Unit6EarthfirstUsinglanguage教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)-高中英語(yǔ)

Unit6EarthfirstUsinglanguage教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)科目：英語(yǔ)課題：Usinglanguage課時(shí)：1課時(shí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)與核心素養(yǎng)：知識(shí)目標(biāo)：Studentscanlearnsomenewwordsandbasicsentencestructures.能力目標(biāo)：Studentscanhaveafurtherunderstandingofthepassage.情感目標(biāo)：Studentscanthinkindividuallyandlearncooperatively.教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)：教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：Howtolearnthenewwordsandbasicsentencestructures.教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：Howtomakestudentshaveabetterunderstandingofthepassage.課前準(zhǔn)備：多媒體，黑板，粉筆教學(xué)過(guò)程：一、Preclass1.Greeting2.Leadingin教師活動(dòng)：教師提問(wèn)。ingandedasplement二、WhileclassUsingLanguage1.學(xué)生活動(dòng)：DiscussingroupsandpleteActivity1inpage65.Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.

(Suggestedanswers:1.Insentence(a),awomanisswimmingatnight.2.Insentence(b),peoplearefrightenedofsharks.3.Insentence(a),awomanisswimming.Inotherwords,thewomandoestheactionofswimming.Sotheauthorusesing.Butinsentence(b),peoplearefrightened.Sotheauthorusesed.Sentencesfromthepassage:Peoplejustwantedthemkilled.(want+賓語(yǔ)+v.ed作賓補(bǔ))Benchleysawsharksbeingkilledandthiscausedadeepchangeinhim.(see+賓語(yǔ)+v.ing的被動(dòng)形式作賓補(bǔ)))2.學(xué)生活動(dòng)：Fillintheblanks.1.Somefishermenarefound________(hunt)sharksfortheirfins.2.Fewpeoplearenot________(scare)ofsharks.3.Fortunately,manynaturereserveshavebeenestablished,________withpeople'sattitudestowardswildlife(change).4.Lastsummer,droughtsandfloodsmadeourenvironment________(damage),________(cause)severeinfectionsinsomeareas.5.Toomuchsmogandfog________(contain)carbondioxidearereleased,thus________(lead)toglobalwarming.(Suggestedanswers:1.hunting2.scared3.changed4.damaged,causing5.containing,leading)3.教師活動(dòng)：語(yǔ)法講解一、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（一）概述賓語(yǔ)可以分為三種類型:單賓語(yǔ)、雙賓語(yǔ)、復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。make這個(gè)動(dòng)詞可以接這三種賓語(yǔ)。1.Shemadeatoy.她做了一個(gè)玩具。2.ShemadeTomatoy.她給湯姆做了一個(gè)玩具。3.ShemadeTomagoodboy.她使湯姆成為一個(gè)好孩子。句1中made是“制作”,接單賓語(yǔ)。句2中made也是“制作”,接雙賓語(yǔ),其中Tom是間接賓語(yǔ),atoy是直接賓語(yǔ)。可以轉(zhuǎn)換為:ShemadeatoyforTom.句3中made為“使役動(dòng)詞”,意思是“使,讓”。Tom是賓語(yǔ),agoodboy是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)Tom是什么或怎么樣的。如果沒(méi)有這個(gè)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)的意思就不完整。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的。具體地說(shuō),有些動(dòng)詞除了帶有賓語(yǔ)外,還需要另外一個(gè)成分來(lái)說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的情況，以彌補(bǔ)意義上的不足,讓賓語(yǔ)的意義完整。這種起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用的詞語(yǔ)或短語(yǔ)就叫做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。能作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的,可以是名詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞、動(dòng)詞不定式現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞等。無(wú)論何種成分作賓補(bǔ)，必須同時(shí)具備以下三個(gè)條件:1.賓語(yǔ)是補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ),賓補(bǔ)對(duì)賓語(yǔ)起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用。2.在一個(gè)完整的句子中,賓補(bǔ)是不可缺少的,省掉后句意就不完整。3.判斷某個(gè)成分是不是賓補(bǔ)，這跟謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)有關(guān)。賓補(bǔ)是動(dòng)詞作用于賓語(yǔ)的結(jié)果。大致可分為兩類:1.動(dòng)詞具有“使”“令”“導(dǎo)致”賓語(yǔ)做某事的作用，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使賓語(yǔ)怎么樣、成為什么或變成什么(例如:make類,tell類,cause類)。2.動(dòng)詞具有感官的性能,對(duì)賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)具有感知作用(see,hear,find類)。WecallthegirlAmy.(thegirl為賓語(yǔ)，名詞Amy為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))我們叫這個(gè)女孩艾米。WeallfindJosiekind.(Josie為賓語(yǔ),形容詞kind為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))我們都認(rèn)為喬茜善良。Don'tforcesuchalittlegirltolearn.(suchalittleboy為賓語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞不定式tolearn為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))不要逼著這么小的女孩學(xué)習(xí)。Wesawthemanenteringtheroom.(theman為賓語(yǔ),現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)enteringtheroom為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))我們看見(jiàn)那個(gè)人進(jìn)了房間。Shetriedtomakeherselfunderstood.(herself為賓語(yǔ),過(guò)去分詞understood為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))她設(shè)法讓別人理解她的意思。Whenshewokeup,shefoundherselfinthehospital.(herself為賓語(yǔ),介詞短語(yǔ)inthehospital為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))她醒來(lái)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在醫(yī)院里。Whenwearrivedathishouse,wefoundMr.Smithout.(Mr.Smith為賓語(yǔ)副詞out為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))當(dāng)我們到達(dá)他家時(shí),我們發(fā)現(xiàn)史密斯先生外出了。友情提示：句子由主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后,賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)變成主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。Shewaslastseenplayingneartheriver.有人最后一次看見(jiàn)她在河附近玩。Tomwasconsideredtohavestolenthemoney人們認(rèn)為湯姆偷了那筆錢。Thedoorwaspushedopen.門被推開了。Shewascaughtcheatingintheexam.他被抓住考試作弊。Johnwasmadethemonitor.約翰被選為班長(zhǎng)。（二）現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞除了作狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)外,還可以作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)怎么樣或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)分為兩種情況:一種是形容詞性質(zhì)的現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ);一種是動(dòng)作性質(zhì)的現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。1.形容詞性質(zhì)的現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示“觀點(diǎn)”的這一類動(dòng)詞如think,consider,believe,find,feel等,都可以接這類復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。Wethinkthereportveryencouraging.我們認(rèn)為這個(gè)報(bào)告非常鼓舞人。Iconsideredthebookratherboring.我認(rèn)為這本書相當(dāng)枯燥。Theyallfeeltheresultofthegamedisappointing.他們都覺(jué)得比賽結(jié)果令人失望。Weallfoundthechildveryannoying.我們都覺(jué)得這個(gè)孩子很煩人。2.動(dòng)作性質(zhì)的現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)(1)感官動(dòng)詞see,hear,feel,smell,watch,notice,observe,discover,find,listento,lookat,catch(當(dāng)場(chǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn))等，可以接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ),現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。SomeonesawJackwateringflowersinthegarden.有人看見(jiàn)杰克在花園里澆花。Sheheardsomeonesingingnextdoor.她聽(tīng)到隔壁有人在唱歌。Inoticedsomethingburning.我注意到有東西燃了起來(lái)。友情提示：①感官動(dòng)詞后面可跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)，也可跟不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)(find和catch除外),二者有一定的差別?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,不定式表示動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程或結(jié)果。Iheardthedoorbellringing.我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)門鈴在響。(聽(tīng)的時(shí)候門鈴正在響)Iheardsomeoneknockatthedoor.我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人敲門了。(聽(tīng)見(jiàn)敲門的全過(guò)程)②現(xiàn)在分詞作感官動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，不能使用完成式。Hesawthehousehavingburned.(誤)Hesawthehouseburning.(正)發(fā)生在你看見(jiàn)、聽(tīng)見(jiàn)之前的動(dòng)作或事件，你是看不到也聽(tīng)不到的,你只能看見(jiàn)或聽(tīng)見(jiàn)正在發(fā)生的情況。這就是現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式不能作感官動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)的原因。(2)使役動(dòng)詞have,get,set,leave,keep等,可以接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。Ican'thaveyouwastingwaterlikethat.我不能讓你那樣浪費(fèi)水。Don'tkeepyourchildrenlearningallday不要讓你的孩子整天都在學(xué)習(xí)。Itwascold,sotheyleftthefireburningallthenight.天氣很冷，所以他們讓爐火整夜燃燒著。3.在“with+賓語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中,現(xiàn)在分詞充當(dāng)了with的賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。Maryfeltveryshywithsomanyeyeslookingather.有這么多眼睛看著她,瑪麗感到很害羞。Withpricesgoingupsofast,wecan'taffordluxuries.物價(jià)上漲這么快,我們買不起奢侈品。（三）過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞除了作狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)外,還可以作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)與過(guò)去分詞存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系,即賓語(yǔ)是過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)作的承受者。能接過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞主要有兩大類:一類是感官動(dòng)詞,另一類是使役動(dòng)詞。1.感官動(dòng)詞see,hear,feel,notice,find等可以接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ),過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。Whileshewasreading,sheheardhernamecalledbehind.當(dāng)她在讀書的時(shí)候,她聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人在背后叫她的名字。IfindhisEnglishimprovedalot.我發(fā)現(xiàn)他的英語(yǔ)提高很多。2.使役動(dòng)詞make,have,get,keep,leave等可以接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ),過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。Shewenttothehospitaltohavehiseyesexamined.她去醫(yī)院把眼睛檢查了一下。Theforeignertriedtomakeherselfunderstood,butfailed.這個(gè)外國(guó)人設(shè)法使別人明白她的意思，但失敗了。友情提示：have和get兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可以表示幾種特殊的意義。3.意欲動(dòng)詞want,like,wish,expect,wouldlike等可以接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。I'dlikethejobdonewhenIebackfromthejourney.當(dāng)我旅行回來(lái)時(shí),我想讓這份工作(被別人)做完。Themotherwantsherdaughtertaughtmusicinherfreetime.這位母親想讓她的女兒在空閑時(shí)間學(xué)音樂(lè)。上述動(dòng)詞也可以接不定式的被動(dòng)式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),即在過(guò)去分詞前加tobe。Theywouldlikethebook(tobe)publishedthisyear.他們想要這本書今年出版。Wewantthismatter(tobe)settledimmediately.我們希望這個(gè)問(wèn)題立刻被解決。4.在“with+賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中,過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)了with的賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。Amanwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehind.一個(gè)人被帶了進(jìn)來(lái),雙手在背后捆著。Thegirlwentouttoplaywithallherhomeworkfinished.這個(gè)女孩在所有家庭作業(yè)完成后出去玩耍了。（四）各種非謂語(yǔ)形式作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別1.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)和過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ),賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者;過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ),賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。Isawthedogfollowingaman.我看見(jiàn)那只狗跟在一個(gè)人的身后。Isawthedogfollowedbyaman.我看見(jiàn)有人在那只狗后面跟著。2.不定式現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別不定式表示動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程或結(jié)果;現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)和正在進(jìn)行;過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)和完成。IhaveseenMillagrowupfromchildhood,soIknowherquitewel1.我看著米拉從小長(zhǎng)大，因此我很了解她。SomestudentslastsawReedplayingnearanInternetbar.幾個(gè)學(xué)生最后看見(jiàn)瑞德時(shí)他正在一家網(wǎng)吧附近玩耍。I'dliketoseeaproposalputforwardatonce.我想看到立馬有人提出建議。3.過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)式作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別Sheheardhernamecalledjustamomentago.剛才她聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人叫過(guò)她的名字。(called是過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ),表示“被動(dòng)和完成”)Sheheardhernamebeingcalledfrombehindandstoppedtolookback.她聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人在后面一直叫她的名字,就停下來(lái)向后看。(beingcalled是現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式作賓補(bǔ)，表示“被動(dòng)和進(jìn)行”)練習(xí)：用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式完成句子LastSunday,wewenttothezootoseesomewildanimals.Whenwearrivedintheearlymorning,wefoundthegate1.________(close).Sowehadtowaitoutside.Assoonaswesawthegate2.________(open),wewentinimmediately.Howexcitedweweretoseesomeanimals3.________(play)witheachotherinthezoo!Therewasahugemetalcageinthecentreofthezoo.Aswedrewnear,wecouldseeasmallmonkey4.________(attack)byagroupofoldermonkeys.WhileIwaswatching,Iheardmyname5.________(call)frombehind.Inoticedaboy6.________(name)David7.________(run)towardsme.Hetoldmethathehadmetaforeignerandtheforeignerdidn'tspeakChinese.Sohewasn'tabletomakehimself8.________(understand)thoughhetriedtomakesomegestures.WhenIlearnedthattheforeignerwantedtohaveapicture9.________(take)bythesideofabeautifulpeafowl,Iwentandhelpedtakeapictureforhimatonce.(Suggestedanswers:1.closed2.opened3.playing4.beingattacked5.cal