantreeresourcesandprogramswereaimedalmostentirelyatplantingtreesandnotatallmaintainingtrees.當我在雷尼爾山樹木委員會做志愿者時，我聽到許多人關心他們的樹木。我們幾乎沒有什么可以提供給他們。這是因為公共和私人城市樹木資源和項目幾乎完全是為了種樹，而不是維護樹木。由此可知作者無力幫助擔心樹木的人們，是因為樹木資源和計劃的重點是植樹。故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第三段Inarecentstudy,researchersfoundthatBostonwouldgetmorebenefitfromkeepingthetreesithasalivethanfromplantingnewtrees.There'sreasontothinkthisfindingwouldapplyinothercities,too.在最近的一項研究中，研究人員發(fā)現，波士頓從保持現有樹木存活中獲得的好處要比種植新的樹木多。我們有理由認為，這一發(fā)現也適用于其他城市。由此判斷出本段是通過提出調查結果來進行論證的。故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段Considerthisinthehumanworld:Nobodywouldsendababyintotheworldandexpectittojustmakeit.Childrenneedcaringforandit'swhywehaveschoolsandchildhealthinsuranceprograms.Wecouldgetsomuchmoreoutofourtreesifwejustputalittlemoreintothem.想想人類世界的情況吧：沒有人會把一個嬰兒送到這個世界上，然后指望他能活下來。孩子們需要照顧，這就是為什么我們有學校和兒童健康保險計劃。我們可以從我們的樹木中得到更多，如果我們只是多關心他們一點。由此比喻可以推斷作者是在呼吁人們要關心和保護樹木。故選C。【點睛】推理判斷題的推斷對象主要包括隱含意思、目標讀者、觀點態(tài)度、文章出處、寫作意圖等。以推斷隱含意義的題目居多。推斷隱含意義，即要求根據文章的某個句子、段落或全文所提供的事實進行邏輯推理，推斷出作者沒有提到、沒有明說或者可能發(fā)生的事實。題干中常含infer（推斷），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推斷，得出結論）等詞語。解此類題，首先找到相關信息，然后細讀、理解相關信息的字面意義，最后結合語境和常識，在字面意義的基礎上進行符合邏輯的推斷，從而理解作者的言外之意。如小題1，根據第一段Lastsummerwasharderthanmostforoldtreesandtheirhumansupporters.…Manyvaluableoldtreesdied.去年夏天對于古樹和它們的人類支持者來說比以往任何時候都艱難。春季不間斷的雨水淹沒了土壤，導致許多大型古樹根系部分腐爛。然后，當夏天到來時，樹木就不能從深層的水源中獲取水分，而這些水分通?？梢跃S持它們的生長。許多珍貴的古樹死了。對于古樹和人類支持者來說都很艱難，因為他們失去了他們喜愛的古樹。由此可以推斷第一句主要描述的是古樹愛好者對古樹的愛，故選D。CWhatmakesyoucry?Beingmovedbyasadmovie,wavingalovedoneoff,orgettingemotionalaftersplittingupwithyourpartnercanallcausetearstorolldownourfaces.Weallhavethepowertocry,butisthatagoodthing?Whenyouthinkaboutit,shedding(流)tearsfromyoureyesisastrangethingtodo.Butitseemstobeanautomatic(無意識的)reactionwhenwegetsad,upsetorevenwhenwe'reveryhappy.Whatcausesthisreactiondiffersfrompersontoperson.However,thefeelingisthesame——yourcheekspuffup(鼓起),youreyestightenandbeforeyouknowit,tearsarestreamingdownyourface.Someofusmaysnifflealittlewhileothersmightcrylikeababy——andsomepeoplesuggestthatit'swomenwhocrymorethanmen.AstudyintheUKin2017foundthatwomenadmittedthattheycry72timesayear.Thiswas,onaverage,morethanmen.WritingfortheBBC,AdamRutherfordsays“Accordingtoprettymucheverystudydone,womendocrymorethanmen,andthisresulthasbeenconsistentsincewe'vebeenlooking.”Butdoesthismeanmendon'tgetasupsetoremotionalaswomen,oraretheyjustmoreembarrassedaboutshowingtheirtruefeelings?Thedebatecontinues.Oneplacewhereweexperienceemotionalandtearfuloutburstsisintheworkplace.Thiscanbesomewherewhereemotionsrunhigh——someonemightbestressed,theirworkloadmightbetoomuch,and,astherapist,JoannaCrosssaid,“cryingisoftenabuildupoffrustrationandundealtwithsituationsandit'sabitofafinalstrawmoment.”Shedescribeshowsomeonemightstartweepingwhenthey'rejustaskedtomakeacupofteabecause,“actuallythat'softenabacklog(積壓)ofsituations.”Butcryingintheofficeorelsewherecanbebeneficial:itcanactuallymakeyoufeelbetter.Maybeitdissolvesorclearsthenegativeorsadfeelingsyou'vehad.Cryingyoureyesoutshowsothershowyoufeel,soperhapsit'sacryingshamethatmoreofus,particularlymen,don'tcrymoreoften.8.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?A.Babiescrymostwithoutgoodreasons.B.Peoplecryforthesamereasons.C.Beinghappycancauseyoutocryalot.D.Itisnaturalforpeopletocryactually.9.Whathasremainedargumentamongresearchers?A.Whatcausesmentocryless. B.Whysomeonecrieslikeababy.C.Whoiseasytogetemotional. D.Howembarrassingcryingis.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“afinalstrawmoment”mean?A.Whenonecan'ttoleratethestress. B.Whenonefinallyfinisheshiswork.C.Whenonedoesworkatafinalmoment. D.Whenonegetsboredatwork.11.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofournotcrying?A.Itisasignofourstrongcharacter. B.Itisasymbolofouremotion.C.Itisakindofpity. D.Itisawayofushidingourfeelings.【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文討論眼淚的力量和哭泣的好處。【詳解】1.推理判斷題。根據第二段的“Butitseemstobeanautomaticreactionwhenwegetsad,upsetorevenwhenwereveryhappy.”可知，但當我們感到悲傷、不安甚至是非常高興的時候，這似乎是一種自動的反應。說明哭泣是一種自然的現象。故選D。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段的“Butdoesthismeanmendon'tgetasupsetoremotionalaswomen,oraretheyjustmoreembarrassedaboutshowingtheirtruefeelings?Thedebatecontinues.”可知，但男人并不是不會像女人那樣心煩意亂或情緒化，或許他們只是在表達自己的真實感受時更尷尬。故選A。3.短語猜測題。根據畫線詞前面的“Cryingisoftenabuildupoffrustrationandundealtwithsituations”可知，哭泣通常是挫折感的累積，是對情況的不適應，因此哭泣是最后無法忍受壓力的反應，故選A。4.推理判斷題。根據最后一段“perhapsit'sacryingshamethatmoreofus,particularlymen,don'tcrymoreoften”可知，也許我們中的更多人，尤其是男人，不經常哭泣是一種遺憾。故選C。DFranzKafkawrotethat“abookmustbetheaxforthefrozenseainsideus.”Ioncesharedthissentencewithaclassofseventhgraders,anditdidn’tseemtorequireanyexplanation.We’djustfinishedJohnSteinbeck’snovelOfMiceandMen.Whenwereadtheendtogetheroutloudinclass,mytoughestboy,astarbasketballplayer,weptalittle,andsodidI.“Areyoucrying?”onegirlasked,asshegotoutofherchairtotakeacloserlook.“Iam,”Itoldher,“andthefunnythingisI’vereaditmanytimes.”Buttheyunderstood.WhenGeorgeshootsLennie,thetragedyisthatwerealizeitwasalwaysgoingtohappen.Inmy14yearsofteachinginaNewYorkCitypublicmiddleschool,I’vetaughtkidswithimprisonedparents,abusiveparents,irresponsibleparents;kidswhoareparentsthemselves;kidswhoarehomeless;kidswhogrewupinviolentneighborhoods.Theyunderstand,morethanIeverwill,thenovel’sterriblelogic—thegivingwayofdreamstofate.Forthelastsevenyears,Ihaveworkedasareadingenrichmentteacher,readingclassicworksofliteraturewithsmallgroupsofstudentsfromgradessixtoeight.Ioriginallyproposedthisideatomyheadmasterafterlearningthataformerexcellentstudentofminehadtransferredoutofaselectivehighschool—onethatoftenattractstheliterarymindedchildrenofManhattan’supperclasses—intoalesspetitivesetting.Thedaughterofimmigrants,withafatherinprison,sheperhapsfeltunfortablewithhernewclassmates.Ithoughtadditional“culturalcapital”couldhelpstudentslikeherdevelopbetterinhighschool,wheretheywouldunavoidablymeet,perhapsforthefirsttime,studentswhocamefromhomeslinedwithbookshelves,whoseparentshadearnedPh.D.’s.AlongwithOfMiceandMen,mygroupsread:Sounder,TheRedPony,LordoftheFlies,RomeoandJulietandMacbeth.Thestudentsdidn’talwaysreadfromtheexpectedpointofview.AboutTheRedPony,onestudentsaid,“it’saboutbeingaman,it’saboutmanliness.”IhadneverbeforeseentheparallelsbetweenScarfaceandMacbeth,norhadIheardLadyMacbeth’ssoliloquies(獨白)readasraps,butbothmadesense;theinterpretationswereplayful,butserious.OnceintroducedtoSteinbeck’swriting,oneboywentontoreadTheGrapesofWrathandtoldmerepeatedlyhowamazingitwasthat“allthesepeoplehateeachother,andthey’reallwhite.”Hishistoricalviewwasbroadening,hissenseofhisowncountrydeepening.Yearafteryear,formerstudentsvisitedandtoldmehowpreparedtheyhadfeltintheirfirstyearincollegeasaresultoftheclasses.Yearafteryear,however,weareincreasingthenumberofpracticetests.Wearetryingtoteachstudentstoreadincreasinglyplextexts,notforemotionalpunch(碰撞)butfortextplexity.Yet,wecannotenrichthemindsofourstudentsbytestingthemontextsthatignoretheirhearts.Weareteachingthemthatwordsdonotamazebutconfuse.Wemaysucceedinraisingtestscores,butwewillfailtoteachthemthatreadingcanbetransformativeandthatitbelongstothem.12.TheunderlinedwordsinParagraph1probablymeanthatabookhelpsto__________.A.realizeourdreams B.givesupporttoourlifeC.awakeouremotions D.smoothawaydifficulties13.WhywerethestudentsabletounderstandthenovelOfMiceandMen?A.Becausetheyspentmuchtimereadingit.B.Becausetheyhadsimilarlifeexperiences.C.Becausetheycamefromapublicschool.D.Becausetheyhadreadthenovelbefore.14.Thegirllefttheselectivehighschoolpossiblybecause__________.A.shewasaliterarymindedgirl B.herparentswereimmigrantsC.herfatherwastheninprison D.shecouldn’tfitinwithherclass15.Theauthorwritesthepassagemainlyto__________.A.advocateteachingliteraturetotouchtheheartB.introduceclassicworksofliteratureC.argueforequalityamonghighschoolstudentsD.defendthecurrenttestingsystem【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】本文為夾議夾敘類文章。在文章中，作者分享了自己的閱讀教學經驗，認為學生有著自己對書本的理解，提倡文學教學要觸動心靈，而不是為了應付考試?！?2題詳解】句意猜測題。閱讀全文可知，作者寫這篇文章是提倡文學教學要觸動心靈，而不是為了應付考試。以及根據第一段下劃線句子“abookmustbetheaxforthefrozenseainsideus.（一本書必須是斧子，用來劈開我們內心冰冷的大海。）”可知，該句表達的意思是一本書可以幫助喚醒我們的情感。故選C項。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“Whenwereadtheendtogetheroutloudinclass,mytoughestboy,astarbasketballplayer,weptalittle（當我們在課堂上一起大聲朗讀結局時，我們班最堅強的男孩，一位籃球明星，流下了眼淚）”可知，最堅強的男孩與故事有著相似的經歷，感同身受，流下了眼淚；由此可推測，其他同學也有相同經歷，能夠理解這本小說。故選B項。【14題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段“···aselectivehighschool—onethatoftenattractstheliterarymindedchildrenofManhattan’supperclasses.（······這所高中經常吸引曼哈頓上層階級有文學頭腦的孩子）”以及下文“Thedaughterofimmigrants,withafatherinprison,sheperhapsfeltunfortablewithhernewclassmates.（她是移民的女兒，父親入獄，她可能覺得和新同學在一起很不舒服。）”可知，女孩可能覺得自己的家庭跟同學家庭之間有很大差距，與同學們相處不舒服，無法融入班級。故選D項。【15題詳解】目的意圖題。根據最后一段“Wearetryingtoteachstudentstoreadincreasinglyplextexts,notforemotionalpunchbutfortextplexity.Yet,wecannotenrichthemindsofourstudentsbytestingthemontextsthatignoretheirhearts.（我們正試圖教學生閱讀日益復雜的課文,不為情感的碰撞，而為了研究復雜的課文。然而，我們不能通過忽略學生內心的測試來豐富他們的思想）”以及“Wemaysucceedinraisingtestscores,butwewillfailtoteachthemthatreadingcanbetransformativeandthatitbelongstothem.（我們可能成功地提高了考試成績，但我們無法讓他們明白閱讀具有變革性，閱讀是屬于他們的。）”可知，作者寫這篇文章是提倡文學教學要觸動心靈，而不是為了應付考試。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Improvingasarunnerisaboutmorethanjustrunningallofthetime.___16___Inthatcase,youcanmakelargeimprovementsasarunnerinarelativelyshorttime,nomatterwhatyoursport,race,orrunninghabits.___17___Itismonforrunnerstopushthemselvesaboutthesameamounteachtime,runningsimilarlychallengingrunsandgraduallyincreasingdifficulty.Outstandingrunners,however,alternate(交替)aneasy,restingrunwithaverychallengingone.Itisduringthesedifficultruns，whenyoureallypushyourself,thatyourbodysnakesthemostsignificantgains.___18___Rather,itishelpingrebuildandrelaxthemusclesneededforyourbigruns.Keeparelaxedbutstrongupperbodytoconserveenergyefficiently.Youwanttokeepyourchin(下巴)upandyourshouldersback,withloose,relaxedarmandhandmuscles.Yourelbowsarebentat90degreesbutswingfreely.Ifanything,theonlymusclesyouwanttofocusonkeepingstrongandtightaretheonesinyourcore(核心).___19___Useyourlightruntoworkupalightsweat.Ahigherbodytemperatureensuresyourmusclesarelooseandflexible,andyourbodyispumpingbloodeffectivelythroughout.Foreverythingotherthaneasyruns,usethefirstfivetotenminutestobuildalightsweatandgetyourbodyreadyforexercise.___20___Slowlypickupspeedforshort10secondruns,thenreturntonormalwarmuppace.Thishelpsprepareyourmusclesforspeed.A.Don'tfeellikeaneasydayis"cheating"B.Alternateeasyandhardrunstobuildstrengthrapidly.C.Evenfiveminutesofwalkingisagoodwaytogetstarted.D."Warmingup"trulymeansyouwanttowarmupyourbody.E.Youaretopayalittleattentiontodetailsandasmarttrainingplan.F.That'sbecausethiswillnaturallyhelpyouefficientlychannelenergy.G.Remembertorelaxyourfaceandneckmusclesinsteadoftensingthem【答案】16.E17.B18.A19.F20.C【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何有技巧地訓練自己成為一個杰出的跑步者?！?6題詳解】下文Inthatcase,youcanmakelargeimprovementsasarunnerinarelativelyshorttime,nomatterwhatyoursport,race,orrunninghabits.(這種情況下，無論你從事什么樣的運動、比賽，或有什么樣的跑步習慣，你都可以在相對較短的時間內取得巨大的進步。)與E.Youaretopayalittleattentiontodetailsandasmarttrainingplan.(你需要注意一些細節(jié)并(制定)一個巧妙的訓練計劃)承接自然，下文的“這種情況”就是選項所提到的“制定細節(jié)和訓練計劃”，故選E項?！?7題詳解】根據下文的Itismonforrunnerstopushthemselvesaboutthesameamounteachtime,runningsimilarlychallengingrunsandgraduallyincreasingdifficulty.Outstandingrunners,however,alternate(交替)aneasy,restingrunwithaverychallengingone.(在跑步時逐漸增加難度、對自己提出挑戰(zhàn)、施加壓力是很常見的。然而，杰出的跑步者會交替進行一種簡單、休息式的跑步和一種非常有挑戰(zhàn)性的跑步。)可知，本段主要講述跑步時要進行輕松和艱難模式的交替，且快速積累能量。因此B.Alternateeasyandhardrunstobuildstrengthrapidly.(要交替進行輕松和艱難的跑步，快速積聚力量。)可以作為本段中心句，故選B項。【18題詳解】下文Rather,itishelpingrebuildandrelaxthemusclesneededforyourbigruns.(它幫助你為進行大量運動重塑并放松你的肌肉。)與A.Don'tfeellikeaneasydayis"cheating".(不要覺得輕松的一天就是在‘作弊’。)承接自然，“輕松”的一天對你有巨大幫助，下文的it就指代選項中的aneasyday，故選A項?！?9題詳解】上文Yourelbowsarebentat90degreesbutswingfreely.Ifanything,theonlymusclesyouwanttofocusonkeepingstrongandtightaretheonesinyourcore(核心).(將你的手肘彎曲成90度，自然擺動。集中注意保持你的核心肌肉處于緊繃的狀態(tài)。)與F.That'sbecausethiswillnaturallyhelpyouefficientlychannelenergy.(因為這樣會自然地幫助你有效地輸送能量。)承接自然，選項是將手肘彎曲成90度的作用，故選F項?！?0題詳解】上文Foreverythingotherthaneasyruns,usethefirstfivetotenminutestobuildalightsweatandgetyourbodyreadyforexercise.(除了簡單的跑步外，先用5到10分鐘來做一些(能讓你)輕微出汗的運動從而讓你的身體準備好去運動。)與C.Evenfiveminutesofwalkingisagoodwaytogetstarted.(即使步行五分鐘也是一個很好的開始方式)承接自然，fiveminutes是關鍵詞，故選C項。第三部分英語知識運用（共三節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。MachinesorlearningTheclassicmodelofeducation—aburstatthestartandtopupsthroughpanytraining—is____21____.Onereasonistheneedfornew,andconstantlyupdated,skills.Manufacturing____22____callsforbrainworkratherthanmetalbashing.The____23____oftheAmericanworkforceemployedinroutineofficejobsdeclinedfrom25.5%to21%between1996and2015.Thesingle,stablecareerhasgonethewayoftheRolodex.Pushingpeopleintoeverhigherlevelsof____24____educationatthestartoftheirlivesisnotthewaytocope.Just16%ofAmericansthinkthatafouryearcollegedegree_____25_____studentsverywellforagoodjob.Althoughavocationaleducationpromisesthatvitalfirsthire,thosewith____26____trainingtendtowithdrawfromthelabourforceearlierthanthosewithgeneraleducation—perhapsbecausetheyareless____27____.Atthesametimeonthejobtrainingis____28____.InAmericaandBritainithasfallenbyroughlyhalfinthepasttwodecades.Selfemploymentisspreading,leavingmorepeopletotakeresponsibilityfortheirownskills.Takingtimeoutlaterinlifeto____29____aformalqualificationisanoption,butitcostsmoneyandmostcollegesaregearedtowardsyoungsters.Themarketis_____30_____toenableworkerstolearnandearninnewways.ProvidersfromGeneralAssemblytoPluralsightarebuildingbusinessesonthe_____31_____ofboostingandrebootingcareers.Massiveopenonlinecourses(MOOCs)haveveeredawayfromlecturesonPlatoorblackholesinfavorofcoursesthatmaketheirstudentsmoreemployable.AtUdacityandCourseraselfimproverspayforcheap,shortprogramsthatbestow“microcredentials”and“nanodegrees”in,say,selfdrivingcarsortheAndroidoperatingsystem.Byofferingdegreesonline,universitiesare_____32_____iteasierforprofessionalstoburnishtheirskills.Asinglemaster’sprogrammefromGeorgiaTechcouldexpandtheannualoutputofputersciencemaster’sdegreesinAmericabycloseto10%.Sucheffortsdemonstratehowtointerleavecareersandlearning.Butlefttoitsowndevices,thisnascentmarketwillmainlyservethosewhoalreadyhave_____33_____.Itiseasiertolearnlaterinlifeifyouenjoyedtheclassroomfirsttimearound:about80%ofthelearnersonCourseraalreadyhavedegrees.OnlinelearningrequiressomeITliteracy,yetoneinfouradultsintheOECDhasnoorlimited_____34_____ofputers.Skillsatrophyunlesstheyareused,butmanylowendjobsgiveworkerslittle_____35_____topracticethem.21.A.referringto B.applyingfor C.ingacross D.breakingdown22.A.strangely B.obviously C.increasingly D.subsequently23.A.share B.shift C.show D.shelf24.A.objective B.formal C.entire D.final25.A.decorate B.develop C.prepare D.provide26.A.detailed B.plicated C.specialized D.transformed27.A.adaptable B.accessible C.available D.acceptable28.A.ending B.escaping C.decreasing D.shrinking29.A.persuade B.refuse C.pursue D.search30.A.developing B.analyzing C.innovating D.producing31.A.promise B.story C.advice D.context3