2022-2023學(xué)年山東省棗莊市高三第二次模擬考試英語試卷及答案解析

2022-2023學(xué)年山東省棗莊市高三第二次模擬考試英語試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）

A

Theartifacts（文物）aresilentwitnessesofbygoneeras.Itisonlyinamuseumthatyoucanreconnect

withthepast.IfyouarevisitingmuseumsinSydney,thefollowingwillofferyouthebestexperiencesthat

reflectonthediversehistoryofAustraliaanditspeople.

PowerhouseMuseum

IncaseyouarevisitingSydneywithyourfamily,thismuseumoffersoneofthemostexciting

experiencesinthiscity.Themuseum'sexhibitsaredevotedtodisplayingtechnologiesthathave

transformedourworld.Detailinginnovationsinspacetravel,nuclearscienceandtheworkingsoflight,

electricityandgravity,theywillsurelyinterestyourentirefamily,especiallytheyoungones.

AustralianNationalMaritimeMuseum

Australiaissurroundedbywater.Gettingsomeinsightsintohowthishugelandrelatestoits

surroundingwatersisquitehelpfulasitisexciting.LearnhowAustraliaanditspeoplehavebeenaffected

bythewaters.GobackinhistoryandlearnabouttheexperiencesofthefirstpeoplebroughttoAustraliaas

prisoners.TheSeaJourneysexhibittakescareofthis.

AustralianMuseum

ImaginecomingfacetofacewithtencompletedinosaurskeletonsintheDinosaurexhibit!Asyouwalk

throughthemuseum,youwillcomeacrosstheExploringAustraliaexhibitwhichwilltakeyouthrough

stuffedrecreationsofsomeofAustralia'smostdangerousanimalsincludingthenow-extinctTasmanian

Tiger,tenmostpoisonoussnakesandanumberofcrocodiles.Certainly,thisisamuseumyouwillnot

wanttomissouton.

MuseumofSydney

Hereyouwilllearneverythingabouttherichanddiversehistoryofthiscity.Thedigitalpresentations

willinterestyou.GettheopportunitytoviewahugerangeofartifactsfromSydney,shistoιy.Thegiftshop

inthemuseumgivesyouawiderangeofspecialgiftstochooseforyourlovedones.

1.WhatisspecialaboutPowerhouseMuseum?

A.It,sespeciallykid-friendly.

B.Itsexhibitsarethelatest.

C.IttellsAustralia'searlyhistory.

D.ItreflectsSydney'slifenearthesea.

2.WheredoestheExploringAustraliaexhibittakeplace?

A.PowerhouseMuseum.

B.MuseumofSydney.

C.AustralianMuseum.

D.AustralianNationalMaritimeMuseum.

3.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthistext?

A.Students.B.Tourists.C.Historians.D.Journalists.

B

Anextremelyraremanuscript（手稿）signedbyEnglishnaturalistCharlesDarwinisexpectedtofetch

upto$790,00ataSotheby,sauctionnextmonth.Thedocumentcontainsapassagefromthefamous1859

workOntheOriginofSpecies,inwhichDarwinputforthhistheoryofevolution.

Thedocumentwasoncethoughttobeadesertedpagefromanearliermanuscriptofthework.But

expertsnowunderstanditwaswrittenin1865andsenttotheeditoroftheAutographicMirrorwhohad

requestedasignedwritingsamplefromDarwin."WhilesomeofDarwin,snotesandmanuscriptpages

havesurvivedoverthelasthundredormoreyears,hewasknowntokeeprevisinghispublications,often

throwingawaypagesfromworkingdraftsaswastepaper,makingthemextremelyrare/'Sotheby'ssaidin

astatement.

OntheOriginofSpecieswasvotedthemostinfluentialacademicbookofalltimeinapublicpollheld

duringAcademicBookWeekin2015.ThebookoffersDarwin,srevolutionaryideathatspeciesevolve

overgenerationsintheprocessofnaturalselection.

DarwinbackedIlDhistheorywithevidencecollectedduringhis1831—1836voyageontheH.MS.

Beagle,duringwhichheobservedandcollectedspecimens（標(biāo)本）fromanumberofspecies.Onthe

GalapagosIslandsoffthecoastofEcuador,Darwinnotedthatthefinches（鳴雀）ontheislandwere

similartofinchesonthemainland;however,theavailabilityofdifferentfoodsineachareahadledto

differencesinbeakshapes.

ThemanuscriptwillbeplacedondisplayatSotheby,sinNewYorkbetweenNov.30andDec8,and

onlinebidswillbeacceptedbetweenNov.25andDec.8.Theauctionhouseestimatesthatthedocument

willfetchbetween$600,000and$790,000.Theauction,whichistitledAgeofWonder,willalsoincludea

firsteditionofOntheOriginofSpeciesandacopyofscientificpaperbyDarwinandanothernaturalist.

4.WhatdoWeknowaboutthemanuscript?

A.It'sapageofOntheOriginofSpecies.

B.It,sadraftofDarwin'sscientificpaper.

C.?fsasignedwritingsampletoaneditor.

D.It,swastepaperfromDarwin'sstudy.

5.WhatmakesDarwin'sOntheOriginofSpeciesthemostinfluentialacademicbook?

A.Hismethodsofresearch.B.Hisadventureonthesea.

C.Theraremanuscript.D.Histheoryofevolution.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"backedup"meaninParagraph4?

A.supportedB.explainedC.declaredD.created

7.Whatisthepurposeoftheauction?

A.Toputthemanuscriptonsale.B.TodisplayDarwin,sworks.

C.Tovotethebestacademicbooks.D.Toreleaseanewdiscovery.

C

AvolunteerteaminSouthAfricaisrescuingpangolinsfromillegaltradeastheanimalsfacegrowing

threatsofextinction.

Pangolins,orscalyant-eatersastheyareotherwiseknown,areuniquespeciesfoundinAsiaandAfrica.

Theyarecoveredinhardscales（鱗甲）.Whentheyfeelthreatenedtheyrollupintoatightballwithonly

theirscalesexposed.

Pangolinsarelittlestudiedandlittleunderstoodspecies.However,theyarepoachedandillegally

tradedinAsiaandAfrica.TheirmeatisconsideredadelicacyinmanyAsiancountriesandthescalesare

usedinexpensiveclothingandhandbags.Butmuchoftheillegaltradeinpangolinsinvolvestheirscales,

whicharethoughttofightillnesses.Highdemandfortheirscaleshasresultedinpoachingandillegaltrade

despitethefactthatthespeciesisprotected.

TheAfricanPangolinWorkingGroupinJohannesburgisavolunteerteamofveterinarians（獸醫(yī)）and

wildlifeexperts.Theytakecareoftheirwounds,feedthemandbringthembacktohealth.NicciWright

headsthegroup.

"WhenWereceivethosepangolinstheyareallveryweak,whethertheyhavebeenwiththepoachersfor

afewdaysoruptotwoweeks,πWrightsaidnTheyhavegotwoundsandinjuries,anditisverypitifuland

veιydifficulttoemotionallydealwiththatkindofsufferingandabuse.11

Thegroupisnotjusttreatingpangolins.Theyalsohelppolicetoidentifyandcatchpoachersand

traders,ofteninundercoveroperations.Theyalsoworkonanti-traffickingmeasures.Thelatestprogramis

totraindogstosniffoutpangolinsbeinghiddenandtransported.

Itisreportedthat97tonsofpangolinscaleswereseizedfromsmugglerswhotriedtotakethemoutof

Africalastyear.Thisamountstoabout150,000poachedanimals.However,it,sonlyabout20percentof

thetotalnumber,becausetherestescapedwiththepoachers."Ifthistrendcontinues,thereisaverylikely

extinctioneventforallspeciesofthepangolin,"Wrightnoted.

8.Whyarepangolinsconsidereduniquemammals?

A.Theirmeatmakesdeliciousfood.

B.Theyhavescalestoprotectthemselves.

C.Theyareindangerofdyingout.

D.Theyarelittleunderstoodspecies.

9.Whatpushesthepoachingandillegaltradeofpangolins?

A.FoodshortagesinAfrica.B.Healthbenefitsoftheirmeat.

C.Medicinalvalueoftheirscales.D.Thedemandoffashionindustry.

10.Whatdothevolunteerteam'seffortsfocuson?

A.Catchingthepoachersandillegaltraders.

B.Trainingdogstofindthehiddenpangolins.

C.Reportinganyillegaltradeorpoaching.

D.Treatingandtendingtherescuedpangolins.

11.WhatisNicciWright'smajorconcernaccordingtothelastparagraph?

A.Pangolins'sufferingandabuse.

B.Extinctionofallpangolinspecies.

C.Adeclineinpangolinpopulations.

D.Theresearchonpangolin'sbehavior.

D

Chemically,therearemanydifferentalcohols.Allofthemarepoisonsforalmostalllivingthings.

Afterapersonswallowsadrinkcontainingalcohol,thealcoholisabsorbedrapidlyintothebloodstream.It

isthenslowlyremovedandburnedup,changingentirelyintheprocesstocarbondioxideandwater,

mostlybyactionoftheliver.Theeffectsofalcoholonthebodycomefromitseffectonthebrain.Andthey

dependupontheamountofalcoholthatbuildsupinthebloodstream.

Aswithmanyotherpoisons,asmallamountofalcoholhassomespecialeffects.Insmallamountsit

actsasastimulant.Peoplewhoare',uptightκ—tenseandnervous-areapttobecomemorerelaxedand

talkative,andseemtolosetheirworries.Forthisreason,somepeopledrinkalittlealcoholafterahard

day,swork.

Thetroublewithalcoholbeginswithjustalittlemorejust—aslightlyhigheramount—inthe

bloodstream.Thenitbecomesadepressant.Depressantsmakepeoplesloweratthinkingandslowerat

moving.Butpeopleareapttothinktheyaresmarterandfaster.That,sbad.Youcaneasilyunderstandwhy

theyshouldnotbedrivingacar.

There'sanotherpartaboutdrinkingtoomuchalcohol,whichisevenworse.Peoplearelikelytolose

self-control.Thentheyarelikelytodrinkevenmore.Thosewhoaredrunkarenotverynicetobearound

andcanbedangerous—tothemselvesandothers.

Somepeoplearecompulsivedrinkers.Evenasmallamountofalcohol"setsthemoff,"andtheykeepon

drinking.Thesepeoplearecalledalcoholics.TheAmericanMedicalAssociationsaystheyhavethe

diseaseofalcoholism.

Sofar,noonehasfoundacure.Theonlytreatmentforanalcoholicistonevertakeadrinkof

alcohol-notevenalittlebit.Thatmaysoundsimple,butforanalcoholicit'snot.

12.Whichpartofbodydoesalcoholhavethemosteffectson?

A.Thebloodstream.B.Theheart.

C.Thebrain.D.Theliver.

13.Whydopeopleliketodrinkalcoholafteraday'swork?

A.Torelaxthemselves.B.Tomakethemsmarter.

C.Tohaveagoodsleep.D.Tobecomebraver.

14.Whatdoestheauthor'ssuggestiontoalcoholics?

A.Drinkalittlebiteachday.B.Cutdownontheamount.

C.Neverdriveafterdrinking.D.Stopdrinkingcompletely.

15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thebenefitsofalcoholdrinking.

B.Theeffectsofalcoholonpeople

C.Thetreatmentsonalcoholism.

D.Thecausesofgettingdrunk.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)

ThegradualheatingofEarth'ssurface,oceansandatmosphereisprimarilycausedbyhumanactivity.

Weburnfossilfuels,andpumpcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere.These

gasesactlikeagreenhouse.⑴

Already,theconsequencesofglobalwarmingaremeasurableandvisible.⑵Lakesaroundthe

worldarewarmingrapidly—insomecasesfasterthanthesurroundingenvironment.Animalsare

changingmigrationpatterns,andplantsarebuddingtheirleavesearlierinthespringanddroppingthem

laterinthefall.

Oneofthemostimmediateandobviousconsequencesofglobalwarmingistheincreasein

temperaturesaroundtheworld.Theaverageglobaltemperaturehasincreasedby0.8℃overthepast100

years,accordingtotheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration.⑶Thatyear,Earth's

surfacetemperaturewas0.99℃warmerthantheaverageacrosstheentire20thcentury.

(4)Wehavemoreunpredictableextremeweather.Theseextremescomeindifferentflavors.One

effectcanbecolderthannormalwinters.Changesinclimatecancausetheboundarybetweenthecold

NorthPoleairandthewarmequatorialairtomigratesouth.⑸Thisiswhysomeareascanhavea

suddencoldsnaporcolder-than-normalwinter,evenduringthelong-termtrendofglobalwarming.

A.Thatwillbringwithitcold,Arcticair.

B.Theytrapinheatandcauseglobalwarming.

C.Animmediateconsequenceisfreezingweather.

D.OurEarthisheatingup,andheatingupquickly.

E.lceismeltinginbothpolaricecapsandmountainglaciers.

F.Since1895,thehottestyearonrecordworldwidewas2016.G.Asglobalaveragetemperaturesgoup,

weatherpatternsarechanging.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)

EgyptiantabletennisplayerIbrahimHamadtoudidn'twinamedal,orevenscoreavictory.Buthehas

becomeoneofthemost(21)storiesaltheTokyo2020ParalympicGames.

Hamadtoulosthis(22)inatrainaccidentwhenhewasjust10yearsold.Butthatdidnot(23)his

loveofsports.Heusedtoplaybothfootballandtabletennis.Aftertheaccident,hefeltlostand

stayed(24)athomeforthreeyears.Thenhewentbacktofootball,butfootballwastoo(25)forhim.

Withnoarms,hecouldn'tprotecthimselfwhenhefell!

Afterseveral(26),hefoundthathecouldplaytabletenniswithhismouth.Ittookhimnearlyayear

of(27)toholdtheracket(球拍)withhismouthandmakethe(28)withhisfeet.Hefirstcompetedat

theRioParalympics,andwasfinallyabletofulfillhislifelong(29)ofcompetinginParalympics.He

losthisfirsttwomatches,butdid(30)therespectofotherplayerslikeDavidWetherill."He,salegend

intabletennis,"saidWetherill.',Iknow?wontodaybut?thinkhehas(31)farmoreskillsthanIhave."

InTokyo,helosttoaChineseplayerandaplayerfromSouthKorea,(32)allthecompetitionsathis

secondParalympics.However,hehasa(n)(33)fortheworldaboutwhatdisabilityreallymeans,inhis

eyes.',Iwanttotelleverybodythatnothingis(34),andeverybodyshouldworkhardforwhatyoulove

andwhatyouthinkisgoodforyourself/'hesaid.nThe(35)isnotinarmsorlegs;itisnottostickto

whateveryouwouldliketodo.n

21.A.interestingB.inspiringC.depressingD.surprising

22.A.parentsB.legsC.armsD.friends

23.A.reduceB.beatC.loseD.fall

24.A.inshapeB.heldupC.shutupD.incomfort

25.A.intenseB.tiringC.noisyD.dangerous

26.A.thoughtsB.matchesC.injuriesD.attempts

27.A.practiceB.failureC.waitingD.challenge

28.A.startB.hitC.serveD.ball

29.A.chanceBJourneyC.roadD.dream

30.A.earnB.payC.deserveD.give

31.A.developedB.adoptedC.demonstratedD.extended

32.A.abandoningB.endingC.winningD.joining

33.A.exampleB.messageC.quoteD.lesson

34.A.unfortunateB.comfortableC.meaningfulD.impossible

35.A.disabilityB.pityC.sufferingD.belief

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.JacopoDeliaRagionewasbornandraisedinFlorence,Italy.While⑴studentof

MedievalHistoryatMilanUniversity,healsolearnedgraphicdesignandprinting.In2001,his

passionforChinastraditionalandmodernartbroughthimtoBeijing,andhe(2)(work)thereever

since.

InJuly2001,RagionewasinChina⑶Beijingwontherighttohostthe2008OlympicGames.

Hewitnessedthishistoricmomentandsharedinthe(4)(happy)oftheChinesepeople.Hehas

workedinmanycompaniesinChinaandalsomarriedagirlinBeijing,⑸hasallowedhimto

knowChinabetter.

When(6)(talk)abouthowhecarriesouthiswork,Ragionesaidhedesignsthepictureinhis

mindfirst,andthenfollowstheinstincts(本能)ofhisbody(7)(finish)thejob."It,sabitlike

China'scalligraphyandKungFu,whichhasbroughtmemuchinspiration,"hesaid.

Ragioneisnowdeeplyattached⑻China.Hehaswitnessedthegreatchangesthathavetaken

placehere:streetshavebecomemorelively,busesaremoreadvanced,andtravelingbysubwayhas

becomemoreconvenient...uIhavevisitedmanycitiesinChina,andBeijingistheoneI

Iove⑼(much).Ifellinlovewithit(10)(gradual).ItalyiswhereIwasborn,andBeijingismy

homenow,"hesaidinfluentChinese.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(IO)

五、任務(wù)型讀寫(本大題共1小題，共25.0分)

37.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Oneday,Reuben,a12-year-oldboy,sawsomethinginashopwindowthatsethisheartracing.

Theprice—fivedollars—wasbeyondhismeans,buthewentintheshopanyway.

Poorlydressed,hewentupandtoldtheshopkeeperwhathewanted,adding,nIdon'thavethe

moneyrightnow.Willyoupleaseholditformeforsometime?1'

,,Γ11try,"theshopkeepersmiled."Folksaroundheredon'tusuallyhavemoneytospendonsuch

things.Itshouldkeepforawhile."

Reubendecidedtoraisethefivedollarsbyhimself.Walkingalongasidestreet,hehadanidea.

Peoplebuilttheirownhousesinhistown,usingnailspurchasedinHessiansacks(粗麻袋)froma

localfactory.Thesacksweresometimesthrownaway.Reubenknewhecouldsellthembacktothe

factoryforfivecentsapiece.

Everydayafterschool,Reubenwentaroundthetown,collectingnailsacks.Theschoolclosedfor

thesummer,andhewasstillwanderinginthetown,searchingforhistreasures.Oftenhewastired

andhungry,butthethoughtoftheobjectintheshopwindowkepthimgoing.Sometimeshismother

Dorawouldask:"Reuben,wherewereyou?Wewerewaitingforyoutohavedinner.11nPIaying,

Mum.Sorry.',

Dorawouldlookathiminhisfaceandshakeherhead.Boys!Onedayinspring,hecountedhis

coinsandfoundheneededtwentycentsmore.Hehadtofindfoursacksandsellthembeforetheday

ended.Lateintheafternoon,justbeforethebuyerwasabouttocloseup,Reubenarrivedandsoldthe

foursacks.Withthecoinsinhishand,hemurmuredathankyouandranaway.

注意：

(1)續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

(2)請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

Clutchingthefivedollars,heheadedfortheshop.

Doraopeneditcarefullyandalovelyjewelboxappeared.

六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）

38.假定你是李華，最近，你加入了學(xué)校的英語社團(tuán)（EngliShoUb）。請給你的英國筆友

LUCy寫信介紹情況。內(nèi)容包括：

（1）社團(tuán)介紹；

（2）社團(tuán)活動(dòng)安排；

（3）個(gè)人期待。

注意：

（1）詞數(shù)80左右；

（2）請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearLucy,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】ASCNB

【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了悉尼幾個(gè)值得參觀的博物館。

1.根據(jù)第二段Detailinginnovationsinspacetravel.nuclearscienceandtheworkingsoflight,electricity

andgravity,theywillsurelyinterestyourentirefamily,especiallytheyoungones.（詳細(xì)介紹太空旅行、

核科學(xué)以及光、電和重力的工作原理方面的創(chuàng)新，肯定會(huì)引起你全家的興趣，尤其是年輕人。）

可知，P。WerhOUSeMUSeUm“動(dòng)力博物館”尤其會(huì)引起年輕人的興趣，即受小孩子喜歡。故選A。

2.根據(jù)第四段中的Asyouwalkthroughthemuseum...tenmostpoisonoussnakesandanumberof

crocodiles.（當(dāng)你穿過博物館時(shí)，你會(huì)看到“探索澳大利亞”展覽，它將帶你參觀澳大利亞一些最危

險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)物的填充物，包括現(xiàn)已滅絕的塔斯馬尼亞虎、十條最毒的蛇和一些鱷魚。）可知，Australian

Museum“澳大利亞博物館”里有“探索澳大利亞”展覽。故選C。

3.根據(jù)第一段中的IfyouarevisitingmuseumsinSydney,thefollowingwillofferyouthebest

experiencesthatreflectonthediversehistoryofAustraliaanditspeople.（如果你正在參觀悉尼的博物

館，以下將為你提供反映澳大利亞及其人民多樣歷史的最佳體驗(yàn)。）可知，這篇文章是寫給去悉

尼旅行的人的。故選B。

4~7.【答案】CNDXAXA

【解析】【文章大意】本文介紹了一份由英國博物學(xué)家查爾斯?達(dá)爾文簽名的極其罕見的手稿預(yù)計(jì)

將在下個(gè)月的蘇富比拍賣會(huì)上拍出790000美元。

I.根據(jù)第二段中的Butexpertsnowunderstanditwaswrittenin1865andsenttotheeditorofthe

AutographicMirrorwhohadrequestedasignedwritingsamplefromDarwin.（但專家們現(xiàn)在知道，這

份手稿寫于1865年，被寄給了《自傳鏡》的編輯，他曾向達(dá)爾文索要一份簽名的寫作樣本。）可

知，這份手稿是一份給編輯的簽名寫作樣本。故選C。

2.根據(jù)第三段中的OntheOriginofSpecieswasvotedthemostinfluentialacademicbookofalltimeina

publicpollheldduringAcademicBookWeekin2015.ThebookoffersDarwin'srevolutionaryideathat

speciesevolveovergenerationsintheprocessofnaturalselection.（在2015年學(xué)術(shù)圖書周期間舉行的

公眾投票中，《物種起源》被評為有史以來最具影響力的學(xué)術(shù)書籍。這本書提出了達(dá)爾文的革命

性觀點(diǎn)，即物種在自然選擇的過程中經(jīng)過幾代人的進(jìn)化。）可知，達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化論使達(dá)爾文的《物

種起源》成為最有影響力的學(xué)術(shù)著作。故選D。

3.根據(jù)第四段中的DarwinbackedUPhistheorywithevidencecollectedduringhis1831—1836voyage

ontheH.MS.Beagle,duringwhichheobservedandcollectedspecimens（標(biāo)本）fromanumberofspecies.

（達(dá)爾文在1831—1836年乘坐英國皇家海軍貝格爾號航行期間，觀察并收集了許多物種的標(biāo)本，

以此來backup他的理論。）可知，達(dá)爾文觀察收集物種標(biāo)本來支持自己的理論。劃線詞是“支持”

的意思。A.supported支持；Bexplained解釋；Cdeclared聲明；D.created創(chuàng)建。故選A。

4.根據(jù)第一段中的Anextremelyraremanuscript（手稿）signedbyEnglishnaturalistCharlesDarwinis

expectedtofetchupIo$790,00ataSotheby'sauctionnextmonth.（一份由英國博物學(xué)家查爾斯?達(dá)

爾文簽名的極其罕見的手稿預(yù)計(jì)將在下個(gè)月的蘇富比拍賣會(huì)上拍出790000美元。）可知，拍賣的

目的是將手稿出售。故選A。

8~11.【答案】BxCxD、B

【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇說明文?介紹了一個(gè)拯救穿山甲的組織以及他們的工作。

1.根據(jù)第二段Pangolins,orscalyant-eatersastheyareotherwiseknown,areuniquespeciesfoundin

AsiaandAfrica.Whentheyfeelthreatenedtheyrollupintoatightballwithonlytheirscalesexposed.（穿

山甲，或稱有鱗食蟻動(dòng)物，是在亞洲和非洲發(fā)現(xiàn)的獨(dú)特物種。當(dāng)它們感到受到威脅時(shí)，它們會(huì)蜷

縮成一個(gè)緊密的球，只露出鱗片。）可知，穿山甲之所以獨(dú)特，是因?yàn)樵谟龅酵{時(shí)它們可用鱗

保護(hù)自己。故選B。

2.根據(jù)第三段Butmuchoftheillegaltradeinpangolinsinvolvestheirscales,whicharethoughttofight

illnesses.（但穿山甲的非法貿(mào)易大多涉及它們的鱗片，人們認(rèn)為它們可以對抗疾病。）可知I,之

所以有大量穿山甲非法貿(mào)易，主要是由于其鱗片的藥用價(jià)值。故選C。

3,根據(jù)第四段Theytakecareoftheirwounds,feedthemandbringthembacktohealth.（他們照顧它

們的傷口，喂養(yǎng)它們，讓它們恢復(fù)健康）以及第六段第一句ThegroUPiSnotjUSttreatingPangolins.

（該組織不僅僅是在治療穿山甲。）可知，該組織主要工作是照顧穿山甲的傷口，喂養(yǎng)它們，讓

他們恢復(fù)健康，除此之外，也做一些別的工作。故選D。

4.根據(jù)最后一段"Ifthistrendcontinues,thereisaverylikelyextinctioneventforallspeciesofthe

pangolin,"Wrightnoted.（Wright指出：“如果這種趨勢持續(xù)下去，所有種類的穿山甲都很可能滅

絕?！保┛芍?，Wright主要擔(dān)憂的就是穿山甲的滅絕。故選B。

12~15.【答案】CsAxDxB

【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講述了喝酒對人們的影響。

I.根據(jù)第一段中的Theeffectsofalcoholonthebodycomefromitseffectonthebrain.Andtheydepend

upontheamountofalcoholthatbuildsupinthebloodstream.（酒精對身體的影響來自于它對大腦的

影響。它們?nèi)Q于血液中酒精的含量。）可知，酒精對大腦的影響最大。故選C。

2.根據(jù)第二段中的Insmallamountsitactsasastimulant...somepeopledrinkaIitllealcoholafterahard

day,swork.（少量時(shí)，它起到興奮劑的作用?！熬o張”一一緊張和不安一一的人容易變得更放松、

更健談，似乎不再擔(dān)心。因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因，一些人在一天的辛苦工作后喝一點(diǎn)酒。）可知，一些人

在一天的辛苦工作后，為了讓自己放松，緩解自己的緊張，往往會(huì)喝酒。故選A。

3.根據(jù)最后——段中的Sofar,noonehasfoundacure.Theonlytreatmentforanalcoholicistonevertake

adrinkofalcohol-notevenalittlebit.（到目前為止，還沒有人找到解藥。治療酒精中毒的唯一方法

就是不喝酒點(diǎn)也不喝。）可知，在作者看來，唯一治療酒精中毒的方式就是一點(diǎn)都不喝。

故選D。

4.通讀全文，文章第一段中提到酒精對身體的影響，接著在第二段中提到工作的人們通常喝酒的

原因，第三、四和五段論述了喝酒過量之后對人們的影響，最后一段提出解決酒精中毒的辦法就

是絕不喝酒，因而，本文主要講述了喝酒對人們的影響。故選B。

16~20.【答案】B、E、F、G、A

【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了全球變曖給人類帶來如溫度上升和極端天氣

等一系列的難以預(yù)料的結(jié)果。

1.

根據(jù)上文TheSegaSeSaCtIikeagreenhoUSe.（這些氣體就像是一座溫室。）可知，這些氣體和溫室

的作用相似，B項(xiàng)“它們困住熱量并且導(dǎo)致全球變暖”正是對溫室作用的解釋說明，是對上文內(nèi)

容的承接。故選B。

2.

根據(jù)上文Already,theconsequencesofglobalwarmingaremeasurableandvisible.（全球變暖的結(jié)果

已經(jīng)是可測量和可見的。）可知，下文要介紹全球變暖產(chǎn)生的后果，E項(xiàng)“極地冰蓋和山地冰川

的冰都在融化”就是對全球變暖的結(jié)果的舉例說明。故選E。

3.

下文Thatyear,Earth'ssurfacetemperaturewas0.99℃warmerthantheaverageacrosstheentire20th

CentUry.（那一年，地球表面溫度比整個(gè)二十世紀(jì)的平均值高出0.99℃。）中的“Thatyear”指代

的是F項(xiàng)“自1895年以來，全球有記錄以來最熱的年份是2016年”中的“2016”，下文是對F

項(xiàng)內(nèi)容的解釋說明，解釋了2016年成為自1895年以來最熱一年的原因。故選F。

4.

下文WehaVemOreUnPrediCtabIeeXtremeWeather.（我們有更多難以預(yù)測的極端天氣。）說明了極

端天氣的出現(xiàn)是我們始料未及的，G項(xiàng)“隨著全球平均氣溫的上升，天氣模式正在發(fā)生改變”是

為了引出下文，說明天氣模式的改變是向極端天氣轉(zhuǎn)變.故選G。

5.

下文Thisiswhysomeareascanhaveasuddencoldsnaporcolder-than-normalwinter,evenduringthe

long-termtrendofglobalwarming.（這就是為什么一些區(qū)域即使在全球變暖的長期趨勢下，也會(huì)有

突然的寒流或比正常冬天更冷的原因。）和A項(xiàng)“那將會(huì)帶來寒冷的北極空氣”構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，

是對北極空氣帶來的結(jié)果的解釋說明。故選A。

21~35.【答案】B、C、A、C、D、D、A、C、D、A、C、B、B、D、A

【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。文章通過殘疾人哈馬圖的勵(lì)志故事告訴我們：如果你有

堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志力，你就能克服任何困難，在生活中取得任何成就。

1.

句意：但他已經(jīng)成為2020年東京殘奧會(huì)最鼓舞人心的故事之一。A.interesting有趣的；B.inspiring

鼓舞人心的；C.depressing令人沮喪的；D.surprising令人驚訝的。根據(jù)“Withnoarms,hecouldn't

protecthimselfwhenhefell!”以及“Ittookhimnearlyayearof（7）toholdtheracket（球拍）withhis

,,

mouthandmakethe8withhisfeet.可知,他是無臂的勵(lì)志選手。故選Bo

2.

句意：哈馬圖十歲時(shí)在一次火車事故中失去了雙臂。A.parents父母；BJegs腿；Carms胳膊；

D.friends朋友。根據(jù)下文4fWithnoarms,hecouldn,tprotecthimselfwhenhefell!,,可知，他失去了

雙臂。故選C。

3.

句意：但這并沒有減少他對運(yùn)動(dòng)的熱愛。A.reduce減少；B.beat打??；Chse失去；Dfall下降。

根據(jù)"Thenhewentbacktofootball”可知，他身殘但是仍然熱愛運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選A。

4.

句意：事故發(fā)生后，他感到很失落，在家閉關(guān)了三年。A.inSh叩e處于良好狀態(tài)；B.heldup舉起；

CShUtUP封閉;D.incomfort舒適。根據(jù)^Aftertheaccident,hefeltlostw可知，他把自己關(guān)在家

里。故選C。

5.

句意：然后他又去踢足